Bangladesh 2014

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Table 5.10 summarizes the median age at first birth for different age cohorts by respondents’ background characteristics. Among women age 20-49, the median age at first birth is one year higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Among administrative divisions, it is highest in Sylhet (19.5 years). Women who have some secondary education start childbearing 1.1 years later than those with little or no education. Median age at first birth is more than two years higher for women age 25-29 in the highest wealth quintile (19.7 years), compared with those in the lowest wealth quintile (17.4 years). 5.9 TEENAGE PREGNANCY AND MOTHERHOOD Teenage pregnancy and motherhood is a major social and health concern. Early teenage pregnancy can cause serious health problems for both the mother and the child. The 2012 Bangladesh Population Policy focused on a specific adolescent welfare program with an aim to increase awareness about family planning, reproductive health, STIs, and HIV/AIDS and to intensify information and counseling services (MOHFW 2012). Teenage mothers are more likely to suffer from severe complications during delivery, which result in high morbidity and mortality for both themselves and their children. In addition, young mothers may not be sufficiently emotionally mature to bear the burden of childbearing and rearing. Moreover, an early start to childbearing greatly reduces women’s educational and employment opportunities and is associated with higher levels of fertility. This hurts their job prospects, which often lowers their status in society. Table 5.10 Median age at first birth Median age at first birth among women age 20-49 and 25-49 years, according to background characteristics, Bangladesh 2014 Background characteristic Women age 20-49 Women age 25-49 Residence Urban 19.3 19.1 Rural 18.1 17.8 Division Barisal 18.4 18.0 Chittagong 18.8 18.6 Dhaka 18.5 18.3 Khulna 18.0 17.8 Rajshahi 17.9 17.7 Rangpur 17.6 17.4 Sylhet 19.5 19.0 Education No education 17.3 17.3 Primary incomplete 17.4 17.4 Primary complete 1 17.9 17.8 Secondary incomplete 18.5 18.4 Secondary complete or higher 2 a 22.3 Wealth quintile Lowest 17.4 17.4 Second 17.9 17.7 Middle 18.1 17.8 Fourth 18.6 18.2 Highest a 19.7 Total 18.4 18.2 a = Omitted because less than 50 percent of the women had a birth before reaching the beginning of the age group 1 Primary complete is defined as completing grade 5. 2 Secondary complete is defined as completing grade 10. Table 5.11 shows that 31 percent of adolescents age 15-19 in Bangladesh have begun childbearing; one in four teenagers have given birth and another 6 percent are pregnant with their first child. As expected, the proportion of women age 15-19 who have begun childbearing rises rapidly with age, from 9 percent among women age 15 to 58 percent among women age 19. Early childbearing among teenagers is more common in rural than in urban areas (32 versus 27 percent, respectively) and among women in Rajshahi and Rangpur divisions (37 percent each) compared with other divisions. Childbearing begins later in Sylhet than in other divisions. Delayed childbearing is strongly related to education among women age 15-19. Eighteen percent of teenagers who completed secondary or higher education in Bangladesh have begun childbearing compared with almost half of those with no education (48 percent). Childbearing begins earlier in the lowest wealth quintile: 41 percent of adolescents in this group have begun childbearing compared with 23 percent in the highest wealth quintile. The proportion of adolescents age 15-19 who have begun childbearing remained the same (33 percent) in the 2004 and 2007 BDHS surveys (NIPORT et al. 2009:56). However, early childbearing among teenage women had slightly declined, to 30 percent in 2011, and remained almost the same in 2014 (NIPORT et al. 2013). 62 • Fertility
Table 5.11 Teenage pregnancy and motherhood Percentage of women age 15-19 who have had a live birth or who are pregnant with their first child, and percentage who have begun childbearing, by background characteristics, Bangladesh 2014 Background characteristic Percentage of women age 15-19 who: Have had a live birth Are pregnant with first child Percentage who have begun childbearing Number of women Age 15 5.3 3.9 9.2 892 16 12.4 3.8 16.2 922 17 24.5 6.7 31.1 867 18 31.8 9.6 41.4 1,004 19 51.0 6.7 57.8 800 Residence Urban 21.0 6.4 27.4 1,259 Rural 26.0 6.1 32.1 3,223 Division Barisal 23.1 8.3 31.4 273 Chittagong 21.0 5.4 26.4 1,036 Dhaka 25.6 6.2 31.8 1,489 Khulna 25.3 5.9 31.2 379 Rajshahi 30.9 5.7 36.6 421 Rangpur 29.6 7.3 36.9 473 Sylhet 18.1 6.3 24.4 411 Education No education 39.6 8.7 48.3 164 Primary incomplete 38.6 6.6 45.2 519 Primary complete 1 35.2 7.9 43.0 407 Secondary incomplete 23.7 6.2 29.9 2,363 Secondary complete or higher 2 13.0 4.9 17.8 1,028 Wealth quintile Lowest 32.7 8.4 41.1 777 Second 26.4 6.7 33.2 847 Middle 25.7 5.8 31.5 952 Fourth 22.6 5.4 28.0 1,026 Highest 17.5 5.4 22.9 842 Total 24.6 6.2 30.8 4,485 1 Primary complete is defined as completing grade 5. 2 Secondary complete is defined as completing grade 10. Fertility • 63
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Bangladesh Demographic and Health S
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Cover motif: Nakshi Katha tapestry
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4.3 Age at First Marriage .........
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12 HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTI
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Table 4.4 Median age at first marri
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Table 9.5 Place of delivery .......
