Teach Yourself Borland C++ in 14 Days - portal

SYNTAX
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TIP
TIP
Wading In Deeper
The C++Builder Code Editor has a handy function to help you find
matching braces. Position the cursor on the brace for which you want
to find the corresponding brace. Press either the Alt+[ or the Alt+] key
combination, and the cursor will be positioned at the brace you are
looking for. It doesn’t matter whether you start on the opening brace or
the closing brace. In either case, the matching brace will be located.
If a section of code contains more than two or three consecutive if
statements testing for different values of the same variable, it might be a
candidate for a switch statement. The switch statement is discussed
later in this chapter in the section “The switch Statement.”
Earlier I mentioned C++ shortcuts. There is a shortcut for the if-else combination. Look
at the following code:
if (direction == EAST) lost = true;
else (lost = false);
These two lines can be condensed into a single line:
direction == EAST ? lost = true : lost = false;
Although this shortcut notation might look a little odd at first, you will quickly learn to
recognize it when you see it. The if statement is heavily used in C++. It’s pretty straightforward,
so you won’t have any trouble with it. The main thing is keeping all of the braces
straight.
The if statement, Form 1:
if (cond_expr) {
true_statements;
}
else {
false_statements;
}
If the conditional expression, cond_expr, is true (nonzero), the block of code represented by
true_statements is executed. If the optional else clause is specified, the block of code
represented by false_statements is executed when the conditional expression, cond_expr, is
false.
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