11.01.2013 Views

1-41pm5.pdf

1-41pm5.pdf

1-41pm5.pdf

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

evfk fmktvb uf'dht,f<br />

ytvcbc .eyoib7<br />

dblht yfvldbkb<br />

kblthb uf,fnjylt,f<br />

fhxtdyt,bc upbs=<br />

fljka fljka fljka fljka fljka /bnkthb<br />

/bnkthb<br />

/bnkthb<br />

/bnkthb<br />

/bnkthb<br />

IFKDF YFSTKFIDBKB5<br />

LFVJERBLT,TKB LF PTGFHNBEKB UFPTSB<br />

@_!@ OKBC<br />

@* ST,THDFKB-$ VFHNB<br />

3VT ERDT D[TLFD VFS7<br />

SFDUFLFGFHCEKT,C7 D[TLFD<br />

CFCFVFHSKJ CRFVPT DFYJ<br />

VTHF,BIDBKC7 PEHF,<br />

FLTBIDBKC7 VBIF CFFRFIDBKC7<br />

UBUF ,JRTHBFC7 RF[F<br />

KJVFBFC7 UBDB SFHUFVF'TC7<br />

VFVF-IDBK UF,FIDBKT,C LF<br />

VSTK FV VJLUVFC=4<br />

3V[TLHBJYBC4<br />

VBTH ITMVYBKB<br />

GENXBCNEHB<br />

CNELTYNEHB<br />

VJ'HFJ,BC<br />

KBLTHB B.J<br />

UJRF UF,FIDBKB<br />

LF FV VJ'HFJ,FIB<br />

ITLBJLYTY<br />

UBUF ,JRTHBF7<br />

UBF ,FHFVB'T7<br />

STLJ BCFRF'T7<br />

VFVERF RFWBNF'T7<br />

ABMHBF XB[HF'T7<br />

LFSJ NEHFIDBKB=4<br />

15<br />

CFFRFIDBKB LF<br />

BDFYBIDBKB ERDT<br />

UFHBULYTY7<br />

,JRTHBFC<br />

IEFVFDKJ,BSF<br />

LF ]JY ,FCBC<br />

VJYFOBKTJ,BS=<br />

3yfwvj'hfj,f4 evhfdktcj,bs<br />

ufdf vjvfdfk gfhkfvtynib7<br />

hjvkbc sfdv]ljvfhtw<br />

c frfidbkb bmyt,f=4<br />

WWW WWW WWW.A WWW WWW.A<br />

.A .ASA .ASA<br />

SA SAVALI.GE<br />

SA ALI.GE ALI.GE ALI.GE ALI.GE<br />

YJYF UFAHBYLFIDBKB5<br />

THSFLTHSB7<br />

DBCFW FV<br />

HT;BVPT<br />

UFVFH]DT,BC<br />

IFYCB FMDC7<br />

FHBC ,B'BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKB=<br />

6<br />

8<br />

37<br />

3cf[fk[j rht,f vpfl<br />

fhbc ,b'byf<br />

bdfybidbksfy lf<br />

3mfhsek jwyt,fcsfy4<br />

yt,bcvbthb ajhvbs<br />

rjjhlbyfwbbcfsdbc=4<br />

3.DTKFV BWJLTC5<br />

CFFRFIDBKB<br />

VJESVTYKFL TKBC<br />

GENBYBC LF[VFHT,FC=4<br />

20<br />

N9<br />

JKTU BF'T5<br />

XTVB UEYLB B.J<br />

THSFLTHSB7<br />

HJVKBC OTDHT,BW<br />

FH B.DYTY<br />

UFTHSBFYT,EKB<br />

PJYLTH,HBUFLT,IB8<br />

FB7 TC FH VFGFNBTC=<br />

KFIF LFH,FB'T5<br />

SE [FK[BC YT,F<br />

BMYT,F7 XFSDFKTS7<br />

HJV ,B'BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKB FVTHBRBC<br />

V[HBLFYFW 'FKBFY<br />

LBL V[FHLFZTHFC<br />

VBBQT,C=<br />

YFWBJYFKT,VF<br />

VJMFKFMTJ,F<br />

CFMFHSDTKJC<br />

CFGFNBJ RJYCEKCFW<br />

(907)<br />

AFCB @ KFHB<br />

3cgjhnbc atlthfwbt,ib [tkv’qdfytk<br />

sfyfvlt,j,t,pt ybiyfdty yfwbjyfkt,c7 hfsf<br />

3lfdth,jdrt,ekb4 /.fdlts atlthfwbt,b7<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 1<br />

10<br />

13<br />

.dbstkb fdnj,ect,bs fnfhjy cgjhncvtyt,b7<br />

bvbnjv7 hjv xtvgbjyt,b pjylth,buflt,ib<br />

uffthsbfyjy lf [fk[b fwtvbyjy=4<br />

3TC GENXBCNB CNELTYNT,B<br />

BLUYTY EYBDTHCBNTNBC<br />

GBHDTKB LF VTJHT<br />

RJHGECT,BC<br />

ITCFCDKTKT,SFY LF<br />

V[TLHBJYTKT,CF LF<br />

RBNJDFYBC UDFHLBTKT,C<br />

VBESBST,LYTY7 SE HJVTKB<br />

CNELTYNB B.J PDBFL<br />

UFVCF[EHLBFC VJV[HT=4<br />

4-5<br />

OFFHSDTC=


2<br />

RDBHTEKT,B LF SDBEHT,B<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvb cfmfhsdtkjib hecekb<br />

