ActionScript 3.0 Design Patterns.pdf - VideoTutorials-bg.com

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Example 8-3. Earthling.as (continued) } } } public function useWeapon( ):void { trace("Ka Boom!!!"); } Example 8-4. Main.as //Main.as package { import flash.display.Sprite; public class Main extends Sprite { public function Main( ) { //Program to implementation var alien:Alien=new Alien( ); alien.useWeapon( ); } } } //Program to interface var spaceWarrior:SpaceWarrior=new Earthling( ); spaceWarrior.useWeapon( ); Open a new Flash document file, and, in the Class Document window, type in Main. When you test the application, all you’re going to see is: Zaaaapp!!! Ka Boom!!! The first trace( ) output is what’s returned when an Alien instance calls the useWeapon( ) method, and the second for the Earthling doing the same thing. To see the difference between programming to an implementation instead of an interface, look at the following lines that are part of the Main.as script: //Program to implementation var alien:Alien=new Alien( ); alien.useWeapon( ); //Program to interface var spaceWarrior:SpaceWarrior=new Earthling( ); spaceWarrior.useWeapon( ); The first part programs to an implementation because the alien instance is typed as the implementation, Alien. (Alien implements SpaceWarrior interface.) In the second part of the segment, the spaceWarrior instance types as the supertype, SpaceWarrior. However, it is instantiated using the Earthling( ) constructor. As you can see, it Key OOP Concepts Used with the Observer Pattern | 287
works fine. What’s more, using the spaceWarrior instance, we could redefine it as an Alien( ) instance, and it’d still work fine. Change the last part to: //Program to interface var spaceWarrior:SpaceWarrior=new Earthling( ); spaceWarrior.useWeapon( ); spaceWarrior=new Alien( ); spaceWarrior.useWeapon( ); Now, the output shows: Zaaaapp!!! Ka Boom!!! Zaaaapp!!! As you can see, by programming to the interface, the instances are far more flexible. We don’t have to know what’s in the function (interface) or what it’ll do, we just know that it will do what it’s supposed to, depending on the constructor we use. Object Composition To see why object composition is favored over class inheritance, we need to see what each does. Previous chapters have used both object composition and inheritance, and so you may have some idea of what each does. Both concepts were introduced in Chapter 1, but because the Observer design pattern clearly illustrates the use of composition, we are reviewing it here again. Keeping in mind that the comparison between inheritance and object composition relates to building flexible and reusable software elements, we have a base for comparison. So we can restate the principle as: For improved flexible and reusable software, favor object composition over class inheritance. Reusable software developed through inheritance is relatively straightforward. Developers take an existing class and use it again with the particulars created through subclasses. Because the internals of the objects are often visible to the subclasses, the term white-box reuse is applied to this implementation. Object composition, by contrast, achieves new functionality by bringing together existing objects. The composition process can be understood as one class using another class’s functionality, whereas inheritance depends on the class having the functionality. So, in composition, one class uses a functionality of another class, while in inheritance, a sub class is-a class with functionality inherited from another class. Because object composition hides the internal details, the term black-box reuse is applied to this kind of development. Inheritance has some advantages in being simple to create, visible, and relatively simple for making certain types of changes. For example, if you want a change to be 288 | Chapter 8: Observer Pattern
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ActionScript 3.0 Design Patterns
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ActionScript 3.0 Design Patterns Wi
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Bill would like to dedicate this to
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Example: Sprite Factory 84 Example:
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Video Player Concrete State Applica
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Who This Book Is For We wanted to d
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What You Need to Use This Book You
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and OOP. (Working out how to conver
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Safari® Enabled When you see a Saf
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Editors Our development editor, Rob
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Design patterns provide object-orie
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that program. Like pulling a string
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Built-in State Machines: while most
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Figure 1-2. Rocket drawing Center p
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Example 1-1. TestRocket.as package
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skills that would provide the concr
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Example 1-3. PlayVideoAbstract.as (
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Hiding Your Data from Bad Consequen
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Example 1-7. Encap.as (continued) }
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Wait! There’s more! Later in this
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As you can see in Example 1-9, the
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Using Encapsulation and Design Patt
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Example 1-13. QuadPets.as (continue
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Using Interfaces and Abstract Class
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interface. You’ll need an MP3 fil
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Example 1-22. Subclass.as package {
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Example 1-25. ImplementSubChange.as
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Example 1-29. Country.as (continued
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Example 1-32. IBiz.as package { pub
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Example 1-35 has further difference
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In addition to messages in the Outp
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state here is a bit more contextual
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your client dependency leads to une
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Example 1-40. VidPlayer.as (continu
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Doing Composition To understand com
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The clearest way we’ve seen compo
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Example 1-47. Mp3.as (continued) }
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Example 1-54. TestMedia.as (continu
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and ActionScript 3.0. However, the
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Figure 1-10 shows some possible fut
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introduction to OOP, you will find
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Creational Patterns Conceal creatio
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or dependency between the Client an
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The primary responsibility of the f
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The example package contains the Pr
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Example 2-5. CreatorA.as (continued
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instantiate concrete products var p
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Example 2-8. IPrintjob.as package p
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Clients Note that the client doesn
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Extended Example: Color Printing Th
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Example 2-19. NewLowVolPrintCenter.
