Literacy Trends in Pakistan - UNESCO Islamabad

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In the present day context, when paper and pencil are being replaced by the key board, calculators are performing mathematical functions andthe internet has become the source of information, there is every possibility that books may loose their relative value. This element whileincreasing the access of people to vast sources of knowledge, may hamper other equally important skills.Literacies of the FutureThe enormous range of potential applications for computers makes it likely that an element of re-definition willinevitably accrue in respect of what is understood by “basic literacy”. Familiarity with keyboards or other inputdevices could replace the pen or pencil, not as the most commonly available physical means of producing writtentexts, but tested in schools and other formal educational settings. Such shifts in the physical means of producing textare by no means unprecedented, but the advent of micro-computers is significant because their purchase and supportwill always entail relatively large expenditures (at least compared to pens and pencils) with the resulting scope forincreased national and international disparities in access to the new variants of literacy.UNESCO, 1990, “ The Future of Literacy and Literacies of the Future” , in Literacy Lessons, IBE, UNESCO Geneva/France , page .6.With this overview of definitions of literacy in mind, we now see as how it has been defined in Pakistan over a period of time.6
6. CHANGING DEFINITIONS OF LITERACY IN PAKISTANThe definition of literacy, in Pakistan, has evolved and improved since the first Census in 1951. The following table indicates the changingdefinitions of literacy.Table – 2Definitions and Status of Literacy in Different Census Years of PakistanYear ofDefinition of LiteracyAgeLiteracy rate (%)CensusgroupTotal Urban Rural1951 “One who can read a clear print in any language”. All Both Sexes 17.9Ages Female 13.91961 “One who is able to read with understanding a simple letter in Age 5 Both Sexes 16.9 34.8 10.6any language.”andaboveFemale 6.7 21.3 2.21972 “One who is able to read and write in some language withunderstanding.”Age10 andabove1981 “One who can read newspaper and write a simple letter.” Age10 andabove1998 “One who can read newspaper and write a simple letter, in anylanguage.Age10 andaboveBoth Sexes 21.7 41.5 14.3Female 11.6 30.9 4.7Both Sexes 26.2 47.1 17.3Female 16.0 37.3 7.3Both Sexes 43.92 63.08 33.64Female 32.02 55.16 20.097
Page 2 and 3: ContributorsDescription and Analysi
Page 4 and 5: Literacy Trends in PakistanUNESCO O
Page 6 and 7: Part I - An Analysis of Literacy Tr
Page 8 and 9: Part II Statistical Tables (Based o
Page 10 and 11: an education that includes learning
Page 12 and 13: district. This information on liter
Page 16 and 17: 7. FUNCTIONAL LITERACYThe definitio
Page 18 and 19: Middle Level (Level II)A) TARGET GR
Page 20 and 21: Table - 3Comparison of Pakistan wit
Page 22 and 23: Previous attempts made for the enha
Page 24 and 25: 11. CURRENT LITERACY SITUATION IN P
Page 26 and 27: Graph No. 1Growth of Literacy Rate
Page 28 and 29: Table 7 below indicates the highest
Page 30 and 31: Table 8Literacy Growth Rate Trends
Page 32 and 33: District has progressed from a very
Page 34 and 35: Table 11Districts in Various Litera
Page 36 and 37: 13.2 Public Expenditure on Primary
Page 38 and 39: lowest female literacy rate in Paki
Page 40 and 41: All this suggests that a considerab
Page 42 and 43: Graph No.4LITERACY RATE DIRECTLY EF
Page 44 and 45: 16. LITERACY AND NATIONAL PLAN OF A
Page 46 and 47: 17.1 Why has it been established?Th
Page 48 and 49: Table 16 - Focus Areas and Key Stra
Page 50 and 51: 17.5 Resource MobilizationThe Liter
Page 52 and 53: PART - IIStatistical Tables(Based o
Page 57: Table IILiteracy Rates (10 Years &
Page 62: Growth RateYearsAll Areas Urban Rur
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N.W.F.P.1972 15.50 23.10 4.701981 1
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Table VLiteracy Rates (10 Years & a
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Table VI-ADistrict-wise Rate (10 Ye
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Province/DistrictBoth Male Female B
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All Areas Urban RuralProvince/Distr
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Table VI-DDistrict-wise Rate of Lit
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Table VI-BDistrict-wise Rate of Lit
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Province/DistrictHyderabadBadinThat
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Province/DistrictKarachi SouthKarac
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All AreasUrbanRuralProvince/Distric
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Table VII-CDistrict-wise Rate of Li
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Table VII-BDistrict-wise Rate of Li
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IlliterateLiterate Matric & above D
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Illiterate Literate Matric & above
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Table VIII-BLinkage between Literac
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Illiterate Literate Matric & above
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Table VIII-DLinkage between Literac
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Table IX-ADistrict-wise Participati
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Province/District/ Population Schoo
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Table IX-DDistrict-wise i i Partici
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Table X-CDistrict-wise Participatio
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Province/District/ All Areas Urban
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Table X-DDistrict-wise Participatio
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ProvincelDistrictl All Areas Urban
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ProvincelDistrictl All Areas Urban
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BIBLIOGRAPHYAdam Curle. Planning fo
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Formulae used for Calculating the G
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Literacy Trends in Pakistan - UNESCO Islamabad

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