jregfwbbc rdbhtekc otkboflib jh]th fqybiyfdc<br />

2 @% st,thdfkc 2 !)@! otkc ,jkitdbrehb<br />

obstkb fhvbbc vbth cfmfhsdtkjc lfg.hj,bcf lf<br />

ufcf,zjt,bc lqtc lf ( fudbcnjc 2 @__( otkc<br />

w[bydfkib jvbc lfo.t,bc lqtc8<br />

lbf[7 cojhtl otkboflbc fv<br />

jh lqtc f[ctylt,fs yfwt,cf<br />

lf vfssfy ufsfyf,ht,ek gbht,c<br />

hectssfy jvib lfqegekb<br />

mfhsdtkb uvbht,b8 ntktrfvtht,bc<br />

sfy[kt,bs +lf fhfdbsfh<br />

itvs[dtdfib ntktrfvtht,bc<br />

ufhtit‘ vblbfy vfs cfakfdt,sfy7<br />

vtvjhbfkt,sfy7<br />

j,tkbcrt,sfy7 cfpbpqfhb jregfynt,bc<br />

itcf[t, bqt,ty ljrevtyneh<br />

abkvt,c7 ghjgfufylbcnek<br />

dbltjhujkt,c lf888<br />

vrthlpt b,ytdty .f.fxjc8<br />

.f.fxjcf cbobskbsf 3yfwvj4<br />

lfevidtyt,bf888<br />

uekpt .f.fxjlf,ytekb yfwt,b7<br />

hjvkt,cfw vt .f.fxj[tkt,b<br />

lfdfhmdb7 fv hecekb<br />

jregfwbbc rdbhtekt,bs bcts<br />

gbfhc brtst,ty7 flfvbfyb 'fkfeyt,ehfl<br />

ufbabmht, 2 !)@!<br />

otkc obstk fhvbfc cfmfhsdtkj<br />

hjv fh lftg.hj fy @__(<br />

otkc hecekb nfyrt,b w[bydfkib<br />

fh ituhb[byt,ekb.dyty7<br />

hf tidtkt,jlf cffrfidbkcf lf<br />

vstk vbc gjkbnbreh /fhtvc0=<br />

lbf[7 hjv fhf hecekb nfyrt,b7<br />

hfpt ffut,lyty sfdbfys<br />

gbfhc tc enfyrj .f.fxj[tkt-<br />

,b0=<br />

.dtkf cfqfl vjfphjdyt flfvbfyb<br />

[dlt,f7 hjv fv jregfwbbc<br />

rdbhtekt,cf lf vfcpt fo.j-<br />

,bk 3yfwvjeh4 qhbfywtkcf<br />

lf vfyzdf-uht[fc7 jhb ’bhbsflb<br />

vbpfyb fmdc8<br />

GBHDTKB bc7 hjv velvbdfl<br />

w[tkb lf fmnefkehb b.jc hectsbc<br />

vnhbc [fnb7 hbsfw cffrfidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,f mfhsdtkb<br />

[fk[bc gfnhbjnek<br />

uh’yj,t,pt sfvfij,c7 [jkj<br />

fvthbrfcf lf lfcfdktssfy<br />

cfhabfyfl dfzhj,c7 hf lhjc<br />

ltvjrhfnbff7 hf lhjc sfdbceafkb<br />

cfcfvfhskj lf cfvfhskbfyb<br />

fhxtdyt,bf7 hjwf<br />

hectsbc cf[bs fv[tkf vnthb<br />

ud.fdc lf cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbbc<br />

@_ ghjwtynb jregbht,ekbfj8<br />

LF VTJHT vbpfyb7 hfcfw cffrfidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,bcf lf<br />

