G7_JAPAN

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Growth, jobs and structural reform KEY TAKEAWAYS Promotion of women in the workforce is now a key focus G7 leaders recognise that discrimination obstructs growth Gender still high on the G7 agenda G7 members are well placed to take the lead on issues of empowering women, and to build on the significant advances already made. The issue will be a priority at this year’s summit For the second year in a row, the G7 host has made the empowerment of women a priority on the summit’s agenda. At Ise-Shima this May, Japan will ask the other G7 members to act on empowering women through education, particularly in the fields of natural sciences and technology. Fresh from hosting the World Assembly for Women this past year, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe hopes to build on the work done by Chancellor Angela Merkel at her G7 summit in Schloss Elmau in 2015. In recent years, the G7’s approach to gender equality issues has shifted slightly, from focusing on protecting women and girls from threats such as disease and conflict, to promoting greater participation of women in the workforce as a means to achieve inclusive economic growth and stability. There are now big shoes to fill following last year’s German summit, which produced a record 29 commitments on gender equality. Significant advances The G7/8 first began making commitments related to the education, training and advancement of women in the workforce at the Canadian-hosted 2002 Kananaskis Summit. The three commitments made there were part of a larger effort to fast-track the Education for All Initiative, aimed at furthering progress on the Millennium Development Goal of universal primary education by 2015. By 2015, net enrolment rates for primary education had reached 91% in developing regions. In 2004, at Sea Island, G8 leaders reinforced the Kananaskis educational commitments 114 G7 Japan: The Ise-Shima Summit • May 2016 g7g20.com
Growth, jobs and structural reform G7 members are equipped to move on full economic inclusion of women Students in the nutrition technology department at the Beuth technical college in Berlin The 2015 G7 summit produced a record 29 commitments on gender equality THOMAS KOEHLER/PHOTOTHEK VIA GETTY IMAGES and added more on increasing financing opportunities for female entrepreneurs, support for vocational training and internship opportunities for women. These commitments were aimed specifically at women in the Broader Middle East and North Africa. From 2006 to 2014, the G7/8 commitments related to women focused almost exclusively on health issues, such as HIV/AIDs, maternal health and sexual and reproductive health, and the rights of women in Arab countries in transition. Then in 2015, G7 members made a significant advance in promoting women’s economic empowerment. Among the 29 Schloss Elmau commitments was one to increase the number of women and girls who receive technical and vocational training in developing countries by onethird by 2030. Leaders also committed to counter gender stereotyping by developing measures to encourage girls to enrol in science, technology, engineering and mathematics – a move that will be reinforced at Ise-Shima. Discrimination impedes growth The commitments made at Schloss Elmau and the declarations released there indicate that G7 leaders recognise the discrimination that women face, and that it not only violates their human rights but also significantly impedes economic growth overall. Leaders acknowledged that the economic empowerment of women is not just needed in developing countries but in their own as well. They have indicated that advancing a successful strategy must include countering gender stereotypes that discourage women and girls from entering certain disciplines, improving visibility for successful female entrepreneurs to encourage others to follow suit and, perhaps most importantly, improving policies that reconcile the imbalances between men and women with respect to unpaid care work. G7 leaders also reaffirmed their commitment to achieving inclusive growth for women in the Middle East and North Africa, particularly through the Transition Fund and providing funding for grants and technical cooperation projects in finance, trade and governance. Building on commitments Based on initial observations of G7 compliance data with gender-related commitments made from 1996 to 2014, certain variables seem to correlate with G7 members’ high compliance scores in respect of these commitments. These variables are a high number of gender commitments in the same year, the ‘compliance catalysts’ of specific targets and timelines within the commitments, and the mutual reinforcement of the gender equality agendas and commitments of outside institutions. It may be helpful for G7 leaders to build these elements into their communiqué in Japan to advance their overall strategy. Also useful would be a progress report on compliance with the commitments made at Schloss Elmau. This would be particularly helpful, as many of the gender equality priorities outlined by the Japanese presidency will build on what was promised at Schloss Elmau. A progress report would improve accountability and transparency, and inspire more confidence that promises made are promises kept. G7 members tend to be high compliers with their gender equality commitments. They are also among the high compliers in relation to the G20’s gender commitments. They are usually backed by high rates of public support for the issue, high rates of female labour force participation and high proportions of parliamentary seats held by women. They are therefore well equipped to make real progress on removing the barriers for women’s full economic inclusion and helping those countries that may be further behind in ending discrimination against women. G7 Julia Kulik Senior Researcher G7 Research Group Based at the Munk School of Global Affairs at Trinity College in the University of Toronto, Kulik is also a Senior Researcher for theG20 Research Group, the BRICS Research Group and the Global Health Diplomacy Program. She has written on G7/8, G20 and BRICS performance, particularly on the issues of gender equality and regional security. Kulik leads the groups’ work on gender, women’s health, regional security and summit performance. @JuliaFKulik www.g7.utoronto.ca g7g20.com May 2016 • G7 Japan: The Ise-Shima Summit 115
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May 2016 g7g20.com | @g7_g20 The Is
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Give Hope When millions of Syrian r
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CONTENTS @g7_g20 www.g7g20.com link
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80 88 112 122 Growth, jobs and stru
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G7 perspectives AGENCJA FOTOGRAFICZ
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G7 perspectives I am excited to att
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G7 perspectives LEADER’S VIEW Glo
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G7 perspectives To build a wall aro
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G7 perspectives LEADER’S VIEW We
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G7 perspectives LEADER’S VIEW Fin
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G7 perspectives The global economy
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G7 perspectives Why does a single h
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ADVOCACY The INDC of Cameroon sets
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Editors’ introductions G7 leaders
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Editors’ introductions The 2011 e
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Editors’ introductions The G7 has
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Background The average 2016 growth
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Health governance A NEW TOOL TO COU
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Health governance $570BN Estimated
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Health governance IN CONVERSATION H
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Health governance KEY TAKEAWAYS Cas
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Health governance UNAIDS 44 G7 Japa
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Health governance Universal health
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Health governance KEY TAKEAWAYS The
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Health governance KEY TAKEAWAYS The
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Health governance The West African
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Health governance Japan must retain
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I am pleased that the G7 remains en
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Energy security KEY TAKEAWAYS Energ
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Energy security OPEC’s estimation
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From Routledge… The Global Govern
Page 64 and 65: Climate change and the environment
Page 68 and 69: ADVOCACY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILIT
Page 80 and 81: Development challenges ILLUSTRATION
Page 82 and 83: Development challenges Q If the glo
Page 84 and 85: Development challenges KEY TAKEAWAY
Page 86 and 87: Development challenges Filippo Gran
Page 88 and 89: Development challenges IN CONVERSAT
Page 90 and 91: ADVOCACY KUWAIT FUND FOR ARAB ECONO
Page 98 and 99: Development challenges Andreas Schl
Page 100 and 101: 35+33+34+35+32+32+29+29+29+26+29+28
Page 102 and 103: G7 leaders, under Japan’s preside
Page 104 and 105: Growth, jobs and structural reform
Page 116 and 117: Measuring how much and how well lea
Page 118 and 119: Strengthening G7 summitry David Wel
Page 120 and 121: Strengthening G7 summitry Matthew G
Page 122 and 123: Strengthening G7 summitry KEY TAKEA
Page 124 and 125: G7 profiles Meet the leaders Justin
Page 126 and 127: INDEX OF ADVERTISERS Arçelik A.S.
Page 128: 25 years Building the Foundation fo
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