Fathalla, Mahmoud, 120 Federal Home-visitation programs, 45-47 Federal Reserve, 66 Fee for service, 28 Feed the Future, 134, 135 Feeding America, 35, 36, 51, 82, 83 Figlio, David, 43 Financing for Development (FFD) Conference, 132 First-time parents, 45 Fistula, 121 Folsom Report, 74 Food allergies, 48 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 111, 134, 138-139 Food assistance (See also Nutrition programs), 4, 9, 12, 15, 17, 19-22, 30, 35, 64, 96 Food bank, 35, 36, 37, 50, 51, 79, 80, 82, 83, 92, 99, 100, 101, 102, 105 Food desert, 23, 24, 57, 79, 95, 101, 106 Food Environment Index, 88 Food Insecurity Among Households With Working–Age Adults With Disabilities, 60 Food Insecurity Nutrition Incentive program (FINI), 91 Food pantry, 6, 35, 36, 50, 51, 73, 75, 79, 80, 98, 100 Food pharmacy, 6, 73, 102 Food prices, 112, 116, 117, 119, 134 Food security (See also Low, Very Low, and Marginal Food Security), 1, 9, 13, 16, 17, 18, 30, 36, 37, 41, 49, 50, 53, 66, 70, 71, 79, 80, 81, 102, 106, 115, 117, 134, 138, 140, 141 Food Security Survey, 18, 49, 66 Food Stamp Program (See also Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)), 15, 20, 21, 30, 44, 49, 91, 101 Food system, 6, 35, 73, 74, 80, 85, 88, 90, 92, 100 Food waste, 99, 100 Fortification, 118 Foundation Culture of Health Prize for Innovative Efforts to Improve Health, 95 Frank, Deborah, 48, 50 Fresh Advantage, 92 Fruit and vegetable prescription program (FVRx), 6, 9, 13, 24, 27, 32, 65, 73, 76, 92, 93, 95, 96, 98, 106, 107 Fruits, 18, 26, 32, 51, 57, 82, 83, 85, 90- 93, 99, 100-101 G7, 114 Geiger, Jack, 32 Gender inequality, 125 General Equivalency Degree (GED), 27, 56 Georgia Tech, 135 Germany, 29, 33, 128, 132, 137 Ghana, 113, 114, 126, 137 Gleaners, 79 Global Monitoring Report on universal health coverage, 128 Governance, 114, 122, 132, 133, 141 Government Accountability Office (GAO), 33, 68 Gray, Freddie, 23, 24 Great Recession, viii, 16, 71, 81, 104 Green Climate Fund, 134 Greenhouse gases, 131, 134, 136 Greenwald, Robert, 65 Gremont, Caron, 84 Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 1, 8, 33, 34, 43, 70, 71, 130 Grow Clinic, 48, 50 Guatemala, 117, 124 Guinea, 123, 124 Gundersen, Craig, 63, 66 Gwatkin, Davidson, 128 Hamilton, Bruce , 96 Harlem Hospital Center, 93 Harrington, Michael, 41 Harris, Lisa, 78 Harvard, 65, 85, 92, 97 Hassink, Sandra, 19 Haut, Dawn, 79 Head Start, 54, 55 Head, Rev. Otis, 88, 89 healthcare workers, 37, 65, 80, 98 Health disparities, 3, 6, 11, 23, 24, 25, 29, 30, 59, 73, 106 Health insurance (See also Medicaid and Medicare), viii, 24, 25, 28, 29, 32, 34, 44, 62, 63, 67, 76, 78, 80, 114, 129 Health literacy, 25, 27 Health Professions High School (HPHS), 57 Health system, 3, 4, 7, 9, 11, 12, 25, 27, 28, 29, 33, 34, 43, 51, 54, 74, 75, 78, 80-81, 93, 101-103, 105, 109, 110, 117, 120-125, 130, 136 Healthcare reform (See also Affordable Care Act (ACA)), 1, 4, 6, 36, 45, 65, 75, 90 HealthCorps, 57 Healthy Beginnings, 47 Healthy Incentives Pilot, 90 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, 20, 97 Heat or eat, 48, 67 Heckman Curve, 42 Hennepin County Medical Center, 50 244 INDEX • BREAD FOR <strong>THE</strong> WORLD INSTITUTE
Hidden hunger, 109, 117, 118 Hierarchy of human needs, 47, 48 High blood pressure, 13, 82, 94 High-income countries (See also Developed countries), 1, 3, 11, 31, 41, 43, 63, 81, 119, 134 Hispanics (See also Latinos), 18, 26, 43, 44, 51, 58 Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), 88 HIV/AIDS, 64, 122, 123, 124, 129 Hoddinott, John, 117 Home-delivered meals, 6, 41, 64, 65, 68, 69, 74, 77 Home visitation programs (See also Federal Home Visitation Program, 54, 106 Homelessness, 52, 55, 56, 84, 102 Horton, Susan, 117 Hospitals, 5, 6, 9, 11, 13-14, 23, 29, 30, 32-33, 36-37, 41, 48-53, 55, 60, 64-65, 67, 69-70, 73, 75, 76, 77-79, 90, 92-93, 102-104, 106, 124 U.S. House of Representatives, 86 Household Food Security in the United States, 16, 66, 70 Housing, 3, 11, 23-24, 27, 37, 47, 48, 50, 75 Houston Food Bank, 99 Human development, 42, 116, 140 Hunger Free Colorado, 75, 77 Hunger Vital Sign, 9, 41, 49, 50 Hypertension, 7, 20, 44, 102, 106, 110 Illinois, 76, 97 Immune system, 47, 52, 117 Immunization, 127, 129 India, 113-114, 125, 127-129 Indian Health Services, 106 Indigenous communities, 38 Indonesia, 110, 113, 137 Infant mortality, 1, 13, 33, 43 Infrastructure, 1, 4, 12, 25, 35, 92, 96, 99, 133, 134 Institute of Medicine (IOM), 28, 81, 86, 124 Inter-American Development Bank, 132 Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 76, 92 International Monetary Fund (IMF), 132 Jamaica Plain, MA, 64 Japan, 29, 33, 42-43, 137 Johnson & Johnson, 126 Johnson, President Lyndon B., 19, 20 Joint Learning Network for Universal Health Coverage, 128 Jones, Patricia , 38-39 Junk food, 12, 106 Kaiser Permanente, 75, 77 Kaufmann, Greg, 49 Keller, Helen, 73 Kennedy, President John F., 19 Kentucky, 97 Kenya, 127, 137 King, Jr., Martin Luther, 11 Knox, Lynn, 36-37 Lateef, Asma, 140-141 Latin America, 112, 117, 121, 129 Latinos (See also