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The status bar can be accessed through two properties of the Window object: status and defaultStatus. The difference between these two properties is how long the message is displayed. The value of defaultStatus is displayed any time nothing else is going on in a browser window. The status value, on the other hand, is transient and is displayed only for a short period as an event (like a mouse movement) happens. This short example shows some simple status changes as we roll over a link: Go to Yahoo! Notice the requirement to return a true value from the event handlers, as the browser will kill the status region change without it. Setting the default browser status value is also very easy. Try adding the following to your page:
5,4,3,2,1...BOOM Browser Self-Destruct Together with the status property of the Window object, we might use a timer to create the (overly used) scrolling ticker tape effect. Many people like to make use of this effect to market items or draw attention to the status bar. Although this feature may accomplish that goal, it makes it impossible for the user to utilize the status bar to see URLs of the links out of the page. This result degrades the usability of the page significantly. Also, be aware that some ill-
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JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Referen
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JavaScript 2.0-The Complete Referen
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Serrato, Darlene Hernandez, Michele
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First JavaScript document.write("
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In this case, the tag happens to s
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Ready start alert("First Script
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Script Hiding Most browsers tend to
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alert("Your JavaScript is on!
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Event Trigger Example A re
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Notice that the src attribu
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Figure 1-6: JavaScript console used
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Table 1-1: Browser Versions and Jav
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A scripting language is a language
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This is not a problem in itself. Th
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y a linebreak without causing an er
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Being weakly typed is both a blessi
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myArray[1] = 5; myArray[2] = "Thoma
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To compare objects, JavaScript prov
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} else { } x = x + 1; First, the co
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do { document.write(x); document.wr
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This code declares a function named
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document.write("This text is no
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*/ invoke it as follows: var y = sq
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Part II: Core Language Chapter 3: D
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throughout both the chapter and the
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The other important special value i
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Things get really messy if you work
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Close examination of the table of e
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document.write("Note how newlines (
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Note Some Netscape browsers do not
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Methods of objects are accessed in
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The typeof Operator If you‘re cur
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Number "NaN", "0", or the string re
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A variable‘s name should give som
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execute. This context contains the
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} function innerFunction() { } aler
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context, the interpreter would firs
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y = y - 1 is fine. But if you make
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Operators JavaScript supports a var
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There is one further wrinkle with t
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Table 4-3 shows the bitwise operato
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Table 4-5: Shorthand Assignment wit
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Comparison Operators A comparison e
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"thomas" >> "fritz" "aaaa" >> "a" "
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var a,b,c,d; a = (b=5, c=7, d=56);
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alert(myArray[2]); alert(myArray[3]
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Table 4-9: Precedence and Associati
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JavaScript supports a core set of s
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else if (expression2) statement or
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Figure 4-1: Logical expressions can
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else if (yourGrade == 'D') alert("N
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} case 'C': alert("You passed!"); c
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{ } // do something Last, an import
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document.write("Start the countdown
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} document.write("Outerloop: "+i+""
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The with statement indicates an obj
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alter program flow. A variety of lo
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Functions do not have to receive on
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Functions always return some form o
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document.write("In function fiddle
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} x = 7; document.write("x="+x+"");
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However, more likely, we purposeful
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document.write("Entering testFuncti
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"statements for function body"); As
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A similar kind of nameless function
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The result shown next demonstrates
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Note that this isn‘t a terribly r
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Using Functions Before concluding t
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} if (addTwo.arguments.length == 2)
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familiar to anyone who has programm
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creates String objects while the Ar
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The result is As you can see, the s
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Figure 6-1: Enumerating properties
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statement; Using with lets you refe
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Declare a function taking two argum
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Table 6-2: Properties and Methods C
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Notice that we named the method att
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If the way the robot object has bee
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Object-Oriented JavaScript Before j
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} this.hasJetpack = true; This exam
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function Robot(flying, action) { }
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var feature = guard.feature; var ca
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var firstArray = []; var secondArra
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The effect is as if no element had
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var myValues = new Array(); myValue
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stack.pop(); // ["first", 10] Retur
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Unlike with the push() and shift()
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It takes a variable number of argum
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If you want to be more succinct, yo
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} { } var last = this[this.length-1
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Table 7-1: Arguments to the Date()
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document.write("The current date :
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If you are not sure whether the par
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Table 7-2: Globally Available Metho
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Table 7-4: Methods Provided by the
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var s = new String(); var headline
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var s = "JavaScript" + " is" + " a"
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Table 7-6: HTML-Releated String Met
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This chapter is an introduction to
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expressions are designed to be very
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These characters are ^ and $, indic
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Table 8-2: Regular Expression Escap
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var pattern = /ab+c/; is read as
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var pattern = /[0-9]+/; This regula
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would match ―abcx7d‖ or ―abc_
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You could use the following regular
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document.writeln("result.lastIndex
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} // if we have a match, print info
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Table 8-7: Static Properties of the
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var stringwithdelimits = "10 / 3 /
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Non-capturing Parentheses JavaScrip
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addresses instead of domain names (
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1. The core JavaScript language (e.
