CHE REFERENCE LIBRARY - ZetaTalk

THE NURSERY-LIST 323In vineyards, layering is often employed for the purpose offill mg vacancies. .A strong cane is left, without pruning, on aneighborin, (r \-ine in the same row, and in the spring the end of it islaid down in tl~ L’Want place. The vine is covered about a halffoot deep, and the free end of it is turned up perpendicularly out ofthe earth and tied to a stake. I3y fall or the following spring thelayer should be suflicirntly rooted to allow the parent cane to becut away.Grern-layering is sornctimes practiced on new and scarcevarieticbs, Ijut strong plants are not obtained unless they are wellI~~lled by- forctbful culture aft,er they are separated. The growing(211x is la>.ered in midsummer, usually by serpentine layering.C’llttings are usually employed by nurserymen to propagate thegral,t’. Thc~ arc of many fashions. In all ordinary eases hardnwn(lcuttings arc ma&~ from the ripened ‘canes in autumn orwinkr whchn the vines are pruned. It is advisable to ta.ke thecuttings before the canes have been exposed to great cold. Chooseonly those wws that are well matured, solid and rather shortjointed.In common practice, the cuttings are made in two-budltingths, tlltb Lowe cut. Ix+ng close to the bud. The cuttings willrange from tj to 10 inches in length. Some prefer three-budcuttings [Fig. w), but unless the cane is very short-jointed,such cnttings arc too long to be planted and handled economically.Thrt~c4rtcl cuttings usually. give stronger plants the firstseason, l~cau~ roots start. from both joints as a rule.\‘ery strong plants are obtaineb(l from mallet cutt.ings (Fig. loo),but as only ant- ~1~211 cutting c’an be mutlt~ from a cane, unless tht:cane bcaars vcnr?- strong ljranches, they ;~re not much used. Variousmethu(l5 of petbling, slitting and slicin, (r cuttings are recommended,in ordtbr to estencl thy callusing process, but they are not used inc’ommun or cxmim~~rcL1 practice.Grape cllttings arc, tied in bundlrs of 50 or 100, and stored insand, moss or xtw(lust. in a cellar, until spring, when they areplanted in rows in the open. borne varieties, of which the Delawareis an t~~~nple, rlo not. strike readily from cuttings. Somegrowers start c’on~mon cuttings of these under glass in spring.Others brq~. tilt* t)uncllr3 of cuttings in a warm exposure in autumn,with the butt entl-; up and about level with the surface of the ground.This is s~1pposc~1 to induce callusing. (See page 87.) At theapproach of colt1 weatller tile cuttings are removed to a cellar, orare ilt~avii~~ ~d&d and allowed to remain where buried. Storing