Afghanistan's Fourth National Report to the Convention on ...

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On 13 April 2006, NEPA and MoAIL, with <strong>the</strong> assistance of UNEP, submitted a proposalfor Global Environment Facility (GEF) Biodiversity Enabling Activity assistance fordevelopment of <strong>the</strong> NBSAP, as well as <strong>the</strong> First and Second <strong>National</strong> <strong>Report</strong>s. To meet<strong>the</strong> requirements of <strong>the</strong> recently instituted Resource Allocation Framework (RAF) system,<strong>the</strong> Direc<strong>to</strong>r General of NEPA sent a re-endorsement letter on 7 July 2006, but it appearsthat GEF declined <strong>to</strong> reconsider <strong>the</strong> proposal at that time. Recent correspondence (late2008) indicates that <strong>the</strong> proposal will need <strong>to</strong> be resubmitted in 2009.NEPA has requested funding from <strong>the</strong> Ministry of Finance for <strong>the</strong> Afghan year 1388(March 2009 - March 2010) <strong>to</strong> develop an interim biodiversity strategy which would allowreporting <strong>to</strong> Parliament on actions being undertaken <strong>to</strong> comply with <strong>the</strong> EL. The USAIDfundedECODIT Biodiversity Support Program (BSP), in cooperation with UNEP andWCS, will be supporting NEPA in this process by hiring a short-term international technicaladvisor.The longer-term intention remains <strong>to</strong> secure GEF Biodiversity Enabling Activity assistance<strong>to</strong> support development of <strong>the</strong> NBSAP <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> standards of CBD.2.1.2. <strong>National</strong> Capacity Needs Self Assessment for Global EnvironmentalManagement (NCSA)/ <strong>National</strong> Adaptation Programme of Action for ClimateChange (NAPA) projectsThe NCSA and NAPA projects have been <strong>the</strong> only planning initiatives undertakenspecifically <strong>to</strong> address <strong>the</strong> CBD. The implementation of <strong>the</strong>se GEF-funded enablingactivity projects, which were finalized in late 2008, was undertaken by NEPA with strongtechnical and operational support from UNEP.The NCSA objective was <strong>to</strong> assess Afghanistan’s capacities and capacity needs <strong>to</strong> meet<strong>the</strong> obligation of three conventions: Framework <strong>Convention</strong> on Climate Change(UNFCCC), <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity (CBD) and <strong>Convention</strong> <strong>to</strong> CombatDesertification (UNCCD). The objective of <strong>the</strong> NAPA was <strong>to</strong> develop a programme ofaction <strong>to</strong> adapt <strong>to</strong> climate change through assessing vulnerability and identifying priorityadaptation measures. The two projects were designed in such a way that <strong>the</strong>irimplementation was conducted jointly. Afghanistan was <strong>the</strong> first country in which this newapproach was attempted.2.1.2.1. NCSA Assessment of Capacity Needs <strong>to</strong> Implement <strong>the</strong> CBDA Biodiversity and Wetlands Working Group was organized by UNEP and carefullyconsidered Afghanistan’s approach <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> CBD. The Final Thematic <strong>Report</strong> of <strong>the</strong>Biodiversity and Wetlands Working Group (UNEP 2008a) is <strong>the</strong> only attempt <strong>to</strong> develop acomprehensive Afghan approach <strong>to</strong> implementing <strong>the</strong> CBD. The process also produced anational biodiversity assessment describing Afghanistan’s biodiversity (UNEP 2009).These two reports provide lists of priority actions <strong>to</strong> implement <strong>the</strong> CBD. These lists arelargely overlapping and supportive.The Final Thematic <strong>Report</strong> (UNEP 2008a) suggests 8 priority actions:1. Participate fully in activities of <strong>the</strong> CBD;2. Develop a Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Afghanistan;3. Determine <strong>the</strong> status of Afghanistan’s biodiversity;4. Establish a system of protected areas;5. Establish a CITES permitting system;6. Enhance public awareness about biodiversity and sustainable use;Afghanistan’s <strong>Fourth</strong> <strong>National</strong> <strong>Report</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity30 March, 200912
7. Establish community-based management of forests, rangelands and wetlands;and8. Understand and utilize traditional practice and knowledge of conservation andsustainable use.The biodiversity assessment (UNEP 2009) identifies 11 priority actions:1. Establish priority and feasible protected areas as legally recognized andeffectively managed entities;2. Develop a protected areas system plan for Afghanistan designed <strong>to</strong> protectrepresentative areas of high biodiversity in all major ecoregions;3. Survey all wetlands and potential protected areas listed in this document <strong>to</strong>determine current status and suitability for inclusion in<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> protected areassystem plan;4. Initiate a national Red-Listing process for Afghan mammals with <strong>the</strong> technicalassistance of IUCN, incorporating targeted surveys <strong>to</strong> establish current status ofpriority species;5. Encourage national and international scholars <strong>to</strong> develop a comprehensive floraof Afghanistan;6. Develop effective plans <strong>to</strong> intervene in <strong>the</strong> destruction of <strong>the</strong> remaining monsoondependentforests of eastern Afghanistan;7. Develop effective plans for preserving and recovering remnant pistachio andjuniper forests in nor<strong>the</strong>rn Afghanistan;8. Develop programs <strong>to</strong> preserve native Afghan landraces of crop plants andlives<strong>to</strong>ck;9. Improve <strong>the</strong> capacity of government institutions <strong>to</strong> effectively manage biodiversity;10. Increase public awareness