Atomization - Graco Inc.

Fluid Properties Affecting the SprayA variety of factors affect droplet size and how easily a stream of liquid atomizes after emergingfrom an orifice. Among these factors are fluid properties of surface tension, viscosity, and density.Surface TensionSurface tension tends to stabilize a fluid, preventing its breakup into smaller droplets. Everythingelse being equal, fluids with higher surface tensions tend to have a larger average droplet size uponatomization.ViscosityA fluid’s viscosity has a similar effect on droplet size as surface tension. Viscosity causes the fluid toresist agitation, tending to prevent its breakup and leading to a larger average droplet size. Figure 4represents the relationship among viscosity, droplet size, and when atomization occurs.ViscosityLowMediumHigh05018Figure 4 Viscosity, droplet size, and when atomization occursDensityDensity causes a fluid to resist acceleration. Similar to the properties of both surface tension andviscosity, higher density tends to result in a larger average droplet size.®Atomization 5