JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Reference, Second ... - freecodingtutorial

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Under browsers like Internet Explorer that support expressions within CSS rules, we might use something cleaner like this: Internet Explorer Font Sizing! Note It might be even better to avoid using JavaScript to size objects in CSS and instead rely on relative sizing measurements, like percentage or em values. Besides sizing, we might also dynamically address color issues on the Web using JavaScript. For example, many designers still use reduced color images that stick to a limited 216-color palette, called the ―browser-safe‖ palette, when they might be able to use richer images in many situations. The following code could be used to insert different types of images conditionally: >
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JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Referen
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JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Referen
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Serrato, Darlene Hernandez, Michele
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First JavaScript document.write("
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In this case, the tag happens to s
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Ready start alert("First Script
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Script Hiding Most browsers tend to
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alert("Your JavaScript is on!
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Event Trigger Example A re
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Notice that the src attribu
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Figure 1-6: JavaScript console used
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Table 1-1: Browser Versions and Jav
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A scripting language is a language
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This is not a problem in itself. Th
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y a linebreak without causing an er
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Being weakly typed is both a blessi
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myArray[1] = 5; myArray[2] = "Thoma
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To compare objects, JavaScript prov
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} else { } x = x + 1; First, the co
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do { document.write(x); document.wr
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This code declares a function named
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document.write("This text is no
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*/ invoke it as follows: var y = sq
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Part II: Core Language Chapter 3: D
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throughout both the chapter and the
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The other important special value i
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Things get really messy if you work
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Close examination of the table of e
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document.write("Note how newlines (
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Note Some Netscape browsers do not
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Methods of objects are accessed in
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The typeof Operator If you‘re cur
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Number "NaN", "0", or the string re
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A variable‘s name should give som
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execute. This context contains the
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} function innerFunction() { } aler
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context, the interpreter would firs
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y = y - 1 is fine. But if you make
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Operators JavaScript supports a var
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There is one further wrinkle with t
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Table 4-3 shows the bitwise operato
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Table 4-5: Shorthand Assignment wit
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Comparison Operators A comparison e
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"thomas" >> "fritz" "aaaa" >> "a" "
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var a,b,c,d; a = (b=5, c=7, d=56);
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alert(myArray[2]); alert(myArray[3]
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Table 4-9: Precedence and Associati
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JavaScript supports a core set of s
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else if (expression2) statement or
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Figure 4-1: Logical expressions can
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else if (yourGrade == 'D') alert("N
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} case 'C': alert("You passed!"); c
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{ } // do something Last, an import
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document.write("Start the countdown
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} document.write("Outerloop: "+i+""
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The with statement indicates an obj
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alter program flow. A variety of lo
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Functions do not have to receive on
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Functions always return some form o
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document.write("In function fiddle
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} x = 7; document.write("x="+x+"");
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However, more likely, we purposeful
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document.write("Entering testFuncti
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"statements for function body"); As
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A similar kind of nameless function
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The result shown next demonstrates
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Note that this isn‘t a terribly r
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Using Functions Before concluding t
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} if (addTwo.arguments.length == 2)
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familiar to anyone who has programm
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creates String objects while the Ar
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The result is As you can see, the s
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Figure 6-1: Enumerating properties
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statement; Using with lets you refe
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Declare a function taking two argum
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Table 6-2: Properties and Methods C
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Notice that we named the method att
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If the way the robot object has bee
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Object-Oriented JavaScript Before j
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} this.hasJetpack = true; This exam
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function Robot(flying, action) { }
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var feature = guard.feature; var ca
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var firstArray = []; var secondArra
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The effect is as if no element had
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var myValues = new Array(); myValue
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stack.pop(); // ["first", 10] Retur
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Unlike with the push() and shift()
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It takes a variable number of argum
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If you want to be more succinct, yo
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} { } var last = this[this.length-1
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Table 7-1: Arguments to the Date()
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document.write("The current date :
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If you are not sure whether the par
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Table 7-2: Globally Available Metho
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Table 7-4: Methods Provided by the
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var s = new String(); var headline
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var s = "JavaScript" + " is" + " a"
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Table 7-6: HTML-Releated String Met
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This chapter is an introduction to
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expressions are designed to be very
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These characters are ^ and $, indic
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Table 8-2: Regular Expression Escap
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var pattern = /ab+c/; is read as
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var pattern = /[0-9]+/; This regula
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would match ―abcx7d‖ or ―abc_
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You could use the following regular
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document.writeln("result.lastIndex
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} // if we have a match, print info
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Table 8-7: Static Properties of the
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var stringwithdelimits = "10 / 3 /
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Non-capturing Parentheses JavaScrip
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addresses instead of domain names (
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1. The core JavaScript language (e.
