Dr. Charles Metelka - University of Wisconsin-Stout

Supply-led rather than a market driven industry. Furthermore, there are various reasons
due to which tourism policy implementation has not occurred and these include:
• Pakistan is a Muslim country where Islamic traditions and practices are strictly
adhered to and that establishes many social constraints on foreign tourists
including the absence of entertainment contents such as alcohol, nightlife or the
dressing in western clothes especially for women. Moreover, the strict codes of
conducts are so rigid that even foreign Pakistanis residing abroad find it difficult to
travel within the country with ease and comfort .Due to these social pressures, lot
of integrated tourism development and implementation cannot take place. (Tourism
development, 2005)
• The lack of promotional policies essential for promotion and marketing of
Pakistan as tourist destination through airlines, hotels, tour operators and other
intermediataries in foreign countries.
• The lack of integration between private and public sector which is a must for
effective planning, coordination and implementation oftourist plans, policies and
objectives in to action.
• Inadequate knowledge and training of tourism personnel such as tour operators,
guides and tour planners due to a lack of training schools and university courses
related to hospitality and tourism studies.
• Insecurity in Karachi city and other regions ofPakistan such as tribal areas
victimized by ethnic violence and killing of innocent foreign travelers and
professionals which ultimately create a negatives image ofthe destination
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