Programming in C

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arrays 507 functions, 122-123 declaring, 134-135 formal parameter name, 124 values, checking, 135-137 pointer arguments, passing, 254-257 sizeof operator, 385 argv argument, 380 arithmetic operators, 443-444 associative property, 30 binary, 30-33 division sign (/), 30-33 joining with assignment operators, 38-39 minus sign (-), 30-33 modulus (%), 35-36 More Examples with Arithmetic Operators (Program 4.3), 33-34 multiplication sign (*), 30-33 plus sign (+), 30-33 precedence, 30 rules example, 34 type cast, precedence rules, 38 unary minus, 33-34 Using the Arithmetic Operators (Program 4.2), 30-31 arithmetic right shift, 288 array of characters, Concatenating Character Arrays (Program 10.1), 196-198 array operators, 447-448 array_sum( ) function, 262-264 arrays characters, 108-109 memory functions, 472 const variable, 111-113 containment by structures, 187-189 declaring, 97-98 defining with unions, 376-377 dynamic memory allocation, 117 elements as counters, 100-103 initializing, 106-108 sequencing through, 96-100 Fibonacci numbers, generating, 103-104 function of, 95 functions, passing multidimensional arrays, 146-152 integer bases, conversion of, 109-111 multidimensional, 113-114, 433-434 initializing, 114-115 passing to functions, 146-152 multidimensional arrays, declaring, 114 passing to functions, 137-142 assignment operators, 142-143 pointers to, 259-260, 449-450 to character string, 266-267 decrement (--) operator, 262, 268 increment (++) operator, 262, 268 postdecrement operator, 269-271 postincrement operator, 269-271 predecrement operator, 269-271 preincrement operator, 269-271 program optimization, 263-264 sequencing through pointer elements, 261 prime numbers, generating, 104-106 programs Converting a Positive Integer to Another Base (7.7), 110-111 Demonstrating an Array of Counters (7.2), 101-103 Finding the Minimum Value in an Array (8.9), 138-140 Generating Fibonacci Numbers (7.3), 103-104 Generating Fibonacci Numbers Using Variable-Length Arrays (7.8), 115-117 Illustrating Structures and Arrays (9.7), 188-189 How can we make this index more useful? Email us at indexes@samspublishing.com
508 arrays Initializing Arrays (7.5), 107-108 Introducing Character Arrays (7.6), 108-109 Multidimensional Variable-Length Arrays (8.13A), 150-152 Revising the Function to Find the Minimum Value in an Array (8.10), 140-142 Revising the Program to Generate Prime Numbers,Version 2 (7.4), 105-106 Sorting an Array of Integers into Ascending Order (8.12), 144-146 Using Multidimensional Arrays and Functions (8.13), 147-150 Working with an Array (7.1), 98-100 sequencing through elements with pointers to arrays, 261 single-dimensional, 432-433 sorting, 143-146, 490-491 structures defining, 182 initializing, 183 Using the Dictionary Lookup Program (Program 10.9), 220-222 subscripts, 96 summing elements, 262-264 uses, 95 values, storing, 96 variable-length, 115-117, 433 variables, defining, 96-98 versus pointers, differentiating, 264-265 asin( ) function, 483 asinh( ) function, 483 Asking the User for Input (Program 5.4), 51-52 assemblers, 6 programs, compiling, 9 assigning structure values via compound literals, 181-182 assignment operators, 15, 142-143, 446 joining with arithmetic operators, 38-39 AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1 atan( ) function, 484 atan2( ) function, 484 atanh( ) function, 484 atof( ) function, 480 atoi( ) function, 230, 480 atol( ) function, 480 audible alert (\a) escape character, 216 auto keyword, 124-126, 156 auto_static( ) function, 157-158 automatic local variables, 156 functions, 124-126 B backslash (\\) escape character, 217 backspace (\b) escape character, 216 backtrace command (gdb debugger), 405 base notations, int data types, 23-24 bases, integers, converting via arrays, 109-111 basic data types C language specifications, 430-432 usual arithmetic conversion, 451-452 BASIC programming language, 10 beginning comments, character syntax, 18 binary arithmetic operators, 30-33 binary files, opening, 475 binary search algorithm, 223-227 bit fields, 292-294 declaring, 296 defining, 294-295 extracting values, 295 units, 296
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Programming in C Third Edition
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Programming in C Third Edition Step
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❖ To my mother and father ❖
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Table of Contents 1 Introduction 1
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Contents ix Character Arrays 108 Ba
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Contents xi Pointers to Functions 2
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Contents xiii 17 Miscellaneous and
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Contents xv 6.0 Storage Classes and
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Preface It’s hard to believe that
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Acknowledgements I wish to thank th
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1 Introduction THE C PROGRAMMING LA
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Introduction 3 terminology. It also
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6 Chapter 2 Some Fundamentals Highe
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8 Chapter 2 Some Fundamentals durin
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10 Chapter 2 Some Fundamentals the
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12 Chapter 3 Compiling and Running
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22 Chapter 4 Variables, Data Types,
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5 Program Looping IFYOU ARRANGE 15
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The for Statement 45 Program 5.2 Co
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The for Statement 47 When the loop_
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The for Statement 49 constitutes th
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The for Statement 51 The primary ch
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The for Statement 53 Nested for Loo
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The for Statement 55 Multiple Expre
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The while Statement 57 Program 5.6
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The while Statement 59 Program 5.7
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The do Statement 61 do program stat
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Exercises 63 Now that you are famil
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6 Making Decisions IN CHAPTER 5,“
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The if Statement 67 The program was
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The if Statement 69 would do the tr
