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Trade facilitation and paperless trade implementation in Latin America and the Caribbean: Regional Report 2017

The Global Survey on Trade Facilitation and Paperless Trade Implementation (“Global Survey”) is a global effort led by the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) in collaboration with all of the United Nations Regional Commissions, namely, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), the Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA), the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The goal of the Global Survey is to gather information from the member states of the respective United Nations Regional Commissions on trade facilitation and paperless trade measures and strategies implemented at the national and regional levels. The results of the survey will enable countries and development partners to better understand and monitor progress on trade facilitation, support evidence-based public policies, share best practices and identify capacity building and technical assistance needs.

The Global Survey on Trade Facilitation and Paperless Trade Implementation (“Global Survey”) is a global effort led by the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) in collaboration with all of the United Nations Regional Commissions, namely, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), the Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA), the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The goal of the Global Survey is to gather information from the member states of the respective United Nations Regional Commissions on trade facilitation and paperless trade measures and strategies implemented at the national and regional levels. The results of the survey will enable countries and development partners to better understand and monitor progress on trade facilitation, support evidence-based public policies, share best practices and identify capacity building and technical assistance needs.

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Table 4 Most <strong>and</strong> least implemented <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>paperless</strong><br />

<strong>trade</strong> measures <strong>in</strong> Lat<strong>in</strong> <strong>America</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Caribbean</strong>, <strong>2017</strong> ......................................................... 27<br />

Table 5 Average <strong>implementation</strong> of SME-oriented <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong> measures<br />

<strong>in</strong> LAC <strong>and</strong> its subregions, <strong>2017</strong> ................................................................................................... 45<br />

Figures<br />

Figure 1 Lat<strong>in</strong> <strong>America</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Caribbean</strong> <strong>and</strong> OECD (high <strong>in</strong>come members)<br />

average time <strong>and</strong> cost to export, 2016 ...................................................................................... 16<br />

Figure 2 Overall <strong>implementation</strong> rates of <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong><br />

measures <strong>in</strong> 21 LAC countries, <strong>2017</strong> .......................................................................................... 21<br />

Figure 3 Overall <strong>implementation</strong> rates of <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong><br />

measures <strong>in</strong> 15 LAC countries, 2015 <strong>and</strong> <strong>2017</strong> .......................................................................... 22<br />

Figure 4 Per capita GDP (2015, PPP) <strong>and</strong> <strong>implementation</strong> rates of <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong> measures <strong>in</strong> 21 LAC countries, <strong>2017</strong> .......................................................... 23<br />

Figure 5 M<strong>in</strong>imum, average <strong>and</strong> maximum <strong>implementation</strong> rates of <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong> measures by LAC sub-region, <strong>2017</strong> ........................................................... 25<br />

Figure 6 Average <strong>implementation</strong> rates of <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong><br />

measures <strong>in</strong> LAC by category, 2015 <strong>and</strong> <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................................ 26<br />

Figure 7 Average <strong>implementation</strong> rates of <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong><br />

categories <strong>and</strong> measures, <strong>2017</strong> .................................................................................................. 26<br />

Figure 8 Largest variations <strong>in</strong> average <strong>implementation</strong> rates of <strong>trade</strong> <strong>facilitation</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong> measures <strong>in</strong> LAC between 2015 <strong>and</strong> <strong>2017</strong> ............................................... 28<br />

Figure 9 Implementation levels of transparency measures <strong>in</strong> Lat<strong>in</strong> <strong>America</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Caribbean</strong>, <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................................................................ 29<br />

Figure 10 Average <strong>implementation</strong> of transparency measures <strong>in</strong> LAC<br />

<strong>and</strong> its subregions, <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................................................................. 30<br />

Figure 11 Implementation levels of formalities measures <strong>in</strong> Lat<strong>in</strong> <strong>America</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Caribbean</strong>, <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................................................................ 31<br />

Figure 12 Average <strong>implementation</strong> of formalities measures <strong>in</strong> LAC<br />

<strong>and</strong> its subregions, <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................................................................ 33<br />

Figure 13 Implementation levels of <strong>in</strong>stitutional arrangements <strong>and</strong> cooperation<br />

measures <strong>in</strong> Lat<strong>in</strong> <strong>America</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Caribbean</strong>, <strong>2017</strong> ................................................................ 34<br />

Figure 14 Average <strong>implementation</strong> of <strong>in</strong>stitutional arrangements <strong>and</strong><br />

cooperation measures <strong>in</strong> LAC <strong>and</strong> its subregions, <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................ 35<br />

Figure 15 Implementation levels of <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong> measures <strong>in</strong> Lat<strong>in</strong> <strong>America</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Caribbean</strong>, <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................................................................ 36<br />

Figure 16 Average <strong>implementation</strong> of <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong> measures <strong>in</strong> LAC<br />

<strong>and</strong> its subregions, <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................................................................. 39<br />

Figure 17 Implementation levels of cross-border <strong>paperless</strong> <strong>trade</strong> measures <strong>in</strong> Lat<strong>in</strong> <strong>America</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Caribbean</strong>, <strong>2017</strong> ............................................................................................................ 40<br />

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