WRIA 30 - Klickitat County Home

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Klickitat River BasinWatershed Management Planthe Camas Prairie (Glenwood) area reflecting the abundance of shallow ground water in theregion. Substantial quantities of spring water discharge to local streams. This discharge isindicative of direct hydraulic continuity between shallow ground water (alluvium) and streams inthis portion of the Middle Klickitat Subbasin.Ground water production in the Little Klickitat River Subbasin occurs primarily from theWanapum Basalt and, north and west of Goldendale, from the younger Simcoe Volcanics.Several wells north and west of Goldendale produce ground water of excellent quality from theSimcoe Volcanics. Subsurface collection of spring discharge from the Simcoe Volcanicsprovides the City of Goldendale’s primary municipal water supply.As was previously discussed, the Swale Creek Subbasin is an alluvium-filled basin. Alluvialdeposits have filled the depression over an area measuring approximately three miles wide andeight miles long, with depths to bedrock along the axis of Swale Creek to greater than 250 feetnear Centerville. Ground water in this basin occurs within both the alluvial deposits and theunderlying Wanapum and Grande Ronde Basalts. The Warwick fault on the western margin ofthe Swale Creek Valley impedes westerly ground water flow within the alluvium and basaltaquifers, and thus impedes ground water contribution to the Swale Creek Canyon (west ofWarwick). This geologic control on ground water discharge is confirmed by low summersurface water flows and lack of any significant springs within Swale Creek Canyon.The Lower Klickitat Subbasin encompasses the area between Wahkiacus and the KlickitatRiver’s discharge to the Columbia River at Lyle. Ground water in this region is producedprimarily from the Wanapum Basalt. In the highlands west of the Klickitat River, ground wateris typically produced from shallow wells tapping the Wanapum Basalt, but yields are generallylow. In areas where the Klickitat River valley is wider, some shallow wells produce from recentalluvial gravels. Ground water in the alluvium is expected to have direct hydraulic continuitywith the river. Springs commonly discharge from the basalts along the walls of the KlickitatRiver valley in this subbasin. Wells drilled to depths of 200 to 300 feet in this area havehistorically flowed at the surface due to naturally occurring pressure. It is hypothesized that thisground water has migrated upward from deeper basalt zones via faults. The locations of springsadjacent to some streams in the subbasin indicate hydraulic continuity between ground water inthe Wanapum Basalt and surface waters of the subbasin.Little or no water quantity data are available for the High Prairie area, which is east of theKlickitat River in the Lower Klickitat Subbasin. High Prairie residents have expressed concernregarding the quantity and dependability of water supplies. Additional data and information areneeded.Within the Columbia Tributaries Subbasin, ground water is used primarily for municipal,domestic, and industrial supplies; the bulk of the irrigation and industrial water supply isobtained from the Columbia River. In the western half of the subbasin, springs discharging fromthe basalt provide small water quantities for domestic or stock-watering purposes. However,most of the ground water in this area is obtained from wells. Wells completed in close proximityto the Columbia River can be highly productive, owing largely to their direct hydraulicconnection with the river.Existing Conditions 18 May 3, 2005
Klickitat River BasinWatershed Management Plan2.7 WATER RIGHTS, WATER USE, FUTURE DEMAND, AND WATERAVAILABLE FOR ALLOCATION2.7.1 WATER RIGHTS, CLAIMS, AND APPLICATIONSA total of 59,577 acre-feet/year of water is allocated to 881 water right certificate and permitholders (Table 4). The vast majority (77 percent) of water allocated within the watershed is forirrigation use (Figure 5). Water rights allocated for municipal, domestic, commercial/industrial,heat exchange, and railway uses collectively make up an additional 22 percent of the totalallocation. Water rights allocated for stock watering, fire protection, fish propagation, andwildlife propagation collectively make up less than one percent of the total. The majority of thewater right certificates and permits are located in the Little Klickitat, Swale, and ColumbiaTributaries Subbasins (Figure 6).There are 1,178 claims in WRIA 30 for a total of 91,062 acre-feet of water per year (Table 4).The overwhelming majority of water claimed is for irrigation use. There are also 92 water rightapplications for new appropriations (ground water and surface water) pending in WRIA 30. Thecumulative rate of diversion/withdrawal encompassed by these applications is approximately1,170 acre-feet per year. The largest number of applications, but not necessarily the largestquantities requested, is for irrigation use. Annual quantities are determined during the permittingprocess and thus not recorded for applications.Table 4. Number of certificates and permits, claims, and applications for WRIA 30 and thecorresponding water volumes associated with those certificates, permits, claims, andapplications in acre-feet per year.Ground waterCertificates andPermitsSurface WaterCertificates andPermitsClaimsApplicationsNumber ac-ft/yr Number ac-ft/yr Number ac-ft/yr NumberUpper Klickitat 0 0 10 10 28 43300 0Middle Klickitat 6 487 188 699 278 44590 5Little Klickitat 181 18910 259 15136 182 1536 31Swale Creek 58 11632 7 27 273 15 22Lower Klickitat 15 217 67 3002 240 13 16Columbia Tributaries 61 7997 29 1468 177 1608 18Total 321 39243 560 20342 1178 91062 92Existing Conditions 19 May 3, 2005
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