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36 Type of Classification SE Input material SI Application heavy metals Number of Classes Designation Description of Classes Reference legislation or standard Original English [P] = Product [W] = Waste 1 Certifiering av kompost och biogödsel 3 Kompost 1. razreda Kompost 2. razreda SK Application 2 Kompost I. triedy QAS for compost and digestate [W] Voluntary quality assurance system for compost and digestion products is operated by the Swedish Waste Management Association Avfall Sverige together with Swedish Standardisation Institute SP Class I [P] The decree shows limit values in 3 classes for heavy metals for the use of compost, sewage sludge and fertilisers. Class I can be used without any restrictions besides the consideration of the Instructions for implementing good farming practices (OJ RS 34/009 Class II [P] Class II can be spread with a special permission with a limited application rate considering the heavy metal content and load besides the consideration of the instructions for implementing good farming practices (OJ RS 34/00) COMPOST PRODUCTION AND USE IN THE EU Reference standard statutory voluntary [S]; [V] Swedish Standardisation Institute V SP certification SPCR 120 and SPCR 152 Decree on input of dangerous substances and plant nutrients into the soil (OJ RS 68/96 and 35/01) dto S Kompost za nekmetijsko rabo Class III [W] Class III is not suitable for agriculture dto S Lower than Class III [Waste] If compost does not meet Class III it can be applied as WASTE respecting certain criteria (risk assessment) Kompost II. triedy 1 st . class compost [P] 2 nd . class compost [W] The quality criteria are set for humidity, contain of combustible substances, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, pH level, indecomposable additions, whole homogeneity. Also are monitored the highest levels of present elements in 1 st . class compost. Such compost has to be registered and after it may be marketed according to Act on fertilisers. Can be applied on agricultural soil in compliance with good agricultural practice The quality criteria are set for humidity, contain of combustible substances, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, pH level, indecomposable additions, whole homogeneity. Also are monitored the highest levels of present elements in 2 nd class compost. 2 nd class compost can not be registered as fertiliser. Can be used in landscaping, private gardens etc. Slovak technical standard No. 46 57 35 – Industry composts dto S S S
Type of Classification UK Input material Number of Classes 1 Designation Description of Classes Reference legislation or standard Original English [P] = Product [W] = Waste Compost from source-segregated biodegradable waste, also defined as a Quality Compost Compost from source-segregated biodegradable waste, also defined as a Quality Compost [P] 1 Quality Compost Quality Compost [P] BSI PAS 100:2005 specifies the minimum requirements for the process of composting, the selection of materials from which compost is made, minimum compost quality, how compost is labelled and requires that it is traceable. It also requires Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point assessment and the implementation of a compost Quality Management System and compost labelling and marking. The Quality Compost Protocol (QCP) defines the point at which compost may become a product, by setting the criteria for production of quality compost from sourcesegregated biodegradable waste. Quality compost will be normally regarded as having ceased to be a waste when dispatched to the customer. In order to comply with the QCP, a number of criteria must be met, including that: • The compost is made from source-segregated input waste listed in appendix B of the Protocol. • The compost meets the requirements of one of the approved standards (PAS 100:2005) listed in Appendix A of the Protocol. • The compost is destined for appropriate use in one of the markets designated by the Protocol (agriculture & soil-grown (field) horticulture, land restoration, soft landscape operations and amateur horticulture). • Each compost delivery is accompanied by the compost certification code and a declaration that the compost was produced in conformance with the Quality Protocol. The compost producer provides the compost recipient with a Contract of Supply for each consignment of compost, and keeps a copy of each contract. Reference standard statutory voluntary [S]; [V] PAS 100:2005 The British V Standards Institution’s ‘Publicly Available Specification for Composted Materials’ Quality Compost Protocol (QCP) ‘Quality Protocol Compost: quality protocol for the production and use of quality compost from sourcesegregated biodegradable waste’. COMPOST PRODUCTION AND USE IN THE EU 37 V
Page 1 and 2: EUROPAEN COMMISSION DG Joint Resear
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors would li
Page 5 and 6: 2.1 Task 2.1 - Compost production a
Page 7 and 8: TABLE 27: CRITERIA AND NATIONAL REG
Page 9 and 10: FIGURE 22: COMPOST PRODUCED IN EU27
Page 11 and 12: Proximity principle Advocates that
Page 13 and 14: In some cases, where stabilised bio
Page 15 and 16: Even if modern separation technolog
