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PhD thesis in English

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ContentsNomenclaturexviii1 Introduction 11.1 Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Few basic facts on Bose-E<strong>in</strong>ste<strong>in</strong> condensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2.1 Non<strong>in</strong>teract<strong>in</strong>g bosonic gas <strong>in</strong> the harmonic trap . . . . . . . . 31.2.2 Experimental realization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.2.3 Interact<strong>in</strong>g bosons at low temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.3 This <strong>thesis</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Properties of quantum systems viadiagonalization of transition amplitudes 192.1 Space-discretized Schröd<strong>in</strong>ger equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222.2 Discretization effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.3 Effective actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.4 Numerical results for one-dimensional models . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362.5 Numerical results for two-dimensional models . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472.6 Conclusions and outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553 Thermodynamics of a rotat<strong>in</strong>g ideal BEC 573.1 Numerical calculation of energy eigenvalues and eigenstates . . . . . . 623.2 F<strong>in</strong>ite number of energy eigenvalues and semiclassical corrections . . 663.3 Global properties of rotat<strong>in</strong>g BECs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703.3.1 Condensation temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703.3.2 Ground-state occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743.3.3 Comparison with semiclassical approximation . . . . . . . . . 753.4 Local properties of rotat<strong>in</strong>g BECs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 773.4.1 Density profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77xv

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