Hispanics), 26 Laudato Si’, 136 Lead poisoning, 23-24 Let’s Move, 22 Liberia, 123-124 Life expectancy, 3, 11-12, 14, 24-25, 33 Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center, 93 Literacy, 101, 113, 140 Little Rock, ARK, 48 Lobbying, 28, 86-87 Long-term care, 41, 68-69 Low birth weight, 13, 22-23, 42-44, 118 Low food security, 13, 16, 54 Low-income countries (See also Developing countries), 113, 124, 130 Lyda et al v City of Detroit, 38 Malaria, 110, 123-124, 129 Mali, 127 Malnutrition, 3, 4, 7, 9, 19, 22, 32, 42, 45, 47-48, 50, 67, 69, 94, 99, 101, 106, 109-110, 114, 116-118, 120-121, 131, 135-136, 138-139, 141 Marginal food security, 66 Marsh, Molly, 106-107 Martha’s Table, 84 Martin Luther King, Jr, 11 Maslow, Abraham, 47, 48 Mass incarceration, 30-31, 161 Massachusetts, 64, 90 Matching Excess And Need for Stability (MEANS), 100 Maternal health, 49, 121, 138 Maternal mortality, 1, 42-44, 118, 120, 121, 124, 125, 129 Maternity leave, 25, 45 McClelland, Bishop Charles, 51 McCormick, Darren, 94-95 McDonald’s, 95 McKenna’s Wagon, 84, 156 Meals on Wheels America (MOWA), 69, 78-79 Means, Julia, 51 Medicaid, 29, 32-33, 37, 45, 54, 62-63, 65, 67-69, 76-78, 80, 93-94 Medical care, 3, 5, 11, 21, 25, 27-28, 41, 43, 127, 148-149, 152, 155 Medically tailored meals, 9, 64-65, 78 WWW.HUNGERREPORT.ORG • 2016 HUNGER REPORT 245
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THE NOURISHING EFFECT: 2016 HUNGER
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BREAD FOR THE WORLD INSTITUTE Presi
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Table of Contents Foreword by David
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Table of Contents Appendix 1: Feder
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Foreword: David Beckmann In 2015, w
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2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • BREAD FOR T
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Courtesy Meals on Wheels Introducti
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Box ES.1 Conclusion A Transformatio
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10 INTRODUCTION • BREAD FOR THE W
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USDA Photo by Lance Cheung School m
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Figure i.2 Worsening of Competing D
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Zach Blum for Bread for the World T
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Laura Elizabeth Pohl for Bread for
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USDA photo President Johnson signin
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WIC agency reaches its maximum case
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Figure i.7 gress banned use of lead
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Box i.2 THE FOOD ENVIRONMENT IN LAT
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Rick Reinhard for Bread for the Wor
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Box i.3 MASS INCARCERATION: A PUBLI
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Over the last 30 years, prices for
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For decades, in both the public and
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healthcare system in the United Sta
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THE HUMAN RIGHT TO WATER IN THE UNI
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40 CHAPTER 1 • BREAD FOR THE WORL
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Figure 1.1 RATE OF RETURN TO INVEST
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Figure 1.2 10% 5% 0% Percentage of
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Home visitation programs are unique
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Figure 1.4 children healthy. Cold,
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Courtesy Children’s HealthWatch D
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Richard Lord Residents at a shelter
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Figure 1.7 Percent of Patients 100
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Todd Post/Bread for the World Growi
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U.S. Department of Health and Human
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to six times the average for their
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New York City Department of Transpo
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Box 1.3 COMMUNITY SERVINGS: IS IT N
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in the most recent edition of the a
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Figure 1.14 Long-Term Services and
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HUNGER AND FOOD INSECURITY DRIVE UP
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72 CHAPTER 2 • BREAD FOR THE WORL
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Joseph Molieri/Bread for the World
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Zach Blum for Bread for the World A
