Beginning Drupal 8

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Chapter 3 Creating and Managing Users Now that your site is up and running, you have a couple of decisions to make. First, will you have any administrators on the site other than yourself? Second, will your site be open to everyone, or will users need to log in to view content and other features? In this chapter, I cover how Drupal treats visitors to your site, and how you as a site administrator can configure Drupal’s user account features to restrict the capabilities of those who have user accounts on your system. Users, Roles, and Permissions Controlling who has the ability to do what on your website is performed through Drupal’s security features. Drupal’s security features provide the ability to define who has the ability to view, create, update, delete, and participate through a combination of individual user accounts, user roles, and permissions. Users (or site visitors) in Drupal 8 are divided into two general categories: anonymous users and authenticated users. Anonymous users are individuals who visit your website and do not log in using a user ID and password. If you visit www.cnn.com and don’t log in, you’re classified as an anonymous user. With Drupal, you have the ability to support anonymous users, and you also have the ability to restrict what an anonymous user can do on your site. Authenticated users are visitors to your site who log in using a unique user ID and password. I’ll cover how user IDs and passwords are created shortly, but understanding the difference between the two categories of users is important. Roles are a Drupal mechanism that allow you, the site administrator, to define categories of authenticated users of your website. You may define roles on your website that are department specific (e.g., a role each for human resources, purchasing, sales, marketing, and customer service), roles that are functionally oriented (e.g., content authors, content reviewers, content publishers), roles that are associated with a specific section of your website (e.g., products, support, sales, homepage), or any other definition that you can dream up. Roles are simply a way of putting authenticated users into categories, where categories are associated with specific permissions. Any authenticated user of your website may be assigned to none, one, or more than one role (e.g., you may have a user who is assigned roles of sales department, content author, and products). Permissions in Drupal are a mechanism for controlling what a user assigned to a specific role can do. There are dozens of permissions that you can enable or revoke for each user role you have defined. Examples of permissions that you might set for a specific role include: the ability to create a new page, the ability to create a new article, the ability to edit any article regardless of who authored it, the ability to search content on the website, and the ability to add a new user account. The combination of permissions that you set for each role defines the capabilities that a user assigned to that role can do on your website once they have successfully logged in. When you combine user roles with permissions and individual user accounts, you end up with a highly configurable solution for securing access to key features and content on your website. 23
Chapter 3 ■ Creating and Managing Users User Accounts All Drupal websites have at least one user account: the system administrator. This account is created automatically during the installation process, and is the account that you will use to administer your site. For sites where the site owner is the only one who creates content and administers the site, having just the site administrator’s account is all that is required. If you anticipate having others who will administer or create content, then you’ll need to decide which Drupal mechanism to use to create user accounts. Drupal provides three alternatives for you to pick from: • Only administrators can create user accounts. • Visitors can create their own accounts without an administrator approving their account. • Visitors can request a new account, but an administrator has to approve the account before it is activated. Which approach you should take depends on how you anticipate visitors using your website. If your site is informational in nature and visitors don’t need to log in to see content or participate in site features (e.g., posting comments), then the first option is the best approach, as it doesn’t confuse visitors to the site by making them think that you have to log in to your site to see content. If your site has content or features that are considered “not for public consumption” and require a user account, then you will want to pick an approach that works for you depending on whether you want visitors to be able to create their own accounts without verifying their credentials (second option), or you want an administrator to perform some form of verification before the users account is activated (third option). Setting the approach that you wish to use is part of the process of setting up the various settings for user accounts on your system. Configuring User Account Settings Before creating your first user account, it is advisable that you visit the user account settings page and review or modify the general user account configuration settings, of which there are many (see Figure 3-1). 24
Page 2 and 3: Beginning Drupal 8 Todd Tomlinson
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Chapter 11 Drupal Modules Drupal is
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Chapter 14 Administering Your Drupa
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Chapter 15 Using Drush This chapter
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Drush Commands Chapter 15 ■ Using
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Chapter 16 ■ Using Git Installing
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Chapter 17 Putting It All Together
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Chapter 17 ■ Putting It All Toget
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Summary Chapter 17 ■ Putting It A
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Chapter 21 ■ Building a Community
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Chapter 22 ■ Building a Commerce
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Appendix A ■ Installing Drupal Se
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Appendix B Additional Resources As
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Video Tutorials Appendix B ■ Addi
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■ index Blog site (cont.) theme,
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■ index Drupal users groups (cont
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■ index • S Security patches,
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Beginning Drupal 8

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