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420 Day 11 The WARN macro is similar to TRACE except that it allows you to introduce conditions—the message will be output only if the condition is met. The following example sends a message to the message window only if the variable x is greater than 200: WARN(x > 200, “x = “
Using the Debugger The diagnostic macros are declared in a file called checks.h, so you need to add the line #include to your source code as well. If you neglect to include checks.h, you will get a compiler error on any lines that contain TRACE or WARN. Tracking Down GPFs NOTE All Windows programmers have encountered general protection faults and general protection exceptions while developing their applications. For simplicity, I will refer to both universally as GPFs. The term GPF is a holdover from 16-bit Windows. Its use is still prevalent in the 32-bit Windows programming world even though 32-bit Windows actually generates access violation errors rather than general protection faults. GPFs can be difficult to track down for beginning and experienced Windows programmers alike. Often, as programmers gain experience in writing Windows programs, they develop a sixth sense of sorts regarding locating the cause of GPFs. The following sections describe some things to look for when trying to track down the elusive GPF. These are not the only situations that cause a program to crash, but they are some of the most common. Uninitialized Pointers An uninitialized pointer is a pointer that has been declared but has not been set to point to anything meaningful in your program. An uninitialized pointer will contain random data. In the best case it points to some harmless spot in memory. In the worst cases the uninitialized pointer points to a random memory location somewhere in your program. This can lead to erratic program behavior because the pointer might point to a different memory location each time the program is run. Always set pointers to NULL both before they are used for the first time and after the object pointed to is deleted. If you try to access a NULL pointer, your program will GPF, but the offending line in the source code will be highlighted by the debugger, and you can immediately identify the problem pointer. 421 11
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At a Glance At A Glance WEEK 1 In W
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Day 1 Getting Your Feet Wet Week Ge
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Getting Your Feet Wet are divided i
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NOTE Getting Your Feet Wet As you m
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Getting Your Feet Wet but you need
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NOTE Getting Your Feet Wet In order
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NOTE Getting Your Feet Wet In C++,
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Getting Your Feet Wet An object, li
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Getting Your Feet Wet In some progr
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Listing 1.3. WRAPME.CPP. Getting Yo
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Getting Your Feet Wet Operator Desc
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NEW TERM Figure 1.5. Anatomy of a f
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SYNTAX ▼ ▲ Getting Your Feet We
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Getting Your Feet Wet Let’s prove
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Getting Your Feet Wet When the prog
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NOTE Function Description Getting Y
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NOTE Getting Your Feet Wet numbers
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Day 2 Wading In Deeper Wading In De
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SYNTAX ▼ ▼ TIP TIP Wading In De
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SYNTAX Wading In Deeper immediately
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Listing 2.1. FORLOOP.CPP. Wading In
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SYNTAX ▼ ▲ SYNTAX ▼ ▲ The w
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Wading In Deeper for (int i=0;i
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▲ default: dflt_statements; break
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Wading In Deeper This code generate
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Wading In Deeper So how do the sour
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Workshop Wading In Deeper The Works
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Day 3 Up to Your Neck in C++ Up to
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Up to Your Neck in C++ Figure 3.1.
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Up to Your Neck in C++ That won’t
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Listing 3.2. REFERENC.CPP. Up to Yo
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Up to Your Neck in C++ Although it
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Up to Your Neck in C++ If you are a
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Totally Immersed: C++ Classes and O
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C++ Class Frameworks and the Visual
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Figure 5.1. The Object Inspector wi
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Exercises C++ Class Frameworks and
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The C++Builder IDE Explored: Projec
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TIP Figure 6.11. The About box with
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Figure 6.18. The About box for the
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Figure 6.20. The Project Options di
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Quiz The C++Builder IDE Explored: P
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Working with the Form Designer and
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NOTE TIP TIP Working with the Form
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Quiz Working with the Form Designer
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In Review In Review WEEK 1 You cove
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In Review displayed based on user i
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At a Glance At A Glance WEEK 2 Are
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Day 8 VCL Components VCL Components
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VCL Components C++Builder displays
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VCL Components Important Common Pro
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Cursors VCL Components The Cursor p
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Figure 8.2. The Object Inspector sh
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VCL Components You can set this pro
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VCL Components Method Description I
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VCL Components Similarly, when the
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NOTE TIP VCL Components There may b
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VCL Components or load the Memo wit
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VCL Components Item Applies To Desc
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VCL Components You can use owner-dr
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VCL Components The GroupIndex Prope
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VCL Components As such, they go wit
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VCL Components The File Open and Fi
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VCL Components The InitialDir Prope
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VCL Components The Font dialog box
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Quiz VCL Components Q I’m respond
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Day 9 Creating Applications in C++B
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Figure 9.1. The Object Repository w
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Creating Applications in C++Builder
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TIP Creating Applications in C++Bui
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Figure 9.4. The Object Repository c
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TIP Creating Applications in C++Bui
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Summary Creating Applications in C+
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More on Projects Day 10 More on Pro
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More on Projects The only time this
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TIP More on Projects You can add mo
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More on Projects Table 10.1. The Pr
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Figure 10.6. The Project Explorer s
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■ Forms ■ Application ■ C++
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Building Internet Applications Day
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Building Internet Applications Tabl
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Quiz Building Internet Applications
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ Day 14
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ compil
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ Anothe
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ __int8
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ value
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C++Builder Extensions to C++ you ca
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In Review In Review WEEK 2 Wow, tha
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Answers to Quiz Questions APPENDIX
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Day 3 Day 4 Answers to Quiz Questio
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Answers to Quiz Questions 4. Hold d
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Day 10 Answers to Quiz Questions 1.
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Symbols & (ampersands), 246 © (cop
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C C (programming language), 132 C c
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File Save, 309-312 Find/Replace, 31
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Insert Template, 248 Object Reposit
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Cascade( ), 198 Close( ), 198 Close
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Layout property (BitBtn component),
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object-oriented programming, see OO
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protected member functions, 106 pro
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structures arrays, 58 C vs. C++, 64
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A V I A C O M S E R V I C E The Inf
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Component Palette Quick Reference S
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Add to Your Sams Library Today with
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Overview Introduction Introduction
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Introduction VCL Explored .........
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