IRIAN JAYA, INDONESIA, and NEW ZEALAND

H42 SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF GLACIERS OF THE WORLD
Figure 12.-Oblique aerial photograph
looking northeast on 11 April 1978 of the
debris-covered and detached trunk of
Douglas Glacier, which terminates in a
rapidly expanding proglacial lake. Photo­
graph by Trevor J.H. Chinn, New Zealand
Geological Survey, film negative no. 7830.
Figure 13. Historic variations of the ter-
minus position of the Franz Josef Glacier
and associated events. 1907 A viewing
gallery giving access across a sheer rock
face above the northeast margin on the
snout was scraped off the rock face by this
small advance shortly after being built.
1930-1949 A proglacial lake formed but
soon filled with outwash gravels. The lake
was popular for boating until a large ice
block, held submerged by debris, released
its load and erupted through the lake sur­
face. 1965 During a heavy rainstorm in
December, the main subglacial channel
was apparently blocked beneath the
glacier snout, and the accumulated water
burst upward through the glacier to con­
tinue downvalley as a spectacular flood
wave of water and ice. There was some
damage but no casualties. 1984 A shelter
hut, built in 1981 for visitors helicoptered
to the inaccessible southwest edge of the
glacier snout, was knocked off of its foun­
dation by a large ice block that fell from the
glacier front, which was advancing at the
rate of a meter per day. The hut was re­
moved from the site, which now remains
well under the glacier.
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