GTZ Project Document No. 51 Report on Nahi Baseline Survey

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Nahi Baseline Survey April- May 20012.3.2 Importance to the Household incomeThe crop production is the most important activity and also the main source of income formost households in the valley. Irrespective of household and landholding size paddy isgrown by all households as the summer wetland crop followed by wheat, barley andmustard in winter. Almost all crops produced on the farm are retained for the householdconsumption and use.The cash resources are scarce on the farm therefore, often some farmers generate cashincome by selling some quantities of cereals to acquire the cash required for variousreasons like buying basic household necessities or for other payments (taxes, schoolexpenses, etc.). In most cases the cereal crops sold in the market are usually not thesurplus products but it is an adjustment into the money economy to acquire the neededcash for purchases or repayment of credits where kinds are unacceptable. Some of themost commonly traded farm and forest products, and commodities purchased from themarket by the households are briefly described under marketing section (Tables 2.12 and2.14).2.3.3 Problems in Crop productionA wide range of village wise problems in the crop production expressed by differentrespondents, (Table 2.8) are insufficient irrigation water, crop damage by wild animals,insects and diseases, labour shortage, etc.Table 2.8 Problems in Agricultural production as ranked by the farmersHebisa Esawom Esagom Nabisa Total TotalAgri- problems• R1 R2 R3 R4 R1 R2 R3 R4 R1 R2 R3 R1 R2 R3 R1 R2 R3 R4 ScoreInsufficientirrigation 9 3 3 1 4 1 1 9 4 1 10 2 1 32 9 6 2 50Labour shortage 4 7 1 1 2 3 4 4 1 2 2 2 11 15 7 0 33Crop damage bywild animals 9 9 3 4 6 5 10 3 8 12 26 37 6 0 69Crop damageinsects/diseases 2 6 1 2 3 3 7 1 5 16 22Drought 1 1 1Excess rain 1 1 2 2W/A attack onlivestock 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 5 9Livestockdiseases 2 2 2Lack of feed &fodder supply 1 5 1 1 6 7Shortage of land 1 1 2 2 3 3 2 4 9Limited accessto market 1 1 1 1 2 2 4Source: RNR Census 2001• R1=Rank 1, R2=Rank 2, etc. (W/A=Wild Animal)15
Nahi Baseline Survey April- May 2001The village wise overall problem ranking done by farmers presented (Table 2.8) and thescores received by different types of problems (Annexure 2.4), although with somevariation from village to village, clearly indicates the wild animals damage on crops asthe common major problem in the valley.The wild animals damage on crops remains the major problem followed by insufficientirrigation water, labour shortage and insect damage on crops respectively (Figure 2.4).The Table 2.9 presents the ranking of different wild animals based on the damagescaused by them on crops.Among wild animals, wild boar and deer are reported to be the most prominent animalscausing damages to the crops grown in the valley. As known to all, the wild boar problemis not localised to the valley nor it is today’s problem but it is a nationwide problem forthe last 15-20 years. This therefore, has led to a series of studies on wild boar problemconducted by Ministry of Agriculture through different institutions and organisations.However, till date no solutions are offered, and it is understood for long-term benefit anexploration and development of an appropriate solution is a necessity but in the processof exploration for the right measures the wild boar problem has almost become astalemate as an accepted common problem.Figure 2.4 Problem ranking based on farmers’ response300250253200195Scores1501001145250262917100Insufficint irrigationLabour shortageCrop damage by wild animalsCrop damage by insectWild animal attack on livestokLack of feed and fodderTypes of ProblemShortage of landLimited access to market16
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GTZ Project Document No. 51 Report on Nahi Baseline Survey

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