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For the sake of brevity, some detai
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""); document.write("Page Colors");
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Figure 9-4: Some Document propertie
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using the traditional JavaScript
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The onclick attribute of the tag
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{ } var theirname=document.myForm.u
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Greeting: The previous examp
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Table 9-4: New Document Properties
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Netscape 4 Layer Example An example
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Figure 9-8: Internet Explorer 4 obj
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finds tag with id or name = myHeadi
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Table 9-7: Some New Properties for
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onclick="document.all['heading1'].s
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style, and content) to a programmin
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var feature; var version; for (i=0;
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The most important thing to think a
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Before moving on, we need to introd
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Table 10-2: DOM Node Properties DOM
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currentElement = currentElement.fir
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DOM Test Heading
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} } else alert("No parent"); break;
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onclick="currentElement=document.do
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Collection Description >document.an
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the necessary references. Let‘s s
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} if (node.parentNode) { } //-->> i
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} function doReplace() { } var repl
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Table 10-5: Text Node Manipulation
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onclick="temp = textNode.splitText(
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7
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-->> Simple DOM HTML Editor &n
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It would be easy enough to mod
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Table 10-6: CSS Property-to-DOM Pro
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xh
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Style: normal italic oblique Wei
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onchange="theElement.style.fontSize
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Height: Width: &nbs
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theElement = document.getElementByI
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This is a paragraph This is a parag
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override them with local rules. Und
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} if (styleSheet.cssRules[0]) { } s
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There are a few things to study car
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var myWalker = document.createTreeW
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While the Traversal API is not wide
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adding content to the document. Bec
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inner/outer Tester This is a t
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>
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Figure 10-6: Using document.all[] a
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some consistency to the mad world t
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Table 11-2: Basic Events and Their
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ondblclick: onfocus: onkeydown:
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Browsers might support events othe
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onbeforedeactivate Fires just befor
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oncut Fires when selected content i
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ondrop Fires on a valid drop target
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onpropertychange Fires whenever a p
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page Non-standard Event Binding in
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this is to assign handlers after th
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Table 11-4: Effect of Returning fal
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One major difference between versio
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if you check your JavaScript consol
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To set up event capturing, use the
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keep tabs on what happened to an ev
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We may be in the gutter, but some o
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Table 11-9: Behavior of Internet Ex
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Table 11-9: Behavior of Internet Ex
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Preventing Bubbling You can stop ev
Page 369 and 370: The DOM2 Event model specification
Page 371 and 372: document.getElementById('myText').r
Page 373 and 374: Alt Key down? Control Key down? M
Page 375 and 376: The result of a click is shown in
Page 377 and 378: when the user activates the pull-do
Page 379 and 380: function killClicks(event) { } even
Page 381 and 382: -->> The killClick handler is regi
Page 384 and 385: startListen(); //-->> Current Nod
Page 386 and 387: Table 11-18 summarizes the major fe
Page 388 and 389: Part IV: Using JavaScript Chapter 1
Page 390 and 391: window.confirm(string); or simply c
Page 392 and 393: value that contains the value enter
Page 394 and 395: Opening and Closing Generic Windows
Page 397 and 398: in some browsers, while others may
Page 399 and 400: Table 12-1: Feature Parameter Value
Page 401 and 402: featurestring += "width="+document.