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The if Statement 71 When writing pr
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The if Statement 73 To illustrate t
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The if Statement 75 Nested if State
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The if Statement 77 separate if sta
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The if Statement 79 Program 6.7 Con
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The if Statement 81 Program 6.8 Con
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The if Statement 83 Program 6.8A Co
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The switch Statement 85 if ( expres
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Boolean Variables 87 switch (operat
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Boolean Variables 89 “off,” its
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The Conditional Operator 91 Program
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Exercises 93 Exercises 1. Type in a
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7 Working with Arrays THE C LANGUAG
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Defining an Array 97 sequences thro
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Defining an Array 99 values [0] 197
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Defining an Array 101 proceeding wi
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Defining an Array 103 As a point of
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Defining an Array 105 the term “p
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Initializing Arrays 107 Arrays of c
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Character Arrays 109 The most notab
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Character Arrays 111 Program 7.7 Co
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Multidimensional Arrays 113 example
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Variable-Length Arrays 115 Pay part
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Exercises 117 than 1 or greater tha
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8 Working with Functions BEHIND ALL
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Defining a Function 121 appears.Thi
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Arguments and Local Variables 123 p
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Arguments and Local Variables 125 w
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Returning Function Results 127 defi
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Returning Function Results 129 In C
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Functions Calling Functions Calling
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Functions and Arrays 137 As you can
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Functions and Arrays 139 Program 8.
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Functions and Arrays 143 When you w
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Functions and Arrays 147 An entire
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Global Variables 153 In Program 8.1
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Global Variables 155 much improved
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Automatic and Static Variables 157
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Recursive Functions 159 Recursive F
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Recursive Functions 161 With the va
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Exercises 163 represents a quadrati
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9 Working with Structures CHAPTER 7
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A Structure for Storing the Date 16
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A Structure for Storing the Date 16
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Functions and Structures 171 end of
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Functions and Structures 173 Progra
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Functions and Structures 177 illust
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Initializing Structures 181 sets th
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Arrays of Structures 183 Initializa
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Structures Containing Structures 18
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Structures Containing Arrays 187 Na
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Structures Containing Arrays 189 Pr
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Exercises 191 struct date { int mon
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Exercises 193 previously.This funct
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196 Chapter 10 Character Strings Ar
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198 Chapter 10 Character Strings Th
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200 Chapter 10 Character Strings Pr
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202 Chapter 10 Character Strings ca
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204 Chapter 10 Character Strings Te
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208 Chapter 10 Character Strings In
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214 Chapter 10 Character Strings of
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216 Chapter 10 Character Strings Es
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218 Chapter 10 Character Strings co
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220 Chapter 10 Character Strings In
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224 Chapter 10 Character Strings No
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228 Chapter 10 Character Strings ca
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232 Chapter 10 Character Strings to
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11 Pointers IN THIS CHAPTER,YOU EXA
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Defining a Pointer Variable 237 Pro
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Using Pointers in Expressions 239 (
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Working with Pointers and Structure
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The Keyword const and Pointers 253
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Pointers and Functions 255 Program
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Pointers and Functions 257 You shou
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Pointers and Arrays 259 displayed.T
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Pointers and Arrays 261 To set text
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Pointers and Arrays 263 Program 11.
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Pointers and Arrays 265 eliminate t
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Pointers and Arrays 267 Program 11.