vbcb ghjgfufylbcnekb jhufyjt,bc<br />

v[hblfy hecek jregfwbfpt<br />

ufesfdt,tkb kfgfhfrb<br />

+[fpc decdfv7 v[jkjl lf v[jkjl<br />

kfgfhfrb‘ tvcf[eht,f7<br />

fhbc bc7 hjv hecekb jregfwbbc<br />

stvbs uflfbafhjc<br />

3yfwvjehb4 jregfwbbc stvf8<br />

lbf[7 hecekb jregfwbbc<br />

rdbhtekt,bc fctsb vfcinf,ehb<br />

fqybidybs 3yfwvjehb4<br />

jregfwbbc w[hfoktlbc uflfafhdf<br />

[lt,f=<br />

LBF[7 LQTC CFMFHSDTKJ7<br />

GBHDTK HBUIB7 COJHTL CF-<br />

FRFIDBKBC HT;BVBC VBTH<br />

FHBC JREGBHT,EKB LF CF-<br />

YFV XDTYC MDT.FYFIB TC<br />

3YFWVJEHB4 JREGFWBF FH<br />

LFCHEKLT,F7 VFYFVLT FH<br />

LFCHEKLT,F HECEKB JRE-<br />

GFWBFW=<br />

lbf[7 cfvij,kjlfy ufhtekb<br />

jregfynt,b hjv ufdbcnevhjs7<br />

fvbcfsdbc ]th iblf jre-<br />

gfynt,bcfufy eylf ufdovbyljs<br />

cfmfhsdtkj8<br />

lbf[7 cfyfv cfcfvfhskj fh<br />

ufsfdbceaklt,f 3yfwvjehb4<br />

jregfwbbcfufy9<br />

cfyfv ,bpytcb fh ufsfdbceaklt,f<br />

3yfwvjehb4 jregfwbbcfufy9<br />

cfyfv mfhsekb rfyjyvlt,kj,f<br />

lf rjycnbnewbf 3yfwvjtkb4<br />

jregfynt,bc [tkib<br />

bmyt,f9<br />

cfyfv mfhsekb trjyjvbrf<br />

lf cf[tkvobaj ,be]tnb<br />

3yfwvjtkb4 jregfynt,bc<br />

gbhfl ]b,tc ofhvjflutyc7 vfyfvlt<br />

mdt.fyfib hecekb<br />

jregfwbf fh lfcheklt,f=<br />

lbf[7 mfhsdtkb thb7 hjvtkbw<br />

velvbdb 3yfwvjehb4 nthjhbc<br />

mdti bv.jat,jlf7 mfhsdtkb<br />

cfpjufljt,f7 hjvtkbw<br />

3yfwvjtkb4 jregfynt,bc<br />

v[hblfy velvbdb htghtcbt,bc<br />

j,btmnbf7 cfmfhsdtkjc vjcf[ktj,f7<br />

hjvkbc lbl yfobkibw<br />

3yfwvjtkb4 jregfynt,bc<br />

ibibf ufvtat,ekb7 dthfyfbhfl<br />

dth it’kt,c bvfc7 hjv mdt-<br />

.fyf ufhtit jregfynt,bcfufy<br />

lfb[cyfc8<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

.f.fxjbfyb<br />

.t.txt,b= tc<br />

3yfwt,bc4 v[jkjl<br />

eybzj<br />

gbfhbf lf gfnhbjnbpvsfy<br />

fhfyfbhb<br />

rfdibhb fhf<br />

fmdc8 hjujhw<br />

bn.dbfy7 f[kf vfufs mfkbfy-rfwbfyfl<br />

rhbnbrekb lqtt,b fmds lf eylfs7 rdbhtekfl<br />

uflffrtsjy=<br />

HTPJ FVFIERTKB<br />

gjtnb<br />

ENFYRJ<br />

.F.FXJ[TKT,B<br />

HECEKB JREGFWBBC RDBHTEKB LF<br />

3YFWVJEHB4 JREGFWBBC W[HFOKTLB=<br />

lbf[7 [FK[B7 hjvtkcfw<br />

tibybf 3YFWBJYFKEHB VJ-<br />

’HFJ,BC47 cfvij,kjc vjv-<br />

[lehbcfufy dth uffsfdbceakt,c=<br />

GJKBWBTKB7 hjvtkcfw<br />

tibybf DFYJ VTHF,BIDB-<br />

KBC7 cfvij,kjc vjv[le-<br />

UJUB SJAF’T<br />

rjvgfybf 3.fp,tubc4<br />

ghtpbltynb<br />

tc [tkbceakt,f .dtkfathc<br />

brflht,c7 vfuhfv ,b’byf<br />

vfbyw vjdf=<br />

hbcfufy dth uffsfdbceakt,c=<br />

]FHBCRFWB7 hjvtkcfw<br />

tibybf ,FXJ F[FKFBFCB7<br />

cfvij,kjc vjv[lehbcfufy<br />

dth uffsfdbceakt,c=<br />

fct hjv7 rbltd dbvtjht,7 cfyfv<br />

cfmfhsdtkj 3yfwvj’hf-<br />

@_ OKBC OBYFS7<br />

!))@ OKBC<br />

# VFHNC7<br />

UFVJDBLF<br />

UFPTS<br />

3FCFDFK-<br />

LFCFDFKBC4<br />

GBHDTKB<br />

YJVTHB<br />

3RDBHBC GFKBNHF4<br />

dabmhj,7<br />

hjv vj’vt mfhsdtkb<br />

[fk[b<br />

cf,jkjjl ufbfpht,c7<br />

hjv<br />

hectsb vfsb<br />

vnthb fh fhbc<br />

lf ehsbthsj-<br />

,fw fqlut,f8<br />

ehsbthsj,t-<br />

,bc ufaezt,f hectsbc ,hfkb fh fhbc7 tc<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc [tkbceakt,bc gjkbnbrbc<br />

itltubf8<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

DKFLBVTH GENBYB<br />

hectsbc ghtvbth-vbybcnhb<br />

j,bc4 jregfwbbcfufy fh ufsfdbceaklt,f7<br />

vfyfvlt hecekb<br />

jregfwbbcfufy sfdc dth lfb[cybc8<br />

vbsevtntc7 hjv tc iblf<br />

jregfynb 2 cffrfidbkb lf<br />

3yfwbjyfkehb vj’hfj,f47 cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

gbhlfgbh f[jhwbtkt,c<br />

bv ’fkbc gjkbnbrfcf<br />

lf bynthtct,c7 hjvtkcfw<br />

ufvelvt,bs jregfync t’f[bc8<br />

PTVJS [FPUFCVBS FQD-<br />

YBIYT7 HJV CFFRFIDBKBC [T-<br />

KBCEAKT,BC V[HBLFY HE-<br />

CEK JREGFWBFPT V[JKJL<br />

UFESFDT,TKB KFGFHFRB<br />

UDTCVBC7 CFMVBS RB CHEKB-<br />

FL CFGBHBCGBHJC D[TLFDS8<br />

LBF[7 CFMVBS D[TLFDS<br />

BVFC7 HJV cffrfidbkbc [tkbceakt,fv<br />

hectsc vb/.blf cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vstkb hbub<br />

cnhfntubekb j,btmnt,b8<br />

CFMVBS D[TLFDS BVFC7 HJV<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc jmhjc cf,fljt,b<br />

cffrfidbkbc [tkbceakt-<br />

,fv genbybc vtuj,fh utythfkjdc<br />

vb/.blf8<br />

CFMVBS D[TLFDS BVFC7 HJV<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc trjyjvbrfib hecekb<br />

rfgbnfkbc [dtlhbsb<br />

obkb fhyf[ekfl lblbf8<br />

hfw vsfdfhbf7 CFMVBS LF-<br />

DBYF[TS BC7 HJV cfmfhsdtkjlfy<br />

hbc dfb-dfukf[bs uf.dfybkb<br />

hecekb cfv[tlhj ,f-<br />

3GBHDTKB4<br />

pt,b cffrfidbkvf bctd erfy lff,heyf8<br />

CFMVBS LFDBYF[TS BC7<br />

HJV f[fkujhbc hfbjyb lf<br />

rjljhbc [tj,f cffrfidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,fv kfyufhpt lflt,ekb<br />

