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C++ Throwing Exceptions Exceptions can be thrown anywhere within a code block using throw statement. The operand of the throw statement determines a type for the exception and can be any expression and the type of the result of the expression determines the type of exception thrown. Following is an example of throwing an exception when dividing by zero condition occurs: double division(int a, int b) { } if( b == 0 ) { } throw "Division by zero condition!"; return (a/b); Catching Exceptions The catch block following the try block catches any exception. You can specify what type of exception you want to catch and this is determined by the exception declaration that appears in parentheses following the keyword catch. try { // protected code }catch( ExceptionName e ) { } // code to handle ExceptionName exception Above code will catch an exception of ExceptionName type. If you want to specify that a catch block should handle any type of exception that is thrown in a try block, you must put an ellipsis, ..., between the parentheses enclosing the exception declaration as follows: try { // protected code }catch(...) 244
C++ { } // code to handle any exception The following is an example, which throws a division by zero exception and we catch it in catch block. #include using namespace std; double division(int a, int b) { if( b == 0 ) { throw "Division by zero condition!"; } return (a/b); } int main () { int x = 50; int y = 0; double z = 0; try { z = division(x, y); cout
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About the Tutorial C++ is a middle-
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Enumerated Types ..................
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Function Declarations .............
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Structures as Function Arguments ..
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Data Encapsulation Example ........
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My First CGI program ..............
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C++ The ANSI standard has been stab
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C++ C++ Compiler: This is an actual
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3. BASIC SYNTAX C++ When we conside
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C++ add(x, y); A block is a set of
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C++ ??= # ??/ \ ??' ^ ??( [ ??) ] ?
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C++ cout
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C++ The following table shows the v
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C++ typedef int feet; Now, the foll
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C++ type variable_list; Here, type
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C++ Same concept applies on functio
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C++ Global Variables Global variabl
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8. CONSTANTS/LITERALS C++ Constants
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C++ \a Alert or bell \b Backspace \
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C++ } cout
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C++ j = 50000; i = j; cout
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C++ The static storage class instru
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C++ extern int count; void write_ex
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C++ ++ Increment operator, increase
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C++ operand is greater than or equa
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C++ Line 5 - b is either greater th
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C++ Bitwise operator works on bits
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C++ c = ~a; // -61 = 1100 0011 cout
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C++ Copy and paste the following C+
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C++ Condition ? X : Y Conditional o
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C++ int b = 10; int c = 15; int d =
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C++ do...while loop Like a ‘while
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C++ } return 0; When the above code
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C++ { } cout
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C++ } When the above code is compil
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C++ 2 is prime 3 is prime 5 is prim
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C++ Example #include using namespa
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C++ the ‘for’ loop are required
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C++ for equality against a list of
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C++ When the above code is compiled
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C++ An if can have zero to many e
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C++ switch(expression){ case consta
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C++ case 'D' : cout
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C++ C++ specifies that at least 256
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14. FUNCTIONS C++ A function is a g
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C++ Calling a Function While creati
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C++ in the call. This means that ch
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C++ temp = *x; /* save the value at
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C++ int main () { // local variable
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C++ Total value is :300 Total value
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C++ cout
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C++ double d = 200.374; // mathemat
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16. ARRAYS C++ C++ provides a data
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C++ for ( int j = 0; j < 10; j++ )
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C++ Multidimensioned arrays may be
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C++ Once you store the address of f
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C++ { . . . } Way-3 Formal paramete
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C++ . . } Second point to remember
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C++ 110
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C++ int main () { char greeting[6]
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C++ strcat( str1, str2): HelloWorld
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18. POINTERS C++ C++ pointers are e
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C++ // print the address stored in
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C++ convention, if a pointer contai
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C++ int main () { int var[MAX] = {1
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C++ Address of var[1] = 0xbfce42d4
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C++ Above statement is valid and wi
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C++ char *names[MAX] = { "Zara Ali"
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C++ Passing Pointers to Functions C
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C++ } return avg; When the above co
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C++ 613357504 1377296355 1530315259
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C++ // declare simple variables int
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C++ int temp; temp = x; /* save the
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C++ vals[4] = 50 When returning a r
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C++ hours:minutes:seconds year\n\0.
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C++ using namespace std; int main(
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C++ using namespace std; int main(
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C++ Error message : Unable to read.
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C++ int }book; book_id; Accessing S
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C++ using namespace std; void print
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C++ #include #include using names
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C++ Now, you can use Books directly
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C++ Both of the objects Box1 and Bo
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C++ created previously. C++ friend
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C++ { public: double length; double
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C++ internal representation of a cl
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C++ A private member variable or fu
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C++ You will learn derived classes
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C++ Line::Line(void) { cout
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C++ Line line(10.0); // get initial
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C++ } cout
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C++ } cout
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C++ } *ptr = len; Line::Line(const
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C++ friend class ClassTwo; Consider
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C++ int main( ) { } cout
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C++ Constructor called. Box2 is equ
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C++ Let us try the following exampl
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C++ }; Box(double l=2.0, double b=2
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24. INHERITANCE C++ One of the most
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C++ Total area: 35 Access Control a
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Page 210 and 211: C++ Box operator+(const Box&, const
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Page 214 and 215: C++ #include using namespace std;
Page 216 and 217: C++ Time(int h, int m){ hours = h;
Page 218 and 219: C++ class Box { double length; doub
Page 220 and 221: C++ } return 0; When the above code
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Page 224 and 225: C++ Second Distance :F : 5 I : 11 T
Page 226 and 227: C++ } T2.displayTime(); T2++; T2.di
Page 228 and 229: C++ The function call operator () c
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Page 232 and 233: C++ static int i, j; public: void f
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Page 236 and 237: C++ return (width * height); } }; c
Page 238 and 239: C++ As you can see, each of the chi
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Page 242 and 243: C++ Designing Strategy Abstraction
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Page 246 and 247: 29. INTERFACES C++ An interface des
Page 248 and 249: C++ }; int getArea() { return (widt
Page 250 and 251: 30. FILES AND STREAMS C++ So far, w
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Page 258 and 259: C++ Because we are raising an excep
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Page 262 and 263: C++ double* pvalue = NULL; if( !(pv
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Page 270 and 271: 34. TEMPLATES C++ Templates are the
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Page 276 and 277: C++ test.p. Now, if you check test.
Page 278 and 279: C++ #if 0 /* This is commented part
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Page 282 and 283: 36. SIGNAL HANDLING C++ Signals are
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Page 286 and 287: 37. MULTITHREADING C++ Multithreadi
Page 288 and 289: C++ } pthread_exit(NULL); int main
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Page 292 and 293: C++ // Initialize and set thread jo
Page 294 and 295: 38. WEB PROGRAMMING C++ What is CGI
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C++ cout
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C++ if( !fi->isEmpty() && fi != (*f
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C++ Passing Dropdown Box Data to CG
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C++ Domain: This is the domain
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C++ Cgicc cgi; const_cookie_iterato
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C++ #include #include #include #
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39. STL TUTORIAL C++ Hope you have
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C++ value of vec [1] = 1 value of v
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C++ The Localization library Exc
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