CHE REFERENCE LIBRARY - ZetaTalk

136 THE NURXERY-MANUALextends only part way about the stem, a,s in the illustration,the operation is sometimes known as wrlrl,~-l,u.~~(JI!1S. Whenit extends entirely round the stem it is called Gq- or a.n?z?clarbudding.Flute-buddin g is usually performed late in spring.It is best adapted to plants with very thick and heavy bark.The bud is tied and afterwards treated in essentially the sameway as in shield-budding. A species of flute-budding in whicha ring of bark is slipped down on the tip of a shoot,which has been girdled for the purpose, is calledwhistle-or 2(%il~lIIar-bll,~~i~illg.Chip-budding (Fig. 151) inserts a chip of bark andwood into a mortise in the stock. It is used inspring, when the stock is dormant and the bark doesnot slip. The bud is held in p&e by tying, and itis better for being covered with wax.3. IiR.WTINGGrafting is the operation of inserting a cion (orscion) - or a twig comprising one or more buds -into the stock, usually into an incision in the wood.It is variously divided or classified, but chieflyFIG. 151.Chip-bud- with reference to the position on the plant, and toding. the method in which the cion and stock are joined.In reference to position, there are four general classes :1. Root-graftin,, v in which the stocak is entirely a root,. 2. Crowngrafting,011 the crown or collar of the plant just at the surfaceof the ground, an operation often confounded with root-grafting.3. Stem-grafting, in which the eion is set on the trunk or bodyof the tree below the limbs, a method occasionally employedwith young trees. 3. Top-grafting, in the branches of thetree top.Any method of inserting the cion may be employed in thesectlasses. The best classification, particularly for purposes of