Revelation

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THE BOOK OF REVELATION: M. M. NINAN Galba, the ruling emperor when the vision occurred the other has not yet come, when he comes, he must continue a short time.: Titus who reigned two years (79-81). The eighth emperor is Domitian (81-96 AD). They have in them a double representation, first of seven mountains, and then of seven kings; by which are meant seven ages of the world, • as from Adam to Noah; • from Noah to Abraham; • from Abraham to David; • from David to the Babylonish captivity; • from the Babylonish captivity to Christ; • from Christ to antichrist; and • from antichrist to the end of the world. The five first of which were gone in John's time, the sixth was then in being, and when the seventh shall come it will continue for a short time. Protestant Explanation: Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary 17:7-14 The beast on which the woman sat was, and is not, and yet is. It was a seat of idolatry and persecution, and is not; not in the ancient form, which was pagan: yet it is; it is truly the seat of idolatry and tyranny, though of another sort and form. It would deceive into stupid and blind submission all the inhabitants of the earth within its influence, except the remnant of the elect. This beast has seven heads, seven mountains, the seven hills on which Rome stands; and seven kings, seven sorts of government. Five were gone by when this prophecy was written; one was then in being; the other was yet to come. This beast, directed by the papacy, makes an eighth governor, and sets up idolatry again. It had ten horns, which are said to be ten kings who had as yet no kingdoms; they should not rise up till the Roman empire was broken; but should for a time be very zealous in her interest. Christ must reign till all enemies be put under his feet. The reason of the victory is, that he is the King of kings, and Lord of lords. He has supreme dominion and power over all things; all the powers of earth and hell are subject to his control. His followers are called to this warfare, are fitted for it, and will be faithful in it. Pulpit Commentary Verse 10. - And there are seven kings; and they are. Here we have the same idea (cf. ver 9), with a somewhat different aspect. The phrase in ver. 9, "seven mountains," regarded the world power as one universal indivisible whole, without respect to particular times or modes in which it might be exhibited. In this phrase, "seven kings," 246
THE BOOK OF REVELATION: M. M. NINAN we have the same world power viewed in its successive exhibitions by different nations; though here again we must be on our guard not to interpret the number seven literally of seven nations. The kings represent Worldly states or kingdoms; seven, again, betokens universality. We are thus told that this world power on which the woman relies is exhibited in the manifestation of power by successive nations, e.g. Egyptian, Assyrian, Roman, etc., as many as have ever existed or shall exist; for this is the meaning of seven. Five are fallen, and one is, and the other is not yet come; the five; the one; the other. Omit "and." Here, again, not literally five. The seer divides the whole series of antitheistic world powers into three groups, and he would say, some, probably the majority, of these are passed away, the second group embraces the world power as it is exhibited now, whether Roman, Jewish, or any other; in the third group are included those yet to come. Thus those writers who enumerate Egypt, Nineveh, Babylon, Persia, Greece, Syria, etc., in the first group, are partially correct, and only wrong in so far as they attempt to limit and define the kingdoms; and similarly also those who in the third group place the Roman empire after the barbarian invasions, or imperial Germany, etc. And when he cometh, he must continue a short space; a little while (Revised Version). This "short space" describes the remainder of the time of the world's existence. Such is its meaning in Revelation 6:11 and Revelation 12:12, and again in Revelation 20:3. In a similar manner, also, "shortly come to pass," etc. (Revelation 1:1, 3;Revelation 2:5, 16, etc.; cf also John 16:17, 28) Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible And there are seven kings,.... The Arabic version renders it, "who are seven kings"; and it should be rendered, as it is by the Vulgate Latin, Syriac and Ethiopic versions, "and they are seven kings"; that is, the seven heads signify seven kings also, for they have in them a double representation, first of seven mountains, and then of seven kings; by which are meant not seven ages of the world, • as from Adam to Noah; • from Noah to Abraham; • from Abraham to David; • from David to the Babylonish captivity; • from the Babylonish captivity to Christ; • from Christ to antichrist; and • from antichrist to the end of the world. The five first of which were gone in John's time, the sixth was then in being, and when the seventh shall come it will continue for a short time. This is the interpretation of the Papists, who make the beast to be the devil, and these his seven heads; whereas he rather is the head, or god of the world: nor are seven emperors of Rome intended, which are differently reckoned, according to the different times John is supposed to have had this revelation. 247
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M. M. NINAN
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M. M. NINAN CONTENTS CHAPTER I PROL
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THE BOOK OF REVELATION: M. M. NINAN
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Prof. Madathilparampil Mammen Ninan
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Life, Legacy and the Theology of Dr
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