ActionScript 3.0 Design Patterns.pdf - VideoTutorials-bg.com

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In reviewing how the process works, first, the showTime instance is typed to the interface, IVid. Next, showTime instantiates the VidPlayer class that has all the details for playing the video. By doing so, it inherits the Sprite class as well as the IVid interface. Then the showTime client plays the video using the playVid( ) method. Finally, when the showTime instance is added to the display list with the addChild statement, it is added as both the child of the VidPlayer class and the DisplayObject class by using the displayObject getter. Because the getter, displayObject, is included in the display list, you will not get the following error: 1067: Implicit coercion of a value of type IVid to an unrelated type flash.display:DisplayObject. IVid appears in the error because the instance was typed to the interface instead of the implementation. By slipping in the DisplayObject typed getter method, we avoid the error. Favor Composition Throughout this chapter, we have discussed the principle of programming to the interface instead of the implementation. The second principle of object-oriented design posited by Gamma, Helm, Johnson and Vlissdes (GoF) is: Favor object composition over class inheritance. To understand this second key principle, we need to understand exactly what composition means, and its advantages over inheritance. After all, the principle is essentially stating that your programs will be better using composition than inheritance. Does this mean to abandon inheritance? After all, inheritance is one key concept in object-oriented programming. Actually, what GoF discuss is that most programmers rely too heavily on inheritance, and need to use it more in conjunction with composition. Most programmers create new objects from old objects using inheritance, and, through composition, the old and new objects can be used together. The best way to understand composition is to see it in the context of its use. In this book, both the State and Strategy patterns are built using composition, and they depend on delegation. In the State design pattern, an object delegates requests to an object representing the current state in an application. In the Strategy design pattern, specific requests are delegated to objects representing strategies (algorithms) for solving problems. The great advantage of both these design patterns is that they are flexible and not bogged down in inflexible dependencies. Favor Composition | 49
Doing Composition To understand composition, we will start with a simple example. In the next sample application you’ll see that both inheritance and composition are used together. Each example will show one of the following relationships: • “Is a” relationship: object inherited • “Has a” relationship: object composition • “Uses a” relationship: one object used by another object (instantiated without inheritance or composition.) In the next section on delegation, we’ll look at these relationships. For now, though, each of the classes in the application made up of Examples 1-42 through 1-44 show each of these relationships. The comments in the examples identify the type of relationship. First, we establish a base class to be the delegate. Example 1-42. BaseClass.as package { public class BaseClass { public function homeBase( ) { trace("This is from the Base Class"); } } } Composition includes a reference to another class in a class definition. Example 1-43 shows how a class is set up to use composition. The line private var baseClass:BaseClass; keeps the reference to BaseClass in its class definition. That line is the basis of composition. The HasBase class now Has a BaseClass. In this particular implementation, the HasBase class creates an instance of BaseClass in its constructor. Finally, a public function, doBase( ), delegates the work back to BaseClass. Example 1-43. HasBase .as package { //Composition public class HasBase { private var baseClass:BaseClass; public function HasBase( ) { baseClass=new BaseClass( ); 50 | Chapter 1: Object-Oriented Programming, Design Patterns, and ActionScript 3.0
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ActionScript 3.0 Design Patterns
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ActionScript 3.0 Design Patterns Wi
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Bill would like to dedicate this to
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Example: Sprite Factory 84 Example:
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Video Player Concrete State Applica
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Who This Book Is For We wanted to d
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What You Need to Use This Book You
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and OOP. (Working out how to conver
Page 19 and 20: Safari® Enabled When you see a Saf
Page 21 and 22: Editors Our development editor, Rob
Page 23 and 24: Design patterns provide object-orie
Page 25 and 26: that program. Like pulling a string
Page 27 and 28: Built-in State Machines: while most
Page 29 and 30: Figure 1-2. Rocket drawing Center p
Page 31 and 32: Example 1-1. TestRocket.as package
Page 33 and 34: skills that would provide the concr
Page 35 and 36: Example 1-3. PlayVideoAbstract.as (
Page 37 and 38: Hiding Your Data from Bad Consequen
Page 39 and 40: Example 1-7. Encap.as (continued) }
Page 41 and 42: Wait! There’s more! Later in this
Page 43 and 44: As you can see in Example 1-9, the
Page 45 and 46: Using Encapsulation and Design Patt
Page 47 and 48: Example 1-13. QuadPets.as (continue
Page 49 and 50: Using Interfaces and Abstract Class
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Page 53 and 54: Example 1-22. Subclass.as package {
Page 55 and 56: Example 1-25. ImplementSubChange.as
Page 57 and 58: Example 1-29. Country.as (continued
Page 59 and 60: Example 1-32. IBiz.as package { pub
Page 61 and 62: Example 1-35 has further difference
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Page 77 and 78: Example 1-54. TestMedia.as (continu
Page 79 and 80: and ActionScript 3.0. However, the
Page 81 and 82: Figure 1-10 shows some possible fut
Page 83 and 84: introduction to OOP, you will find
Page 85 and 86: Creational Patterns Conceal creatio
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Page 89 and 90: The primary responsibility of the f
Page 91 and 92: The example package contains the Pr
Page 93 and 94: Example 2-5. CreatorA.as (continued
Page 95 and 96: instantiate concrete products var p
Page 97 and 98: Example 2-8. IPrintjob.as package p
Page 99 and 100: Clients Note that the client doesn
Page 101 and 102: Extended Example: Color Printing Th
Page 103 and 104: Example 2-19. NewLowVolPrintCenter.