vbfhsdf hectsc8<br />

lf fv .dtkfahbc itvltu7<br />

’dbhafcj vrbs[dtkj7 hecek<br />

jregfwbfpt ufesfdt,tkb kfmkfmb<br />

lf vrthlpt .f.fxjc lf,ytdf7<br />

c[df hf fhbc7 se fhf<br />

enfyrj .f.fxj[tkt,bc fathbcnj,f<br />

lf afhbctdkj,f0=<br />

lqtc cfmfhsdtkjc vsfdfhb<br />

jregfynb7 xdtyc mdt.fyfib<br />

cthuj jh]jybrb’bc cfmvbc<br />

ufvuh’tkt,tkb lf fqvptdt,tkb<br />

vb[tbk cffrfidbkbf7<br />

hjvtkcfw futh erdt<br />

ths sdtpt vtnbf7 nfypt ufe[ltkfl<br />

fwdbf FVTHBRBC<br />

CFPQDFJ FRFLTVBBC REHCFY-<br />

NBC MEHSERB8<br />

lbf[7 cojhtl fvthbrekb<br />

afcflbs lf hecekb ibusfdcbs<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib w[hf otkbf7<br />

uh’tklt,f 3yfwvjehb4<br />

jregfwbf7 hjvtkcfw dthfyfbhb<br />

rdbhtekt,b lf sdbeht-<br />

,b dth uflfafhfdc vfyfv7 cfyfv<br />

mfhsdtkb [fk[b cffrfidbkbc<br />

ht;bvbcfufy cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

ltjregfwbfc fh vjf[ltyc=<br />

gfhkfvtynbc sfdv]ljvfht<br />

LFDBS ,FMHF’T<br />

]f,f [e,ef<br />

bvfc7 hjv genbyc mfhsdtkb<br />

[fk[b e.dfhc7 vfiby lfdb]tht,7<br />

hjwf hectsb cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

nthbnjhbblfy ]fhc<br />

ufb.dfyc8<br />

3GBHDTKB4


UFVFH]J,F7 MBHSBKF-J<br />

UFVFH}J,F7 FA[FPTSJ<br />

ITYB=<br />

ITYB=<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkvf cfresfhb gjkbnbrehb gfhnbf 3mfhsekb<br />

jwyt,f 2 ltvjrhfnbekb cfmfhsdtkjc4 cfbybwbfnbdj ]ueabc<br />

ofhlutyfpt smdf7 hjv vothfkb uehfv jlbifhbf .jdtksdbc<br />

fmnbehfl vjyfobktj,lf<br />

vjkfgfhfrt,t,ib<br />

cfmfhsdtkjcf lf<br />

fa[fptsc ijhbc8<br />

cffrfidbkbc rfhbc ntktdbpbt,vf<br />

lf ]b,bc tmcgthnt,vf<br />

bdfybidbkbc yfsmdfvb 2<br />

3vjkfgfhfrt,t,b cfmfhsdtkjcf<br />

lf fa[fptsc ijhbc4 2<br />

[tkpt lfb[dbtc lf fvfpt ifdb<br />

gbfhrfvgfybf ffutc7 sbsmjc<br />

bdfybidbkb fa[fptsc cfmfhsdtkjcfufy<br />

.jac lf vfc lfvjerblt,tk<br />

cf[tkvobajl vbbxytdc8<br />

sevwf7 cffrfidbkbc rfhbc<br />

ntktdbpbt,cf lf ]b,bc tmcgthnt,c<br />

rhbynb fh lfe’hfds<br />

bvfpt7 hjv bdfybidbkbc<br />

vbth ptvj[ctyt,ekb cbn.dt-<br />

,bc ofhvjsmvfvlt hfvltybvt<br />

lqbs flht cfmfhsdtkj lf<br />

fa[fptsb thsvfytsbcfufy lffwfkrtdf<br />

ibyfufy cfmvtsf vbybcnhvf<br />

dfyj vthf,bidbkvf8<br />

lbf[7 hjwf vthf,bidbkb<br />

vqdltkvjyfpjy bjyfc fa[fpb<br />

ctgfhfnbcnt,bc n.dtj,blfy<br />

ufvj[cyfpt frtst,lf rjvtynfhc7<br />

smdf7 vfvf bjyf erdt sfdbceafkbf<br />

lf cfvij,kjib<br />

bv.jat,fj8 t8 b8 vthf,bidbkbc<br />

fphbs7 fa[fptsb ew[j mdt.fyff7<br />

cfblfyfw vfvf bjyf cfvij,kjib<br />

2 cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

lff,heytc8<br />

F{KF SFDFL UFYCF}TS7<br />

"DBHAFCJ VRBS{DTKJ7 DBC<br />

VBFXYBF FA{FPTSB 3LFVJ-<br />

ERBLT


4<br />

TMCRKEPBDB<br />

,bpytcvtyb kfif<br />

lfh,fb’t cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vjcf[ktj,fv gbhdtkfl<br />

ntktrjvgfybf 3bvtlbc4<br />

tsthbs ufbwyj8 bub<br />

3bvtlbc uvbhb4<br />

uf[kfds8 3bc fhbc<br />

flfvbfyb7 hjvtkbw<br />

cfvij,kjcufy ijhc<br />

mfhsek cfmvtc frtst,c<br />

lf pheyfdc mfhsekb<br />

lbfcgjhbc<br />

uf’kbtht,fpt47 2 fct<br />

ofhudblubyf vfiby<br />

ntktrjvgfybf 3bvtlvf4<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc cfgfnbj<br />

