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158 Day 5 Standard Component Classes The standard components are those components that encapsulate the most common Windows controls. The standard component classes include TButton, TEdit, TListBox, TMemo, TMainMenu, TPopupMenu, TCheckBox, TRadioButton, TRadioGroup, TGroupBox, and TPanel. Most of these classes encapsulate a Windows control, so I won’t discuss all of them right now. The TMainMenu class encapsulates an application’s main menu. At design time, doubleclicking the MainMenu component’s icon brings up the Menu Editor. TMainMenu has properties that control whether the menu item is grayed out, whether it is checked, the help context ID, the item’s hint text, and others. Each menu item has a single event, OnClick, so that you can attach a function to a menu item being selected. I’ll discuss menus and the Menu Editor in more detail on Day 7, “Working with the Form Designer and the Menu Designer.” Another of the standard components of interest is TPanel. A panel represents a rectangular region on a form, usually with its own components, that can be treated as a single unit. NEW TERM For instance, if you wanted to build a speedbar for an application, you would start with a panel and then place speed buttons on the panel. If you move the panel, the speed buttons move with it. Panels can be used for a wide variety of tasks in C++Builder. You could use a panel to build a status bar, for example. Panels have properties that control what type of edge the panel should have; whether the panel is raised, sunken, or flat; and the width of the border. Combinations of these properties can be used to create a variety of 3D panels. C++Builder has another group of components that I’ll throw in with the standard controls. These controls can be found under the Additional tab on the Component Palette. The classes representing these components include TBitBtn, TSpeedButton, TMaskEdit, TStringGrid, TDrawGrid, TImage, TShape, TBevel, and TScrollBox. The TBitBtn class represents a button that has an image on it. TSpeedButton is also a button with an image, but this component is designed to be used as a speed button on a control bar. A TSpeedButton is not a true button, but rather a graphical depiction of a button. This allows you to have a large number of speed buttons and not consume Windows resources for each of the buttons. The TImage component allows you to place an image on a form that can then be selected from a file on disk. The TBevel component can be used to create boxes and lines that are raised (bumps) or lowered (dips). Bevels can be used to divide up a form into visual regions and generally to provide an aesthetically pleasing form. Windows 95 Custom Control Classes VCL has component classes that encapsulate many of the Windows 32-bit custom controls. These classes include TListView, TTreeView, TProgressBar, TTabControl, TPageControl,
C++ Class Frameworks and the Visual Component Model TRichEdit, TImageList, TStatusBar, and a few others. Some of these controls are, by nature, complicated, and the VCL classes that represent them are fairly complicated as well. Trust me when I say that VCL does a great deal to ease the burden of working with these common controls. You’ll have to spend some time with these classes before you fully understand them. Database Component Classes VCL has a host of database components, which include both visual and nonvisual classes. Nonvisual database components include TDataSource, TDatabase, TTable, and TQuery. These classes encapsulate behind-the-scenes database operations. Visual database component classes are the part of the VCL database operations that users can see and interact with. For instance, a TDBGrid component is used to give users access to a database table that might be represented as a TTable component. In this way, the TDBGrid acts as the interface between the user and the TTable. Through the TDBGrid, the user can view and edit the database table on disk. The TDBNavigator component provides buttons that allow the user to move through a database table. This class includes buttons for next record, previous record, first record, last record, cancel edit, accept edit, and undo edit. Other data-aware component classes hook standard Windows controls to database fields. These classes include TDBText, TDBEdit, TDBListBox, and TDBImage, among others. Common Dialog Classes As you are no doubt aware, Windows has common dialog boxes for things like opening files, saving files, choosing fonts, and choosing colors. VCL encapsulates these common dialog boxes in classes representing each type. The classes are TOpenDialog, TSaveDialog, TFontDialog, TColorDialog, TPrintDialog, and TPrinterSetupDialog. VCL also adds the TFindDialog and TReplaceDialog classes to this group of components. These components are nonvisual in that they do not have a design-time interface that you can see. The dialog boxes are visible when displayed at runtime, of course. System Component Classes The System tab on the Component Palette contains a mixture of visual and nonvisual components. The TTimer class is used to represent a Windows system timer. Its single event is OnTimer, which is called each time the timer fires. The timer interval is set through the Interval property. TTimer is a nonvisual component. VCL includes several component classes that allow you to build your own custom File Open or File Save dialog box. The classes are TFileListBox, TDirectoryListBox, TDriveComboBox, and TFilterComboBox. 159 5
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At a Glance At A Glance WEEK 1 In W
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Day 1 Getting Your Feet Wet Week Ge
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Getting Your Feet Wet are divided i
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Getting Your Feet Wet but you need
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NOTE Getting Your Feet Wet In order
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NOTE Getting Your Feet Wet In C++,
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Getting Your Feet Wet An object, li
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Getting Your Feet Wet In some progr
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Listing 1.3. WRAPME.CPP. Getting Yo
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Getting Your Feet Wet Operator Desc
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NEW TERM Figure 1.5. Anatomy of a f
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SYNTAX ▼ ▲ Getting Your Feet We
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Getting Your Feet Wet Let’s prove
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Getting Your Feet Wet When the prog
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NOTE Function Description Getting Y
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NOTE Getting Your Feet Wet numbers
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Quiz Getting Your Feet Wet Windows
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Day 2 Wading In Deeper Wading In De
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NOTE Wading In Deeper If the condit
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SYNTAX ▼ ▼ TIP TIP Wading In De
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SYNTAX Wading In Deeper immediately
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Listing 2.1. FORLOOP.CPP. Wading In
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SYNTAX ▼ ▲ SYNTAX ▼ ▲ The w
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Wading In Deeper for (int i=0;i
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▲ default: dflt_statements; break
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Wading In Deeper This code generate
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NOTE Wading In Deeper You can creat
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Wading In Deeper So how do the sour
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Wading In Deeper 20: sizeof(listArr
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NOTE Wading In Deeper The displayRe
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Workshop Wading In Deeper The Works
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Day 3 Up to Your Neck in C++ Up to
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Up to Your Neck in C++ In this case
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Up to Your Neck in C++ Figure 3.1.