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14 COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS ......
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PREFACE Director General National I
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ABBREVIATIONS AIDS ANC ARI ASA ASFR
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TWFR TWG UESD UNDP UNICEF UP USAID
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xxiv • Map of Bangladesh
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1.2 POPULATION Bangladesh is the mo
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• Pursue priority institutional a
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The Woman’s Questionnaire was use
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HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS AND 2 HOUSE
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Page 43 and 44: Table 2.8 Wealth quintiles Percent
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Page 47 and 48: Table 2.13 School attendance Percen
Page 49 and 50: Table 2.14.2 Educational attainment
Page 51 and 52: Table 2.15 School attendance ratios
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Page 56 and 57: percent of women age 15-49 have no
Page 58 and 59: Divisional differences in literacy
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Page 62 and 63: Table 3.6 Occupation Percent distri
Page 65 and 66: MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTIVITY 4 Key
Page 67 and 68: 4.3 AGE AT FIRST MARRIAGE Marriage
Page 69 and 70: 4.4 AGE AT FIRST SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
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Page 91 and 92: FERTILITY PREFERENCES 6 Key Finding
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Page 95 and 96: Table 6.3 Ideal number of children
Page 97 and 98: The total wanted fertility rates (T
Page 99 and 100: FERTILITY REGULATION 7 Key Findings
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Page 103 and 104: Table 7.3 Trends in current use of
Page 105 and 106: Figure 7.5 Trends in contraceptive
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Page 117 and 118: 7.14 UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING
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Page 125 and 126: INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY 8 Key Fi
Page 127 and 128: at age 0-11 months). In such cases,
Page 129 and 130: Figure 8.1 Trends in childhood mort
Page 131 and 132: Table 8.4 Early childhood mortality
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developed various policies and stra
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Figure 9.1 Trend in use of antenata
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Figure 9.2 Trend in place of antena
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Table 9.4 Components of antenatal c
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Figure 9.4 Trend in facility births
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The 2014 BDHS collected information
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First-order births are more likely
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Table 9.10 Timing of first postnata
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9.3.2 Postnatal Checkup for the New
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9.4 NEWBORN CARE Newborn primary ca
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Table 9.17 Application of material
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Table 9.19 Newborn care practices:
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CHILD HEALTH 10 Key Findings • Am
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(tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussi
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10.2.3 Trends in Vaccination Covera
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Table 10.5 Diarrhea treatment Among
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Table 10.6 Diarrhea treatment with
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10.3.4 Acute Respiratory Infections
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Table 10.9 Prevalence and treatment
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NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN 11
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Height-for-age measures linear grow
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The 2014 BDHS asked mothers their p
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11.2 BREASTFEEDING AND COMPLEMENTAR
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11.3 BREASTFEEDING STATUS BY AGE Br
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Figure 11.4 Trends in exclusive bre
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For many breastfeeding children, li
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• Breastfed infants age 6-8 month
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Figure 11.7 Percentage fed accordin
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11.7.2 Micronutrient Supplementatio
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Overall, 13 percent of ever-married
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11.9 MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE AMONG MOT
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HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUD
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Because Bangladesh is a low-prevale
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know that HIV cannot be transmitted
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Table 12.4 Knowledge of prevention
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Table 12.6 Attitudes toward negotia
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Figure 12.2 Care seeking for STIs o
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to empower women at all stages (Min
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Table 13.2 Control over women’s c
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currently married women age 15-49 b
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Figure 13.1 Number of decisions in
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The first index is the number of de
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Table 13.9 Women’s empowerment an
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Table 13.11 Early childhood mortali
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Table 14.1 presents the percent dis
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Table 14.4 Availability of health f
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Table 14.8 shows that 72 percent of
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Black, Robert E. et al. 2008. “Ma
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National AIDS/STD Program (NASP) et
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World Health Organization (WHO) and
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A.3 SAMPLE DESIGN The 2014 BDHS sam
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Of 18,245 women eligible for indivi
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ESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERRORS Append
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Table B.1 List of selected variable
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Table B.3 Sampling errors: Urban sa
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Table B.5 Sampling errors: Barisal
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Table B.7 Sampling errors: Dhaka sa
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Table B.9 Sampling errors: Rajshahi
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Table B.11 Sampling errors: Sylhet
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Table C.3 Completeness of reporting
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Table C.6 Reporting of age at death
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NIPORT Professionals Ms. Rownaq Jah
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Female Field Editors Ms. Laboni Yea
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QUESTIONNAIRES Appendix E Appendix
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INTRODUCTION AND CONSENT Hello. My
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 5 YEARS IF AGE 5-2
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IF AGE 15 IF AGE 5 YEARS IF AGE 5-2
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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WEIGHT AND HEIGHT MEASUREMENT FOR C
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WEIGHT AND HEIGHT MEASUREMENT FOR E
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUND
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SECTION 2. REPRODUCTION NO. QUESTIO
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LAST BIRTH NEXT-TO-LAST BIRTH SECON
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SECTION 9. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS A
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INSTRUCTIONS: 1 2 ONLY ONE CODE SHO
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Bangladesh Demographic and Health S
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No. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS CODING CA
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201. HEALTH FACILITY 03A. FAMILY WE
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List all of the OTHER NGO CLINICS (
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List all of the RURAL DISPENSARIES
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3: List of the Health and Family Pl
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4: List Depotholders. Please tell u
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6: List of doctors 601. Please prov
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SUMMARY INDICATORS Appendix F Bangl
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Bangladesh 2014

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