Bangladesh 2014

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12 HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIOR .......................... 175 12.1 Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and Transmission and Prevention Methods ........................... 177 12.1.1 Knowledge of HIV/AIDS .................................................................................. 177 12.1.2 Knowledge of HIV Prevention Methods ........................................................... 177 12.1.3 Comprehensive Knowledge about AIDS ........................................................... 178 12.2 Knowledge about Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV ............................................... 180 12.3 Knowledge of Means of Transmission of HIV ................................................................ 181 12.4 Attitude toward Negotiating Safe Sexual Relations with Husbands ............................... 182 12.5 Self-reported Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and STI Symptoms ........................................................................................................................ 183 13 WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOR ........................... 187 13.1 Employment and Form of Earnings ................................................................................. 188 13.2 Women’s Control over their Own Earnings .................................................................... 189 13.3 Freedom of Movement .................................................................................................... 190 13.4 Women’s Empowerment ................................................................................................. 191 13.5 Attitudes toward Wife Beating ........................................................................................ 194 13.6 Indicators of Women’s Empowerment ............................................................................ 195 13.7 Current Use of Contraception by Women’s Empowerment ............................................ 196 13.8 Ideal Family Size and Unmet Need by Women’s Empowerment ................................... 197 13.9 Reproductive Health Care by Women’s Empowerment .................................................. 198 13.10 Infant and Child Mortality and Women’s Empowerment ............................................... 199 14 COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................... 201 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................................... 207 APPENDIX A: SAMPLE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION ........................................................ 213 A.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 213 A.2 Sampling Frame ............................................................................................................... 213 A.3 Sample Design ................................................................................................................. 214 A.4 Sampling Weight ............................................................................................................. 216 APPENDIX B: ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS ................................................................... 219 APPENDIX C: DATA QUALITY TABLES ......................................................................................... 233 APPENDIX D: PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE SURVEY ................................................................ 235 APPENDIX E: QUESTIONNAIRES ..................................................................................................... 243 APPENDIX F: SUMMARY INDICATORS ......................................................................................... 327 vi • Contents
TABLES AND FIGURES 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1 Table 1.1 Basic demographic indicators ................................................................................ 2 Table 1.2 Results of the household and individual interviews ............................................... 7 2 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS AND HOUSEHOLD POPULATION ................................ 9 Table 2.1 Household drinking water .................................................................................... 10 Table 2.2 Household sanitation facilities ............................................................................. 11 Table 2.3 Hand washing: availability of cleansing agents ................................................... 12 Table 2.4 Hand washing: location ........................................................................................ 13 Table 2.5 Housing characteristics ........................................................................................ 14 Table 2.6 Cooking amenity .................................................................................................. 15 Table 2.7 Household possessions ......................................................................................... 15 Table 2.8 Wealth quintiles ................................................................................................... 17 Table 2.9 Household population by age, sex, and residence ................................................ 17 Table 2.10 Trends in population by age ................................................................................. 19 Table 2.11 Household composition ....................................................................................... 19 Table 2.12 Birth registration of children under age 5 ............................................................ 20 Table 2.13 School attendance ................................................................................................ 21 Table 2.14.1 Educational attainment of the male household population .................................. 22 Table 2.14.2 Educational attainment of the female household population ............................... 23 Table 2.15 School attendance ratios ...................................................................................... 25 Table 2.16 Employment status ............................................................................................... 26 Table 2.17 Availability of mobile phone among household members ................................... 27 Figure 2.1 Availability of electricity by urban-rural residence ............................................. 13 Figure 2.2 Population pyramid .............................................................................................. 18 Figure 2.3 Household age distribution by sex ....................................................................... 18 Figure 2.4 Trend in completed median of years of schooling of men and women age 6 and over, 1999-2014 ................................................................................... 24 Figure 2.5 Age-specific attendance rates of the de facto population age 5-24 ...................... 26 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS ............................................................................. 29 Table 3.1 Background characteristics of respondents .......................................................... 29 Table 3.2 Educational attainment ......................................................................................... 30 Table 3.3 Literacy ................................................................................................................ 32 Table 3.4 Exposure to mass media ....................................................................................... 33 Table 3.5 Employment status ............................................................................................... 35 Table 3.6 Occupation ........................................................................................................... 36 Table 3.7 Type of employment ............................................................................................ 37 Figure 3.1 Trends in education of ever-married women, 2007-2014 .................................... 31 Figure 3.2 Trends in exposure to mass media of ever-married women, 2007-2014 ............. 34 4 MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTIVITY .................................................................................. 39 Table 4.1 Current marital status ........................................................................................... 40 Table 4.2 Trends in proportion never married ..................................................................... 40 Table 4.3 Age at first marriage ............................................................................................ 41 Tables and Figures • vii
Page 1: Bangladesh Demographic and Health S
Page 4 and 5: Cover motif: Nakshi Katha tapestry
Page 6 and 7: 4.3 Age at First Marriage .........
Page 10 and 11: Table 4.4 Median age at first marri
Page 12 and 13: Table 9.5 Place of delivery .......
Page 14 and 15: 14 COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS ......
