Chemistry

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62iv.Why all group 1 metals have low ionization energies?v. Why do the group 1 metals show strong electropositive character?vi.vii.viii.ix.Why do group 1 metals show strong reducing properties?13 s and p – Block ElementsWhy different colours are imparted by the atoms of the group 1 metals to the flame?Why the elements of group 2 are called alkaline earth metals?Why do the group 2 earth metals have high melting and boiling points than alkalimetals?x. How do group 1 metals resemble with group 2 metals.xi.xii.xiii.xiv.xv.xvi.xvii.xviii.xix.xx.xxi.xxii.xxiii.How do group 1 metals differ form group 2 metals?Discuss the metallic and non-metallic character of group 4 elements.Discuss the general group trends of group 7 elements.Why the term halogen is used for group 7 elements?Why does fluorine differ from other members of its group?What is the structure of CO2 and SiO2 and why they differ?CO2 is a gas while SiO2 is a solid although C and Si belong to the same group?Explain why nitrates and carbonates of Li are not stable?Differentiate the behaviour of Li and Na with atmospheric oxygen.Alkali metal carbonates are more soluble that alkaline earth metal carbonates. Why?Explain why solubility of alkaline earth metal carbonates decrease down the group?Oxidising power of F2 is greater than I2. Why?HF is weak acid than HI. Why?xxiv. On what factors does the oxidising power of halogens depend?3. Give detailed answers for the following questions.i. (a) The pattern of first ionization energy and melting and boiling point is not smooth.Justify it.ii.iii.iv.(b) Why atomic radius increases in group and decreases along the period.(c) Describe the trends in reaction of period 3 elements with water.(d) The melting and boiling pints of the elements increase from left to right up to themiddle in period 3 elements and decrease onward. Why?Discuss the metallic oxides and silicon dioxide under the following headings:(i) Structures (ii) Melting and Boiling points(iii) Electrical conductivity.Discuss acid-base behaviour of (i) Aluminium oxide (ii) Sodium oxide(a) Why are different types of oxides formed as you go down the group?(b) How Beryllium differs from other members of its group?
13 s and p – Block Elements(c) Why is Beryllium chloride covalent and not ionic?v. (a) Why do some metals form peroxides on heating in oxygen?(b) Why do group 2 elements form nitrides on heating in air?(c) Discuss the trend in solubility of hydroxide of group 2 elements.vi. Discuss the trends in thermal stability of the carbonates and nitrates.vii. Explain with examples that Beryllium hydroxide in Amphoteric?viii. Explain the trends in oxidation states with suitable examples.ix. Discuss the inert pair effect in the:(i) formation of ionic bonds(ii) formation of covalent bondsx. Discuss in detail acid-base trend in group 4 oxides.xi. Explain in detail the trends in group 7 of following physical properties.(i) Electronegativity(ii) Electron affinityxii. (a) Why is the bond enthalpy of F-F less as compared to Cl-Cl and Br-Br?(b) Explain the order F>Cl>Br>I with respect to oxidizing agent/power.xiii. (a) Why is fluorine much stronger oxidising agent than chlorine?(b) HCl is strong acid as compared to HF. Why?63
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Textbook ofChemistryGrade 12
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OUR MOTTOStandards Outcomes Access
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CONTENTSNo. Chapter Name P. No.1314
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13 s and p - Block ElementsP [Ne] 3
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913 s and p - Block Elements(b) Phy
Page 13 and 14: 13 s and p - Block ElementsArgonArg
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Page 17 and 18: 13 s and p - Block ElementsThose ox
Page 19 and 20: 13 s and p - Block Elements17Fig 13
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Page 23 and 24: 13 s and p - Block ElementsChlorine
Page 25 and 26: 13 s and p - Block ElementsThe alum
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Page 31 and 32: 13 s and p - Block ElementsThe tabl
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Page 37 and 38: I2I1 + I213 s and p - Block Element
Page 39 and 40: 13 s and p - Block ElementsCalcium,
Page 41 and 42: 13 s and p - Block ElementsThis is
Page 43 and 44: 13 s and p - Block Elements9. Behav
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Page 51 and 52: 13 s and p - Block ElementsCarbon a
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Page 61 and 62: 13 s and p - Block Elementstoxicity
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Page 107 and 108: 15 Organic Compounds1053. Melting a
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Page 111 and 112: 15 Organic CompoundsNitrileMethyle
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15 Organic Compounds113C) Detection
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15 Organic Compounds115iii. Which o
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16 Hydrocarbons11716.1 TYPES OF HYD
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16 Hydrocarbons119orororQuick Quiz1
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16 Hydrocarbons1213-Ethyl-2,3,5-tri
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16 Hydrocarbons123(b) Alkanes are n
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16 Hydrocarbons125II. CycloalkanesA
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16 Hydrocarbons127shown again below
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16 Hydrocarbons129Activity1. Name t
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16 Hydrocarbons1312. Dehydrohalogen
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16 Hydrocarbons133HydrationAddition
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16 Hydrocarbons135PolymerizationPol
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16 Hydrocarbons137benzeneconjugated
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16 Hydrocarbons13916.6.2 Carbon-Bas
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16 Hydrocarbons141(+)Tartaric Acid:
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16 Hydrocarbons143No geometrical is
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16 Hydrocarbons1451) MetamerismThis
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16 Hydrocarbons147(b)(c)(d)(e)16.7.
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16 Hydrocarbons149terminal alkyne p
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16 Hydrocarbons151BrominationChlori
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16 Hydrocarbons153CumeneDisubstitut
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16 Hydrocarbons155These are two equ
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16 Hydrocarbons157Thus molecule of
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16 Hydrocarbons159(c) Addition of H
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16 Hydrocarbons161Explanation and E
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16 Hydrocarbons163SulfonationThe in
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16 Hydrocarbons165Friedel-Crafts Al
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16 Hydrocarbons167On the other hand
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16 Hydrocarbons169SOCIETY, TECHNOLO
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16 Hydrocarbons171Exercise1. The mo
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16 Hydrocarbons1732. How will you p
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17 Alkyl Halides and Amines175(ii)
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17 Alkyl Halides and Amines17.1.3.
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17917 Alkyl Halides and AminesThe e
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17 Alkyl Halides and AminesMechanis
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17 Alkyl Halides and Amines(5)(6)(7
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17 Alkyl Halides and AminesThe atta
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17 Alkyl Halides and Amines1871. Wh
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17 Alkyl Halides and Amines189CH 3I
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17 Alkyl Halides and Amines191Anili
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17 Alkyl Halides and AminesThis rea
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17 Alkyl Halides and AminesAlkylati
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17 Alkyl Halides and Amines197Key P
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17 Alkyl Halides and Aminesiv. Tert
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