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Table 7-6: HTML-Releated String Methods Method Description Example element using the provided string. blink() Creates a blinking text element enclosed by out of the provided string despite Internet Explorer's lack of support for the element. bold() Creates a bold text element indicated by out of the provided string. fixed() Creates a fixed width text element indicated by out of the provided string. fontcolor(color) Creates a tag with the color specified by the argument color. The value passed should be a valid hexadecimal string value or a string specifying a color name. Fontsize(size) Takes the argument specified by size that should be either in the range 1–7 or a relative +/– // Grow var x = "Bad Netscape".blink(); // Bad Netscape var x = "Behold!".bold(); // Behold! var x = "Code".fixed(); // Code var x = "green".font("green"); // Green var x = "Red".font("#FF0000"); // Red var x = "Change size".font(7); // Change size var x = "Change size".font("+1"); // Change size
Table 7-6: HTML-Releated String Methods Method Description Example value of 1–7 and creates a tag. italics() Creates an italics element . Link(location) Takes the argument location and forms a link with the element using the string as the link text. small() Creates a element out of the provided string. strike() Creates a element out of the provided string. Sub() Creates a subscript element specified by out of the provided string. Sup() Creates a superscript element specified by out of the provided string. var x = "Special".italics(); // Special var x = "click here".location("http://www.pint.com/"); // // click here var x = "Shrink".small(); // Shrink var x = "Legal".strike(); // Legal var x = "test".sub() // test var x = "test".sup() // test Note You may notice that it is possible to pass just about anything to these HTML methods. For example "bad".fontcolor('junk') will happily create a string containing the markup bad. No range or type checking related to HTML is provided by these methods. Notice in Table 7-6 how these JavaScript methods produce uppercase and even nonstandard markup like rather than XHTML-compliant tags. In fact, many of the methods like fontcolor() create markup strings containing deprecated elements that have been phased out under strict variants of HTML 4 and XHTML in favor of CSS-based presentation. Yet given the unfortunately somewhat slow uptake of XHTML and the only-recent improving adoption of CSS on the Web at large, it is pretty unlikely that the transition away from these elements will happen soon. Fortunately, once this does happen, we are going to have a much better set of HTML-related JavaScript methods than these String methods. The Document Object Model
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JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Referen
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JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Referen
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Serrato, Darlene Hernandez, Michele
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First JavaScript document.write("
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In this case, the tag happens to s
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Ready start alert("First Script
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Script Hiding Most browsers tend to
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alert("Your JavaScript is on!
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Event Trigger Example A re
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Notice that the src attribu
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Figure 1-6: JavaScript console used
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Table 1-1: Browser Versions and Jav
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A scripting language is a language
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This is not a problem in itself. Th
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y a linebreak without causing an er
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Being weakly typed is both a blessi
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myArray[1] = 5; myArray[2] = "Thoma
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To compare objects, JavaScript prov
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} else { } x = x + 1; First, the co
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do { document.write(x); document.wr
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This code declares a function named
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document.write("This text is no
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*/ invoke it as follows: var y = sq
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Part II: Core Language Chapter 3: D
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throughout both the chapter and the
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The other important special value i
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Things get really messy if you work
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Close examination of the table of e
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document.write("Note how newlines (
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Note Some Netscape browsers do not
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Methods of objects are accessed in
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The typeof Operator If you‘re cur
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Number "NaN", "0", or the string re
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A variable‘s name should give som
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execute. This context contains the
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} function innerFunction() { } aler
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context, the interpreter would firs
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y = y - 1 is fine. But if you make
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Operators JavaScript supports a var
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There is one further wrinkle with t
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Table 4-3 shows the bitwise operato
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Table 4-5: Shorthand Assignment wit
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Comparison Operators A comparison e
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"thomas" >> "fritz" "aaaa" >> "a" "
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var a,b,c,d; a = (b=5, c=7, d=56);
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alert(myArray[2]); alert(myArray[3]
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Table 4-9: Precedence and Associati
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JavaScript supports a core set of s
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else if (expression2) statement or
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Figure 4-1: Logical expressions can