Page 17: PREFACE Director General National I
Page 21 and 22: ABBREVIATIONS AIDS ANC ARI ASA ASFR
Page 23: TWFR TWG UESD UNDP UNICEF UP USAID
Page 26 and 27: xxiv • Map of Bangladesh
Page 28 and 29: 1.2 POPULATION Bangladesh is the mo
Page 30 and 31: • Pursue priority institutional a
Page 32 and 33: The Woman’s Questionnaire was use
Page 35 and 36: HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS AND 2 HOUSE
Page 37 and 38: Nationally, 10 percent of household
Page 39 and 40: Table 2.4 Hand washing: location Am
Page 41 and 42: Overall, 82 percent of households u
Page 43 and 44: Table 2.8 Wealth quintiles Percent
Page 45 and 46: Table 2.10 presents changes in the
Page 47 and 48: Table 2.13 School attendance Percen
Page 49 and 50: Table 2.14.2 Educational attainment
Page 51 and 52: Table 2.15 School attendance ratios
Page 53: 2.9 OWNERSHIP OF MOBILE PHONES Info
Page 56 and 57: percent of women age 15-49 have no
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Divisional differences in literacy
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Figure 3.2 Trends in exposure to ma
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Table 3.6 Occupation Percent distri
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MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTIVITY 4 Key
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4.3 AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE Marriage
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4.4 AGE AT FIRST SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
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Table 4.7 Recent sexual activity Pe
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husbands in the past 12 months comp
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The following measures of current f
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Table 5.2 Fertility by background c
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Births per woman 6.3 Figure 5.2 Tre
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Table 5.4 Children ever born and li
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The length of the birth interval is
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Table 5.7 Median duration of amenor
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Table 5.10 summarizes the median ag
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FERTILITY PREFERENCES 6 Key Finding
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Bangladesh’s National Population
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Table 6.3 Ideal number of children
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The total wanted fertility rates (T
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FERTILITY REGULATION 7 Key Findings
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There is no difference in contracep
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Table 7.3 Trends in current use of
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Figure 7.5 Trends in contraceptive
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Table 7.7 Knowledge of fertile peri
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doctors, and pharmacies), NGO-secto
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Table 7.11 Knowledge of source of s
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calendar of contraceptive use in th
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7.12 FUTURE USE OF CONTRACEPTION An
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7.14 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING
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Figure 7.10 Trends in unmet need fo
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7.16 FIELDWORKER VISITS In the 2014
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Table 7.23 Satellite clinics Percen
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INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY 8 Key Fi
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at age 0-11 months). In such cases,
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Figure 8.1 Trends in childhood mort
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Table 8.4 Early childhood mortality
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death is a delicate one, often depe
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not considered an avoidable risk. T
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developed various policies and stra
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Figure 9.1 Trend in use of antenata
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Figure 9.2 Trend in place of antena
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Table 9.4 Components of antenatal c
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Figure 9.4 Trend in facility births
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The 2014 BDHS collected information
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First-order births are more likely
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Table 9.10 Timing of first postnata
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9.3.2 Postnatal Checkup for the New
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9.4 NEWBORN CARE Newborn primary ca
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Table 9.17 Application of material
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Table 9.19 Newborn care practices:
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CHILD HEALTH 10 Key Findings • Am
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(tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussi
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10.2.3 Trends in Vaccination Covera
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Table 10.5 Diarrhea treatment Among
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Table 10.6 Diarrhea treatment with
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10.3.4 Acute Respiratory Infections
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Table 10.9 Prevalence and treatment
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NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN 11
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Height-for-age measures linear grow
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The 2014 BDHS asked mothers their p
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11.2 BREASTFEEDING AND COMPLEMENTAR
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11.3 BREASTFEEDING STATUS BY AGE Br
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Figure 11.4 Trends in exclusive bre
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For many breastfeeding children, li
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• Breastfed infants age 6-8 month
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Figure 11.7 Percentage fed accordin
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11.7.2 Micronutrient Supplementatio
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Overall, 13 percent of ever-married
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11.9 MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE AMONG MOT
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HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
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Because Bangladesh is a low-prevale
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know that HIV cannot be transmitted
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Table 12.4 Knowledge of prevention
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Table 12.6 Attitudes toward negotia
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Figure 12.2 Care seeking for STIs o
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to empower women at all stages (Min
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Table 13.2 Control over women’s c
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currently married women age 15-49 b
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Figure 13.1 Number of decisions in
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The first index is the number of de
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Table 13.9 Women’s empowerment an
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Table 13.11 Early childhood mortali
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Table 14.1 presents the percent dis
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Table 14.4 Availability of health f
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Table 14.8 shows that 72 percent of
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Black, Robert E. et al. 2008. “Ma
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National AIDS/STD Program (NASP) et
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World Health Organization (WHO) and
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A.3 SAMPLE DESIGN The 2014 BDHS sam
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Of 18,245 women eligible for indivi
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS Append
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Table B.1 List of selected variable
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Table B.3 Sampling errors: Urban sa
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Table B.5 Sampling errors: Barisal
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Table B.7 Sampling errors: Dhaka sa
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Table B.9 Sampling errors: Rajshahi
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Table B.11 Sampling errors: Sylhet
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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NIPORT Professionals Ms. Rownaq Jah
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Female Field Editors Ms. Laboni Yea
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QUESTIONNAIRES Appendix E Appendix
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INTRODUCTION AND CONSENT Hello. My
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 5 YEARS IF AGE 5-2
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 5 YEARS IF AGE 5-2
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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WEIGHT AND HEIGHT MEASUREMENT FOR C
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WEIGHT AND HEIGHT MEASUREMENT FOR E
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUND
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SECTION 2. REPRODUCTION NO. QUESTIO
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212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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SECTION 9. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS A
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INSTRUCTIONS: 1 2 ONLY ONE CODE SHO
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Bangladesh Demographic and Health S
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No. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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201. HEALTH FACILITY 03A. FAMILY WE
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List all of the OTHER NGO CLINICS (
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List all of the RURAL DISPENSARIES
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3: List of the Health and Family Pl
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4: List Depotholders. Please tell u
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6: List of doctors 601. Please prov
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SUMMARY INDICATORS Appendix F Bangl
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Bangladesh 2014

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