Hardware/Software Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction

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Minimum cover that is prime • Minimum # of inputs to AND gates • Prime implicant – Implicant not covered by any other implicant – Max-sized circle in K-map • Minimum cover that is prime – Covering with min # of prime implicants – Min # of max-sized circles – Example: prime cover vs. min cover • Same # of gates – 4 vs. 4 • Less transistors – 26 vs. 28 a b c d K-map: minimum cover that is prime ab cd 00 01 11 10 00 01 11 10 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Minimum cover that is prime F=abc'd' + a'cd + b'cd Implementation F 1 4-input AND gate 2 3-input AND gates 1 4 input OR gate → 26 transistors Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 52
Minimum cover: heuristics • K-maps give optimal solution every time – Functions with > 6 inputs too complicated – Use computer-based tabular method • Heuristic • Finds all prime implicants • Finds min cover that is prime • Also optimal solution every time • Problem: 2 n minterms for n inputs – 32 inputs = 4 billion minterms – Exponential complexity – Solution technique where optimal solution not guaranteed – Hopefully comes close Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, (c) 2000 Vahid/Givargis 53
Page 1 and 2: Embedded Systems Design: A Unified
Page 3 and 4: Embedded systems overview • Embed
Page 5 and 6: Some common characteristics of embe
Page 7 and 8: Design challenge - optimizing desig
Page 9 and 10: Design challenge - optimizing desig
Page 11 and 12: Time-to-market: a demanding design
Page 13 and 14: Losses due to delayed market entry
Page 15 and 16: The performance design metric • W
Page 17 and 18: Processor technology • The archit
Page 19 and 20: General-purpose processors • Prog
Page 21 and 22: Application-specific processors •
Page 23 and 24: Full-custom/VLSI • All layers are
Page 25 and 26: PLD (Programmable Logic Device) •
Page 27 and 28: Graphical illustration of Moore’s
Page 29 and 30: The co-design ladder • In the pas
Page 31 and 32: Design productivity gap • 1981 le
Page 33 and 34: Summary • Embedded systems are ev
Page 35 and 36: Ch3. GPP: Software Summary • Gene
Page 37 and 38: Ch7. Digital Camera Example Summary
Page 39 and 40: Embedded Systems Design: A Unified
Page 41 and 42: Introduction • Design task - Defi
Page 43 and 44: Automation: synthesis • Early des
Page 45 and 46: Increasing abstraction level • Hi
Page 47 and 48: Gajski’s Y-chart • Each axis re
Page 49 and 50: Two-level minimization • Represen
Page 51: Minimum cover: K-map approach • K
Page 55 and 56: Example • Minimized 2-level logic
Page 57 and 58: Technology mapping • Library of g
Page 59 and 60: Integrating logic design and physic
Page 61 and 62: Behavioral synthesis • High-level
Page 63 and 64: System synthesis • Tasks (cont.)
Page 65 and 66: Temporal vs. spatial thinking • D
Page 67 and 68: Verification • Ensuring design is
Page 69 and 70: Simulation • Create computer mode
Page 71 and 72: Advantages over physical implementa
Page 73 and 74: Simulation speed • Relative speed
Page 75 and 76: Reducing precision/accuracy • Don
Page 77 and 78: Integrating GPP/SPP simulations •
Page 79 and 80: Emulators • General physical devi
Page 81 and 82: Reuse: intellectual property cores
Page 83 and 84: Advantages/disadvantages of hard co
Page 85 and 86: New challenges to processor provide
Page 87 and 88: New challenges to processor users
Page 89 and 90: Waterfall method • Not very reali
Page 91 and 92: General-purpose processor design mo
Page 93 and 94: Summary • Design technology seeks

Hardware/Software Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction

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