Hell

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OUR FATHER, HELL AND HEAVEN : M. M. NINAN _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter Nine HEBREW WORDS TRANSLATED AS HELL in the bible Different Hebrew and Greek words are translated as "hell" in most English-language Bibles. Three different New Testament words appear in most English translations as "hell": There Are 4 Distinct Words Translated As “Hell” Most of the confusion around Hell starts with translation error. There are four separate Hebrew and Greek words which are translated into the single English word “Hell”, despite having drastically different meanings. The English word “hell” is unilaterally translated from the various Greek and Hebrew words each have different meanings. שׁאול שׁאל (H7585) 1. Sheol From H7592; hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranian retreat), including its accessories and inmates: – grave, hell, pit. In the King James Bible, the Old Testament term Sheol is translated as "hell" 31 times, and as "the grave" 31 times. Sheol is also translated as "the pit" three times. Modern translations typically render Sheol as "the grave", "the pit", or "death". 2. Hades (G86) ᾅδης From G1 (as a negative particle) and G1492; properly unseen, that is, “Hades” or the place (state) of departed souls: – grave, hell. Hades is the Greek word traditionally used for the Hebrew word Sheol in works such as the Septuagint, the Greek translations of the Hebrew Bible. Like other first-century Jews literate in Greek, Christian writers of the New Testament employed this usage. While earlier translations most often translated Hades as "hell", as does the King James Version, modern translations use the transliteration "Hades", or render the word as allusions "to the grave", "among the dead", "place of the dead" or similar statements. In Latin, Hades could be translated as Purgatorium (Purgatory) after about 1200 AD, but no modern English translations render Hades as Purgatory. 3. Gehenna (G1067) γέεννα Of Hebrew origin ([H1516] and [H2011]); valley of (the son of) Hinnom; gehenna (or Ge-Hinnom), a valley of Jerusalem In the New Testament, both early (i.e., the KJV) and modern translations often translate Gehenna as "hell". Young's Literal Translation and New World Translation are notable exceptions, simply using "Gehenna". 65
OUR FATHER, HELL AND HEAVEN : M. M. NINAN _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Tartarus (G5020)ταρταρόω From ΤάρταροςTartaros̄ (the deepest abyss of Hades); to incarcerate in eternal torment: – cast down to hell. Appearing only in 2 Peter 2:4 in the New Testament, both early and modern translations usually translate Tartarus as "hell", though a few render it as "Tartarus". The Greek verb "ταρταρῶ (tartarō)", which occurs once in the New Testament (in 2 Peter 2:4), is almost always translated by a phrase such as "thrown down to hell". A few translations render it as "Tartarus"; of this term, the Holman Christian Standard Bible states: "Tartarus is a Greek name for a subterranean place of divine punishment lower than Hades."[2 Peter 2:4] אֲבַדּוֹן 5.Abaddon The Hebrew word abaddon, meaning "destruction", is sometimes interpreted as a synonym of "hell". SHEOL AND HADES שְׁאוֹל"‏Sheol‏"‏ in the Hebrew Bible, and "Hades" ᾅδης in the New Testament. Many modern versions, such as the New International Version, translate Sheol as "grave" and simply transliterate "Hades". It is generally agreed that both sheol and hades do not typically refer to the place of eternal punishment, but to the grave, the temporary abode of the dead, the underworld. The parable of the Rich man and Lazarus depicting the rich man in hell asking Abraham for help, by James Tissot 66
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PREFACE It is only recently I have
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