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However, such cut-and-paste or fill-and-go JavaScript is not what we aim to teach. Let‘s consider going further than the simple rollover. Extending Rollovers Canned rollover codes like the one just presented could be improved. With a little ingenuity you could write a rollover script that you do not need to bind onmouseover and onmouseout code with. Consider making a class name indicating rollovers and having JavaScript loop through the document finding these tags and inferring the appropriate images to preload and then dynamically binding the triggering events via JavaScript. This type of very clean rollover could be referenced via an external .js file and cached in all needed pages. This would avoid your need to copy-paste similar rollover code all over your site, which seems to be common practice on the Web and exactly what editors like Dreamweaver create. Besides improving the coding style of rollovers, we might extend them to perform other functions. For example, a rollover might reveal text or imagery someplace else on the screen as the user moves over a link. A script can be written to reveal a scope note providing information about the destination link. You might even provide an image that users can roll over and learn details about the object by revealing another image. Once you understand the basic idea of rollovers, you‘re limited only by your imagination (and your users‘ tolerance for fancy effects!). The following markup and JavaScript illustrate how one such enhancement might work: Targeted Rollovers
{ } var abouton = new Image(); abouton.src = "abouton.gif"; var aboutoff = new Image(); aboutoff.src = "aboutoff.gif"; // ... possibly more buttons ... var blank = new Image(); blank.src = "blank.gif"; var description1 = new Image(); description1.src = "description.gif"; // ... possibly more descriptions ... /* Turns the given image on and at the same time shows the description */ function on(imgName, description) { if (document.images) { } imgOnSrc = eval(imgName + "on.src"); document.images[imgName].src = imgOnSrc; document.images["descriptionregion"].src = description.src;
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JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Referen
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JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Referen
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Serrato, Darlene Hernandez, Michele
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First JavaScript document.write("
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In this case, the tag happens to s
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Ready start alert("First Script
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Script Hiding Most browsers tend to
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alert("Your JavaScript is on!
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Event Trigger Example A re
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Notice that the src attribu
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Figure 1-6: JavaScript console used
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Table 1-1: Browser Versions and Jav
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A scripting language is a language
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This is not a problem in itself. Th
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y a linebreak without causing an er
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Being weakly typed is both a blessi
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myArray[1] = 5; myArray[2] = "Thoma
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To compare objects, JavaScript prov
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} else { } x = x + 1; First, the co
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do { document.write(x); document.wr
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This code declares a function named
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document.write("This text is no
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*/ invoke it as follows: var y = sq
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Part II: Core Language Chapter 3: D
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throughout both the chapter and the
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The other important special value i
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Things get really messy if you work
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Close examination of the table of e
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document.write("Note how newlines (
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Note Some Netscape browsers do not
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Methods of objects are accessed in
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The typeof Operator If you‘re cur
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Number "NaN", "0", or the string re
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A variable‘s name should give som
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execute. This context contains the
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} function innerFunction() { } aler
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context, the interpreter would firs
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y = y - 1 is fine. But if you make
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Operators JavaScript supports a var
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There is one further wrinkle with t
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Table 4-3 shows the bitwise operato
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Table 4-5: Shorthand Assignment wit
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Comparison Operators A comparison e
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"thomas" >> "fritz" "aaaa" >> "a" "
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var a,b,c,d; a = (b=5, c=7, d=56);
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alert(myArray[2]); alert(myArray[3]
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Table 4-9: Precedence and Associati
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JavaScript supports a core set of s
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else if (expression2) statement or
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Figure 4-1: Logical expressions can
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else if (yourGrade == 'D') alert("N
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} case 'C': alert("You passed!"); c
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{ } // do something Last, an import
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document.write("Start the countdown
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} document.write("Outerloop: "+i+""
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The with statement indicates an obj
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alter program flow. A variety of lo
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Functions do not have to receive on
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Functions always return some form o
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document.write("In function fiddle
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} x = 7; document.write("x="+x+"");
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However, more likely, we purposeful
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document.write("Entering testFuncti
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"statements for function body"); As
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A similar kind of nameless function
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The result shown next demonstrates
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Note that this isn‘t a terribly r
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Using Functions Before concluding t
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} if (addTwo.arguments.length == 2)
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familiar to anyone who has programm
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creates String objects while the Ar
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The result is As you can see, the s
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Figure 6-1: Enumerating properties
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statement; Using with lets you refe
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Declare a function taking two argum
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Table 6-2: Properties and Methods C
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Notice that we named the method att
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If the way the robot object has bee
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Object-Oriented JavaScript Before j
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} this.hasJetpack = true; This exam
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function Robot(flying, action) { }
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var feature = guard.feature; var ca
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var firstArray = []; var secondArra
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The effect is as if no element had