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Key OOP Concepts Used in the Factor
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to implement default behavior commo
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Example 2-26. ShapeCreator.as packa
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draw filled shapes filledShapeCreat
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checking if the projectile has gone
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Example 2-32. AlienMine.as (continu
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Example 2-34. AlienShip.as } } } }
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Example 2-36. Weapon.as (continued)
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Concrete Creator Classes Until we e
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in teamwork, the Singleton can be u
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To create a class, we need a public
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Example 3-4. Singleton.as package {
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Figure 3-3. Compiler not finding cl
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However, does that mean that only a
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Figure 3-5. Two instance labels and
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Example 3-10. Alert.as } } { Alert.
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However, had we done that, we would
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for playing the selected tune. If i
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MP3 file in the same folder, and re
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shipping costs. It constitutes a go
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open the Convert to Symbol dialog b
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PART III III.Structural Patterns Tr
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Chapter 4 CHAPTER 4 Decorator Patte
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like abstract classes, simply by no
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simple inheritance. Depending on ho
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Minimalist Abstract Decorator To ge
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eral months. Using a Decorator desi
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Example 4-5. DecConB.as package { /
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Applying a Simple Decorator Pattern
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If you want to create more concrete
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Example 4-15. Muff.as package { pub
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Figure 4-6. Paper doll with two dif
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Adding Properties and Methods Up to
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Decorating with Multiple Properties
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} override public function evil( ):
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Example 4-25. Compassion.as package
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Deadly sins Example 4-29. Rage.as p
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Example 4-33. Dogmatisms.as package
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class window in the Dual.fla Proper
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Example 4-37. Soul.as (continued) }
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Imagine that you are responsible fo
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Example 4-41. Accord.as (continued)
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Example 4-45. GPS.as package { publ
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Example 4-48. Deal.as 16 internal v
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Example 4-48. Deal.as 120 { 121 tra
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Figure 4-8. Decorator user interfac
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Chapter 5 CHAPTER 5 Adapter Pattern
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and their functionality to figure o
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Example 5-4. Main.as (continued) }
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Example 5-5. Adaptee.as package { p
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methods and properties to accomplis
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Example 5-9. LegacyCar.as 47 } 48 4
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ignition key of the car (assume tha
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Example 5-11. CarAdapter.as (contin
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Note that the new interface turns t
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var listField = new TextField( ); l
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Example 5-14. ListDisplayField.as 3
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Example 5-15. Main.as (document cla
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Example 5-17. Main.as (document cla
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Summary The adapter pattern allows
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objects and composite objects the s
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the components. We can think of tou
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method by tracing sName. When opera
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oot composite 1 leaf 1 leaf 2 compo
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Executing the following statements
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Example 6-6. The safeRemove( ) meth
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leaf 2 Composite 1 leaf 2 leaf 3 Di
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Example 6-9. Playlist.as (continued
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Example 6-10. Song.as 58 soundChann
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Using Inverse Kinematics Inverse ki
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Example 6-12. Composite.as package
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Example 6-14. Main.as 23 addChild(s
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The following steps relate to Figur
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Example 6-16. Tail.as package { imp
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Note how the snake is constructed u
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Example 6-18 shows the IPlane inter
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Page 277 and 278: Example 7-7. IMacroCommand.as packa
Page 279 and 280: Example 7-12. ConcreteMacroCommand.