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else if (yourGrade == 'D') alert("N
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} case 'C': alert("You passed!"); c
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{ } // do something Last, an import
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document.write("Start the countdown
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} document.write("Outerloop: "+i+""
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The with statement indicates an obj
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alter program flow. A variety of lo
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Functions do not have to receive on
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Functions always return some form o
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document.write("In function fiddle
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} x = 7; document.write("x="+x+"");
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However, more likely, we purposeful
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document.write("Entering testFuncti
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"statements for function body"); As
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A similar kind of nameless function
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The result shown next demonstrates
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Note that this isn‘t a terribly r
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Using Functions Before concluding t
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} if (addTwo.arguments.length == 2)
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familiar to anyone who has programm
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creates String objects while the Ar
Page 145 and 146: The result is As you can see, the s
Page 147 and 148: Figure 6-1: Enumerating properties
Page 149 and 150: statement; Using with lets you refe
Page 151 and 152: Declare a function taking two argum
Page 153 and 154: Table 6-2: Properties and Methods C
Page 155 and 156: Notice that we named the method att
Page 157 and 158: If the way the robot object has bee
Page 159 and 160: Object-Oriented JavaScript Before j
Page 161 and 162: } this.hasJetpack = true; This exam
Page 163 and 164: function Robot(flying, action) { }
Page 165 and 166: var feature = guard.feature; var ca
Page 167 and 168: var firstArray = []; var secondArra
Page 169 and 170: The effect is as if no element had
Page 171 and 172: var myValues = new Array(); myValue
Page 173 and 174: stack.pop(); // ["first", 10] Retur
Page 175 and 176: Unlike with the push() and shift()
Page 177 and 178: It takes a variable number of argum
Page 179 and 180: If you want to be more succinct, yo
Page 181 and 182: } { } var last = this[this.length-1
Page 183 and 184: Table 7-1: Arguments to the Date()
Page 185 and 186: document.write("The current date :
Page 187 and 188: If you are not sure whether the par
Page 189 and 190: Table 7-2: Globally Available Metho
Page 191 and 192: Table 7-4: Methods Provided by the
Page 193 and 194: var s = new String(); var headline
Page 195: var s = "JavaScript" + " is" + " a"
Page 199 and 200: This chapter is an introduction to
Page 201 and 202: expressions are designed to be very
Page 203 and 204: These characters are ^ and $, indic
Page 205 and 206: Table 8-2: Regular Expression Escap
Page 207 and 208: var pattern = /ab+c/; is read as
Page 209 and 210: var pattern = /[0-9]+/; This regula
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Page 213 and 214: You could use the following regular
Page 215 and 216: document.writeln("result.lastIndex
Page 217 and 218: } // if we have a match, print info
Page 219 and 220: Table 8-7: Static Properties of the
Page 221 and 222: var stringwithdelimits = "10 / 3 /
Page 223 and 224: Non-capturing Parentheses JavaScrip
Page 225 and 226: addresses instead of domain names (
Page 227 and 228: 1. The core JavaScript language (e.
Page 229 and 230: For the sake of brevity, some detai
Page 231 and 232: ""); document.write("Page Colors");
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Page 235 and 236: Figure 9-4: Some Document propertie
Page 237 and 238: using the traditional JavaScript
Page 239 and 240: The onclick attribute of the tag
Page 241 and 242: { } var theirname=document.myForm.u
Page 243 and 244: Greeting: The previous examp
Page 245 and 246: Table 9-4: New Document Properties
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Netscape 4 Layer Example An example
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Figure 9-8: Internet Explorer 4 obj
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finds tag with id or name = myHeadi
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Table 9-7: Some New Properties for
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onclick="document.all['heading1'].s
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style, and content) to a programmin
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var feature; var version; for (i=0;
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The most important thing to think a
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Before moving on, we need to introd
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Table 10-2: DOM Node Properties DOM
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currentElement = currentElement.fir
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DOM Test Heading
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} } else alert("No parent"); break;
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onclick="currentElement=document.do
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Collection Description >document.an
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the necessary references. Let‘s s
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} if (node.parentNode) { } //-->> i
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} function doReplace() { } var repl
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Table 10-5: Text Node Manipulation
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onclick="temp = textNode.splitText(
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7
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-->> Simple DOM HTML Editor &n
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It would be easy enough to mod
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Table 10-6: CSS Property-to-DOM Pro
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xh
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Style: normal italic oblique Wei
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onchange="theElement.style.fontSize
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Height: Width: &nbs
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theElement = document.getElementByI
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This is a paragraph This is a parag
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override them with local rules. Und
