THE FUTURE OF THE ARMY

Recommendations

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DEVELOPING ONE <strong>ARMY</strong> of the billets and personnel eliminated from the Regular Army to achieve mandated budget cuts are the same mid- and seniorlevel NCOs and mid-grade officers needed to support future regeneration efforts. Ideally, force expansion would start months or years before the forces are required to be deployed, but at such times much of the Army’s infrastructure would be occupied by existing units preparing for deployment. Retaining excess infrastructure in peacetime could facilitate future expansion, but at a cost— and such costs do not easily compete in an environment of declining resources. Differentiating between unused capacity necessary for expansion and excess capacity would lead to better planning and decisions. The expansion paradox: preserving the ability to grow the Army can be in direct conflict with garnering efficiencies from a smaller force. However, the benefits of investing in certain key areas, such as recruiting and accessions, placing facilities in caretaker status, financing certain industrial production lines, and overmanning mid-grade positions within the institutional force could outweigh the risk and time that would confront the Army in a national crisis. The Commission considers a formal plan that enhances the understanding of the difficulties involved in expanding the force should inform force sizing and shape DoD and Army drawdown decisions. Recommendation 51: The Congress should require the Army to develop, by the end of fiscal year 2017, a plan for expansion to execute a largescale sustained operation. The plan would include maintaining a running estimate for long-lead-time equipment production and modification as well as personnel accession and training for anticipated capability shortfalls that occur after reorganization and mobilization. The plan should address each of the statutory Department of the Army functions as articulated in 10 U.S. Code, Section 3013 and examine and report annually to the Secretary of Defense on the necessary requirements to expand the Army’s capacity. Individual Ready Reserve In addition, the Individual Ready Reserve (IRR) could support future regeneration efforts. However, the IRR program has significant challenges. It primarily comprises individuals who have previously served in the Regular Army or Selected Reserves and are not assigned to a unit but still have a military service obligation remaining. The IRR currently has about 93,000 soldiers managed by the Human Resources Command (HRC). Subject matter experts from various Army agencies described to the Commission the multiple challenges associated with meeting IRR readiness management requirements outlined in Title 10 of the U.S. Code and the February 22, 2006, Secretary of the Army memo, Individual Ready Reserve Transformation. For example, HRC is not resourced to manage a population of this magnitude. The Army struggles to maintain an accurate database of IRR troops, so contact information is outdated. Additionally, the Army does not gain or share information with other government agencies, such as the Internal Revenue Service, to maintain contact information for IRR members. Recommendation 53: The Secretary of the Army should perform a top-to-bottom review in fiscal year 2017 of the Individual Ready Reserve program to ensure compliance with existing statutes. Recommendation 54: Congress should amend 10 USC 10205 to authorize the Secretary of Defense to coordinate with other federal agencies to obtain updated contact information on Individual Ready Reserve soldiers. Recommendation 55: Congress should amend Title 10 USC to authorize a virtual muster that does not include a physical examination or review. Recommendation 52: The Secretary of Defense should incorporate in defense planning and fiscal guidance the analysis of Army expansion requirements for forcesizing and capability-mix analyses in fiscal year 2017. This guidance would give priority to the retention of expansion-required leaders, infrastructure, and materiel in the defense budget and program. Recommendation 56: The Secretary of the Army should rescind the February 22, 2006, memo Individual Ready Reserve Transformation. 80 National Commission on the Future of the Army
Photo by Capt. Jesse Paulsboe “The Commission shall also conduct a study of a transfer of Army National Guard AH–64 Apache aircraft from the Army National Guard to the regular Army.” 2015 NDAA, Section 1703(b)(1) APACHE TRANSFERS AND RELATED ISSUES Army aviation makes a substantial contribution toward the service’s warfighting capability. Apache helicopters (AH-64s) provide attack/reconnaissance capability in support of ground operations. Black Hawk helicopters (UH- 60s) provide assault capability by transporting troops and equipment into battle and supporting logistics activities and medical evacuation. Shadow and Gray Eagle unmanned aerial systems, teamed with Apache helicopters, are being integrated into Army aviation units to provide increased attack and reconnaissance capability. Other aircraft support Army National Commission on the Future of the Army 81
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NATIONAL COMMISSION ON THE FUTURE O
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TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY “Not later than
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Developing One Ar
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U.S. Army National Guard photo by S
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WHY THE NATION NEEDS AN ARMY CIVILI
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WHY THE NATION NEEDS AN ARMY Figure
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WHY THE NATION NEEDS AN ARMY “The
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National Commission on the Future o
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THE COMMISSION’S MISSION AND METH
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U.S. Army photo by Sgt. Richard W.
Page 35 and 36: FUTURE CHALLENGES Figure 7 ARMY IN
Page 37 and 38: FUTURE CHALLENGES Iran poses a mult
Page 39 and 40: FUTURE CHALLENGES terrorists or oth
Page 41 and 42: FUTURE CHALLENGES anti-Americanism,
Page 43 and 44: FUTURE CHALLENGES to prevent the So
Page 45 and 46: U.S. Army photo. “The Commission
Page 47 and 48: FISCAL CHALLENGES Figure 8 BUDGET U
Page 49 and 50: FISCAL CHALLENGES if the Army is to
Page 51 and 52: FISCAL CHALLENGES MEASURING COSTS A
Page 53 and 54: “The Commission shall…make reco
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Page 57 and 58: THE ARMY FOR THE FUTURE Recommendat
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Page 63 and 64: THE ARMY FOR THE FUTURE POSSIBLE ST
Page 65 and 66: U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class B
Page 67 and 68: DEVELOPING ONE ARMY Figure 9 ARMY F
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Page 79 and 80: DEVELOPING ONE ARMY unity of effort
Page 81 and 82: DEVELOPING ONE ARMY across all Army
Page 83 and 84: DEVELOPING ONE ARMY Due to much sho
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Page 89 and 90: APACHE TRANSFERS AND RELATED ISSUES
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Page 107 and 108: ARMY NATIONAL GUARD ALLOCATION Nati
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Page 117 and 118: APPENDIX B: RECOMMENDATIONS BY RESP
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Page 135 and 136: APPENDIX G: TESTIMONIES AND COMMENT
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APPENDIX G: TESTIMONIES AND COMMENT
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APPENDIX H: COMMISSIONERS AND STAFF
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APPENDIX I: SUBCOMMITTEES OPERATION
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APPENDIX I: SUBCOMMITTEES FORCE GEN
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APPENDIX I: SUBCOMMITTEES DRAFTING
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APPENDIX J: SOURCES CONSULTED Defen
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APPENDIX J: SOURCES CONSULTED U.S.
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APPENDIX J: SOURCES CONSULTED U.S.
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THE FUTURE OF THE ARMY

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