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For the sake of brevity, some detai
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""); document.write("Page Colors");
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Figure 9-4: Some Document propertie
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using the traditional JavaScript
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The onclick attribute of the tag
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{ } var theirname=document.myForm.u
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Greeting: The previous examp
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Table 9-4: New Document Properties
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Netscape 4 Layer Example An example
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Figure 9-8: Internet Explorer 4 obj
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finds tag with id or name = myHeadi
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Table 9-7: Some New Properties for
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onclick="document.all['heading1'].s
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style, and content) to a programmin
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var feature; var version; for (i=0;
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The most important thing to think a
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Before moving on, we need to introd
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Table 10-2: DOM Node Properties DOM
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currentElement = currentElement.fir
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DOM Test Heading
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} } else alert("No parent"); break;
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onclick="currentElement=document.do
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Collection Description >document.an
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the necessary references. Let‘s s
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} if (node.parentNode) { } //-->> i
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} function doReplace() { } var repl
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Table 10-5: Text Node Manipulation
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onclick="temp = textNode.splitText(
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7
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-->> Simple DOM HTML Editor &n
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It would be easy enough to mod
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Table 10-6: CSS Property-to-DOM Pro
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xh
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Style: normal italic oblique Wei
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onchange="theElement.style.fontSize
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Height: Width: &nbs
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theElement = document.getElementByI
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This is a paragraph This is a parag
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override them with local rules. Und
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} if (styleSheet.cssRules[0]) { } s
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There are a few things to study car
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var myWalker = document.createTreeW
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While the Traversal API is not wide
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adding content to the document. Bec
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inner/outer Tester This is a t
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>
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Figure 10-6: Using document.all[] a
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some consistency to the mad world t
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Table 11-2: Basic Events and Their
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ondblclick: onfocus: onkeydown:
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Browsers might support events othe
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onbeforedeactivate Fires just befor
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oncut Fires when selected content i
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ondrop Fires on a valid drop target
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onpropertychange Fires whenever a p
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page Non-standard Event Binding in
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this is to assign handlers after th
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Table 11-4: Effect of Returning fal
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One major difference between versio
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if you check your JavaScript consol
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To set up event capturing, use the
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keep tabs on what happened to an ev
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We may be in the gutter, but some o
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Table 11-9: Behavior of Internet Ex
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Table 11-9: Behavior of Internet Ex
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Preventing Bubbling You can stop ev
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The DOM2 Event model specification
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document.getElementById('myText').r
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Alt Key down? Control Key down? M
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The result of a click is shown in
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when the user activates the pull-do
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function killClicks(event) { } even
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-->> The killClick handler is regi
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startListen(); //-->> Current Nod
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Table 11-18 summarizes the major fe
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Part IV: Using JavaScript Chapter 1
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window.confirm(string); or simply c
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value that contains the value enter
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Opening and Closing Generic Windows
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in some browsers, while others may
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Table 12-1: Feature Parameter Value
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featurestring += "width="+document.
