2006 merck/merial - School of Veterinary Medicine - Louisiana State ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Occurrence of Leptospira Vaccine Failure in DogsKatie Wentworth 1 *, Lynn F. Guptill 1 , Todd R. Tams 2 , John M. Kruger 3 , George E. Moore 1Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 1 , VCA Antech Inc., Los Angeles, CA 2 , Michigan State University, EastLansing , MI 3Concern exists regarding the efficacy and duration of immunity of bivalent and quadrivalent Leptospira bacterins.Vaccine failure due to an insufficient efficacy or duration of immunity or a failure to vaccinate against the infective serovarsmay lead to clinical leptospirosis. In order to determine the importance of Leptospira vaccination failure, we retrospectivelyevaluated the vaccination history of dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis from a corporate veterinary practice and two universityveterinary hospitals between the years 2000 and 2005. Case criteria included a single microscopic agglutination titer of¡Ý1:1600 or a set of paired titers showing a four-fold increase to a presumptive serovar and a known vaccination history.Forty-eight cases met the inclusion criteria in the study. Of these forty-eight cases, only two (4.2%) may have representedcases of vaccination failure. Thus, in the majority of cases examined, vaccination against the presumptive serovar did notoccur.130
PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY (ANATOMY) (SESSION 2)Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances in Hypercholesterolemic Pigs Fed Coconut, Corn Oil, andCholesterolCheryl Adkins* and James TurkUniversity of Missouri-Columbia School of Veterinary MedicineCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Atherosclerosis is the major contributor tocardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Oxidative damage to LDL by free radicals is believed to contribute to thedevelopment of artherosclerosis. Free radicals are formed from naturally occurring reactive oxygen species (ROS) in thebody, such as superoxide (O2-), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-). In the presenceof O2- ,NO produced by normal endothelium becomes ONOO-. ONOO- not only causes a decrease in cGMP leading todamage of the vessels, but it is also mediates further lipid peroxidation. When plasma LDL sustains oxidative damage itenhances the effects of oxidized LDL in the arterial wall leading to the accumulation of ‘foamy macrophages’ seen withartherosclerosis. Oxidative damage occurs not only to LDL, but also to a variety of other plasma and tissue constituents;including lipid hydroperoxides and aldehydes. These 2 thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) increase withoxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to quantify the amount of ROS using TBARS in 4 groups (N=8 each) of pigs:normal fat sedentary (NFSed), normal fat exercised (NFEx), high fat cholesterol sedentary (HFCSed), and high fatcholesterol exercised (HFCEx). Results indicate that TBARs in plasma of pigs fed HFC diet are greater than in pigs fed NFdiet. Plasma TBARs in HFCEx were significantly greater than in NFSed or NFEx pigs.Role of p38 MAPK in the Mechanism Regulating COX-2 Protein Levels in Equine LeukocytesJennifer Bell*, Jennifer Trujillo, Laura Neuder, Rachael Eckert, Samuel JonesDepartment of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State College of Veterinary MedicineEndotoxemia is a condition resulting from stimulation of equine blood leukocytes by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), acomponent of gram-negative bacterial cell walls. LPS is absorbed through compromised mucosal barriers into thebloodstream where it triggers severe systemic inflammation that can result in multi-organ failure, hypotensive shock, anddeath. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is an enzyme that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of endotoxemia whenpro-inflammatory gene expression becomes dysregulated.The goal of our study is to identify how LPS induced COX-2 gene expression is regulated in equine bloodleukocytes. Previous work demonstrated that LPS stimulation of equine blood leukocytes results in increased COX-2 proteinlevels. COX-2 dependent PGE2 production also increased in response to LPS stimulation. Our objective is to determine themechanism regulating this increase in COX-2 protein expression in response to LPS stimulation.In humans, the mitogen activated protein kinase p38 is a positive regulator of inflammatory gene expression and is activatedby an assortment of stimuli that includes LPS. Our hypothesis is that p38 is required for LPS induced COX-2 geneexpression in equine leukocytes and is thus a target for anti-inflammatory therapy during equine endotoxemia. We tested thishypothesis by using Western blot assays and real time rt-PCR to determine p38 activity in LPS stimulated equine bloodleukocytes.Cellular lysates collected from equine blood leukocytes and stimulated by LPS showed activation-associated p38phosphorylation when assessed by Western blot analysis. A class of pyrimidyl imidazoles that selectively inhibits p38activity has been identified. Our study showed that SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, decreases COX-2 protein and mRNAexpression levels in equine blood leukocytes pretreated with the inhibitor and stimulated for 4 hours with LPS (10 ng/ml).COX-1 protein and mRNA levels were not affected by either LPS stimulation or SB203580 treatment. This data providessupport for our hypothesis that p38 is essential in the regulation of COX-2 protein expression in equine blood leukocytesstimulated by LPS and may provide a suitable target for anti-inflammatory treatment of horses with endotoxemia.Mechanism of neurite formation during differentiation of CAD cellsMatt Blandford*, Maryline Paris, Daniel Szymanski, Ourania AndrisaniDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Agronomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, PurdueUniversity, West Lafayette, IN 47907How extracellular signals induce cytoskeletal changes that control cell morphogenesis is a basic biological questionthat is not well understood. Recently the Szymanski lab has discovered a signaling pathway in Arabidopsis plants thatincludes the WAVE complex, and the actin related protein (ARP) 2/3 complex. This cascade is an important regulator ofcytoskeletal organization that affects polarized growth and cell-cell adhesion. In neurons WAVE-ARP2/3 is expected to bean important pathway for actin filament nucleation during neuronal pathfinding. The WAVE-ARP2/3 pathway is activated bythe small GTPase Rac, but the mechanism by which Rac is activated is unknown. We hypothesize that an evolutionarilyconserved class of DOCK family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) activate Rac and WAVE-ARP2/3 in neuronsand this pathway plays a key role in neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth. To test this hypothesis we used an131
Page 1 and 2:
2006 MERCK/MERIALNATIONAL VETERINAR
Page 6 and 7:
3:00-3:30 pm BreakNovel therapy for
Page 8 and 9:
KEYNOTE SPEAKERRonald Veazey, D.V.M
Page 10 and 11:
Mini Symposium II:Fish Research: A
Page 12 and 13:
David G. Baker, D.V.M., M.S., Ph.D.