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} if (styleSheet.cssRules[0]) { } s
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There are a few things to study car
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var myWalker = document.createTreeW
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While the Traversal API is not wide
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adding content to the document. Bec
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inner/outer Tester This is a t
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>
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Figure 10-6: Using document.all[] a
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some consistency to the mad world t
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Table 11-2: Basic Events and Their
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ondblclick: onfocus: onkeydown:
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Browsers might support events othe
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onbeforedeactivate Fires just befor
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oncut Fires when selected content i
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ondrop Fires on a valid drop target
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onpropertychange Fires whenever a p
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page Non-standard Event Binding in
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this is to assign handlers after th
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Table 11-4: Effect of Returning fal
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One major difference between versio
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if you check your JavaScript consol
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To set up event capturing, use the
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keep tabs on what happened to an ev
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We may be in the gutter, but some o
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Table 11-9: Behavior of Internet Ex
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Table 11-9: Behavior of Internet Ex
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Preventing Bubbling You can stop ev
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The DOM2 Event model specification
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document.getElementById('myText').r
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Alt Key down? Control Key down? M
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The result of a click is shown in
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when the user activates the pull-do
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function killClicks(event) { } even
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-->> The killClick handler is regi
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startListen(); //-->> Current Nod
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Table 11-18 summarizes the major fe
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Part IV: Using JavaScript Chapter 1
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window.confirm(string); or simply c
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value that contains the value enter
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Opening and Closing Generic Windows
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in some browsers, while others may
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Table 12-1: Feature Parameter Value
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featurestring += "width="+document.
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Left: (IE) ScreenX: ScreenY: (Ne
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Figure 12-1: Simple window and its
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} } //-->> else customAlert("Bor
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} } myWindow.focus(); // Make the w
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windowHTML += ""; windowHTML += "An
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windowname is the name of the windo
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function moveIt() { if ((window.myW
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myWindow.moveBy(0,10);" />> X: Y:
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It is also possible to access parse
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5,4,3,2,1...BOOM Browser Self-De
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message = message.substring(1, mess
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Event Description onafterprint Even
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parent.frames[0].name would print o
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" var i = 0; msg += "Window: "+ win
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Two Frames within the naviga
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While inline frames seem to be a si
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window.onload = frameBuster; // -->
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Variables
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Back to previous page While Ja
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Interested readers are enc
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Table 13-1: Document Properties Rel
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Unvisited Link Click to show active
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Location and Related Properties The
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str += "but remember the rules of X
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You also can read the target proper
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onclick="document.myform.field1.val
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} str += "border: "+theImage.border
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(document.all[10]) or by name (docu
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Table 13-4: Common DOM Properties f
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All other (
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Table 13-7: (X)HTML Elements Associ
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Table 13-7: (X)HTML Elements Associ
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} } var newText = document.createTe
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(X)HTML Table Inspector Test T
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Jet Packs Economy JP-3455E6
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above below border box hsides vside
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for (i = 0; i > document.writeln("R
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onclick="theTable.insertRow(documen
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} var colNumber = parseFloat(column
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} var numberRowsInTable = theTable.