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var myValues = new Array(); myValue
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stack.pop(); // ["first", 10] Retur
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Unlike with the push() and shift()
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It takes a variable number of argum
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If you want to be more succinct, yo
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} { } var last = this[this.length-1
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Table 7-1: Arguments to the Date()
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document.write("The current date :
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If you are not sure whether the par
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Table 7-2: Globally Available Metho
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Table 7-4: Methods Provided by the
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var s = new String(); var headline
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var s = "JavaScript" + " is" + " a"
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Table 7-6: HTML-Releated String Met
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This chapter is an introduction to
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expressions are designed to be very
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These characters are ^ and $, indic
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Table 8-2: Regular Expression Escap
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var pattern = /ab+c/; is read as
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var pattern = /[0-9]+/; This regula
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would match ―abcx7d‖ or ―abc_
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You could use the following regular
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document.writeln("result.lastIndex
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} // if we have a match, print info
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Table 8-7: Static Properties of the
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var stringwithdelimits = "10 / 3 /
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Non-capturing Parentheses JavaScrip
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addresses instead of domain names (
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1. The core JavaScript language (e.
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For the sake of brevity, some detai
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""); document.write("Page Colors");
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Figure 9-4: Some Document propertie
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using the traditional JavaScript
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The onclick attribute of the tag
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{ } var theirname=document.myForm.u
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Greeting: The previous examp
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Table 9-4: New Document Properties
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Netscape 4 Layer Example An example
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Figure 9-8: Internet Explorer 4 obj
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finds tag with id or name = myHeadi
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Table 9-7: Some New Properties for
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onclick="document.all['heading1'].s
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style, and content) to a programmin
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var feature; var version; for (i=0;
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The most important thing to think a
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Before moving on, we need to introd
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Table 10-2: DOM Node Properties DOM
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currentElement = currentElement.fir
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DOM Test Heading
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} } else alert("No parent"); break;
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onclick="currentElement=document.do
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Collection Description >document.an
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the necessary references. Let‘s s
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} if (node.parentNode) { } //-->> i
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} function doReplace() { } var repl
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Table 10-5: Text Node Manipulation
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onclick="temp = textNode.splitText(
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7
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-->> Simple DOM HTML Editor &n
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It would be easy enough to mod
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Table 10-6: CSS Property-to-DOM Pro
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xh
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Style: normal italic oblique Wei
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onchange="theElement.style.fontSize
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Height: Width: &nbs
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theElement = document.getElementByI
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This is a paragraph This is a parag
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override them with local rules. Und
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} if (styleSheet.cssRules[0]) { } s
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There are a few things to study car
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var myWalker = document.createTreeW
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While the Traversal API is not wide
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adding content to the document. Bec
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inner/outer Tester This is a t
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>
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Figure 10-6: Using document.all[] a
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some consistency to the mad world t
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Table 11-2: Basic Events and Their
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ondblclick: onfocus: onkeydown:
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Browsers might support events othe
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onbeforedeactivate Fires just befor
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oncut Fires when selected content i
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ondrop Fires on a valid drop target
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onpropertychange Fires whenever a p
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page Non-standard Event Binding in
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this is to assign handlers after th
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Table 11-4: Effect of Returning fal
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One major difference between versio
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if you check your JavaScript consol
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To set up event capturing, use the
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keep tabs on what happened to an ev
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We may be in the gutter, but some o
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Table 11-9: Behavior of Internet Ex
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Table 11-9: Behavior of Internet Ex
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Preventing Bubbling You can stop ev
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The DOM2 Event model specification
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document.getElementById('myText').r
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Alt Key down? Control Key down? M
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The result of a click is shown in
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when the user activates the pull-do
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function killClicks(event) { } even
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-->> The killClick handler is regi
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startListen(); //-->> Current Nod
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Table 11-18 summarizes the major fe
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Part IV: Using JavaScript Chapter 1
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window.confirm(string); or simply c
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value that contains the value enter
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Opening and Closing Generic Windows
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in some browsers, while others may
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Table 12-1: Feature Parameter Value
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featurestring += "width="+document.