Page 14 and 15:
Konstantin G. Kousoulas, Ph.D.Profe
Page 16 and 17:
Joseph Francis, B.V.Sc., M.V.Sc., P
Page 18 and 19:
dogs with cancer, the potential rol
Page 20 and 21:
2006 MERCK/MERIALVETERINARY SCHOLAR
Page 22 and 23:
YOUNG INVESTIGATOR AWARD HONORABLE
Page 24 and 25:
Mammary epithelial-specific deletio
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28:
Variation in Q-Tract Length of the
Page 34:
Novel therapy for humoral hypercalc
Page 38:
ALTERNATE:Micron-scale membrane sub
Page 42 and 43:
ABSTRACT TITLES LISTED BY CATEGORY
Page 44 and 45:
19. A pilot study of cigarette smok
Page 46 and 47:
36. Development of a murine in vitr
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
71. Identification and characteriza
Page 52 and 53:
85. Age and Gender Influence Ventil
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
10. Preliminary estimation of risk
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
47. Osteoprotegerin and Receptor Ac
Page 64 and 65:
61. A Comparison of Interaction Pat
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
used to label avian heterophils for
Page 76 and 77:
obtained via analysis of time and d
Page 78 and 79:
0.71mg/dL; p=0.001). Values for hem
Page 80 and 81: mass and fecundity in prespawning w
Page 82 and 83: Equine Hoof Laminae Tissue Collecti
Page 84 and 85: Aspiration Pneumonia in DogsDavid A
Page 86 and 87: Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emis
Page 88 and 89: tyrosine phosphorylation is measure
Page 90 and 91: the gravid and non-gravid females t
Page 92 and 93: egulatory function as its ortholog,
Page 94 and 95: PATHOLOGY, TOXICOLOGY, AND ONCOLOGY
Page 96 and 97: Markers of Oxidative Stress in plas
Page 98 and 99: has been isolated from all samples
Page 100 and 101: Matrix metalloproteinase secretion
Page 102 and 103: Reproductive performance, neonatal
Page 104 and 105: control to determine the efficiency
Page 106 and 107: Enhancing the Quality and Reliabili
Page 108 and 109: grade II MCTs into groups with good
Page 110 and 111: Transcriptional Regulation of the I
Page 112 and 113: MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY (SESSIO
Page 114 and 115: colonization of the mutant and 6 re
Page 116 and 117: digestive tracts of these and other
Page 118 and 119: 100 pfu BRSV. The results show that
Page 120 and 121: Inhibition of Microneme Secretion i
Page 122 and 123: Adherent bacilli were present in th
Page 124 and 125: isolated to analyze cytokine gene e
Page 126 and 127: purified, viral RNA was extracted a
Page 128 and 129: The effects of co-engagement of TLR
Page 132 and 133: undifferentiated catecholaminergic
Page 134 and 135: the concept that the greater detoxi
Page 136 and 137: quantitative PCR using gene targets
Page 138 and 139: Rotenone Induced Dopamine Neuron De
Page 140 and 141: decrease in serum cortisol, with a
Page 142 and 143: and detrimental impacts on the brai
Page 144 and 145: actions of cells prior to embryo de
Page 146 and 147: Utilizing cDNA Subtraction to Exami
Page 148 and 149: expression in unilaterally pregnant
Page 150 and 151: Salmonella is increased. Poultry sa
Page 152 and 153: exports. The estimated prevalence o
Page 154 and 155: eeding grounds near Minnedosa, MB s
Page 156 and 157: (PBMC) were isolated using commerci
Page 158 and 159: 2006 MERCK/MERIALVETERINARY SCHOLAR
Page 160 and 161: Trainees acquire in-depth knowledge
Page 162 and 163: comparative pathology and/or resear
Page 164 and 165: Department of Veterinary Bioscience
Page 166 and 167: PhD, Director, Center for Comparati
Page 168 and 169: 2006 MERCK/MERIALVETERINARY SCHOLAR
Page 170 and 171: MICHIGAN STATEUNIVERSITYJames Crawf
Page 172: UNIVERSITY OFPENNSYLVANIALindsay Th
show all

2006 merck/merial - School of Veterinary Medicine - Louisiana State ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?