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onclick="doCellModification(documen
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object. As with all document object
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Just as the Document contains a col
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} document.write("length: "+length+
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property. In short, it is most usef
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Remember that these buttons (i
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Table 14-5: Properties of the HTMLB
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Closely related to inputs of type "
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Common Field Properties
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Of course, the preceding script
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Checkboxes and radio buttons (―ra
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Yes: No: Maybe: does not, as it
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yes: no: maybe: onclick="a
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-->> Hidden Fields Hidden form f
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Trainer Friend Cook An HTMLSelectEl
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} //-->> alert(msg); Option 1 Op
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cities["Australia"] = ["Sydney", "M
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Brisbane The previous example il
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eserved keyword. We‘ll see anothe
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} for (i = 0; i
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Abstracting Form Validation The pr
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} if (/[^@]+@[^@]+/.test(s)) return
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if (!isInteger(s)) return false; va
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} { } alert("Email may not be empty
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} } { } case 'notblank': if (isEmpt
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Form Validation via Hidden Fields A
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} // Check for special characters l
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A final observation that escapes ma
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JavaScript can be used to turn disa
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Figure 14-4: Rendering of dynamic f
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} } return true; else { } window.st
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Widgets: @ 1.50 each Gadgets: @
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calculated fields. Also note that,
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Figure 15-1: Manipulating Image pro
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Complete: Height: Hspace: Nam
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} } } alt.value = i.alt; border.val
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{ } var i = new Image(); i.src = ur
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The complete working example is sho
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...Page content here... Give
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{ } var abouton = new Image(); abou
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Figure 15-2
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With CSS, you can go even furthe
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Absolutely positioned elements not
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color of the region to orange as se
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} } return(getElement(layerName, la
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} /* set the width of layer named l
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* return the object for the passed
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* set the x-coordinate of layer nam
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} else if (opera) else theLayer.sty
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} { } theLayer.document.write(conte
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z: Height: Width: />>
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Figure 15-3: Testing our cross-brow
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object, enabling control of the con
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} ("") : ("lightblue")); // IE can'
Page 605 and 606:
DOM Level 2 style of event listener
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#mirror {border-style: solid; borde
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Notice how, in the preceding examp
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What's my style? Take 2 p { text-
Page 613 and 614:
Figure 15-6: A simple DHTML page tr
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} if (clipleft A point of intere
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obots!');" 'If you like our domes,
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{ } currentX = getX('ufo'); if (cur
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} if (layerobject) else return(pars
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} /* move left until boundary */ fu
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We could modify the animation
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should not be placed within a form
Page 631 and 632:
Select Navigation
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E-commerce ------------------------
Page 635 and 636:
JavaScriptRef
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Yahoo Teoma MSN DMOZ E-commerce S
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JavaScript libraries on the Web suc
Page 643 and 644:
} } { alert("Main window went away.
Page 645 and 646:
Although the following code is writ
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{ // else move it 5 more pixels in
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Figure 16-5: The slide-in menu in a
Page 652 and 653:
else if (document.all) // else if i
Page 654 and 655:
Bottom of the page As with all
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application of this technology is t
Page 658 and 659:
When you assign a new cookie value
Page 660 and 661:
array else { // extract its value }
Page 662 and 663:
a user with the cookie ―username=
Page 664 and 665:
If the user doesn‘t have cookies
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} } } value = document.cookie.subst
Page 668 and 669:
Where a calculator on the ENIAC is
Page 670 and 671:
Enter some text to store: When
Page 672 and 673:
Table 17-1: Navigator Properties fo
Page 674 and 675:
Notice already from Figure 17-1 th
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document.write("Browser Not Known:
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Error: No JavaScript Support E
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// JS 1.5 features var version="1.
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else alert("You have Flash!"); aler
Page 684 and 685:
A rendering of the example is show
Page 686 and 687:
* nasty hack to deal with doctype s
Page 689 and 690:
Under browsers like Internet Explor
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Figure 17-2: Explorer’s client ca
Page 695 and 696:
Given that some buttons can b
Page 697 and 698:
Given the danger involved in settin
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Part V: Advanced Topics Chapter Lis
Page 701 and 702:
Your browser does not support Java!
Page 703 and 704:
} public void paint(Graphics myScre
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Your browser does not support Java!
Page 707 and 708:
Plug-ins are persistent in the brow
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{ for (var i=0; i
Page 711 and 712:
{ for (var i=0; i
Page 713 and 714:
Suppose you have written some custo
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} function changeFrame(i) { } if (!
