CHE REFERENCE LIBRARY - ZetaTalk

illust,ration of an old tree just top-grafted. Many stubs shouldbe set, and at least Al the prominent branches should be graftedif the tree has been well-trained. It is better to have too manystubs and to be obliged to remove some of them in after years,t.han to have too few. In thick-topped trees, care must beexercised not t,o cut out so much foliage the first year that theintler branches will su~bur11. All large branches which mustbe s;kfkrd ought to lrc cut out when the grafting is perfornlcd,as the?. increase in dkrneter very rapidly after sohiucli of the top is removed.’ A horizontal branch lying directly over or under anotherFIG. 177. Sbowirzg the upright direct,ion of a graft in a horizontal limb.should not be qxfted, for it is the habit of grafts to growupright rather than horizontal in the direction of the originalbranch ; 4 it is well to split all stubs on such branches horizontally,that one cion may not stand directly under another.The habit of growth of the cion is well shown in Fig. 177,illustrating the form a,nd direction of the original branch,and the yearling grafts. It is evident, therefore, that a topgraftedtree is narrower and denser in top than was the tree