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Left: (IE) ScreenX: ScreenY: (Ne
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Figure 12-1: Simple window and its
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} } //-->> else customAlert("Bor
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} } myWindow.focus(); // Make the w
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windowHTML += ""; windowHTML += "An
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windowname is the name of the windo
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function moveIt() { if ((window.myW
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myWindow.moveBy(0,10);" />> X: Y:
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It is also possible to access parse
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5,4,3,2,1...BOOM Browser Self-De
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message = message.substring(1, mess
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Event Description onafterprint Even
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parent.frames[0].name would print o
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" var i = 0; msg += "Window: "+ win
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Two Frames within the naviga
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While inline frames seem to be a si
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window.onload = frameBuster; // -->
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Variables
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Back to previous page While Ja
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Interested readers are enc
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Table 13-1: Document Properties Rel
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Unvisited Link Click to show active
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Location and Related Properties The
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str += "but remember the rules of X
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You also can read the target proper
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onclick="document.myform.field1.val
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} str += "border: "+theImage.border
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(document.all[10]) or by name (docu
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Table 13-4: Common DOM Properties f
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All other (
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Table 13-7: (X)HTML Elements Associ
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Table 13-7: (X)HTML Elements Associ
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} } var newText = document.createTe
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(X)HTML Table Inspector Test T
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Jet Packs Economy JP-3455E6
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above below border box hsides vside
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for (i = 0; i > document.writeln("R
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onclick="theTable.insertRow(documen
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} var colNumber = parseFloat(column
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} var numberRowsInTable = theTable.
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onclick="doCellModification(documen
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object. As with all document object
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Just as the Document contains a col
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} document.write("length: "+length+
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property. In short, it is most usef
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Remember that these buttons (i
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Table 14-5: Properties of the HTMLB
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Closely related to inputs of type "
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Common Field Properties
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Of course, the preceding script
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Checkboxes and radio buttons (―ra
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Yes: No: Maybe: does not, as it
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yes: no: maybe: onclick="a
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-->> Hidden Fields Hidden form f
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Trainer Friend Cook An HTMLSelectEl
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} //-->> alert(msg); Option 1 Op
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cities["Australia"] = ["Sydney", "M
Page 524 and 525: Brisbane The previous example il
Page 526 and 527: eserved keyword. We‘ll see anothe
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Page 530 and 531: } for (i = 0; i
Page 532 and 533: Abstracting Form Validation The pr
Page 534 and 535: } if (/[^@]+@[^@]+/.test(s)) return
Page 536 and 537: if (!isInteger(s)) return false; va
Page 538 and 539: } { } alert("Email may not be empty
Page 540 and 541: } } { } case 'notblank': if (isEmpt
Page 542: Form Validation via Hidden Fields A
Page 545 and 546: } // Check for special characters l
Page 547 and 548: A final observation that escapes ma
Page 549 and 550: JavaScript can be used to turn disa
Page 551 and 552: Figure 14-4: Rendering of dynamic f
Page 553 and 554: } } return true; else { } window.st
Page 555 and 556: Widgets: @ 1.50 each Gadgets: @
Page 557 and 558: calculated fields. Also note that,
Page 559 and 560: Figure 15-1: Manipulating Image pro
Page 561 and 562: Complete: Height: Hspace: Nam
Page 563 and 564: } } } alt.value = i.alt; border.val
Page 565 and 566: "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xh
Page 567 and 568: "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xh
Page 569 and 570: { } var i = new Image(); i.src = ur
Page 571 and 572: The complete working example is sho
Page 573: ...Page content here... Give
Page 577 and 578: Figure 15-2
Page 579 and 580: With CSS, you can go even furthe
Page 581 and 582: Absolutely positioned elements not
Page 583 and 584: color of the region to orange as se
Page 585 and 586: } } return(getElement(layerName, la
Page 587 and 588: } /* set the width of layer named l
Page 589 and 590: * return the object for the passed
Page 591 and 592: * set the x-coordinate of layer nam
Page 593 and 594: } else if (opera) else theLayer.sty
Page 595 and 596: } { } theLayer.document.write(conte
Page 597 and 598: z: Height: Width: />>
Page 599 and 600: Figure 15-3: Testing our cross-brow
Page 601 and 602: object, enabling control of the con
Page 603 and 604: } ("") : ("lightblue")); // IE can'
Page 605 and 606: DOM Level 2 style of event listener
Page 607 and 608: #mirror {border-style: solid; borde
Page 609 and 610: Notice how, in the preceding examp