Page 105 and 106: Key OOP Concepts Used in the Factor
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Page 109 and 110: Example 2-26. ShapeCreator.as packa
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Concrete Creator Classes Until we e
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in teamwork, the Singleton can be u
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To create a class, we need a public
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Example 3-4. Singleton.as package {
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Figure 3-3. Compiler not finding cl
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However, does that mean that only a
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Figure 3-5. Two instance labels and
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Example 3-10. Alert.as } } { Alert.
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However, had we done that, we would
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for playing the selected tune. If i
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MP3 file in the same folder, and re
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shipping costs. It constitutes a go
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open the Convert to Symbol dialog b
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PART III III.Structural Patterns Tr
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Chapter 4 CHAPTER 4 Decorator Patte
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like abstract classes, simply by no
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simple inheritance. Depending on ho
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Minimalist Abstract Decorator To ge
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eral months. Using a Decorator desi
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Example 4-5. DecConB.as package { /
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Applying a Simple Decorator Pattern
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If you want to create more concrete
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Example 4-15. Muff.as package { pub
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Figure 4-6. Paper doll with two dif
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Adding Properties and Methods Up to
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Decorating with Multiple Properties
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} override public function evil( ):
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Example 4-25. Compassion.as package
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Deadly sins Example 4-29. Rage.as p
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Example 4-33. Dogmatisms.as package
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class window in the Dual.fla Proper
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Example 4-37. Soul.as (continued) }
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Imagine that you are responsible fo
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Example 4-41. Accord.as (continued)
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Example 4-45. GPS.as package { publ
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Example 4-48. Deal.as 16 internal v
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Example 4-48. Deal.as 120 { 121 tra
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Figure 4-8. Decorator user interfac
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Chapter 5 CHAPTER 5 Adapter Pattern
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and their functionality to figure o
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Example 5-4. Main.as (continued) }
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Example 5-5. Adaptee.as package { p
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methods and properties to accomplis
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Example 5-9. LegacyCar.as 47 } 48 4
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ignition key of the car (assume tha
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Example 5-11. CarAdapter.as (contin
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Note that the new interface turns t
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var listField = new TextField( ); l
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Example 5-14. ListDisplayField.as 3
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Example 5-15. Main.as (document cla
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Example 5-17. Main.as (document cla
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Summary The adapter pattern allows
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objects and composite objects the s
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the components. We can think of tou
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method by tracing sName. When opera
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oot composite 1 leaf 1 leaf 2 compo
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Executing the following statements
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Example 6-6. The safeRemove( ) meth
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leaf 2 Composite 1 leaf 2 leaf 3 Di
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Example 6-9. Playlist.as (continued
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Example 6-10. Song.as 58 soundChann
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Using Inverse Kinematics Inverse ki
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Example 6-12. Composite.as package
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Example 6-14. Main.as 23 addChild(s
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The following steps relate to Figur
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Example 6-16. Tail.as package { imp
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Note how the snake is constructed u
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Example 6-18 shows the IPlane inter
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Unlike the Shape class, Sprite does
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Figure 6-9. Hierarchical tree struc
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Modifying Components to Reflect Dam
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private function showDamage(evt:Eve
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Behavioral Patterns Class Communica
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Notice the tight coupling between t
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Each envelope encapsulates a partic
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instance is passed to the construct
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Setting a Trigger to Invoke the Com
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Example 7-7. IMacroCommand.as packa
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Example 7-12. ConcreteMacroCommand.
