Student Hand Book 2021-2022

The modules covered in the first half of the Basic Sciences curriculum are termed as “FOUNDATION
OF NORMAL PROCESS” which basically covers the normal structure, function, and biochemical
aspects of various systems and is covered over 7 modules. The following courses are selected because
together they serve as the foundation of the normal process: anatomy and embryology, physiology,
histology, cell biology, biochemistry, and genetics.
MD1; FOUNDATION OF NORMAL PROCESS I:
This comprises of three modules: Fundamentals of Basic Sciences I, Musculoskeletal and Integumentary
System I, Cardiovascular and Hematologic System I, and Respiratory System I.
FUNDAMENTALS OF BASIC SCIENCES I
This module serves as an introduction to the fundamentals of medical sciences. In this context, students
will be introduced to cell biology, the general principles of anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry. The
cell biology component will comprise cellular organelles and function, the cell cycle and its regulation,
cytoskeleton, and the process of apoptosis. Students will be introduced to the concepts of gamete
formation and fertilization up to the various phases of fetal development. Students will also learn the
physiological and biochemical aspects of homeostasis, body fluid compartments, cell membrane
transport, and action potential. Enzyme kinetics and carbohydrates will also be addressed. In general,
this module provides the basic concepts and information, which will help students learn the following
modules within an organ system approach. Frontier courses and the course in ICM I will run parallel
to the modules.
MUSCULOSKELETAL AND INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM I
This module, with the help of lectures and active sessions, covers the understanding of structure,
development, and function of the musculoskeletal system. It addresses the upper and the lower limb
musculoskeletal structures along with its blood and nerve supply and lymphatic drainage. Students
will also be able to learn the structure of basic tissues and types of epithelium, connective tissue, and
bones. It provides students with an understanding of nerve muscle physiology in terms of generation
of the action potential, excitation-contraction coupling, and its applied aspects. It also explains the
biochemical mechanisms related to musculoskeletal system viz. glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative
phosphorylation. All these topics are integrated with clinical examinations of upper limb, lower limb
and joints in ICM I throughout the module. Students also learn DNA replication, transcription, and
translation of proteins as well as the regulation of gene expression and recombinant DNA technologies
and applications of transgenic, gene therapy, and cloning.
CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM I
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