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Detainees Rendered from African Countries to Libya: We interviewed four other Libyans picked up in different places in Africa and then transferred to Libya: one from Sudan, Ismail Omar Gebril al-Lwatty (Lwatty); one from Chad, Mafud al-Sadiq Embaya Abdullah (Embaya); and two from Mali, Abdullah Mohammed Omar al-Tawaty (Tawaty) and Othman Salah (Salah). These interviews contained less evidence than the others of foreign or Western government involvement in the actual transfer, though there are indications that Western governments were involved in the initial apprehensions and subsequent interrogations. The African countries themselves, however, were equally obliged not to render these individuals to Libya, without process and against their will. Most of the Libyans profiled in this report were imprisoned until February 16, 2011, when the uprisings against Gaddafi began. LIFG leader Abdul Hakim Belhadj, his deputy, Khalid Sharif, and LIFG religious leader Sami al-Saadi were released a year earlier, on March 23, 2010, as part of a negotiated release of hundreds of prisoners. Belhadj, Saadi and Sharif had to publically renounce their aim of overthrowing the government by force as part of the deal. Many of those interviewed were also involved in the uprisings against Gaddafi. Sharif, Saadi, and Di’iki were all rearrested during this time for anti-Gaddafi activities and held until August 2011, when Tripoli fell to rebel forces. Belhadj commanded a brigade that played a key role in the uprisings and the taking of Tripoli. Shoroeiya, Sharif, and others interviewed for this report said that many former LIFG members who managed to escape arrest after the uprisings began, but are not profiled here, participated politically in the uprisings and militarily in organizing and training rebel forces. Belhadj and Saadi both ran as candidates for their respective political parties during the July 7, 2012 elections. 25 US diplomats have engaged with Belhadj and his party since they emerged as important players in Libya’s new democratic landscape, and several US Senators, including John McCain, have met with him. Sharif is now head of the Libyan National Guard. One of his responsibilities is providing security for facilities holding high value detainees (mostly officials of the former Gaddafi government) now in government custody. Di’iki also works at the Libyan National Guard and has similar 25 Belhadj ran as a candidate under the Islamist political party Hizb al-Watan and Saadi as a candidate under the part al- Umma al-Wasat. Neither did as well as expected. Omar Ashour, “Libya’s Defeated Islamists,” July 17, 2012, http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/libya-s-defeated-islamists (accessed on July 18, 2012). 11 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | SEPTEMBER 2012
esponsibilities. Mehdi and Shoroieya are prominent members of the same political parties to which Belhadj and Saadi belong, respectively. DELIVERED INTO ENEMY HANDS 12
Page 1 and 2: H U M A N R I G H T S W A T C H Del
Page 3 and 4: Copyright © 2012 Human Rights Watc
Page 5 and 6: Mustafa Jawda al-Mehdi ............
Page 7 and 8: This report is based mostly on Huma
Page 9 and 10: These stories provide new details a
Page 11 and 12: Gaddafi opponents in Libya. Ten of
Page 13 and 14: treatment. Nor did they protect det
Page 15: two more the following April. Commu
Page 19 and 20: identified in this report to Libya,
Page 21 and 22: of compiling the names of those who
Page 23 and 24: Libya from the 1970s to the 1990s I
Page 25 and 26: Gaddafi also made major changes to
Page 27 and 28: Abu Salim massacre, in which prison
Page 29 and 30: insurgency, mainly in eastern Libya
Page 31 and 32: In late autumn of 2007, these repor
Page 33 and 34: econciled with Gaddafi and a number
Page 35 and 36: PLACES OF ARREST, DATES OF TRANSFER
Page 37 and 38: Shoroeiya and Sharif said that once
Page 39 and 40: Arrest and Detention Shoroeiya and
Page 41 and 42: CIA Rendition Transportation Proced
Page 43 and 44: Both were detained in this first lo
Page 45 and 46: Abu Yasser al Jazairi, from Algeria
Page 47 and 48: Sharif also said he learned the nam
Page 49 and 50: Afghanistan on April 25, 2004. Both
Page 51 and 52: Shoroeiya and Sharif both alleged t
Page 53 and 54: The Interrogators Shoroeiya said th
Page 55 and 56: He said there were doctors present.
Page 57 and 58: Mohammed Shoroeiya said his interro
Page 59 and 60: stan.” 191 Both thought they migh
Page 61 and 62: Shoroeiya said there were intrusive
Page 63 and 64: “The biggest suffering for any pr
Page 65 and 66: Majid Mokhtar Sasy al-Maghrebi Maji
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him in Pashto, they spoke to him in
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Loud music was blaring constantly.
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On various occasions while detained
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he was in Karachi, Pakistan. After
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faces. He said he saw from the eyeh
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His interrogators would come to him
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He again went on hunger strike, ask
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Di’iki was detained in solitary c
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Mustafa Salim Ali el-Madaghi Mustaf
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took photos of him; put him in diap
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flight plan to go into Nouakchott,
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Mehdi said he first went to Saudi A
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Pakistanis responded in Pashto. He
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There were about 12 interpreters, p
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know what’s going to happen to yo
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Departure from Libya Belhadj was bo
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‘This is it.’ I thought I would
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information with you [Libyan securi
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equests for information from Abu
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subsequently was able to receive vi
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Sami Mostefa al-Saadi © 2012 Human
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making harsh statements against the
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denied permission for the Libyan ai
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Saadi said he was held without char
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complicity in his transfer back to
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Abu Farsan spent the next decade at
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They noted in the fax that they und
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On June 7, 2006, Abu Farsan was tra
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Safrani in Afghanistan, said that t
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V. The Case of Ibn al-Sheikh al-Lib
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In late 2001, Pakistani authorities
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2004, al-Libi recanted the informat
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held until December 2006, when the
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It is not clear when Ibn al-Sheikh
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Mostafa al-Mehdi (see above) saw al
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VI. Detainees Rendered From Other A
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appointed a lawyer who he said did
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In early 2008 he was charged with b
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government. After 1992, when the go
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governments during the Gaddafi gove
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conflict or emergency, may “opt o
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them to Libya in violation of their
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each country to which the agency de
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shelving the Gibson Inquiry and wou
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To the US Congress • Create an in
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To the Government of the Netherland
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Acknowledgments This report was wri
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Recreation of Document 2144 SUBJECT
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Translation of Documents 2164-65 Al
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Delivered Into Enemy Hands US-Led A
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