Guidelines for the Storage of Essential Medicines and Other Health ...

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kill microorganisms. Given these shortcomings, low-temperatureburning should be used only as a short-term solution.Burn and bury: Pit burning is a low-cost but relatively ineffectivemeans of waste disposal. A fence should surround the pitto prevent children, animals, and others from coming intocontact with the waste. The pit location should avoid walkingpaths (high-traffic areas). The fire, usually started with apetroleum-based fuel and allowed to burn, should be supervisedby designated staff and located down-wind of the facility andresidential areas. The low-temperature fire emits pollutants,and the ash and remaining material should be covered with10–15 cm of dirt.Other methods: In addition to the common methods, othermethods are used in some settings, including needle removal/needle destruction, melting syringes, steam sterilization(autoclaving and hydroclaving), and microwaving (withshredding).Managing health care waste is a comprehensive programthat requires support at all levels of the health care system.Staff involved in health care waste management must begiven training and support.88
Waste types not to be incinerated■■■■■■Pressurized gas containers.Large amounts of reactive chemical waste.Silver salts and photographic or radiographic wastes.Halogenated plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC).Waste with high mercury or cadmium content,such as broken thermometers, used batteries, andlead-lined wooden panels.Sealed ampoules or ampoules containing heavy metals.Source: Prüss A, Giroult E, Rushbrook P, editors. 1999. Safe Management ofWastes from Health-Care Activities. Geneva: World Health Organization.Pharmaceutical DisposalIt is very important to dispose of pharmaceuticals properlybecause there can be very negative consequences to improperdisposal. Improper disposal can result in—5■■■contaminated water suppliesthe diversion and resale of expired or inactive medicinesimproperly incinerated products, which can releasetoxic pollutants into the air.89
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in collaboration with theWorld Heal
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSSincere thanks go t
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4. Setting Up Your Medical Store ..
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Daily/Weekly■ Update stock record
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Receiving andArrangingCommodities11
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RECEIVING HEALTH COMMODITIESWhen yo
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ARRANGING COMMODITIESArrange the st
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■Arrange cartons so arrows point
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Following FEFO minimizes wastage fr
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System level: Items for different l
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different class, and is not always
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FLAMMABLESSome flammable liquids co
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CORROSIVESCorrosive or oxidant subs
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30Keeping Track ofProducts in YourS
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STOCK RECORDSThe minimal informatio
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34Stock records might also include
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Cyclic physical inventory canbe org
Page 38 and 39: % Update the stockkeeping records.
Page 40 and 41: 40Maintaining theQuality of YourPro
Page 42 and 43: Lubricated latex products- sticky p
Page 44 and 45: PREVENTING DAMAGING AND CONTAMINATI
Page 46 and 47: locally available detergents, parti
Page 48 and 49: ■■■■■Strictly prohibit sm
Page 50 and 51: Be sure medical store staff are tra
Page 52 and 53: PROTECTING AGAINST PESTSPrevention
Page 54 and 55: Strategies for specific pestsRodent
Page 56 and 57: Termites/structural pests: There ar
Page 58 and 59: 58Circulation: Use a fan to circula
Page 60 and 61: ■■Keep the storeroom well venti
Page 62 and 63: Power supplyArrange for a solar pan
Page 64 and 65: Medicines with stability problems u
Page 66 and 67: In health centers■ Lock the store
Page 69 and 70: Setting Up YourMedical Store69
Page 71 and 72: CONSTRUCTING A MEDICAL STOREWhen co
Page 73 and 74: DESIGNING A MEDICAL STOREConsider t
Page 75 and 76: Ventilation: The location and desig
Page 77 and 78: Cupboards: Provide cupboards for th
Page 79 and 80: ■■Pile empty pallets neatly and
Page 81 and 82: Waste Management81
Page 83 and 84: CONSIDERING WASTE MANAGEMENTStorage
Page 85 and 86: Other hazardous medical waste: Wast
Page 87: Medium-temperature incinerators, co
Page 91 and 92: CATEGORY DISPOSAL METHODS COMMENTSC
Page 93 and 94: Bibliography93
Page 95: BIBLIOGRAPHYAppropriate Health Reso
Page 98 and 99: 98Annexes
Page 100 and 101: Pallets and Pallet RacksAdvance Sto
Page 102 and 103: ANNEX 2: SUGGESTED READINGMost of t
Page 104 and 105: AHRTAG. 1994. How to Manage a Healt
Page 106 and 107: Waste ManagementSafe Management of
Page 108 and 109: Requisition and Issue Voucher(trans
Page 110 and 111: ANNEX 4: MEDICINE NAMESRemember tha
Page 112 and 113: From sq. centimeters to sq. inches:
Page 114: JOHN SNOW, INC.DELIVER1616 N. FORT
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