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Left: (IE) ScreenX: ScreenY: (Ne
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Figure 12-1: Simple window and its
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} } //-->> else customAlert("Bor
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} } myWindow.focus(); // Make the w
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windowHTML += ""; windowHTML += "An
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windowname is the name of the windo
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function moveIt() { if ((window.myW
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myWindow.moveBy(0,10);" />> X: Y:
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It is also possible to access parse
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5,4,3,2,1...BOOM Browser Self-De
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message = message.substring(1, mess
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Event Description onafterprint Even
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parent.frames[0].name would print o
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" var i = 0; msg += "Window: "+ win
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Two Frames within the naviga
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While inline frames seem to be a si
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window.onload = frameBuster; // -->
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Variables
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Back to previous page While Ja
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Interested readers are enc
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Table 13-1: Document Properties Rel
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Unvisited Link Click to show active
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Location and Related Properties The
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str += "but remember the rules of X
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You also can read the target proper
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onclick="document.myform.field1.val
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} str += "border: "+theImage.border
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(document.all[10]) or by name (docu
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Table 13-4: Common DOM Properties f
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All other (
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Table 13-7: (X)HTML Elements Associ
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Table 13-7: (X)HTML Elements Associ
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} } var newText = document.createTe
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(X)HTML Table Inspector Test T
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Jet Packs Economy JP-3455E6
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above below border box hsides vside
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for (i = 0; i > document.writeln("R
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onclick="theTable.insertRow(documen
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} var colNumber = parseFloat(column
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} var numberRowsInTable = theTable.
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onclick="doCellModification(documen
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object. As with all document object
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Just as the Document contains a col
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} document.write("length: "+length+
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property. In short, it is most usef
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Remember that these buttons (i
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Table 14-5: Properties of the HTMLB
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Page 504 and 505:
Closely related to inputs of type "
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Common Field Properties
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Of course, the preceding script
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Checkboxes and radio buttons (―ra
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Yes: No: Maybe: does not, as it
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yes: no: maybe: onclick="a
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-->> Hidden Fields Hidden form f
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Trainer Friend Cook An HTMLSelectEl
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} //-->> alert(msg); Option 1 Op
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cities["Australia"] = ["Sydney", "M
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Brisbane The previous example il
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eserved keyword. We‘ll see anothe
Page 528 and 529:

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} for (i = 0; i
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Abstracting Form Validation The pr
Page 534 and 535:
} if (/[^@]+@[^@]+/.test(s)) return
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if (!isInteger(s)) return false; va
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} { } alert("Email may not be empty
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} } { } case 'notblank': if (isEmpt
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Form Validation via Hidden Fields A
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} // Check for special characters l
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A final observation that escapes ma
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JavaScript can be used to turn disa
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Figure 14-4: Rendering of dynamic f
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} } return true; else { } window.st
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Widgets: @ 1.50 each Gadgets: @
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calculated fields. Also note that,
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Figure 15-1: Manipulating Image pro
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Complete: Height: Hspace: Nam
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} } } alt.value = i.alt; border.val
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{ } var i = new Image(); i.src = ur
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The complete working example is sho
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...Page content here... Give
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{ } var abouton = new Image(); abou
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Figure 15-2
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With CSS, you can go even furthe
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Absolutely positioned elements not
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color of the region to orange as se
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} } return(getElement(layerName, la
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} /* set the width of layer named l
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* return the object for the passed
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* set the x-coordinate of layer nam
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} else if (opera) else theLayer.sty
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} { } theLayer.document.write(conte
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z: Height: Width: />>
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Figure 15-3: Testing our cross-brow
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object, enabling control of the con
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} ("") : ("lightblue")); // IE can'
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DOM Level 2 style of event listener
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#mirror {border-style: solid; borde
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Notice how, in the preceding examp
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What's my style? Take 2 p { text-
Page 613 and 614:
Figure 15-6: A simple DHTML page tr
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} if (clipleft A point of intere
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obots!');" 'If you like our domes,
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{ } currentX = getX('ufo'); if (cur
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} if (layerobject) else return(pars
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} /* move left until boundary */ fu
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We could modify the animation
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should not be placed within a form
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Select Navigation
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E-commerce ------------------------
Page 635 and 636:
JavaScriptRef
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Page 639 and 640: Yahoo Teoma MSN DMOZ E-commerce S
Page 641 and 642: JavaScript libraries on the Web suc
Page 643 and 644: } } { alert("Main window went away.