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Example 7-14. TextButton.as package
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Example 7-15. InvokerPanel.as (cont
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Extended Example: Sharing Command O
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changes are seamlessly spread throu
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Example 7-21. IncrementCommandWithU
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Example 7-24. Client code for undoa
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Example 7-26. TextDisplayField.as (
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Example 7-28. Radio.as 44 var url =
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Example 7-30. Client code for the p
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Example 7-31. DynamicControlButtons
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adio, very much like someone progra
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Chapter CHAPTER 8 8 Observer Patter
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introduced, adding a class as part
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of an abstract class or an interfac
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works fine. What’s more, using th
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this all work right is the use of a
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Example 8-7. ConcreteSubject.as (co
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Example 8-9. TestSub.as (continued)
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} this.news=news; this.sports=sport
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Example 8-12. ConcreteSubject.as pa
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Example 8-13. ConcreteObserver.as (
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Whoaa!, the stock market is at 2987
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Example 8-17. ConcreteSubject.as pa
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Launching the Space Battle In Examp
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5. In the Symbol editing mode, drag
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Figure 8-5. Android shooting a beam
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Example 8-19. ChangeHandler.as (con
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To make the task more manageable an
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Example 8-24. ConcreteObserver.as p
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In this application, all you’re r
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Example 8-26. QuarterBar.as (contin
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Example 8-27. QuarterGraph.as (cont
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Example 8-28. DataDesign.as (contin
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Summary The real test for a design
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to inspect. So, you’re going to n
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method. The child classes just give
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Further, discussing favoring compos
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Figure 9-3. Hollywood principle Min
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tions in the main algorithm that yo
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Example 9-4. ShedMaker.as package {
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Both instances employ the templateM
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Not-So-Concrete Concrete Classes Th
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Example 9-11. PlayVideo.as (continu
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Example 9-13. PlayMedia .as (contin
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When to Hook? The hook’s useful w
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Example 9-15. FlightPlan.as (contin
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Open a new Flash document, and type
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One application where the state pat
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tive Simulation by Jonathan Kaye an
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For example, with a two-state machi
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Example 10-2. VideoWorks.as (contin
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To complete the state machine, we n
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Example 10-7. State.as package { //
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Example 10-10. VideoWorks.as (conti
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Example 10-13. TestVid.as package {
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Example 10-13. TestVid.as (continue
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Example 10-15. StopState.as (contin
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Example 10-17. PauseState.as 22 pub
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Example 10-19. TestPause.as (contin
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Figure 10-6 shows what your video p
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Figure 10-7. Statechart with five s
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Example 10-22. PlayState.as 1 packa
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Example 10-24. RecordState.as 1 pac
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Example 10-26. VideoWorks.as (conti
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Example 10-27. TestFMS.as (continue
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Chapter CHAPTER 11 11 Strategy Patt
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say that the Context class (aggrega
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etween the context classes and the
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Example 11-3. ConcreteStrategy.as p
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Adding More Concrete Strategies and
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Example 11-9. Tricks.as (continued)
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Even though we’ve discussed some
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Example 11-18. Bubbles.as package {
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Simply by adding setters to the con
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Contexts for String Strategies You
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Example 11-24. StringWork.as packag
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Example 11-29. SortAll.as package {
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Example 11-33. TestStringStrategy.a
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Using More Than One Pattern PART V
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Chapter 12 CHAPTER 12 Model-View-Co
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triggered by a user interacting wit
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grouped together in a tabbed panel
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Example 12-2. Model.as (continued)
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Example 12-5. View.as (continued) 1
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implementations in the MVC. Our vie
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Example 12-8. CompositeView.as (con
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Example 12-10. CharCodeLeafView.as
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Key OOP Concepts in the MVC Pattern
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Example 12-12. IModel.as (Model int
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Example 12-15. Controller.as (Contr
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Example 12-16. CBView.as 24 update(
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Note that only the combo boxview th
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Example 12-18. INewModel.as (contin
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Example 12-21. RBView.as package {
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add map type select radio button gr
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Example 12-23. CarModel.as (continu
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Example 12-25. RHController.as (con
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Example 12-28. Main.as (document cl
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Example 12-30. GPSView.as package {
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Example 12-32. ChaseController.as (
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Chapter 13 CHAPTER 13 Symmetric Pro
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• Indicate that a remote player h
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Even though both of the solutions a
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Referee 1 Player1 Proxy2 Internet S
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With a single template method, and
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developed with an eye to the order
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Boolean variables to false. (The fa
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Example 13-3. RPS.as (continued) }
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Example 13-4. proxygame.asc (contin
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Example 13-5. SymPlayer1.as package
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Example 13-5. SymPlayer1.as (contin
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Example 13-5. SymPlayer1.as (contin
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In addition to using the Referee to
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Example 13-6. DynamicText.as (conti
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3. Click the Text layer to select i
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A abstract classes, 28, 31, 68, 130
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increment and decrement commands, 2
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E ECOOP, 470 EmailCheck.as, 418 enc
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MapTypeController.as, 454 MapView.a
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Q QuadPets.as, 25 R Radio.as, 273 R
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T Tail.as, 231 Target.as, 180 Templ
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