TurbSim User's Guide: Version 1.06.00 - NREL

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Figure 20. GPLLJ-model stable/neutral turbulence as a function of local stability and shearvelocitiesσv0.70 ≤ ≤ 0.98, (42)σuandσw0.52 ≤ ≤ 0.71. (43)σBy design, most of the LLLJP data was collected in the stable atmosphere. As a result, there wasnot enough data to create a model of the spectra in unstable flows. Instead, the GP_LLJ spectrafor unstable atmospheric conditions use the same equations as the SMOOTH model spectra inEq. (33) through Eq. (35). The one difference is that the GP_LLJ scales the spectra using thelocal u*values instead of the UStar input parameter. The GP_LLJ spectra for unstable flows arethus defined as2uu*SK( f ) = S2 K , SMOOTH ( f ) . (44)UStarWF_UPW: The <strong>NREL</strong> Wind Farm, Upwind ModelThe WF_UPW wind-farm model is based on measurements taken from a 50-m tower upwind ofa large wind plant in San Gorgonio Pass, California. The spectra were calculated using 50-Hzwind-speed measurements from a three-axis sonic anemometer located 23 m above the ground.The parameters for spatial coherence were calculated using measurements from 5-Hz cupanemometers and direction vanes located at 5 m, 10 m, 20 m and 50 m above ground level.Please refer to Kelley [5] for details of the model development and Kelley and Wright [31] forfurther details on the measurements.36
For neutral and stable flows, the WF_UPW spectra are defined by adding scaled versions of theSMOOTH-model spectra, using Eq. (39). All of the wind components use two spectral peaks(NumPeaks K = 2, K = u, v, w) and each of the scaling factors piK , and FiK , are functions ofRICH_NO. Figure 21 shows the standard deviations for the three wind components and the ratiosbetween the components’ standard deviations.For unstable flows, the WF_UPW model modifies the SMOOTH-model low- and highfrequencypeaks, using Eq. (40). The scaling factors p1,K , p2,K , F1,K , and F2,K are functions ofthe RICH_NO parameter. The resulting standard deviations are similar to those of the unstableSMOOTH model, but scaled by the p1,K and p2,K terms.WF_14D: The <strong>NREL</strong> Wind Farm, Downwind Model (14 Rotor Diameters)The WF_14D wind-farm model is based on measurements taken on a 50-m tower downwind of a41-row wind plant in San Gorgonio Pass, California. The tower was approximately 14-rotordiametersdownwind of the plant, which consisted of 23-m hub-height Micon 65/13 machineswith 16-m rotor diameters.The spectra were calculated using 50-Hz wind-speed measurements from a three-axis sonicanemometer located 23 m above the ground. The parameters for spatial coherence werecalculated using measurements from 5-Hz cup anemometers and direction vanes located at 5 m,10 m, 20 m, and 50 m above ground. The development of this model is described by Kelley [5],and the measurements are discussed further in Kelley and Wright [31].For neutral and stable flows, the WF_14D spectra are defined by adding scaled versions of theSMOOTH-model spectra, also using Eq. (39). All wind components use two spectral peaksFigure 21. WF_UPW-model stable/neutral turbulence as a function of RICH_NO: left: standarddeviation normalized by UStar, right: relationships between components’ standard deviations37
Page 4 and 5: AcknowledgementsTurbSim was written
Page 6 and 7: Table of ContentsAcknowledgements .
Page 8 and 9: List of FiguresFigure 1. TurbSim si
Page 10 and 11: Figure G-6. Unstable velocity spect
Page 12 and 13: Buhl added the ability to generate
Page 14 and 15: “CertTest.bat” and set the envi
Page 16 and 17: TurbSim assumes that parameters are
Page 18 and 19: parameter RICH_NO) is greater than
Page 20 and 21: UsableTime: Usable Time Series Leng
Page 22 and 23: however, because AeroDyn—in its i
Page 24 and 25: Figure 8. Coherent turbulent kineti
Page 26 and 27: Figure 9. Default jet wind speed fo
Page 28 and 29: ⎛1000⎞θ = T ⎜ ⎟⎝ p ⎠0.
Page 30 and 31: The three α variables are coeffici
Page 32 and 33: IncDec2: Spatial Coherence for the
Page 34 and 35: Table 8. Valid CTEventFile EntriesI
Page 36 and 37: files a “.bin” extension. At ea
Page 38 and 39: generated for the FF Bladed-style
Page 40 and 41: Spectral ModelsTurbSim uses a modif
Page 42 and 43: K( )S f = UStar2s1, K⎛ z ⎞⎛φ
Page 44 and 45: NWTCUP: The NREL National Wind Tech
Page 48 and 49: (NumPeaks K = 2, K = u, v, w) and e
Page 50 and 51: Cohi,j( f )iiSij( f )( ) ( )= , (49
Page 52 and 53: where u( z ) is the mean wind speed
Page 54 and 55: atmosphere. To obtain more events w
Page 56 and 57: See Appendix H in this document for
Page 58 and 59: • The statistics calculated in th
Page 60 and 61: References[1] Laino, D. J.; Hansen,
Page 62 and 63: [28] Olesen, H.R.; Larsen, S.E.; H
Page 64 and 65: Appendix B: TurbSim Quick-Start Gui
Page 66 and 67: Appendix C: Flow ChartsTurbSim Inpu
Page 68 and 69: TurbSim InputFileTurbine/Model Spec
Page 70 and 71: TurbSim InputFileMeteorologicalBoun
Page 72 and 73: TurbSim Input FileDefault Input Val
Page 74 and 75: Appendix D: Full-Field TurbSim Bina
Page 76 and 77: Appendix E: Full-Field Bladed-Style
Page 78 and 79: Appendix F: Tower Data Binary File
Page 80 and 81: Appendix G: Velocity Spectra Compar
Page 82 and 83: Default UStar (m/s)SMOOTH 0.644NWTC
Page 84 and 85: Default UStar (m/s)SMOOTH 0.656NWTC
Page 86 and 87: Appendix H: Sample AeroDyn Coherent

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