Page 645 and 646: Although the following code is writ
Page 647 and 648: { // else move it 5 more pixels in
Page 650 and 651: Figure 16-5: The slide-in menu in a
Page 652 and 653: else if (document.all) // else if i
Page 654 and 655: Bottom of the page As with all
Page 656 and 657: application of this technology is t
Page 658 and 659: When you assign a new cookie value
Page 660 and 661: array else { // extract its value }
Page 662 and 663: a user with the cookie ―username=
Page 664 and 665: If the user doesn‘t have cookies
Page 666 and 667: } } } value = document.cookie.subst
Page 668 and 669: Where a calculator on the ENIAC is
Page 670 and 671: Enter some text to store: When
Page 672 and 673: Table 17-1: Navigator Properties fo
Page 674 and 675: Notice already from Figure 17-1 th
Page 676 and 677: document.write("Browser Not Known:
Page 678 and 679: Error: No JavaScript Support E
Page 680 and 681: // JS 1.5 features var version="1.
Page 682 and 683: else alert("You have Flash!"); aler
Page 684 and 685: A rendering of the example is show
Page 686 and 687: * nasty hack to deal with doctype s
Page 690 and 691: Language Detection The final form o
Page 692 and 693: document.write("Color Depth: " + oC
Page 694 and 695: moments. Yet we can even go beyond
Page 696 and 697: if ((window.netscape) && (window.ne
Page 698 and 699: great deal of sophistication involv
Page 700 and 701: There is a lot of theory that goes
Page 702 and 703: Assuming that this applet is the fi
Page 704 and 705:
Page 706 and 707: to drive an embedded applet is that
Page 708 and 709: are very often used together in ord
Page 710 and 711: document.write(''); document.write(
Page 712 and 713: Figure 18-5: Example contents of th
Page 714 and 715: Simple Flash control example (Netsc
Page 716 and 717: } if (document.demo.IsPlaying()) do
Page 718 and 719: The example—stopped in the midd
Page 720 and 721: Cross-Browser Inclusion of Embedded
Page 722 and 723: ((navigator.plugins["Shockwave Flas
Page 724 and 725: } document.demo.Rewind(); function
Page 726 and 727: method="get">> (greater than
Page 728 and 729: One-Way Communication The simplest
Page 730 and 731: Note Don’t think that because we
Page 732 and 733: communicate messages to your JavaSc
Page 734 and 735: } // Else image has downloaded, so
Page 736 and 737: } // Wait until the image downloads
Page 738 and 739:
Fetching news stories... var co
Page 740 and 741:
Figure 19-1: Unlikely news from Jav
Page 742 and 743:
} rpcComplete = false; var newScrip
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pcResult = true; If you enter a mis
Page 746 and 747:
In this new incarnation the server-
Page 748 and 749:
function send(sendValue) { var newL
Page 750 and 751:
Table 19-1: Properties and Methods
Page 752 and 753:
POSTs You can POST form data to a s
Page 754 and 755:
Writing simple XML documents is fai
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Z, a-z), numbers (0-9), hyphens (-)
Page 758 and 759:
size (small | medium | large) #REQU
Page 760 and 761:
one. Fortunately, although not appa
Page 762 and 763:
Look formatting XML as HTML The e
Page 764 and 765:
Samantha Jones Sales Executive (54
Page 766 and 767:
Employee Directory DemoCompany D
Page 768 and 769:
The previous discussion only begins
Page 770 and 771:
Widget Washer (543) 555-1212 fbrown
Page 772 and 773:
Note This example requires the
Page 774 and 775:
Email Note This example
Page 776 and 777:
XML Demo
Page 778 and 779:
XML Demo
Page 780 and 781:
newEmployee.appendChild(newPhone);
Page 782 and 783:
} } else } // get the children var
Page 784 and 785:
onclick="deleteLastElement();docume
Page 786 and 787:
Fred Brown Widget Washer (543) 555-
Page 788 and 789:
Widget Washer (543) 555-1212 fbrown
Page 790 and 791:
File: mozillaxmldemo.js function de
Page 792 and 793:
} newPhone.appendChild(newPhoneText
Page 794 and 795:
DemoCompany Directory Na
Page 796 and 797:
* create child elements and text va
Page 798 and 799:
Besides data islands, you will fi
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When the response is received we ca
Page 802 and 803:
equest.open("GET",feedURL,false); r
Page 804 and 805:
Simple JavaScript RSS Reader RS
Page 806 and 807:
Part VI: Real World JavaScript Chap
Page 808 and 809:
JScript 1.0 in Internet Explorer 3.