Page 403 and 404: Left: (IE) ScreenX: ScreenY: (Ne
Page 405 and 406: Figure 12-1: Simple window and its
Page 407 and 408: } } //-->> else customAlert("Bor
Page 409 and 410: } } myWindow.focus(); // Make the w
Page 411 and 412: windowHTML += ""; windowHTML += "An
Page 413 and 414: windowname is the name of the windo
Page 415 and 416: function moveIt() { if ((window.myW
Page 417 and 418: myWindow.moveBy(0,10);" />> X: Y:
Page 419: It is also possible to access parse
Page 423 and 424: message = message.substring(1, mess
Page 425 and 426: Event Description onafterprint Even
Page 427 and 428: parent.frames[0].name would print o
Page 429 and 430: " var i = 0; msg += "Window: "+ win
Page 431 and 432: Two Frames within the naviga
Page 433 and 434: While inline frames seem to be a si
Page 435 and 436: window.onload = frameBuster; // -->
Page 437 and 438: Variables
Page 439 and 440: Back to previous page While Ja
Page 441 and 442: "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xh
Page 443 and 444: Interested readers are enc
Page 445 and 446: Table 13-1: Document Properties Rel
Page 447 and 448: Unvisited Link Click to show active
Page 449 and 450: Location and Related Properties The
Page 451 and 452: str += "but remember the rules of X
Page 453 and 454: You also can read the target proper
Page 456 and 457: onclick="document.myform.field1.val
Page 458 and 459: } str += "border: "+theImage.border
Page 460 and 461: (document.all[10]) or by name (docu
Page 462 and 463: Table 13-4: Common DOM Properties f
Page 464 and 465: All other (
Page 466 and 467: Table 13-7: (X)HTML Elements Associ
Page 468 and 469: Table 13-7: (X)HTML Elements Associ
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} } var newText = document.createTe
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(X)HTML Table Inspector Test T
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Jet Packs Economy JP-3455E6
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above below border box hsides vside
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for (i = 0; i > document.writeln("R
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onclick="theTable.insertRow(documen
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} var colNumber = parseFloat(column
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} var numberRowsInTable = theTable.
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onclick="doCellModification(documen
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object. As with all document object
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Just as the Document contains a col
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} document.write("length: "+length+
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property. In short, it is most usef
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Remember that these buttons (i
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Table 14-5: Properties of the HTMLB
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Page 504 and 505:
Closely related to inputs of type "
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Common Field Properties
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Of course, the preceding script
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Checkboxes and radio buttons (―ra
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Yes: No: Maybe: does not, as it
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yes: no: maybe: onclick="a
Page 516 and 517:
-->> Hidden Fields Hidden form f
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Trainer Friend Cook An HTMLSelectEl
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} //-->> alert(msg); Option 1 Op
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cities["Australia"] = ["Sydney", "M
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Brisbane The previous example il
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eserved keyword. We‘ll see anothe
Page 528 and 529:

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} for (i = 0; i
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Abstracting Form Validation The pr
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} if (/[^@]+@[^@]+/.test(s)) return
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if (!isInteger(s)) return false; va
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} { } alert("Email may not be empty
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} } { } case 'notblank': if (isEmpt
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Form Validation via Hidden Fields A
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} // Check for special characters l
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A final observation that escapes ma
Page 549 and 550:
JavaScript can be used to turn disa
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Figure 14-4: Rendering of dynamic f
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} } return true; else { } window.st
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Widgets: @ 1.50 each Gadgets: @
Page 557 and 558:
calculated fields. Also note that,
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Figure 15-1: Manipulating Image pro
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Complete: Height: Hspace: Nam
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} } } alt.value = i.alt; border.val
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Page 567 and 568:
Page 569 and 570:
{ } var i = new Image(); i.src = ur
Page 571 and 572:
The complete working example is sho
Page 573 and 574:
...Page content here... Give
Page 575 and 576:
{ } var abouton = new Image(); abou
Page 577 and 578:
Figure 15-2
Page 579 and 580:
With CSS, you can go even furthe
Page 581 and 582:
Absolutely positioned elements not
Page 583 and 584:
color of the region to orange as se
Page 585 and 586:
} } return(getElement(layerName, la
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} /* set the width of layer named l
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* return the object for the passed
Page 591 and 592:
* set the x-coordinate of layer nam
Page 593 and 594:
} else if (opera) else theLayer.sty
Page 595 and 596:
} { } theLayer.document.write(conte
Page 597 and 598:
z: Height: Width: />>
Page 599 and 600:
Figure 15-3: Testing our cross-brow
Page 601 and 602:
object, enabling control of the con
Page 603 and 604:
} ("") : ("lightblue")); // IE can'
Page 605 and 606:
DOM Level 2 style of event listener
Page 607 and 608:
#mirror {border-style: solid; borde
Page 609 and 610:
Notice how, in the preceding examp
Page 611 and 612:
What's my style? Take 2 p { text-
Page 613 and 614:
Figure 15-6: A simple DHTML page tr
Page 615 and 616:
Page 617 and 618:
} if (clipleft A point of intere
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obots!');" 'If you like our domes,
Page 621 and 622:
{ } currentX = getX('ufo'); if (cur
Page 623 and 624:
} if (layerobject) else return(pars
Page 625 and 626:
} /* move left until boundary */ fu
Page 627 and 628:
We could modify the animation
Page 629 and 630:
should not be placed within a form
Page 631 and 632:
Select Navigation
Page 633 and 634:
E-commerce ------------------------
Page 635 and 636:
JavaScriptRef
Page 637 and 638:
Page 639 and 640:
Yahoo Teoma MSN DMOZ E-commerce S
Page 641 and 642:
JavaScript libraries on the Web suc
Page 643 and 644:
} } { alert("Main window went away.
