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Final Fact 18 march incl pics anders

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ARGUMENT<br />

Tip 13<br />

How to argue design<br />

decisions. Part two:<br />

supporting a claim or<br />

statement<br />

A text is convincing when it is built around wellargued<br />

claims or statements, because this gives<br />

readers context to judge the statements (Toulmin,<br />

1958). Osborne (2010) argued that: “Argumentation<br />

is the means that scientists use to make their case<br />

for new ideas.” Argumentation means discussing<br />

what a statement builds on, as well as the possible<br />

weaknesses and limitations of the new idea.<br />

Bachelor students at the IDE faculty may not yet have<br />

fully developed critical thinking abilities and may<br />

sometimes still need simple delivery of knowledge.<br />

Nonetheless, engaging in argumentation helps<br />

improve their thinking and writing. Osborne (2010)<br />

argued that argumentation can be learned from an<br />

early age.<br />

Students can use the Toulmin Model (see Figure 5)<br />

to structure and strengthen their argument (cf. BCT<br />

course).<br />

52

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