rjycekb ybe-]thcbib<br />

kfif lfh,fb’t8 bc<br />

vfhskfw frtst,c<br />

mfhsek cfmvtc<br />

fvthbrfib7 cojhtl vfy<br />

ffityf fvthbrfib<br />

gbhdtkb mfhsekb<br />

vjyfcnthb7 hjvtkbw<br />

mfhsekb reknehbc<br />

wtynhfl bmwf8 fv<br />

uflfwtvbc tsthib<br />

ufcdkblfy vjrkt [fyib<br />

kfif lfh,fb’tc cfgfnbj<br />

rjycekbc cnfnecb lf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vjmfkfmtj,f<br />

xfvjfhsdtc7 hbcb<br />

vbptpbw cjwbfkeh<br />

mctk 3atbc,emib4 vbc<br />

vbth ufysfdct,ekb<br />

ajnjt,b uf[lf8<br />

ajnjt,pt ,b’byf<br />

bdfybidbkbcf lf<br />

fvthbrbc tkxbc ]jy<br />

,fcbc it[dtlhf b.j<br />

fq,tzlbkb8<br />

Vvjmfkfmtj,fofhsvtekb<br />

kfif<br />

lfh,fb't<br />

hfvltybvt lqbs<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc todbf lf<br />

3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkc4<br />

tmcrkepbehb bynthdbe<br />

vbcwf8<br />

2 ,fnjyj kfif7 sfdfl<br />

vjudb.tdbs7 hjujh vj[lf<br />

smdtysdbc cfgfnbj rjycekbc<br />

cnfnecbcf lf vjmfkfmtj,bc<br />

xfvjhsvtdf0<br />

2 cjwbfkeh mctk 3atbc,emib4<br />

mfhsdtkb tvbuhfynt,bcf<br />

lf cfmfhsdtkjc cfrjycekjc<br />

udthlpt ufvjdfmdt.yt<br />

ajnj7 hjvtkbw fcf[fdlf<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkbcf lf<br />

]jy ,fcbc it[dtlhfc8 tc ajnj<br />

ufvjdfmdt.yt .jdtkudfhb<br />

rjvtynfhbc ufhtit7 sevwf7<br />

ajnjib xfyc ,fnjyb ,b’byfcf<br />

lf fvthbrbc tkxbc “fkbfy<br />

vtuj,hekb it[dtlhf7 hfvfw7<br />

tn.j,f7 uffqbpbfyf xdtyb<br />

vsfdhj,f lf gbhflfl ghtpbltynb8<br />

vjvbupfdytc gbhjdyt-<br />

,f7 hjvtkcfw lblb [fybf7 dbwyj,7<br />

bc fvthbrbc vjmfkfmtf lf<br />

lqtvlt lfrfdt,ekbf xdtyb [tkbceakt,bc<br />

kj,bht,bs8 vfy<br />

uflvjvwf cfmfhsdtkjc [tkbceakt,bc<br />

vjs[jdyf7 hjv ,b-<br />

’byf bdfybidbkbcf lf ]jy ,fcbc<br />

cehfst,b fvjvtqj udthlblfy8<br />

XTVSDBC "YTKB OFH-<br />

VJCFLUTYB B.J7 HJV CJ-<br />

WBFKEH MCTKIB CEHFSBC<br />

UFYSFDCT,FC ITB"KT,JLF7<br />

FCTSB V'FAHB HTFMWBF VJ/-<br />

.JKJLF8 CEHFSBC FVJQT-<br />

,FCSFY THSFL VJBS[JDL-<br />

YTY7 UFRTST,EKB.J RJ-<br />

VTYNFHB7 HJV BDFYBIDBKB-<br />

CF LF ]JY ,FCBC IT[DTLHF<br />

FH .JABKF FCTSB VTUJ,-<br />

HEKB LF "FKBFY AJHVF-<br />

KEH DBSFHT,FIB XFBFHF8<br />

FVFPT DSMDB RFNTUJHBE-<br />

KB EFHB8 FV GBHJDYT,FC CF-<br />

MFHSDTKJC [TKBCEAKT-<br />

,FCSFY LFDF,FHT7 HJV FHBC<br />

YFWBJYFKT,VF VJMFKFMTJ,F<br />

CFMFHSDTKJC CFGFNBJ<br />

RJYCEKCFW OFFHSDTC=<br />

CFRBS[T,B7 HFPTW XDTY DTH<br />

ITDSFY[VLT,BS8 tc vjs[jdyf<br />

xtvsdbc b.j f,cjkenehfl<br />

ufeut,fhb7 vfhsfkbf7 bv<br />

lhjc vt uf[klbs cfgfnbj<br />

rjycekb7 vfuhfv xdtyb cfrjycekj<br />

fhfcjltc abyfyclt,jlf<br />

cf,be]tnj cf[cht,bs7<br />

ybe-]thcbc infnib vjmvtl<br />

epfhvfpfh jabcc sfdblfy<br />

,jkjvlt vt dfabyfyct,lb7 tc<br />

.dtkfathb [lt,jlf xtvb cfresfhb<br />

abyfyct,bs lf xdty<br />

udmjylf thsudfhb cedthtybntnb8<br />

xdtyb ehsbthsj,f cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

cftkxjcsfy ufvjb[fnt,jlf<br />

thsj,kbd qjybc-<br />

’bt,t,ib7 hjvtkbw nfhlt,jlf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib ltvjrhfnbbc<br />

