Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary

Trapa bispinosa Roxb.
Synonym ◮ T. natans Linn. var. bispinosa
(Roxb.) Makino.
T. quadrispinosa Wall.
Family ◮ Trapaceae.
Habitat ◮ Throughout India.
English ◮ Water Chestnut.
Ayurvedic ◮ Shrngaataka, Shrngaata,
Shrngamuula, Trikota, Jalaphala,
Trikonaphala, Paaniyaphala,
Jalkanda,Trikona,Trika.
Unani ◮ Singhaaraa.
Siddha ◮ Singara
Action ◮ The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia
of India recommends the
use of dried kernels in bleeding
disorders, threatened abortion,
dysuria, polyuria and oedema.
Flour of dried kernels is used in
preparations for breaking fast in India.
The flour is rich in proteins and
minerals. The flour, prepared from
dried kernels, of red and white varieties
contain: phosphorus 45, 48; sulphur
122.81, 130.16; calcium 60, 20; magnesium
200, 160; sodium 100, 80; and
potassium 1800, 1760 mg/100 g; iron
145.16, 129.02 and manganese 18.93,
11.36 ppm, respectively. The starch,
isolated from flour, consists of 15%
amylose and 85% amylopectin.
Dosage ◮ Dried seed—5–10 g
powder. (API, Vol. IV.)
Trema orientalis Blume.
Synonym ◮ T. amboinensis auct. non
Blume.
Family ◮ Ulmaceae.
Trewia nudiflora Linn. 667
Habitat ◮ Throughout India in
humid regions, up to 2,430 m.
English ◮ Charcoal tree, Indian
Nettle tree.
Siddha/Tamil ◮ Ambaratthi, Chenkolam.
Folk ◮ Gio.
Action ◮ Root—astringent and
styptic; prescribed for diarrhoea,
haematuria. Bark—analgesic.
Used as poultice for muscular pain.
Root, bark and leaves—used in epilepsy.
The bark contains 16% tannin. Stembark
gave triterpenoid alcohols simiarenol
and tremetol; a triterpene simiurenone;
octacosanoic acid and 1octacosanyl
acetate.
Alcoholic extract of the roots produced
a progressive depression of
blood pressure (a total of 50% in 1 h)
in cats.
Trewia nudiflora Linn.
Family ◮ Euphorbiaceae.
Habitat ◮ Throughout moist and hot
parts of India.
English ◮ False White Teak, Gutel.
Ayurvedic ◮ Shriparni, Tumri,
Pindaara. Shriparni is a synonym of
Gambhaari (Gmelina arborea).
Siddha/Tamil ◮ Attarasu, Nay Kumil.
Action ◮ Plant—antibilious, antiflatulent,
bechic, anti-inflammatory.
Root—carminative, antirheumatic.
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