JofIMAB-2016-vol22-issue3

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Fig. 3. Haber’s gnathodynamometer in use on the right-band side of the mouth [4] The two patterns are made, one to record up to 50 kg, the other up to 150 kg. GROUP III was represented by Gnathodynamometers which operate by means of more than one of the three factors - Spring, Lever and Manometer. In 1920 Giinther bored a hole through each of the shorter ends or jaws of the pliers in which the pin was received and attached to the interchangeable biting plates. The plates were of varying sizes according to the tooth which was to be tested. As a protection to the teeth each plate was covered by a felt pad which could be renewed. Each of the subsequently created gnathodynamometers was more advanced than the previous one. Fig. 5. Gomis’s gnathodynamometer [5]. Fig. 4. Johnson’s gnathodynamometer (1930) Fig. 6. Measurement of the central incisor’s masticatory force of a patient with progenism as per Suzuki [6]. Gnathodynamometers are also used in modern-day experimental studies (Figures 5 and 6) [5, 6, 7]. 1228 http://www.journal-imab-bg.org / J of IMAB. 2016, vol. 22, issue 3/
Fig. 7. Gnathodynamometer for animal testing [7]. CONCLUSIONS The historical review of gnathodynamometric methods enables us to draw the following conclusions: Gnathodynamometric studies are objective methods for quantitative evaluation of the state of the masticatory apparatus. However, they demand specialized equipment, time-consuming procedures and therefore are quite costly. More accurate results of the study of masticatory function can be obtained by complementing gnathodynamometric methods with another method of examination of the masticatory apparatus. REFERENCES: 1. Rowlett AE. The gnathodynamometer and its use in dentistry. In: Proc R Soc Med. 26. ed 9. 1932–1933 :463. 2. Ortuð G. A new device for measuring mastication force (Gnathodynamometer). Ann Anat. 2002 Jul;184(4): 393-396. [PubMed] 3. Uhlig H. Über die Kaukraft. Dtsch Zahnärztl Z. 1953; 8:30-45. 4. Haber G. Die Aufgaben Der Kaudruck-Messung- und der Zahndruck-Prüfung. Berlin: Eigenverlag. 1926. 5. Rovira-Lastra B, Flores-Orozco EI, Salsench J, Peraire M, Martinez- Gomis J. Is the side with the best masticatory performance selected for chewing?. Arch Oral Biol. 2014 Dec; 59(12):1316-1320. [PubMed] [CrossRef] 6. Suzuki EY, Suzuki B. Assessment of Maxillary Distraction Forces in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients. Intech. 2011 Chapter 2. [CrossRef] 7. Doliñski J. [How much bite lizards?]. [in Polish] Elektronika praktyczna. 2015; 8:92-94. Please cite this article as: Konstantinova D, Dimova M. HISTORICAL REVIEW OF GNATHODYNAMOMETRIC METH- ODS USED FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF MASTICATORY FUNCTION. J of IMAB. 2016 Jul-Sep;22(3):1226-1229. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2016223.1226 Received: 21/05/2016; Published online: 25/07/2016 Address for correspondence: Desislava Konstantinova, 84, Tzar Osvoboditel bul., 9000 Varna, Bulgaria. E-mail: konstantinovadesi@yahoo.com / J of IMAB. 2016, vol. 22, issue 3/ http://www.journal-imab-bg.org 1229
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