Page 810 and 811:
Or if you were still concerned abou
Page 812 and 813:
Enumerator Example Here's some te
Page 814 and 815:
Table 21-6: Conditional Compilation
Page 816 and 817:
A JScript 3+ browser processes the
Page 818 and 819:
Table 21-8: Some Proprietary Featur
Page 820 and 821:
-->>
Page 822 and 823:
Table 21-10: Methods of JScript’s
Page 824 and 825:
Don't bother with XHTML as an HTA i
Page 826 and 827:
system resources, many users will (
Page 828 and 829:
Letter Reminder This HT
Page 830 and 831:
Table 21-11: Methods Used with Dyna
Page 832 and 833:
We could get into trouble if the va
Page 834 and 835:
emoveBehavior(). A simple example o
Page 837 and 838:
it to be set as an element‘s attr
Page 839 and 840:
There are two primary advantages th
Page 841 and 842:
newpopup.document.body.style.paddin
Page 843 and 844:
Table 21-14: Correspondence Between
Page 845 and 846:
Table 21-16: Mozilla-Based Browsers
Page 847 and 848:
Although Internet Explorer provides
Page 849 and 850:
After 10 seconds, let's try to see
Page 851 and 852:
Note Internet Explorer 5 allowed si
Page 853 and 854:
Figure 22-1: Setting Mozilla’s ov
Page 855 and 856:
Clicking the Custom Level button (s
Page 857 and 858:
function you_are_it() { } tag(); ta
Page 859 and 860:
Often sites will pop up windows or
Page 861 and 862:
is a syntax error because the synta
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} Alternatively, the add() function
Page 865 and 866:
Figure 23-3: Runtime errors in Inte
Page 867 and 868:
Table 23-2: Common JavaScript Error
Page 869 and 870:
(11), line 7, local variable inform
Page 871 and 872:
} for (var i=0; i
Page 873 and 874:
Once a script has been loaded into
Page 875 and 876:
Now that we have covered some tools
Page 877 and 878:
window.noSuchProperty(); // throw a
Page 879 and 880:
Error: Your browser: Additional
Page 881 and 882:
Property IE5? IE5.5+? Mozilla/NS6+?
Page 883 and 884:
} // perform exception handling for
Page 885 and 886:
} catch (theException) { } that is
Page 887:
The key idea is that there are two
Page 890 and 891:
} } //-->> // code to do something
Page 892 and 893:
There are a variety of ways in whic
Page 894 and 895:
Part VII: Appendixes Appendix A: Co
Page 896 and 897:
Table A-5: Relationship Between Net
Page 898 and 899:
Table A-8: Useful Numeric Constants
Page 900 and 901:
Table A-15: Manual Type Conversion
Page 902 and 903:
Table A-17: Properties of the Globa
Page 904 and 905:
Table A-18: Binary (Two-Operand) an
Page 906 and 907:
Table A-23: Binary Type Operators O
Page 908 and 909:
Table A-25: Precedence and Associat
Page 910 and 911:
If expression is omitted, the funct
Page 912 and 913:
The break statement is used to exit
Page 914 and 915:
Table A-26: JavaScript Exception Ob
Page 916 and 917:
Table A-30: Regular Expression Char
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Figure B-1: The ―big picture‖ o
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Figure B-4: The Internet Explorer 3
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When describing methods and propert
Page 924 and 925:
nodeType Read-only number holding t
Page 926 and 927:
clearAttributes() Clears all noness
Page 928 and 929:
insertAdjacentElement() for the mea
Page 930 and 931:
name String containing the value of
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Supported in IE4+, MOZ/N6+, DOM1. N
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where the comma-separated values ar
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color String holding the default te
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gColor String specifying the backgr
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name String holding the name attrib
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dataSrc String containing the sourc
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provided in case programmers wish t
Page 946 and 947:
getDay() Returns a numeric value in
Page 948 and 949:
60, the minute is incremented by on