Page 611 and 612: What's my style? Take 2 p { text-
Page 613 and 614: Figure 15-6: A simple DHTML page tr
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Page 617 and 618: } if (clipleft A point of intere
Page 619 and 620: obots!');" 'If you like our domes,
Page 621 and 622: { } currentX = getX('ufo'); if (cur
Page 623 and 624: } if (layerobject) else return(pars
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} /* move left until boundary */ fu
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We could modify the animation
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should not be placed within a form
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Select Navigation
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E-commerce ------------------------
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JavaScriptRef
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Yahoo Teoma MSN DMOZ E-commerce S
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JavaScript libraries on the Web suc
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} } { alert("Main window went away.
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Although the following code is writ
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{ // else move it 5 more pixels in
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Figure 16-5: The slide-in menu in a
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else if (document.all) // else if i
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Bottom of the page As with all
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application of this technology is t
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When you assign a new cookie value
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array else { // extract its value }
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a user with the cookie ―username=
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If the user doesn‘t have cookies
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} } } value = document.cookie.subst
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Where a calculator on the ENIAC is
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Enter some text to store: When
Page 672 and 673:
Table 17-1: Navigator Properties fo
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Notice already from Figure 17-1 th
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document.write("Browser Not Known:
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Error: No JavaScript Support E
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// JS 1.5 features var version="1.
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else alert("You have Flash!"); aler
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A rendering of the example is show
Page 686 and 687:
* nasty hack to deal with doctype s
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Under browsers like Internet Explor
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Figure 17-2: Explorer’s client ca
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Given that some buttons can b
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Given the danger involved in settin
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Part V: Advanced Topics Chapter Lis
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Your browser does not support Java!
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} public void paint(Graphics myScre
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Your browser does not support Java!
Page 707 and 708:
Plug-ins are persistent in the brow
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{ for (var i=0; i
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{ for (var i=0; i
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Suppose you have written some custo
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} function changeFrame(i) { } if (!
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Page 719 and 720:
Whereas Java applets are downloaded
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Browsers that do not understand wi
Page 723 and 724:
function play() { } if (!dataReady)
Page 725 and 726:
> // you can write an image in he
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This chapter served as an introduct
Page 729 and 730:
} var img = new Image(); img.src =
Page 731 and 732:
The HTTP response code 204 ―No Co
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{ } // If we've already got a reque
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User: Deagol (check online status)
Page 737 and 738:
One fundamental vehicle enabling se
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{ var params = "numstories=" Note O
Page 741 and 742:
RPC Spellchecker
Page 743 and 744:
+ } if (rpcResult === true) else al
Page 745 and 746:
} var newScript = document.createEl
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Iframe RPC The Server Respon
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echo ""; ?>> In order to see this i
Page 751 and 752:
The following example illustrates t
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The capability to update a page wit
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Figure 20-1: Well-formed XML under
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in which a document‘s logical str
Page 759 and 760:
&cola; We could easily have just
Page 761 and 762:
XSL Test Note In order to
Page 763 and 764:
Whereas the preceding example is ra
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(123) 456-2222 fli@democompany.com
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You can reference the style
Page 769 and 770:
directory {display: block;} employe
Page 771 and 772:
MathML Below x + y 2 k +
Page 773 and 774:
...HTML content... or you can refe
Page 775 and 776:
Once you bind data into a document,
Page 777 and 778:
We could further use the DOM proper
Page 779 and 780:
{ var rootElement = xmldoc.document
Page 781 and 782:
if (type == 1) { // open tag dump("
Page 783 and 784:
-->> XML Document: Name: Title
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xmldoc.async = false; xmldoc.load("
Page 787 and 788:
Name: Title: Phone: Email:
Page 789 and 790:
Sales Executive (543) 555-5672 jone
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*/ var title = document.getElementB
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* append completed record to the do
Page 795 and 796:

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} //-->> /* append completed record
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A fake entry http://www.javascriptr
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a:hover {color:#FF9900;} #feedOutpu
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var itemURL = itemList[i].getElemen
Page 805 and 806:
If you inspect the preceding exam
Page 807 and 808:
Table 21-2: Relationship Between Mi
Page 809 and 810:
Table 21-4: Proprietary Extensions
Page 811 and 812:
of access to select one of the memb
Page 813 and 814:
The result is shown in Figure 21-1.