ufydbsfht,bc [tkito.j-<br />

,bcsdbc7 fctdt ltvjycnhfwbt,bc<br />

cf[bs hectsbc obyffqvltu8<br />

2 hfnjv uflfo.dbnts<br />

bdfybidbkbcf lf ,fcbc ajnjc<br />

lflt,f cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

cfrjycekjc udthlpt0<br />

2 xdty dbwbs7 hfv[tkf cnfnecb<br />

fmdc fvthbrbc tkxc c[df<br />

mdt.fyfib8 fvthbrbc tkxb fhfcjltc<br />

bynthtclt,f cfiefkj<br />

ghj,ktvt,bs8 bc vjyfobktj,fc<br />

bqt,c evsfdhtc cfrbs[t,ib<br />

lf frtst,c itafct-<br />

,fc8 HJWF FVTHBRBC TKXB<br />

CFRESFHB YT,F-CEHDBKBS<br />

SFDBC !* RJKTUFCSFY TH-<br />

SFL CF[KIB TCNEVHT,F<br />

FLFVBFYC7 TC FHBC IJRBC-<br />

VJVUDHTKB BYAJHVFWBF8<br />

SMDTY HJV UFTWYJS FVT-<br />

HBRBC LBGKJVFNBEH BC-<br />

NJHBFC7 YF[FDS7 HFVLTYFL<br />

BIDBFSBF VCUFDCB AFMNT-<br />

,B8 TC BYAJHVFWBF FEWB-<br />

KT,KFL VBBMWTDC XDTE-<br />

KT,HBDB FVTHBRTKBC .E-<br />

HFLQT,FC 2 DBY FHBC BC<br />

GBHJDYT,F7 HJVTKCFW !*<br />

TKXB TCNEVHF CF[KIB0 TC<br />

BVLTYFL UFVJRDTSBKB AF-<br />

MNBF7 HJV FVBC FHFQBFHT-<br />

,F FHBC EVTWHT,F8 TC B.J<br />

BV OKBC EVYBIDYTKJDFYT-<br />

KFIF LFH,FB'T5<br />

SE [FK[BC YT,F<br />

BMYT,F7 XFSDFKTS7<br />

HJV ,B'BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKB<br />

FVTHBRBC V[HBLFYFW<br />

'FKBFY LBL<br />

V[FHLFZTHFC<br />

VBBQT,C=<br />

CB VJDKTYF8 UFLF[TLTS BC-<br />

NJHBFC LF VBS[FHBS TH-<br />

SB VCUFDCB AFMNB VFBYW8<br />

2 tc ufcfut,bf7 vfuhfv fctsb<br />

vybidytkjdfybf xdtyb [tkbceakt,bcsdbc7<br />

hf ufvjmdt.ylt,f<br />

3atbc,emib40<br />

2 xdty hfvltybvt udthlpt<br />

@_ ___ vtuj,fhb ud.fdc ufthsbfyt,ekb8<br />

@_ ___ flfvbfyb<br />

yf[ekj,c fv udthlt,c8 hjujhw<br />

xfyc7 [tkbceakt,f uffqbpbfyf<br />

bvfy7 hjv tvbuhfwbfv<br />

bynthtcb ufvjbxbyf cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

vbvlbyfht ghjwtct,bc<br />

vbvfhs lf hfqfw ajhvbs<br />

xft,f fv ghjwtct,ib8<br />

XTVUFY FV<br />

CEHFST,BC<br />

FVJQT,FPT<br />

RFNTUJHBEKB<br />

EFHB VBBQTC7 TC<br />

B.J JHIF,FSB<br />

LQT8 JS[IF,FSC<br />

RB CFMFHSDTKJC<br />

GHTPBLTYNBC<br />

,H’FYT,EKT,BS<br />

XTVB CNFNECB<br />

UFFEMVTC LF<br />

CFMFHSDTKJC<br />

VJMFKFMTJ,FW<br />

XFVJVFHSDTC7<br />

JQJYL TC<br />

,H’FYT,F THSB<br />

RDBHBC<br />

OBYFYLTKB<br />

HBW[DBS<br />

UFFAJHVTC8 FCT7<br />

THSB [TKBC<br />

VJCVBS<br />

XFVJVFIJHTC<br />

CFMFHSDTKJC<br />

CFPJUFLJT,HBD<br />

W[JDHT,FC8<br />

2 lf cfufhtj cfmvtsf vbybcnhbc<br />

vjflubktv ufyfw[flf7<br />

hjv smdty dth fchekt,lbs<br />

lfrbcht,ek vjdfktj,fc8<br />

2 .dtkfpt bevjhbcnekb<br />

afmnb fhbc cojhtl tc8 cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

rjycnbnewbbs7 rjycekc<br />

rfntujhbekfl trh’fkt,f<br />

cfdfzhj ehsbthsj,t,ib<br />

xfhtdf8 vjut[ctyt,fs7 xdty<br />

ufudfxybf cf[tkvobaj ,tztlb7<br />

itudb’kbf7 ufdwts gfcgjhnt-<br />

,b8 tc bvfc ybiyfdc7 se vt lfbynthtct,ekb<br />

dfh hfbvt cfdfzhj<br />

ehsbthsj,bs7 itvb’kbf7<br />

,jhjnfl ufvjdb.tyj xt-<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

vb cfvcf[ehb7 fvbnjv fvfib xfhtdf<br />

rfntujhbekfl udtrh’fkt,f8<br />

.dtkfpt cfcfwbkj fhbc<br />

cojhtl tc 2 UFVFSFDBCEA-<br />

KTC BVBC ITECHEKT,KJ-<br />

,BC UFVJ7 HBCB UFRTST,FW<br />

RFYJYBS FRH"FKEKB VMJ-<br />

YLF7 HJV VT FH ITDEO.DT<br />

[TKB CFDFZHJ EHSBTHSJ-<br />

,T,C8<br />

2 cfyfv ghtpbltynb cfgfnbj<br />

rjycekbc cnfneccf lf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc vjmfkfmtj,fc<br />