Page 950 and 951:
eginning of this section. Access to
Page 952 and 953:
fgColor String containing the font
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getElementById(id) Returns the elem
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This element has the methods listed
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Banner Related Advanced Stream Redi
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x Same as layerX in Netscape. In IE
Page 962 and 963:
outeEvent(event) Passes the Event i
Page 964 and 965:
Event Bubbles? Cancelable? mousemov
Page 966 and 967:
ondatasetchanged Fires when the dat
Page 968 and 969:
ShowBrowserUI(type,null) Opens a br
Page 970 and 971:
length The number of entries in the
Page 972 and 973:
var instanceName = new Function([ar
Page 974 and 975:
Methods This object only has the me
Page 976 and 977:
This object only supports the metho
Page 978 and 979:
longDesc String specifying a URL fo
Page 980 and 981:
This object only has the methods li
Page 982 and 983:
load() Causes the browser to reload
Page 984 and 985:
host String containing the host nam
Page 986 and 987:
Tip Future versions of JavaScript w
Page 988 and 989:
+ (addition) operator, 79, 80-81 ++
Page 990 and 991:
application-like menus, DHTML, 510-
Page 992 and 993:
Index_B B b object, HTMLElement, 77
Page 994 and 995:
Navigator object, 536-539 overview
Page 996 and 997:
Netscape extensions, 672-673 outerH
Page 998 and 999:
commonly used, 201-202 negative, 20
Page 1000 and 1001:
composite data types. See data type
Page 1002 and 1003:
cssRules[ ] collection, 286 curly b
Page 1004 and 1005:
Error object, 714-715 error reporti
Page 1006 and 1007:
Style objects and, 489 division (/)
Page 1008 and 1009:
dt, 801 em, 802 fieldset, 818 file,
Page 1010 and 1011:
ul, 901 var, 902-903 document objec
Page 1012 and 1013:
DOM Level 1 accessing elements, 263
Page 1014 and 1015:
Java applets. see Java applets over
Page 1016 and 1017:
eturn values, 312-314 scope, 311-31
Page 1018 and 1019:
UI events, 336-337 exceptions, 718
Page 1020 and 1021:
, 819 for loops overview of, 37-38
Page 1022 and 1023:
same-origin policy and, 681 two-way
Page 1024 and 1025:
grouping characters, regular expres
Page 1026 and 1027:
em, 802 kbd, 833 noFrames, 846 noSc
Page 1028 and 1029:
XMLHTTP, 597-600 Hypertext Markup L
Page 1030 and 1031:
dynamic properties, 662-664 HTML ap
Page 1032 and 1033:
, 421-423 buttons, 423-424 checkbox
Page 1034 and 1035:
programming languages, 23-25 pseudo
Page 1036 and 1037:
Netscape 4 and, 478-479 same-origin
Page 1038 and 1039:
markup, browser detection, 539 marq
Page 1040 and 1041:
MathML under, 616-617 the platform,
Page 1042 and 1043:
netscape object, 852-853 new keywor
Page 1044 and 1045:
IE document properties, 240-247 ini
Page 1046 and 1047:
onblur event handlers, 426 onchange
Page 1048 and 1049:
param object, HTMLParamElement, 853
Page 1050 and 1051:
object-based, 33 relationship of Ja
Page 1052 and 1053:
functions and, 116-117 objects and,
Page 1054 and 1055:
eserved words definition of, 24 ide
Page 1056 and 1057:
scope, variable, 70-73 scr attribut
Page 1058 and 1059:
cross-site scripting and, 592 imple
Page 1060 and 1061:
switch, 98-101 termination, 76-77 t
Page 1062 and 1063:
submit( ) method, Form object, 418-
Page 1064 and 1065:
ActiveX, 574 correspondence to text
Page 1066 and 1067:
eturn values with, 92 Index_U U u o
Page 1068 and 1069:
visual (Screen object), browser det
Page 1070 and 1071:
WML (Wireless Markup Language), 603
Page 1072 and 1073:
xmlns attribute, 616 xmp object, pr
Page 1074 and 1075:
Chapter 7: Array, Date, Math, and T
Page 1076 and 1077:
Chapter 16: Navigation and Site Vis
Page 1078 and 1079:
Figure 23-9: Automatic error report
Page 1080 and 1081:
Chapter 7: Array, Date, Math, and T
Page 1082 and 1083:
Table 12-4: Common Window Propertie
Page 1084 and 1085:
Table 21-15: Standards Support in M
Page 1086:
Table C-2: Potentially Reserved Wor
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