Spatial plan of Montenegro until 2020 - Ada Bojana

1. BASIC POSTULATES OF THE SPATIAL PLAN (BASES OF LONG TERMORGANIZATION OF SPACE)1.1 Sustainable development as the guiding orientation of the National Spatial PlanSpace of Montenegro is the basis for development of the whole population of the state,strengthening the self-essence, designed use of spatial potentials, as well as preservation oflandscape diversity and biodiversity. Regional particularities are the basis for achieving local,regional and international identity of Montenegro and its integral areas. The position ofMontenegro in Europe has always had a huge impact on spatial and socio-economic relations inthe Republic. The way of using the space is an important element in determining nationalculture.Main processes and factors influencing spatial development are globalisation, Europeanintegration, market economy, fast development of information technology, urbanisation trends,demographic changes, climate change and a general higher ecological awareness among thepopulation. To consider the various processes and facts and to organise spatial development inthe light of long-term requirements is only possible by following the orientation on sustainabledevelopment.According to the National Strategy of Sustainable Development the vision of sustainabledevelopment in Montenegro includes: Vision of economic development, which is based on the need to speed up economicgrowth and finalize the transition process towards market economy (stimulatinginnovations and productivity, strengthening entrepreneurship, preventing quality staff withgood prospects for the future from moving abroad), but, at the same time, taking care offulfilling the sustainability requirements through the integration of environmental policyand economic policy and through the mitigation of effects of economic growth onenvironment; Social vision, which involves poverty reduction and protection of the most vulnerablepopulation groups, as well as securing more just distribution of benefits from economicdevelopment among all segments of the society; Environmental vision, that is, the necessity to protect the environment and sustainablemanagement of natural resources, stimulating at the same time the synergy betweendevelopment and environmental protection and having in mind the right of futuregenerations to a quality life; Ethical vision, which involves improvement of management/administration throughcapacity building among all actors (central authorities, local authorities, private sector andcivil society) and transfer from the centralized decision making process to negotiations,cooperation, coordinated action and decentralization, as well as implementation of theprinciple of unity and solidarity, and respect for human rights through re-affirming the rightto development in a healthy and just environment; Cultural vision, that is, the necessity to protect cultural diversity and identity, whilestrengthening the cohesion of the overall society.Following these visions, five general goals were defined in the National Strategy ofSustainable Development:1. Speed up economic growth and development and reduce regional developmentdisparities;2. Reduce poverty; ensure equality in access to services and resources;3. Ensure efficient control and reduction of pollution and sustainable management ofnatural resources;4. Improve the system of management and public participation; mobilize all actors,with capacity building at all levels;91