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Pointers and Arrays 269 just seen,
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Pointers and Arrays 271 Execution o
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Pointers to Functions 273 Program 1
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Pointers and Memory Addresses 275 m
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Exercises 277 8. Write a function c
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280 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits T
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282 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits W
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284 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits B
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286 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits w
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288 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits h
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290 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits I
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292 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits P
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294 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits o
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296 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits }
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298 Chapter 12 Operations on Bits a
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300 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor def
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302 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor By
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304 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor the
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306 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor els
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308 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor are
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310 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor ass
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312 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor The
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314 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor Sup
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316 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor Sys
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318 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor wan
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320 Chapter 13 The Preprocessor Exe
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322 Chapter 14 More on Data Types d
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324 Chapter 14 More on Data Types P
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326 Chapter 14 More on Data Types T
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328 Chapter 14 More on Data Types 4
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330 Chapter 14 More on Data Types F
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15 Working with Larger Programs THE
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Dividing Your Program into Multiple
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Communication Between Modules 337 v
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Communication Between Modules 339 S
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Communication Between Modules 341 U
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Other Utilities for Working with La
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Other Utilities for Working with La
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348 Chapter 16 Input and Output Ope
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374 Chapter 17 Miscellaneous and Ad
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390 Chapter 18 Debugging Programs P
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396 Chapter 18 Debugging Programs Y
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398 Chapter 18 Debugging Programs O
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400 Chapter 18 Debugging Programs L
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406 Chapter 18 Debugging Programs m
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408 Chapter 18 Debugging Programs A
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19 Object-Oriented Programming BECA
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Writing a C Program to Work with Fr
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Defining an Objective-C Class to Wo
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Defining an Objective-C Class to Wo
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Defining a C++ Class to Work with F
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Defining a C++ Class to Work with F
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Defining a C# Class to Work with Fr
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A C Language Summary THIS SECTION S
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3.0 Constants 427 3.0 Constants 3.1
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3.0 Constants 429 In the octal char
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4.0 Data Types and Declarations 431
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5.0 Expressions 439 As an example,
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5.0 Expressions 441 Table A.5 Conti
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5.0 Expressions 443 1. As the value
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5.0 Expressions 445 The usual arith
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5.0 Expressions 447 5.11 sizeof Ope
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5.0 Expressions 449 Pointers to Arr
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5.0 Expressions 451 Types other tha
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6.0 Storage Classes and Scope 453 T
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7.0 Functions 455 int printf (char
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Page 484 and 485: 9.0 The Preprocessor 463 produces p
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Page 488 and 489: B The Standard C Library THE STANDA
Page 490 and 491: Standard Header Files 469 This hea
Page 492 and 493: String Functions 471 char *strerror
Page 494 and 495: I/O Functions 473 Character Functio
Page 496 and 497: I/O Functions 475 FILE *fopen (file
Page 498 and 499: I/O Functions 477 size_t fwrite (bu
Page 500 and 501: String-to-Number Conversion 479 int
Page 502 and 503: Dynamic Memory Allocation Functions
Page 504 and 505: Math Functions 483 int islessequal
Page 506 and 507: Math Functions 485 double fma (x, y
Page 508 and 509: Math Functions 487 double remquo (x
Page 510 and 511: Math Functions 489 double complex c
Page 512: General Utility Functions 491 argum
Page 515 and 516: 494 Appendix C Compiling Programs w
Page 518 and 519: D Common Programming Mistakes THE F
Page 520 and 521: Common Programming Mistakes 499 7.
Page 522 and 523: E Resources THIS APPENDIX CONTAINS
Page 524 and 525: Miscellaneous 503 Visual Studio htt
Page 526 and 527: Index Symbols \’ (single quote) e
Page 530 and 531: C language 509 bits, 279 bit fields
Page 532 and 533: character strings 511 calculating a
Page 534 and 535: copying 513 Compiling the Debug Cod
Page 536 and 537: derived data types 515 breakpoint d
Page 538 and 539: file I/O operations 517 enumerated
Page 540 and 541: functions 519 formatted I/O operati
Page 542 and 543: functions 521 I/O, 473-478 fclose(
Page 544 and 545: grep utility 523 strncat( ), 471 st
Page 546 and 547: int data type 525 programs Calculat
Page 548 and 549: macros 527 llround( ) function, 486
Page 550 and 551: OOP 529 multiple source files, comp
Page 552 and 553: prime numbers 531 character string
Page 554 and 555: programs 533 bitwise operators, Ill
Page 556 and 557: eferencing defined values 535 synta
Page 558 and 559: statements 537 search methods binar
Page 560 and 561: summing array elements 539 string_l
Page 562 and 563: variable-length character strings 5
Page 564: Xcode 543 Introducing the while Sta
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