Page 645 and 646:
Although the following code is writ
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{ // else move it 5 more pixels in
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Figure 16-5: The slide-in menu in a
Page 652 and 653:
else if (document.all) // else if i
Page 654 and 655:
Bottom of the page As with all
Page 656 and 657:
application of this technology is t
Page 658 and 659:
When you assign a new cookie value
Page 660 and 661:
array else { // extract its value }
Page 662 and 663:
a user with the cookie ―username=
Page 664 and 665:
If the user doesn‘t have cookies
Page 666 and 667:
} } } value = document.cookie.subst
Page 668 and 669:
Where a calculator on the ENIAC is
Page 670 and 671:
Enter some text to store: When
Page 672 and 673:
Table 17-1: Navigator Properties fo
Page 674 and 675:
Notice already from Figure 17-1 th
Page 676 and 677:
document.write("Browser Not Known:
Page 678 and 679:
Error: No JavaScript Support E
Page 680 and 681:
// JS 1.5 features var version="1.
Page 682 and 683:
else alert("You have Flash!"); aler
Page 684 and 685:
A rendering of the example is show
Page 686 and 687:
* nasty hack to deal with doctype s
Page 689 and 690:
Under browsers like Internet Explor
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Page 693 and 694:
Figure 17-2: Explorer’s client ca
Page 695 and 696:
Given that some buttons can b
Page 697 and 698:
Given the danger involved in settin
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Part V: Advanced Topics Chapter Lis
Page 701 and 702:
Your browser does not support Java!
Page 703 and 704:
} public void paint(Graphics myScre
Page 705 and 706:
Your browser does not support Java!
Page 707 and 708:
Plug-ins are persistent in the brow
Page 709 and 710:
{ for (var i=0; i
Page 711 and 712:
{ for (var i=0; i
Page 713 and 714:
Suppose you have written some custo
Page 715 and 716:
} function changeFrame(i) { } if (!