Page 281 and 282: Example 7-14. TextButton.as package
Page 283 and 284: Example 7-15. InvokerPanel.as (cont
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Page 289 and 290: Example 7-21. IncrementCommandWithU
Page 291 and 292: Example 7-24. Client code for undoa
Page 293 and 294: Example 7-26. TextDisplayField.as (
Page 295 and 296: Example 7-28. Radio.as 44 var url =
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Page 299 and 300: Example 7-31. DynamicControlButtons
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Page 315 and 316: Example 8-9. TestSub.as (continued)
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Page 345 and 346: Example 8-26. QuarterBar.as (contin
Page 347 and 348: Example 8-27. QuarterGraph.as (cont
Page 349 and 350: Example 8-28. DataDesign.as (contin
Page 351 and 352: Summary The real test for a design
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Figure 9-3. Hollywood principle Min
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tions in the main algorithm that yo
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Example 9-4. ShedMaker.as package {
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Both instances employ the templateM
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Not-So-Concrete Concrete Classes Th
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Example 9-11. PlayVideo.as (continu
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Example 9-13. PlayMedia .as (contin
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When to Hook? The hook’s useful w
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Example 9-15. FlightPlan.as (contin
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Open a new Flash document, and type
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One application where the state pat
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tive Simulation by Jonathan Kaye an
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For example, with a two-state machi
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Example 10-2. VideoWorks.as (contin
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To complete the state machine, we n
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Example 10-7. State.as package { //
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Example 10-10. VideoWorks.as (conti
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Example 10-13. TestVid.as package {
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Example 10-13. TestVid.as (continue
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Example 10-15. StopState.as (contin
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Example 10-17. PauseState.as 22 pub
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Example 10-19. TestPause.as (contin
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Figure 10-6 shows what your video p
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Figure 10-7. Statechart with five s
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Example 10-22. PlayState.as 1 packa
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Example 10-24. RecordState.as 1 pac
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Example 10-26. VideoWorks.as (conti
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Example 10-27. TestFMS.as (continue
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Chapter CHAPTER 11 11 Strategy Patt
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say that the Context class (aggrega
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etween the context classes and the
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Example 11-3. ConcreteStrategy.as p
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Adding More Concrete Strategies and
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Example 11-9. Tricks.as (continued)
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Even though we’ve discussed some
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Example 11-18. Bubbles.as package {
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Simply by adding setters to the con
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Contexts for String Strategies You
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Example 11-24. StringWork.as packag
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Example 11-29. SortAll.as package {
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Example 11-33. TestStringStrategy.a
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Using More Than One Pattern PART V
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Chapter 12 CHAPTER 12 Model-View-Co
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triggered by a user interacting wit
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grouped together in a tabbed panel
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Example 12-2. Model.as (continued)
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Example 12-5. View.as (continued) 1
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implementations in the MVC. Our vie
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Example 12-8. CompositeView.as (con
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Example 12-10. CharCodeLeafView.as
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Key OOP Concepts in the MVC Pattern
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Example 12-12. IModel.as (Model int
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Example 12-15. Controller.as (Contr
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Example 12-16. CBView.as 24 update(
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Note that only the combo boxview th
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Example 12-18. INewModel.as (contin
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Example 12-21. RBView.as package {
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add map type select radio button gr
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Example 12-23. CarModel.as (continu
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Example 12-25. RHController.as (con
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Example 12-28. Main.as (document cl
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Example 12-30. GPSView.as package {
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Example 12-32. ChaseController.as (
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Chapter 13 CHAPTER 13 Symmetric Pro
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• Indicate that a remote player h
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Even though both of the solutions a
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Referee 1 Player1 Proxy2 Internet S
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With a single template method, and
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developed with an eye to the order
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Boolean variables to false. (The fa
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Example 13-3. RPS.as (continued) }
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Example 13-4. proxygame.asc (contin
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Example 13-5. SymPlayer1.as package
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Example 13-5. SymPlayer1.as (contin
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Example 13-5. SymPlayer1.as (contin
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In addition to using the Referee to
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Example 13-6. DynamicText.as (conti
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3. Click the Text layer to select i
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A abstract classes, 28, 31, 68, 130
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increment and decrement commands, 2
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E ECOOP, 470 EmailCheck.as, 418 enc
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MapTypeController.as, 454 MapView.a
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Q QuadPets.as, 25 R Radio.as, 273 R
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T Tail.as, 231 Target.as, 180 Templ
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