Latino and Hispanic Youth in the Juvenile Justice System

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Black/White Youth Arrest Disparities, 2003-2013 The centrality of disparity at the point of arrest to commitment disparities Racial and ethnic disparities are a pervasive attribute of the juvenile justice system. Along with disparities in which youth get transferred to the adult system, commitments are the residue of disparities that grow at each stage of the justice system. There are sharp limitations to this level of analysis: while the National Disproportionate Minority Contact Databook Puzzanchera, C. and Hockenberry, S. (2015). National Disproportionate Minority Contact Databook. Developed by the National Center for Juvenile Justice for the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. aggregates data for African American youth, white youth, Asian youth and American Indian youth, there are no Hispanic-specific data for disparities at points of contact other than pre- and post-adjudication placements. Moreover, the black/white disparity is probably understated. Because most Hispanic youth are white, Hispanic youth in contact with the justice system are mostly categorized as white, increasing the number of white youth and artificially decreasing the disparity between white and black youth. While disparities in arrests have grown increased, the data also reveal the existence of disparities at other points of contact with the juvenile justice system (see Table 3). Black youth are more likely to be arrested, and are then treated with disproportionate harshness as they go deeper into the juvenile justice system. The 2013 disparities, shown in Table 3, look largely similar to the 2003 disparities with two exceptions: arrests and the decision to commit. In 2013, African American youth were 129 percent more likely to be arrested than white youth. That reflects an increase from 2003, when African American youth were 85 percent more likely to be arrested than white youth. Among youth adjudicated delinquent, black youth were 19 percent more likely to be committed – an increase from the 13 percent disparity in 2003. The pattern is clear: while disparities pervade the juvenile justice system, it is the disparities at the front of the system – arrests – are both where disparities are largest and the point at the system at which disparities grew between 2003 and 2013. Page 46 of 112
Youth Outcomes by Race, 2013 Black juveniles White juveniles Out of every 10,000 teenagers 738 arrests 322 arrests Out of every 1,000 arrests 934 referrals to juvenile court 806 cases referrals to juvenile court Out of every 1,000 arrests 217 diverted away from formal court processing 298 diverted away from formal court processing Out of every 1,000 cases referred to juvenile court 249 detained prior to adjudication 186 detained prior to adjudication Out of every 1,000 cases tried in juvenile court 511 adjudicated delinquent 518 adjudicated delinquent Out of every 1,000 juveniles adjudicated delinquent 611 received probation 648 received probation Out of every 1,000 juveniles adjudicated delinquent 272 commitments 228 commitments Conclusion The existence of racial and ethnic disparities is a disturbing feature of the juvenile justice system. Over the 10-year period in this report, disparities for African American youth and American Indian youth have grown even as overall indicators, such as total arrests and the total numbers of youth in placement, have fallen. These trends suggest that the successful reforms that have led to fewer overall arrests and fewer commitments have not been shared equally among all youth and, in fact, are benefiting white youth the most. Further study is needed to discern the extent to which growing arrest disparities reflect disparate treatment of youth of color within localities or whether they reflect changing standards in different geographic regions within a state. Racially and ethnicity segregated housing mean that, in most states, youth of color are concentrated in cities and inner suburbs while white youth are more likely to live in suburbs and rural areas. As such, an increased racial disparity might reflect sharply decreased arrests in rural counties and a smaller decrease in urbanized counties. What is clear, however, is that states should not ignore the ways that disparate arrest rates impact the deep end of the system. Along with policing reform to respond to youthful behavioral issues without relying on high levels of arrests of youth of color, other actors in the juvenile justice system can Page 47 of 112
Page 2 and 3: Turning the Improbable Into the Exc
Page 4 and 5: Page 4 of 112
Page 8 and 9: 6. 1 We disseminate Quarterly publi
Page 18 and 19: disproportionate share of all felon
Page 20 and 21: • From 1994 to 2011 the rate of b
Page 22 and 23: • Latinos account for 22 percent
Page 24 and 25: • In 2010, the Latino male incarc
Page 26 and 27: and 60 percent were White; and 54 p
Page 30 and 31: Juvenile facilities, including 1,80
Page 32 and 33: New Jersey 11 55 5 New Mexico 86 20
Page 36 and 37: percent.4)The remaining commitments
Page 38 and 39: Hispanic/White Racial Disparity in
Page 40 and 41: Trends in Hispanic to White Commitm
Page 42 and 43: Florida 25% 62% 1227% Georgia 36% -
Page 44 and 45: See full data in Appendix D.13)OJJD
Page 48 and 49: decrease racial disparities in comm
Page 52 and 53: implemented effective, data-driven
Page 54 and 55: decisions regarding detention of yo
Page 56 and 57: or ethnic group, and/or geographic
Page 58 and 59: positively with youth, and how to t
Page 62 and 63: Black 456,276 6% American Indian 27
Page 64 and 65: DUI 286 0.7% Drunkenness 381 0.9% L
Page 66 and 67: Arrest Percentages Hispanic juvenil
Page 68 and 69: Types of Cases Simple assault accou
Page 70 and 71: Stolen property offense 293 12.6% 2
Page 72 and 73: Adjudicated cases resulting in plac
Page 76 and 77: safety without destroying lives and
Page 78 and 79: crime, and save money. The most exp
Page 82 and 83: youth) by 2008. As the number of La
Page 84 and 85: Notes _____________________________
Page 88 and 89: Latino Youth and the Juvenile Court
Page 92 and 93: U.S. Department of Justice Office o
Page 94 and 95: Juvenile court data discussed in th
Page 96 and 97:
Offense profiles for white youth an
Page 98 and 99:
Hispanic youth were more likely to
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Delinquency cases involving Hispani
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In 2013, across offense categories,
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Page 90 of 112
Page 106 and 107:
Representing Hispanic/Latino Youth
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Hispanic/Latino Youth in Juvenile D
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youth as early as possible and prio
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Ask about his or her home and schoo
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youth and their families may not be
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special needs, health concerns, or
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Hispanic/Latino Youth in Juvenile D
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Washoe County Juvenile Services Lim
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Advocacy Foundation Publishers Page
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. I 2015 T
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. V 2019 O
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LI Nonprofit Confidentiality In The
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Vol. XVIII 2032 Public Policy LXXVI
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Legal Missions International Page 1
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XVII Russia Q-1 2019 XVIII Australi
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The e-Advocate Newsletter Genesis o
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Extras The Nonprofit Advisors Group
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www.TheAdvocacyFoundation.org Page
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Latino and Hispanic Youth in the Juvenile Justice System

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