Page 717 and 718:

Page 719 and 720:
Whereas Java applets are downloaded
Page 721 and 722:
Browsers that do not understand wi
Page 723 and 724:
function play() { } if (!dataReady)
Page 725 and 726:
> // you can write an image in he
Page 727 and 728:
This chapter served as an introduct
Page 729 and 730:
} var img = new Image(); img.src =
Page 731 and 732:
The HTTP response code 204 ―No Co
Page 733 and 734:
{ } // If we've already got a reque
Page 735 and 736:
User: Deagol (check online status)
Page 737 and 738:
One fundamental vehicle enabling se
Page 739 and 740:
{ var params = "numstories=" Note O
Page 741 and 742:
RPC Spellchecker
Page 743 and 744:
+ } if (rpcResult === true) else al
Page 745 and 746:
} var newScript = document.createEl
Page 747 and 748:
Iframe RPC The Server Respon
Page 749 and 750:
echo ""; ?>> In order to see this i
Page 751 and 752:
The following example illustrates t
Page 753 and 754:
The capability to update a page wit
Page 755 and 756:
Figure 20-1: Well-formed XML under
Page 757 and 758:
in which a document‘s logical str
Page 759 and 760:
&cola; We could easily have just
Page 761 and 762:
XSL Test Note In order to
Page 763 and 764:
Whereas the preceding example is ra
Page 765 and 766:
(123) 456-2222 fli@democompany.com
Page 767 and 768:
You can reference the style
Page 769 and 770:
directory {display: block;} employe
Page 771 and 772:
MathML Below x + y 2 k +
Page 773 and 774:
...HTML content... or you can refe
Page 775 and 776:
Once you bind data into a document,
Page 777 and 778:
We could further use the DOM proper
Page 779 and 780:
{ var rootElement = xmldoc.document
Page 781 and 782:
if (type == 1) { // open tag dump("
Page 783 and 784:
-->> XML Document: Name: Title
Page 785 and 786:
xmldoc.async = false; xmldoc.load("
Page 787 and 788:
Name: Title: Phone: Email:
Page 789 and 790:
Sales Executive (543) 555-5672 jone
Page 791 and 792:
*/ var title = document.getElementB
Page 793 and 794:
* append completed record to the do
Page 795 and 796:

Page 797 and 798:
} //-->> /* append completed record
Page 799 and 800:
A fake entry http://www.javascriptr
Page 801 and 802:
a:hover {color:#FF9900;} #feedOutpu
Page 803 and 804:
var itemURL = itemList[i].getElemen
Page 805 and 806:
If you inspect the preceding exam
Page 807 and 808:
Table 21-2: Relationship Between Mi
Page 809 and 810:
Table 21-4: Proprietary Extensions
Page 811 and 812:
of access to select one of the memb
Page 813 and 814:
The result is shown in Figure 21-1.
Page 815 and 816:
You must also indicate the comments
Page 817 and 818:
Table 21-7: Some Proprietary Featur
Page 819 and 820:
encountered. The browser generally
Page 821 and 822:
Two problematic questions are how t
Page 823 and 824:
HTML Applications HTML Applications
Page 825 and 826:
} var fso, filehandle; //-->> fso =
Page 827 and 828:
E, Elephant F, Fox G, Girl H, Hat T
Page 829 and 830:
Figure 21-3: Data Binding example u
Page 831 and 832:
Figure 21-5: Using dynamic properti
Page 833 and 834:
arbitrary elements in a page. HTCs
Page 835:
var originalColor; function activat
Page 838 and 839:
Table 21-12: Some Default Behaviors
Page 840 and 841:
Figure 21-6: Pop-up windows give yo
Page 842 and 843:
There are numerous JScript capabili
Page 844 and 845:
Note Interested readers can learn m
Page 846 and 847:
Table 21-17: Components of Mozilla
Page 848 and 849:
comes from a trusted source. Such c
Page 850 and 851:
even if the page in that window was
Page 852 and 853:
of incorporation, domain name owner
Page 854 and 855:
Figure 22-2: Categorizing sites int
Page 856 and 857:
The column of Table 22-3 indicating
Page 858 and 859:
function doitagain() { } document.w
Page 860 and 861:
escape(document.cookie); This scri
Page 862 and 863:
Although some defensive programming
Page 864 and 865:
Figure 23-1: Enabling notification
Page 866 and 867:
Table 23-2: Common JavaScript Error
Page 868 and 869:
if (debugging) alert("Returned from
Page 870 and 871:
Figure 23-4: Using Error.stack to g
Page 872 and 873:
} document.writeln(x); document.wri
Page 874 and 875:
Figure 23-7: Enabling script debugg
Page 876 and 877:
you can replace or suppress the err
Page 878 and 879:
if (window.opener && !window.opener
Page 880 and 881:
} return true; window.onerror = rep
Page 882 and 883:
You can also create instances of th
Page 884 and 885:
if (typeof(a) != "number" || typeof
Page 886 and 887:
The appearance of a browser to supp
Page 889 and 890:

Page 891 and 892:
efresher. We now turn our attention
Page 893 and 894:
teksasliunescape(teks);document.wri
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Standard Version Description ECMASc
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Table A-7: Primitive JavaScript Dat
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Table A-11: Result of Type Conversi
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Object Description Array Provides a
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new Function(["arg1", ["arg2"], …
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Table A-21: Binary and Self-assignm
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A JavaScript implementation should
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} where statements is composed of z
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switch (expression) { } case val1:
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document.write(i+""); i++; } while
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Table A-27: Some Regular Expression
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Table A-32: Advanced Regular Expres
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Figure B-2: The traditional object
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Figure B-6: The Internet Explorer 4
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className String holding value of t
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eadyState Read-only string containi
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fireEvent(handler [, event]) Causes
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setExpression(property, expression
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Supported in IE4+, MOZ/N6+, DOM1. N
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This object has the following prope
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In Netscape 4.0-4.05 (JavaScript 1.