Page 717 and 718:

Page 719 and 720:
Whereas Java applets are downloaded
Page 721 and 722:
Browsers that do not understand wi
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function play() { } if (!dataReady)
Page 725 and 726:
> // you can write an image in he
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This chapter served as an introduct
Page 729 and 730:
} var img = new Image(); img.src =
Page 731 and 732:
The HTTP response code 204 ―No Co
Page 733 and 734:
{ } // If we've already got a reque
Page 735 and 736:
User: Deagol (check online status)
Page 737 and 738:
One fundamental vehicle enabling se
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{ var params = "numstories=" Note O
Page 741 and 742:
RPC Spellchecker
Page 743 and 744:
+ } if (rpcResult === true) else al
Page 745 and 746:
} var newScript = document.createEl
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Iframe RPC The Server Respon
Page 749 and 750:
echo ""; ?>> In order to see this i
Page 751 and 752:
The following example illustrates t
Page 753 and 754:
The capability to update a page wit
Page 755 and 756:
Figure 20-1: Well-formed XML under
Page 757 and 758:
in which a document‘s logical str
Page 759 and 760:
&cola; We could easily have just
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XSL Test Note In order to
Page 763 and 764:
Whereas the preceding example is ra
Page 765 and 766:
(123) 456-2222 fli@democompany.com
Page 767 and 768:
You can reference the style
Page 769 and 770:
directory {display: block;} employe
Page 771 and 772:
MathML Below x + y 2 k +
Page 773 and 774:
...HTML content... or you can refe
Page 775 and 776:
Once you bind data into a document,
Page 777 and 778:
We could further use the DOM proper
Page 779 and 780:
{ var rootElement = xmldoc.document
Page 781 and 782:
if (type == 1) { // open tag dump("
Page 783 and 784:
-->> XML Document: Name: Title
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xmldoc.async = false; xmldoc.load("
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Name: Title: Phone: Email:
Page 789 and 790:
Sales Executive (543) 555-5672 jone
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*/ var title = document.getElementB
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* append completed record to the do
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} //-->> /* append completed record
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A fake entry http://www.javascriptr
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a:hover {color:#FF9900;} #feedOutpu
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var itemURL = itemList[i].getElemen
Page 805 and 806:
If you inspect the preceding exam
Page 807 and 808:
Table 21-2: Relationship Between Mi
Page 809 and 810:
Table 21-4: Proprietary Extensions
Page 811 and 812:
of access to select one of the memb
Page 813 and 814:
The result is shown in Figure 21-1.
Page 815 and 816:
You must also indicate the comments
Page 817 and 818:
Table 21-7: Some Proprietary Featur
Page 819 and 820:
encountered. The browser generally
Page 821 and 822:
Two problematic questions are how t
Page 823 and 824:
HTML Applications HTML Applications
Page 825 and 826:
} var fso, filehandle; //-->> fso =
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E, Elephant F, Fox G, Girl H, Hat T
Page 829 and 830:
Figure 21-3: Data Binding example u
Page 831 and 832:
Figure 21-5: Using dynamic properti
Page 833 and 834:
arbitrary elements in a page. HTCs
Page 835:
var originalColor; function activat
Page 838 and 839:
Table 21-12: Some Default Behaviors
Page 840 and 841:
Figure 21-6: Pop-up windows give yo
Page 842 and 843:
There are numerous JScript capabili
Page 844 and 845:
Note Interested readers can learn m
Page 846 and 847:
Table 21-17: Components of Mozilla
Page 848 and 849:
comes from a trusted source. Such c
Page 850 and 851:
even if the page in that window was
Page 852 and 853:
of incorporation, domain name owner
Page 854 and 855:
Figure 22-2: Categorizing sites int
Page 856 and 857:
The column of Table 22-3 indicating
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function doitagain() { } document.w
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escape(document.cookie); This scri
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Although some defensive programming
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Figure 23-1: Enabling notification
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Table 23-2: Common JavaScript Error
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if (debugging) alert("Returned from
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Figure 23-4: Using Error.stack to g
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} document.writeln(x); document.wri
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Figure 23-7: Enabling script debugg
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you can replace or suppress the err
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if (window.opener && !window.opener
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} return true; window.onerror = rep
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You can also create instances of th
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if (typeof(a) != "number" || typeof
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The appearance of a browser to supp
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efresher. We now turn our attention
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teksasliunescape(teks);document.wri
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Standard Version Description ECMASc
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Table A-7: Primitive JavaScript Dat
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Table A-11: Result of Type Conversi
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Object Description Array Provides a
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new Function(["arg1", ["arg2"], …
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Table A-21: Binary and Self-assignm
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A JavaScript implementation should
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} where statements is composed of z
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switch (expression) { } case val1:
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document.write(i+""); i++; } while
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Table A-27: Some Regular Expression
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Table A-32: Advanced Regular Expres
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Figure B-2: The traditional object
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Figure B-6: The Internet Explorer 4
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className String holding value of t
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eadyState Read-only string containi
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fireEvent(handler [, event]) Causes
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setExpression(property, expression
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Supported in IE4+, MOZ/N6+, DOM1. N
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This object has the following prope
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In Netscape 4.0-4.05 (JavaScript 1.