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Up to Your Neck in C++ That won’t
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Up to Your Neck in C++ 42: cin.getl
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Listing 3.2. REFERENC.CPP. Up to Yo
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Up to Your Neck in C++ Although it
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Up to Your Neck in C++ If you are a
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Up to Your Neck in C++ Now the comp
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Quiz Up to Your Neck in C++ Day 5,
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Totally Immersed: C++ Classes and O
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Figure 6.18. The About box for the
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Figure 6.20. The Project Options di
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Quiz The C++Builder IDE Explored: P
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Working with the Form Designer and
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NOTE Working with the Form Designer
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NOTE TIP TIP Working with the Form
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In Review In Review WEEK 1 You cove
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In Review displayed based on user i
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At a Glance At A Glance WEEK 2 Are
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Day 8 VCL Components VCL Components
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VCL Components C++Builder displays
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VCL Components Important Common Pro
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Cursors VCL Components The Cursor p
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Figure 8.2. The Object Inspector sh
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VCL Components You can set this pro
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VCL Components Similarly, when the
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VCL Components or load the Memo wit
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VCL Components Item Applies To Desc
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VCL Components You can use owner-dr
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VCL Components Property Applies To
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VCL Components for buttons that are
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VCL Components property set to true
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VCL Components The GroupIndex Prope
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VCL Components As such, they go wit
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VCL Components The File Open and Fi
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VCL Components The InitialDir Prope
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VCL Components The Font dialog box
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Quiz VCL Components Q I’m respond
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Day 9 Creating Applications in C++B
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Figure 9.1. The Object Repository w
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Creating Applications in C++Builder
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TIP Creating Applications in C++Bui
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Figure 9.4. The Object Repository c
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TIP Creating Applications in C++Bui
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Summary Creating Applications in C+
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More on Projects Day 10 More on Pro
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More on Projects The only time this
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TIP More on Projects You can add mo
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More on Projects Table 10.1. The Pr
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Figure 10.6. The Project Explorer s
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■ Forms ■ Application ■ C++
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Figure 10.9. The C++ page of the Pr
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More on Projects The Show warnings
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More on Projects The C++Builder Cod
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More on Projects find a matching br
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More on Projects 8. Continuing with
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Using the Debugger Day 11 Using the
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Using the Debugger Item Shortcut De
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CPU View Using the Debugger The CPU
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C++Builder Database Architecture Da
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Building Internet Applications Day
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Building Internet Applications Tabl
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Quiz Building Internet Applications
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ Day 14
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ compil
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ Anothe
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ value
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ you ca
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In Review In Review WEEK 2 Wow, tha
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Answers to Quiz Questions APPENDIX
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Day 3 Day 4 Answers to Quiz Questio
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Day 10 Answers to Quiz Questions 1.
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Symbols & (ampersands), 246 © (cop
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C C (programming language), 132 C c
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File Save, 309-312 Find/Replace, 31
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Insert Template, 248 Object Reposit
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Cascade( ), 198 Close( ), 198 Close
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Layout property (BitBtn component),
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object-oriented programming, see OO
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protected member functions, 106 pro
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structures arrays, 58 C vs. C++, 64
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A V I A C O M S E R V I C E The Inf
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Component Palette Quick Reference S
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Add to Your Sams Library Today with
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Overview Introduction Introduction
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Introduction VCL Explored .........
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