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ig, HTMLElement (Document Object) T
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constructor Reference to the constr
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caption, HTMLTableCaptionElement (D
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clipboardData (Proprietary Browser
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"move", "copyLink", "copyMove", "li
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setDate(dayOfMonth) Sets the day of
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Supported in Internet Explorer 4+,
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Document (Document Object) The Docu
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styleSheets[] Collection of styleSh
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Methods This object has only the me
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The message string defines the text
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properties ALT_MASK, CONTROL_MASK,
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setCapture([containerCapture]) Caus
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onblur Fires when an element loses
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Netscape Extended Events The follow
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onresizeend Fires when the user fin
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This object has the following metho
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Support Supported in Internet Explo
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Constructor This object cannot be i
Page 975 and 976:
Individual entries in the history a
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scrolling String specifying whether
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"hidden", "image", and "button". Tr
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Despite being a tag found within a
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This object has the following prope
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Generally speaking, reserved words
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Index Symbols -- (decrement) operat
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ActiveXObject, 655-657, 772 addEven
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properties, 775 removing elements,
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ody object, HTMLBodyElement, 780-78
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dataTransfer, 788-789 external, 817
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passing composite types, 115-116 pa
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speed of writing, 724 value of comm
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overview of, 522 parsing, 525-526 r
Page 1003 and 1004:
undefined, 58-60 dataTransfer objec
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ollovers, 498-499 sparing use of DH
Page 1007 and 1008:
document objects, 761-769 abbr, 771
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optGroup, 851 option, 851-852 overv
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document tree navigation, browser d
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dynamic typing, 29-31, 155 Index_E
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special characters, 54-55 strings,
Page 1017 and 1018:
defined, 297 overview of, 298 Event
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advantages/disadvantages, 16 functi
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properties, 417-419 form validation
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passing primitive types by value, 1
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HTML applications (HTA), 657-660, 6
Page 1027 and 1028:
Radio, 856-857 Reset, 859-860 submi
Page 1029 and 1030:
events, 814-817 hiding proprietary
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one-way communication with servers,
Page 1033 and 1034:
Java applets accessing in JavaScrip
Page 1035 and 1036:
keyboard masking, 453-454 keywords
Page 1037 and 1038:
syntax, 737-738 variable declaratio
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methods common to all objects, 145-
Page 1041 and 1042:
owser supporting, 134 javaEnabled(
Page 1043 and 1044:
null data type conversion of, 734 d
Page 1045 and 1046:
objects, 133-158 as associative arr
Page 1047 and 1048:
comparison. see comparison operator
Page 1049 and 1050:
IE security zones, 686-690 Mozilla,
Page 1051 and 1052:
prototypes, extending Array objects
Page 1053 and 1054:
string methods, 211-214 syntax, 748
Page 1055 and 1056:
RPCs (remote procedure calls) callb
Page 1057 and 1058:
ActiveXObject, 655-656 browser issu
Page 1059 and 1060:
square brackets ([ ]), 93, 198 src
Page 1061 and 1062:
functions made accessible by, 135 m
Page 1063 and 1064:
logical operators, 740 loops, 746-7
Page 1065 and 1066:
methods common to all objects, 145-
Page 1067 and 1068:
Index_V V valid XML, 607-608 value,
Page 1069 and 1070:
document property, 134 DOM methods
Page 1071 and 1072:
eference book, 6 referencing elemen
Page 1073 and 1074:
List of Figures Chapter 1: Introduc
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Figure 11-1: A click on the bold te
Page 1077 and 1078:
Figure 20-7: XHTML with MathML and
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List of Tables Chapter 1: Introduct
Page 1081 and 1082:
Table 10-3: DOM Level 0 Collections
Page 1083 and 1084:
Table 15-2: Position-Related Proper
Page 1085 and 1086:
Table A-13: Result of Type Conversi
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