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a) c) e) Plate 8 a) Atys sp. d) Grandidiere/fa sp. b) d) b) Bulla sp. e) Sipunculid f) c) Nudibranch f) Nematod
7/. /ntroduct ion 7.2. Hydrography 7.2.1. Temperature 7.2.2. Salinity 7.2.3. Dissolved oxygen 7.3. Sediment lexture 7.4. Organic matter 7.5. Multiple regression analysis 7.5.1. Macrohenlhic hiomass 7.5.2. Macrobenthic density 7.6. Trophic relationships 7.7. References 7.1. Introduction Chapter 7. Ecological relationships Abundance and diversity of benthic organIsms are controlled by varIOUS environmental parameters such as temperature. salinity, DO. OM and sediment texture. Depending upon the habitat and the community inhabits, the intensity in the influence of these factors also varies. All factors have a positive correlation at its oplimum levels and influence negatively beyond this limit and this optimum limit varies with organisms. Based on the habitat. like intertidal zone, littoral and deep sea, organIsms develop many adaptations to cope up with the environmental conditions. Arabian sea IS UnIque for its seasonally oscillating monsoon system and associated features (Qasim, 1982). Northern Arabian Sea is peculiar in its negative water balance, which result in the formation of several low and high water masses )96
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Certificate I hereby certify that t
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Contents Page No. Chapter 1. Introd
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the bottom. Ekman (1935) described
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wonns are the most abundant group a
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leadership of Sir James Clark Ross,
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Ansari et al., (1977b) carried out
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Gopalakrishnan and Nair (1998) cond
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Major objectives:- 1. To understand
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CMFRI (Central Marine Fisheries Res
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Joydas, T.V., Damodaran, R., 2001.
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monitoring committee (Atlantic Mari
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Vizakat Lathika, I-Iarkantra, S. N.
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analysed after acidification by tit
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used as stain prior to sorting and
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space. Therefore, it is very essent
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Fig. I - Station locations 32
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affected at high temperature. Most
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layers exhibit different oceanograp
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Transect wise variation in temperat
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3.2.2.3. Dissolved oxygen (DO) Dist
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monsoon temperature initially incre
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opined that limited mixing. high or
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Naqvi, S. W. A., Noronha, R. J., Re
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orr Mormugao orr Vernal 35.36 35.32
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The continental shelf and its adjoi
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sediments (4 stations). Silty sand
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fine sediments with comparatively h
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Narayana, 1991 ). Limited input of
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In general. two ditlerent patterns
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et al., (1980) reported values in t
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organisms living in the water and t
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Hashimi, N. H., Kidwai, R. M., Nair
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Postma, H., 1967. In Estuaries, Lau
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Depths Sand Silt Clay Organic matte
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• PRE'MONSOON SOUTHERN'TRANSECTS
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as the best indicators of the envir
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showed that northern transects have
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decreased from shallow to deeper de
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different depth zones showed that a
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cm 2 with a dominance of nematodes.
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and 6.08 g/m 2 were recorded during
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were located in the nearshore water
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changes in the hydrographical and t
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factor for such a large difference
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Belegvad, H., 1932. Investigations
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Parulekar, A. H., Harkantra, S. N.,
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Savich, M. S., 1972. Quantitative d
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Traosects Polychaetes Crustaceans M
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Miscellaneous Transects Nematodes C
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Depths Nematodes Cope pods Foramini
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Wagh, 1975; Parulekar et ai, 1976;
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ones and 17 were included in the 'r
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Nephtydae (2%). Among the 20 sedent
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At 75 m zone, 31 groups/species wer
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Porbandar. At 50 m depth zone, fluc
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otTMumbai and Ratnagiri and low eve
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species richness at each depth zone
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E2.2.2.!. Richness (Margalef's inde
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Page 172 and 173: Tablc 17. Contd .. - Sternaspidae 0
Page 176: Table 20. contd .. G. alba 20 25 20
Page 179: 150 Taxa 30m 50m 75m lOOm 150 m m D
Page 186: 9% 1% o poIychaete • crustacea o
Page 203 and 204: a) c) e) g) Plate 5 a) Prinospio sp
Page 205: a) c) e) Plate 7 a) Cardium sp. d)
Page 211 and 212: also showed a similar pattern with
Page 213 and 214: y most of the organisms. It was als
Page 215 and 216: with sand of which total density (r
Page 217 and 218: muddy bottom of the west coast of I
Page 219 and 220: crustaceans and miscellaneous group
Page 221: the organic rich environment with h
Page 225 and 226: Icvci (p
Page 227 and 228: mcioHmna serve primarily as rapid m
Page 229 and 230: surface chlorophyll a was 0.36mg I
Page 231 and 232: Devassy, V. P., Achuthankutty, C. T
Page 233 and 234: Longhrust, A. R., Pauly, D., 1987.
Page 235 and 236: Sikora, W. B., 1977. The ecology of
Page 237: Faunal groups Silty Clayey Mixed Sa
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Mannagoa to Porbandar located betwe
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against gastropods during pre- mons
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