Yoshida und Hara - 1977 - Effects of air temperature and light on grain fill

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100 S. YOSHIDA <strong>and</strong> T. HARA Downloaded by [Universitaetsbibliothek Giessen] at 15:43 06 April 2015 Table 3. Effect <strong>of</strong> day <strong>temperature</strong> on grain weight <strong>and</strong> grain quality <strong>of</strong> IR20 <strong>and</strong> Fujisaka 5 rices. Grain quality Day Daily mean Grain tempera turell <strong>temperature</strong> wt" Chalky Green (0C) (OC) (mg/grain) grains grains (%) (%) IR20 16 16 13.3 ( 82)11 87 22 19 15.9 ( 98) 7 28 22 16.2 (100) 12 34 25 15.0 ( 93) 82 Fujisaka 5 16 16 22.4 ( 97) 10 22 19 23.2 (100) 2 28 22 22.8 ( 98) 14 34 25 18.7 ( 81) 99 1) Night <strong>temperature</strong> was kept at 16°C. I) LSD value at 5% level is 0.2 for both varieties. I) Figures in parenthesis indicate relative values taking the maximum as 100. Grain wI (1IlQ/~ain I 20 3 21 11 2 0 0 0 0 o o~--':K)---:':2O:---...I30i.--....I40 0 K) 20 Days oller flower"" Fig. 4. Grain growth <strong>of</strong> upper grains <strong>and</strong> whole panicle in IR20 rice <strong>und</strong>er two levels <strong>of</strong> <strong>light</strong> intensity <strong>and</strong> <strong>temperature</strong>.
Temperature <strong>and</strong> Light on Rice Grain Filling 101 the lowest (16°0) <strong>and</strong> the highest (34°0) day <strong>temperature</strong>, 87 <strong>and</strong> 82 percent, respectively. Downloaded by [Universitaetsbibliothek Giessen] at 15:43 06 April 2015 Effect <strong>of</strong> <strong>temperature</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>light</strong> on grain filling Grain growth curve. While <strong>light</strong> intensity did not affect the length <strong>of</strong> the grain filling period in the upper grains, it affected the grain weight <strong>of</strong> IR20 rice (Fig. 4) <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> Fujisaka 5 rice (Fig. 5). The length <strong>of</strong> the grain filling period in the whole panicle grains was increased by 5 days at a high <strong>light</strong> intensity for IR20 rice only, but it was extended by 10 <strong>and</strong> 5 days at a low <strong>light</strong> intensity for IR20 <strong>and</strong> Fujisaka 5, respectively. This suggests that low <strong>light</strong> intensity may delay the ripening <strong>of</strong> the whole panicle grains, probably because <strong>of</strong> a limited supply <strong>of</strong> assimilates to grains on lower branches. The effect <strong>of</strong> <strong>light</strong> intensity on grain weight was more pronounced on the grains <strong>of</strong> the whole panicle than on the upper grains, because all <strong>of</strong> the grains (filled <strong>and</strong> unfilled) were used to measure the average weight <strong>of</strong> the whole grains <strong>and</strong> the low <strong>light</strong> intensity increased the percentage <strong>of</strong> unfilled grains at the lower branches (Fig. 6). To <strong>und</strong>erst<strong>and</strong> better how <strong>light</strong> intensity affected grain filling <strong>of</strong> the whole panicle, sample grains were collected from primary branches at different positions. Similar UPPER GRAtlS 2~~======::! ~=====:: 20 I~ 10 °O~--~~--~20~--~~--~~~ O~--~O~--20~---~~ Days orlef rlcooorinQ Fig. 5. Grain growth <strong>of</strong> upper grains <strong>and</strong> whole panicle in Fujisaka 5 rice <strong>und</strong>er two levels <strong>of</strong> <strong>light</strong> intensity <strong>and</strong> <strong>temperature</strong>.
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Yoshida und Hara - 1977 - Effects of air temperature and light on grain fill

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