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Box 2.1 ESKENAZI HEALTH CARES ABOUT
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Joseph Molieri/Bread for the World
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Figure 2.3 Figure 2.4 Total Fruit C
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Box 2.2 MCKENNA’S WAGON AT MARTHA
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Figure 2.5 Millions $20 $15 $10 $5
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Box 2.3 FAITH, FOOD, AND COMMUNITY
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U.S. farmers producing foods aligne
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Joseph Molieri/Bread for the World
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Box 2.4 SUSTAINABLE WILLIAMSON, WES
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No discussion of the anti-hunger in
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Joseph Molieri/Bread for the World
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Box 2.5 MEANS AGAINST THE CLOCK Jos
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Zach Blum for Bread for the World E
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Figure 2.11 Industry With the Highe
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‘FOOD IS MEDICINE’ IN NAVAJO NA
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108 CHAPTER 3 • BREAD FOR THE WOR
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Erly Tatontos/World Bank Indonesian
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Danilo Pinzon/World Bank Most hungr
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Natalia Cieslik/World Bank In Gaza,
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USAID In Senegal, a community-based
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consequences can appear at any age.
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A mother and child at an outpatient
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must strengthen health systems, so
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Maria Fleischmann/World Bank A youn
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Box 3.1 U.S. LEADERSHIP: ENDING PRE
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Graham Crouch/World Bank In Afghani
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Arne Hoel/World Bank Access to clea
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Box 3.2 THE ROLE OF DOMESTIC RESOUR
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Thomas Sennett/World Bank Farmers p
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Dominic Chavez/World Bank A mother
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THE NUTRITION VISION OF THE 2030 AG
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A TRANSFORMATIONAL AGENDA by Asma L
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE LEADER'S RESO
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE hour to 90 mi
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE SESSION 1: HE
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE How much and
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE SESSION 2: HO
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE aspect of thi
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE SESSION 3: TH
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE government me
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE SESSION 4: EN
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CHRISTIAN STUDY GUIDE donor nations
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Endnotes Introduction (pages 10-39)
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Education: Socioeconomic Status Gra
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Shorter Lives, Poorer Health, p. 65
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South and Appalachia,” Center on
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8 Sara Rosenbaum et al. (July 2015)
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(June 2013). All quotes attributed
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44 See Note 41. 45 Will Dunham (May
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Nature Volume 493, Issue 7430. 137
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Food bank: A charitable organizatio
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Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) movement
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WIC Program—serves to safeguard t
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peer-reviewed academic journals bet
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Background and Context A Note on Hu
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ature indicates it is strongly rela
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staying above 15 million until May
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high prevalence of food insecurity
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