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ig, HTMLElement (Document Object) T
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constructor Reference to the constr
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caption, HTMLTableCaptionElement (D
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clipboardData (Proprietary Browser
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"move", "copyLink", "copyMove", "li
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setDate(dayOfMonth) Sets the day of
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Supported in Internet Explorer 4+,
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Document (Document Object) The Docu
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styleSheets[] Collection of styleSh
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Methods This object has only the me
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The message string defines the text
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properties ALT_MASK, CONTROL_MASK,
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setCapture([containerCapture]) Caus
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onblur Fires when an element loses
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Netscape Extended Events The follow
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onresizeend Fires when the user fin
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This object has the following metho
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Support Supported in Internet Explo
Page 973 and 974:
Constructor This object cannot be i
Page 975 and 976:
Individual entries in the history a
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scrolling String specifying whether
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"hidden", "image", and "button". Tr
Page 981 and 982:
Despite being a tag found within a
Page 983 and 984:
This object has the following prope
Page 985 and 986:
Generally speaking, reserved words
Page 987 and 988:
Index Symbols -- (decrement) operat
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ActiveXObject, 655-657, 772 addEven
Page 991 and 992:
properties, 775 removing elements,
Page 993 and 994:
ody object, HTMLBodyElement, 780-78
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dataTransfer, 788-789 external, 817
Page 997 and 998:
passing composite types, 115-116 pa
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speed of writing, 724 value of comm
Page 1001 and 1002:
overview of, 522 parsing, 525-526 r
Page 1003 and 1004:
undefined, 58-60 dataTransfer objec
Page 1005 and 1006:
ollovers, 498-499 sparing use of DH
Page 1007 and 1008:
document objects, 761-769 abbr, 771
Page 1009 and 1010:
optGroup, 851 option, 851-852 overv
Page 1011 and 1012:
document tree navigation, browser d
Page 1013 and 1014:
dynamic typing, 29-31, 155 Index_E
Page 1015 and 1016:
special characters, 54-55 strings,
Page 1017 and 1018:
defined, 297 overview of, 298 Event
Page 1019 and 1020:
advantages/disadvantages, 16 functi
Page 1021 and 1022:
properties, 417-419 form validation
Page 1023 and 1024:
passing primitive types by value, 1
Page 1025 and 1026:
HTML applications (HTA), 657-660, 6
Page 1027 and 1028:
Radio, 856-857 Reset, 859-860 submi
Page 1029 and 1030:
events, 814-817 hiding proprietary
Page 1031 and 1032:
one-way communication with servers,
Page 1033 and 1034:
Java applets accessing in JavaScrip
Page 1035 and 1036:
keyboard masking, 453-454 keywords
Page 1037 and 1038:
syntax, 737-738 variable declaratio
Page 1039 and 1040:
methods common to all objects, 145-
Page 1041 and 1042:
owser supporting, 134 javaEnabled(
Page 1043 and 1044:
null data type conversion of, 734 d
Page 1045 and 1046:
objects, 133-158 as associative arr
Page 1047 and 1048:
comparison. see comparison operator
Page 1049 and 1050:
IE security zones, 686-690 Mozilla,
Page 1051 and 1052:
prototypes, extending Array objects
Page 1053 and 1054:
string methods, 211-214 syntax, 748
Page 1055 and 1056:
RPCs (remote procedure calls) callb
Page 1057 and 1058:
ActiveXObject, 655-656 browser issu
Page 1059 and 1060:
square brackets ([ ]), 93, 198 src
Page 1061 and 1062:
functions made accessible by, 135 m
Page 1063 and 1064:
logical operators, 740 loops, 746-7
Page 1065 and 1066:
methods common to all objects, 145-
Page 1067 and 1068:
Index_V V valid XML, 607-608 value,
Page 1069 and 1070:
document property, 134 DOM methods
Page 1071 and 1072:
eference book, 6 referencing elemen
Page 1073 and 1074:
List of Figures Chapter 1: Introduc
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Figure 11-1: A click on the bold te
Page 1077 and 1078:
Figure 20-7: XHTML with MathML and
Page 1079 and 1080:
List of Tables Chapter 1: Introduct
Page 1081 and 1082:
Table 10-3: DOM Level 0 Collections
Page 1083 and 1084:
Table 15-2: Position-Related Proper
Page 1085 and 1086:
Table A-13: Result of Type Conversi
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