Page 17 and 18: As a general rule today, for regula
Page 19 and 20: At least in countries with an advan
Page 21 and 22: COMPOST PRODUCTION AND USE IN THE E
Page 23 and 24: timely and sufficient response to t
Page 25 and 26: Task 3: Identify and quantify the u
Page 27 and 28: Mulch compost Compost of generally
Page 29 and 30: Table 3: Number of classes in compo
Page 31 and 32: DE Type of Classification Precautio
Page 33 and 34: Type of Classification IE Precautio
Page 35: Type of Classification Precaution h
Page 39 and 40: It is important to note that the sc
Page 41 and 42: Table 4: General overview on the sy
Page 43 and 44: Statutory Voluntary [S] / [V] Main
Page 45 and 46: Table 5: Comparative list of waste
Page 47 and 48: Type of waste material Further spec
Page 53 and 54: Criterion/Parameter General justifi
Page 55 and 56: “For example, some people place f
Page 57 and 58: Therefore sample taking has been ad
Page 59 and 60: Sampling Equipment and Sample Conta
Page 61 and 62: Austria With shovel: extracted from
Page 63 and 64: Table 12: Mean coefficients of vari
Page 65 and 66: [II] Limits for repeatability 53 [t
Page 67 and 68: Figure 4 shows an example for the t
Page 69 and 70: Country Regulation Type of standard
Page 71 and 72: 1.3.6 Austria - an example for comp
Page 73 and 74: Table 18: Very strict (level 1 - lo
Page 75 and 76: 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 10 20 2
Page 77 and 78: 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 52% 45
Page 79 and 80: It can be concluded: • Setting li
Page 81 and 82: mg kg -1 soil [30 cm] mg kg -1 soil
Page 83 and 84: 1.3.10 Impurities Impurities or any
Page 85 and 86: 1.3.11 Process and health related r
Page 87 and 88:
I n d i r e c t TIME- TEMPERATURE R
Page 89 and 90:
Category 3 material used as raw mat
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This includes a range of varying re
Page 93 and 94:
a) Statutory standards The key reas
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(2) Quality assurance as an instrum
Page 97 and 98:
I. Raw material II. Requirements fo
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Country (Quality label) Status of q
Page 101 and 102:
Country (Quality label) Status of q
Page 103 and 104:
B. Additional quality assurance req
Page 105 and 106:
In Table 26 we allocated compost re
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 17: Registration and certifi
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4) Third party certification under
Page 111 and 112:
Therefore examples of national EoW
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Statutory Voluntary [S] / [V] Compo
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Statutory Compost = Legal basis or
Page 117 and 118:
Statutory Voluntary [S] / [V] Compo
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just heavy metals, but nutrient con
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SI SK UK Regulation Requirements or
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sludge regulations, where the maxim
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Though promoted by individual compa
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x 1000 t 18.000 16.000 14.000 12.00
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tons/year 3.500.000 3.000.000 2.500
Page 131 and 132:
2.3 Task 2.3 - Amounts of compost u
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2.4 Task 2.5 Amounts of input mater
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Greenhouses M EUR 20-40 Nurseries S
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3 Task 3: Quantitative assessment o
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Table 38: Potential of fertiliser s
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2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Sewage sl
Page 143 and 144:
Table 40: Amounts of composted mate
Page 145 and 146:
An extrapolation of the German orga
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4 Task 4 - Markets 4.1 Task 4.1 Pro
Page 149 and 150:
Table 44: Common organic waste trea
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OPTIONS B/GWC AD MSWC MBT LAND INCI
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operation of recycling and composti
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
4.2.1 The Netherlands The Netherlan
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4.2.5 Ireland The following has bee
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4.2.8 Germany A. Potential in Agric
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Market sectors Products Source Mate
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The restoration layer is the upper
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Official data collection is not ava
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4.2.11 European standards by trade
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4.3 Task 4.3 - Prognosis and effect
Page 175 and 176:
5 Task 5 - Import/Export and potent
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300 t/y annually 500 t ? DK up to 5
Page 179 and 180:
Industry surveys to date have not c
Page 181 and 182:
Environment Agency, 2007. Compost.
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