of biodiversity and its value <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Afghan people; and11. Develop a <strong>National</strong> Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for Afghanistan.2.1.2.2. NCSA Assessment of Capacity Needs <strong>to</strong> Implement <strong>the</strong> UNCCDA Desertification, Rangeland and Water Resources Working Group was organized <strong>to</strong>review activities undertaken by Afghanistan <strong>to</strong> comply with <strong>the</strong> UNCCD and identifyrelated priority capacity needs and opportunities for capacity development at individual,organizational and systemic levels.The Final <strong>Report</strong> for <strong>the</strong> Desertification, Rangeland and Water Resources Working Group(UNEP 2008c) identified eight areas as being priority for <strong>the</strong> implementation of UNCCD inAfghanistan:1. Participate in UNCCD and creation and enhancement of enabling environment;2. Establish drought early warning systems that include long-term moni<strong>to</strong>ring andassessment of desertification;3. Develop local, drought and salt resistant crops;4. Streng<strong>the</strong>n food security systems and rural livelihoods through improved naturalresource use and management;5. Develop and implement rangeland management systems;6. Efficient use of energy resources and development alternatives <strong>to</strong> wood-basedenergy resources;7. Raise levels of education and public awareness about desertification, drought andsustainable land management; and8. Streng<strong>the</strong>n existing relevant legislation and ensure that desertification is an issueconsidered by national level policy makers.Afghanistan’s <strong>Fourth</strong> <strong>National</strong> <strong>Report</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity30 March, 200913
Page 4: Executive SummaryThis report compri
Page 7 and 8: • Write a NBSAP for Afghanistan i
Page 9 and 10: 3.1. AFGHANISTAN’S BIODIVERSITY L
Page 13 and 14: IntroductionIn April 2002,
Page 15 and 16: status in Afghanistan for which we
Page 17 and 18: number of assumptions, as much as h
Page 19 and 20: appears to be a co
Page 21 and 22: declining population for th
Page 23: The oak forests of Paktiya and Khos
Page 27 and 28: institutional, legal and human capa
Page 29 and 30: 2.2.3. Wildlife Conservation Societ
Page 31 and 32: people understand the</stro
Page 33 and 34: The policies are addressing how cha
Page 35 and 36: • Article 41 states that
Page 37 and 38: ecognize the role
Page 39 and 40: 3.2.4. National En
Page 41 and 42: • UNFCCC Focal Point NEPA• Ozon
Page 43 and 44: SEA’s mission is protection of <s
Page 45 and 46: Afghanistan is not a Party
Page 47 and 48: the individual, or
Page 49 and 50: Estada, although nobody has reporte
Page 51 and 52: • Figure 6. Trend in Afghanistan
Page 53 and 54: 4.1.8. Goal 8. Maintain capacity of
Page 55 and 56: • SCAPoWPA funding to</st
Page 57 and 58: Convention.4.2. Ev
Page 59 and 60: Literature CitedBai Z.G., Dent D.L.
Page 61 and 62: Morarjee, R. and S. Fidler. 2007. F
Page 63 and 64: UNEP-WCMC. 2009. UNEP-WCMC Species
Page 65 and 66: Process of Preparation of N
Page 67 and 68: Appendix II: furthe</strong
Page 69 and 70: Journal of Biology 19: 269-76.9.
Page 71 and 72: 25. Lapparent, A. F. 1966. Les dép
Page 73 and 74: 22. Finn, F. 1896. List of
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Afghanistan. 119-64.64. Nogge, G. 1
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Unpubl. rpt.Dasht-i- Nawar1. Breckl
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5. ———. 1973. Reorganization
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Sci. Nat. Brun. 12: 1-45.25. Nalban
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UenoKyoto: Kyo<str
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Scientific Expedition to</s
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28. Habibi, K. "The vertebrate faun
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64. ———. 1966. Zur Ernährung
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100. Tokuda, M. 1966. On a vole and
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22. Schaller, G. B., and A. Kang. 2
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31. ———. 1971. Ist Diarthron
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(Contribution to <
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98. Lapparent, A. F. de. 1962. Obse
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(contributions to
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Afghanistan.Asian Development Bank
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23. Steven C. Anderson, S. C., and
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24. ———. 1968. The wildfowl a
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1.1.5 …complete protected area sy
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1.4.2 Identify appropriate measurab
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As noted in Section 3.3.2., several
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3.1.11 Cooperate with neighbouring
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3.5.1 Establish or strength
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(ii) A preliminary assessment of <s
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Appendix IV: National</stro
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Prionailurus bengalensis Leopard Ca
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Psittacula eupatria Alexandrine Par
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Table 2. Summary of listings for Af
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Table 4. Afghan languages at risk f
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Figure 2. Afghanistan’s major bio
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Figure 4. Status of WWF ecoregions
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Afghanistan's Cons
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Afghanistan's Bioc
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