xfvjufhsvtdlfs7 ntktrjvgfybf<br />

3bvtlbc4 tsthbs7 uflfwtvfib<br />

3bvtlbc uvbht,b47<br />

smdtypt cgtwbfkehb htgjhnf;b<br />

ufdblf8 cojhtl fv<br />

htgjhnf;bs ufdbuts7 hjv<br />

smdty [fhs bc flfvbfyb7 hjvtkvfw<br />

fvthbrfib gbhdtkb<br />

mfhsekb vjyfcnthb ffityf<br />

lf bm v.ja tvbuhfwbfc gfnfhf<br />

cfmfhsdtkj itemvyf888<br />

2 lbf[7 3bvtlbc uvbht,ibw4<br />

db.fdb lf ,jkj cbe;tnb7 hjvtkbw<br />

ntktrjvgfybf 3hecsfdb-@4-bc<br />

tsthib xtvc ufsfdbceakt,fvlt<br />

thsb rdbhbs<br />

flht ufdblf7 t’qdyt,jlf bvfc7<br />

hjv xdty vjyfcnthib ufdfrtsts<br />

mfhsekb tsyjuhfabekb<br />

res[t8 !%-oesbfy cbe;tnib<br />

cfe,fhb b.j bvfpt7 se hf<br />

ofhvfnt,bs dfchekt,s xdtyc<br />

vjdfktj,fc8 pecnfl ths rdbhfib<br />

hfqfw bctsb v’bvt 3lfyfifekb4<br />

xfdblbyt7 hjv cfgfnbj<br />

rjycekbc cnfnecb lf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc vjmfkfmtj,f thsfl<br />

xfvjvfhsdtc8<br />

2 fvthbrfib gbhdtkb mfhsekb<br />

vjyfcnthb7 gjrjyjc<br />

3XTVSDBC "YTKB OFHVJCFLUTYB B.J7 HJV<br />

CJWBFKEH MCTKIB CEHFSBC UFYSFDCT,FC<br />

ITB’KT,JLF7 FCTSB V’FAHB HTFMWBF<br />

VJ?.JKJLF8 CEHFSBC FVJQT,FCSFY THSFL<br />

VJBS[JDLYTY7 UFRTST,EKB.J RJVTYNFHB7<br />

HJV BDFYBIDBKBCF LF }JY ,FCBC IT[DTLHF<br />

FH .JABKF FCTSB VTUJ,HEKB LF "FKBFY<br />

AJHVFKEH DBSFHT,FIB XFBFHF8 FVFPT<br />

DSMDB RFNTUJHBEKB EFHB8 FV GBHJDYT,FC<br />

CFMFHSDTKJC [TKBCEAKT,FCSFY<br />

LFDF,FHT7 HJV FHBC CFRBS[T,B7 HFPTW<br />

XDTY DTH ITDSFY[VLT,BS=4


vjyfcnthb smdtyb cf[cht-<br />

,bs ffityts0<br />

2 tc b.j xdtyb ghjtmnb7<br />

@__* otkc lfdbo.ts lf @__(<br />

otkc lfdfudbhudbyts8 lbf[7<br />

tc fhbc gbhdtkb mfhsekb<br />

vjyfcnthb fvthbrfib7 hfw<br />

fhbc mfhsdtkb [fk[bc lf mfhsekb<br />

vfhskvflblt,tkb trktcbbc<br />

cfresht,f8 tc fhbc<br />

epfhvfpfhb7 !__ vtnhb cbuh’bc7<br />

#^ vtnhb cbufybcf lf<br />

%^ vtnhb cbvfqkbc vjyfcnthb7<br />

yfityt,bf uhfybnbs lf<br />

vjgbhrtst,ekbf vfhvfhbkjsb8<br />

vb[fhbf7 hjv tc vjyfcnthb<br />

bsdkt,f mfhsekb reknehbc<br />

wtynhfl fvthbrfib lf<br />

vbc ufhitvj ufthsbfyt,ekbf<br />

xdtyb tvbuhfwbf8<br />

2 ,fnjyj kfif7 cfyfv cfresfh<br />

sfdpt ufybwlblbs<br />

ecfvfhskj,fc7 se akj,lbs<br />

byajhvfwbfc cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

htfkehfl fhct,ekb<br />

dbsfht,bc itcf[t, lf hf ufyo.j,ff<br />

fvthbrbc mfhsek<br />

lbfcgjhfib cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

[tkbceakt,bc vbvfhs0<br />

2 ’fkbfy lbl[fyc athflb<br />

cfsdfktt,bs de.eht,lbs<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib vbvlbyfht<br />

vjdktyt,c7 vjudojylf bc7<br />

hjv itbwdfkf cbcntvf7 itylt,jlf<br />

,tdhb hfv8 bcbyb7<br />

dbyw byajhvfwbfc v[jkjl<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc wtynhfkehb<br />

fh[t,bs bqt,ty7 fhbfy /bgyjpeh<br />

vlujvfhtj,fib7 /ujybfs7<br />

hjv cfmfhsdtkj oby vblbc<br />

lf dbsfhlt,f8 VFHSF-<br />

KBF7 BYNTHYTNBS LF CJ-<br />

WBFKEHB MCTKT,BS ,TD-<br />

HB GHJ,KT,BC ITCF[T,<br />

VJLBJLF BYAJHVFWBF7<br />

VFUHFV "YTKB B.J BVBC<br />

OFHVJLUTYF7 HJV ITB"KT-<br />

,F7 BCTS ECFVFHSKJ,FC<br />

/MJYJLF FLUBKB7 HJUJ-<br />

HBW FHBC CBN.DBC SFDB-<br />

CEAKT,BC ITPQELDF7 CF-<br />

CFVFHSKJC SFDBCEAKT-<br />

,BC ITPQELDF8 hjwf vt dyf-<br />

[t mfhsekb cfcfvfhskjc<br />

vbth ufvjnfybkb ufvfvfhskt,tkb<br />

ufyfxtyt,bc cnfnbcnbrf7<br />

tc xtvsdbc b.j ijrb8<br />

2 ghtpbltynb [ibhfl<br />

fv,j,c7 hjv ,tdhb tvbuhfynb<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib ,heylt-<br />