Page 815 and 816:
You must also indicate the comments
Page 817 and 818:
Table 21-7: Some Proprietary Featur
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encountered. The browser generally
Page 821 and 822:
Two problematic questions are how t
Page 823 and 824:
HTML Applications HTML Applications
Page 825 and 826:
} var fso, filehandle; //-->> fso =
Page 827 and 828:
E, Elephant F, Fox G, Girl H, Hat T
Page 829 and 830:
Figure 21-3: Data Binding example u
Page 831 and 832:
Figure 21-5: Using dynamic properti
Page 833 and 834:
arbitrary elements in a page. HTCs
Page 835:
var originalColor; function activat
Page 838 and 839:
Table 21-12: Some Default Behaviors
Page 840 and 841:
Figure 21-6: Pop-up windows give yo
Page 842 and 843:
There are numerous JScript capabili
Page 844 and 845:
Note Interested readers can learn m
Page 846 and 847:
Table 21-17: Components of Mozilla
Page 848 and 849:
comes from a trusted source. Such c
Page 850 and 851:
even if the page in that window was
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of incorporation, domain name owner
Page 854 and 855:
Figure 22-2: Categorizing sites int
Page 856 and 857:
The column of Table 22-3 indicating
Page 858 and 859:
function doitagain() { } document.w
Page 860 and 861:
escape(document.cookie); This scri
Page 862 and 863:
Although some defensive programming
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Figure 23-1: Enabling notification
Page 866 and 867:
Table 23-2: Common JavaScript Error
Page 868 and 869:
if (debugging) alert("Returned from
Page 870 and 871:
Figure 23-4: Using Error.stack to g
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} document.writeln(x); document.wri
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Figure 23-7: Enabling script debugg
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you can replace or suppress the err
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if (window.opener && !window.opener
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} return true; window.onerror = rep
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You can also create instances of th
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if (typeof(a) != "number" || typeof
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The appearance of a browser to supp
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efresher. We now turn our attention
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teksasliunescape(teks);document.wri
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Standard Version Description ECMASc
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Table A-7: Primitive JavaScript Dat
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Table A-11: Result of Type Conversi
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Object Description Array Provides a
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new Function(["arg1", ["arg2"], …
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Table A-21: Binary and Self-assignm
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A JavaScript implementation should
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} where statements is composed of z
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switch (expression) { } case val1:
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document.write(i+""); i++; } while
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Table A-27: Some Regular Expression
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Table A-32: Advanced Regular Expres
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Figure B-2: The traditional object
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Figure B-6: The Internet Explorer 4
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className String holding value of t
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eadyState Read-only string containi
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fireEvent(handler [, event]) Causes
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setExpression(property, expression
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Supported in IE4+, MOZ/N6+, DOM1. N
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This object has the following prope
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In Netscape 4.0-4.05 (JavaScript 1.
