Engineering Chemistry S Datta

412 ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
Coal
Distillation
zone
Pyrolysis
zone
Coal =C+ash
+ tar + H O 2
Gas
120°
CH
n m
=CH4
+C+H+Tar
Gasification
zone
Combustion
zone
C+2H
=CH
2 4
C+CO
2
=2CO
C+2H
2O = 2H2CO2
CO+H
2 O = H 2 + CO 2
C+H
2 O = H 2
+ CO
C+ O2 = CO2
2C + O = 2CO
2
Ash bed
1100°
Gas
600°
Air and steam
blast
Fig. 18.17 Showing gasification reactions involved in a gasifier.
EXERCISES
1. What is sweetening of petrol?
2. What is flue gas? How is it analysed?
3. Describe the fluidized bed cracking of pertroleum mentioning the catalysts used.
4. Describe the manufacture of producer gas? What are its uses?
5. What is leaded-petrol?
6. Write the difference between proximate and ultimate analyses.
7. Describe the manufacture of biogas from waste materials.
8. How is the calorific value of a fuel determined?
9. Write notes on:
(i) Bomb calorimeter.
(ii) Octane number
(iii) Catalytic cracking
(iv) Proximate analysis.
10. What is carbonization? Write the advantages of high temperature carbonization.
11. What is power alcohol?
12. Write a brief note on:
(i) Synthetic petrol
(ii) Blue water gas.