Handbook of best practices

Name
Observatory
type
Number of
instruments
Distance from
land (km)
Max. Water
depth (m)
E1-M3A Multiple arrays, cabled 20 46 1440
E2-M3A Multiple array, gliders 14 100 1220
ESTOC Single array, gliders 19 97 3615
Filchner Ronne Multiple arrays 4 200 618
FRAM Multiple arrays, gliders 100 150 5500
LION Multiple Arrays 25 135 2400
MoMAR Multiple arrays, stand alone 3 nodes n/a 1700
NEMO-SNl Cabled 13 25 2036
NOG Single array 3 1000 4235
OBSEA Cabled 16 4 20
PAP Multiple arrays 26 200 4850
Pylos Single array 14 18 1670
SOG Single array 3 1500 5300
SOR n/a n/a n/a n/a
Station M Single array 7 n/a 2000
Tenatso Multiple arrays 30 110 3603
W1-M3A Multiple arrays 25 80 1200
1.3.3 Mooring lines/anchoring systems
1.3.3.1 Mooring line components – materials
Mooring chains
One of the most common components used in all the different types of mooring lines are
chains. In most cases the chain will be placed in the upper or/and lower part of the mooring
line. There are two general types of chain; the stud link chain and the stud-less chain. A
variety of chain dimensions, with different breaking loads, is available for all the types of
mooring lines. The main advantage of the stud link chain is that the stud geometry prevents
the chain to entangle. However, the stud in the chain has a negative effect on the fatigue life
of the mooring line. Therefore, stud-less chains are more commonly used in open sea
mooring systems.
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