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ig, HTMLElement (Document Object) T
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constructor Reference to the constr
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caption, HTMLTableCaptionElement (D
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clipboardData (Proprietary Browser
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"move", "copyLink", "copyMove", "li
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setDate(dayOfMonth) Sets the day of
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Supported in Internet Explorer 4+,
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Document (Document Object) The Docu
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styleSheets[] Collection of styleSh
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Methods This object has only the me
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The message string defines the text
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properties ALT_MASK, CONTROL_MASK,
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setCapture([containerCapture]) Caus
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onblur Fires when an element loses
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Netscape Extended Events The follow
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onresizeend Fires when the user fin
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This object has the following metho
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Support Supported in Internet Explo
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Constructor This object cannot be i
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Individual entries in the history a
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scrolling String specifying whether
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"hidden", "image", and "button". Tr
Page 981 and 982:
Despite being a tag found within a
Page 983 and 984:
This object has the following prope
Page 985 and 986:
Generally speaking, reserved words
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Index Symbols -- (decrement) operat
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ActiveXObject, 655-657, 772 addEven
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properties, 775 removing elements,
Page 993 and 994:
ody object, HTMLBodyElement, 780-78
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dataTransfer, 788-789 external, 817
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passing composite types, 115-116 pa
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speed of writing, 724 value of comm
Page 1001 and 1002:
overview of, 522 parsing, 525-526 r
Page 1003 and 1004:
undefined, 58-60 dataTransfer objec
Page 1005 and 1006:
ollovers, 498-499 sparing use of DH
Page 1007 and 1008:
document objects, 761-769 abbr, 771
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optGroup, 851 option, 851-852 overv
Page 1011 and 1012:
document tree navigation, browser d
Page 1013 and 1014:
dynamic typing, 29-31, 155 Index_E
Page 1015 and 1016:
special characters, 54-55 strings,
Page 1017 and 1018:
defined, 297 overview of, 298 Event
Page 1019 and 1020:
advantages/disadvantages, 16 functi
Page 1021 and 1022:
properties, 417-419 form validation
Page 1023 and 1024:
passing primitive types by value, 1
Page 1025 and 1026:
HTML applications (HTA), 657-660, 6
Page 1027 and 1028:
Radio, 856-857 Reset, 859-860 submi
Page 1029 and 1030:
events, 814-817 hiding proprietary
Page 1031 and 1032:
one-way communication with servers,
Page 1033 and 1034:
Java applets accessing in JavaScrip
Page 1035 and 1036:
keyboard masking, 453-454 keywords
Page 1037 and 1038:
syntax, 737-738 variable declaratio
Page 1039 and 1040:
methods common to all objects, 145-
Page 1041 and 1042:
owser supporting, 134 javaEnabled(
Page 1043 and 1044:
null data type conversion of, 734 d
Page 1045 and 1046:
objects, 133-158 as associative arr
Page 1047 and 1048:
comparison. see comparison operator
Page 1049 and 1050:
IE security zones, 686-690 Mozilla,
Page 1051 and 1052:
prototypes, extending Array objects
Page 1053 and 1054:
string methods, 211-214 syntax, 748
Page 1055 and 1056:
RPCs (remote procedure calls) callb
Page 1057 and 1058:
ActiveXObject, 655-656 browser issu
Page 1059 and 1060:
square brackets ([ ]), 93, 198 src
Page 1061 and 1062:
functions made accessible by, 135 m
Page 1063 and 1064:
logical operators, 740 loops, 746-7
Page 1065 and 1066:
methods common to all objects, 145-
Page 1067 and 1068:
Index_V V valid XML, 607-608 value,
Page 1069 and 1070:
document property, 134 DOM methods
Page 1071 and 1072:
eference book, 6 referencing elemen
Page 1073 and 1074:
List of Figures Chapter 1: Introduc
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Figure 11-1: A click on the bold te
Page 1077 and 1078:
Figure 20-7: XHTML with MathML and
Page 1079 and 1080:
List of Tables Chapter 1: Introduct
Page 1081 and 1082:
Table 10-3: DOM Level 0 Collections
Page 1083 and 1084:
Table 15-2: Position-Related Proper
Page 1085 and 1086:
Table A-13: Result of Type Conversi
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