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19017 Alkyl Halides and AminesWith CO2 (Carbonation of Grignard Reagents, RMgX)NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION OF RMg X TO CARBON DIOXIDEStep 1:The nucleophilic C in the Grignard reagent adds to the electrophilic C inthe polar carbonyl group, electrons from the C=O move to the electronegativeO creating an intermediate magnesium carboxylate complex.Step 2:This is the work-up step, a simple acid/base reaction. Protonation of thecarboxylate oxygen creates the carboxylic acid product from the intermediatecomplex.Quick Quiz1. What are organometallic compounds?2. Define protonation.3. What is formula of organolithium?4. How does RMgX reacts with CO2?5. Write the formula of Grignard Reagent.17.3 AMINES17.3.1 Nomenclature:1. Common System of NamingThe common names of amines are written by adding the suffix-amine to the name of alkylor aryl radicals.CH 3 CH 2 NH 2Ethyl amineCH 3 (CH 2 ) 3 CHCH 3NH 2Sec-hexyl amCH 3CHCH 3Iso-hexyl amine(CH 2 ) 3 NH 2 (a primary amine)CH 3CH 3NHDimethyl amine (a sec-amine
17 Alkyl Halides and Amines191Aniline, C6H5NH2 containing methyl group on the ring is called Toluidine. If there is somealkyl group substituted in –NH2 its name is represented by writing N-(alkyl group). It indicatesthat alkyl group is located on N-atom and not on the ring. It there are two substituent on N, it isrepeated twice,2. IUPAC System of NamingIn this system amino group is indicated by a prefix-amino followed by name ofhydrocarbons, the position of amino group is indicated by a number obtained by numbering thechain of hydrocarbon.Secondary and tertiary amines are named by using a compound prefix that includes thenames of all but the largest alkyl group.
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Textbook ofChemistryGrade 12
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OUR MOTTOStandards Outcomes Access
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CONTENTSNo. Chapter Name P. No.1314
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13 s and p - Block ElementsP [Ne] 3
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913 s and p - Block Elements(b) Phy
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13 s and p - Block ElementsArgonArg
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13 s and p - Block ElementsSulphurS
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13 s and p - Block ElementsThose ox
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13 s and p - Block Elements17Fig 13
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13 s and p - Block ElementsWith hot
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13 s and p - Block ElementsChlorine
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13 s and p - Block ElementsThe alum
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13 s and p - Block Elements13.1.6 H
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13 s and p - Block ElementsNotice t
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13 s and p - Block ElementsThe tabl
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13 s and p - Block ElementsIf the t
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13 s and p - Block ElementsRb red (
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I2I1 + I213 s and p - Block Element
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13 s and p - Block ElementsCalcium,
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13 s and p - Block ElementsThis is
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13 s and p - Block Elements9. Behav
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13 s and p - Block Elements13.4.2 T
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13 s and p - Block ElementsThis fir
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13 s and p - Block ElementsWe know
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13 s and p - Block ElementsCarbon a
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13 s and p - Block Elements51Quick
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13 s and p - Block ElementsIt has b
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13 s and p - Block Elements55Quick
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13 s and p - Block ElementsOpen-Hea
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13 s and p - Block Elementstoxicity
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13 s and p - Block Elementsviii. Wh
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13 s and p - Block Elements(c) Why
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14 d and f - block elements transit
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v14 d and f - block elements transi
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15 Organic Compounds15.1 SOURCES OF
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15 Organic Compounds1053. Melting a
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15 Organic Compounds107Quick Quiz1.
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15 Organic CompoundsNitrileMethyle
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15 Organic Compounds6. There is a g
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15 Organic Compounds113C) Detection
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15 Organic Compounds115iii. Which o
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16 Hydrocarbons11716.1 TYPES OF HYD
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16 Hydrocarbons119orororQuick Quiz1
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16 Hydrocarbons1213-Ethyl-2,3,5-tri
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16 Hydrocarbons123(b) Alkanes are n
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16 Hydrocarbons125II. CycloalkanesA
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16 Hydrocarbons127shown again below
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16 Hydrocarbons129Activity1. Name t
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16 Hydrocarbons1312. Dehydrohalogen
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16 Hydrocarbons133HydrationAddition
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16 Hydrocarbons135PolymerizationPol
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16 Hydrocarbons137benzeneconjugated
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Page 145 and 146: 16 Hydrocarbons143No geometrical is
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Page 151 and 152: 16 Hydrocarbons149terminal alkyne p
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Page 163 and 164: 16 Hydrocarbons161Explanation and E
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Page 169 and 170: 16 Hydrocarbons167On the other hand
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Page 173 and 174: 16 Hydrocarbons171Exercise1. The mo
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