,f8<br />

2 xdty dfthsbfyt,s @_ ___<br />

flfvbfyc8 erfyfcrytkb @ okbc<br />

ufyvfdkj,fib fmtlfy v[jkjl<br />

thsb mfk,fnjyb lf,heylf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib8 tvbuhfwbbc<br />

vfnt,f vj[lf @__( okbc itvltu<br />

lf ufcek otkc vfsb<br />

hbw[db ’fkbfy ufbpfhlf8 bc7<br />

hjv tvbuhfynt,b cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

,heylt,bfy7 fhbc afynfcnbrbc<br />

cathj8 gbhbmbs7 bv<br />

gbht,c7 hjvtksfw erdt vjbgjdtc<br />

fvthbrbc vjmfkfmtj,f7<br />

vfcj,hbdfl uf/.fds j]f[t,b8<br />

2 cfbynthtcjf7 hjujh<br />

itfafct,s cffrfidbkbcf lf<br />

,fhfr j,fvfc it[dtlhfc0<br />

2 itlfht,bcsdbc utn.dbs<br />

ths afmnc8 hjwf gbhdtkfl<br />

,fnjyb ,eib xfvj,h’fylf cfmfhsdtkjib7<br />

fh b.j fhwthsb<br />

fvthbrekb ntktcnelbf7<br />

hjvtkvfw tc afmnb fh uffiemf8<br />

FV]THFL FHWTHS FVT-<br />

HBREK WTYNHFKEH FH[-<br />

PT CFFRFIDBKBC IT[DTLHF<br />

J,FVFCSFY FH UFIEMT,E-<br />

KF8 TC BVFPT VBESBST,C7<br />

HJV TC IT[DTLHF EAHJ<br />

B.J UFHBUT,F LF FH /MJY-<br />

LF BC JABWBFKEHB CNF-<br />

NECB7 hjvtkcfw fvthbrbc<br />

wtynhfkehvf ntktdbpbfv<br />

.ehflqt,f eylf vbfmwbjc8<br />

yt,bcvbth fvthbrtkc vstkb<br />

lqbc ufyvfdkj,fib hjv uflftvjovt,byf<br />

fvthbrekb lblb<br />

ufptst,b7 dth yf[fdlf dthfathc7<br />

hfw fv it[dtlhfc fcf-<br />

[fdlf8 xdty hjv fh udwjlyjlf<br />

fvthbrfib cffrfidbkbc<br />

xfvjcdkbc itcf[t,7 fv afmnc<br />

dthw ufdbut,lbs8 xtvb fphbs7<br />

tc it[dtlhf b.j hfqfw ufhbut,bc<br />

itltub lf dabmhj,7 tc<br />

3FV}THFL FHWTHS FVTHBREK<br />

WTYNHFKEH FH[PT CFFRFIDBKBC<br />

IT[DTLHF J,FVFCSFY FH<br />

UFIEMT,EKF8 TC BVFPT VBESBST,C7<br />

HJV TC IT[DTLHF EAHJ B.J<br />

UFHBUT,F LF FH /MJYLF BC<br />

JABWBFKEHB CNFNECB=4<br />

erfdibhlt,f vcjakbj cfdfzhj<br />

jhufybpfwbfib hectsbc<br />

ufotdhbfyt,fc8 fvfpt sfy[vj-<br />

,bc cfyfwdkjl7 mfhsekb v[fhbc<br />

vjs[jdyf b.j7 hjv itvlufhb.j<br />

cffrfidbkbc it[dtlhf<br />

fvthbrbc ghtpbltynsfy8 c[df<br />

f[cyf fvfc fh itb’kt,f /mjyltc8<br />

2 smdty hjujh f[cybs<br />

3VTCB]B7 3VTCB]B7 HJV<br />

HJV<br />

’FKBFY ’FKBFY LBLB LBLB<br />

LBLB<br />

VYBIDYTKJ,F<br />

VYBIDYTKJ,F<br />

FMDC FMDC FHXTDYT,C<br />

FHXTDYT,C<br />

FHXTDYT,C<br />

LF LF LF [FK[BC [FK[BC YT,FC7<br />

YT,FC7<br />

UF;QTHLF<br />

UF;QTHLF<br />

UF;QTHLF<br />

’FKBFY<br />

’FKBFY<br />

VRDTSHFL=4<br />

VRDTSHFL=4<br />

VRDTSHFL8 lbf[7 bv flfvbfyvf7<br />

dbyw eiefkjl fnfht,c<br />

fhxtdyt,c lf dbyw fgbht,c<br />

vbc uf.fk,t,fc7 vbbqj vtcb-<br />

]b7 hjv fh bmyt,f lfvfkekb<br />

tc afmnb lf fv afmnpt<br />

vj[lt,f cfsfyflj htfubht-<br />

,f8 smdty dth yf[fds dthwths<br />

itvs[dtdfc7 hjwf fvthbrbc<br />

ghtpbltynb [dlt,f ltvjr-<br />

hfnbekb mdt.ybc ghtpbltync<br />

lf vcufdc hfvtc fv,j,c8<br />

2 hf byajhvfwbf fmds<br />

fvthbrek gjkbnbreh ohtt,ib<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkbc itcf[t,0<br />

2 se hf byajhvfwbfc<br />

akj,ty bcbyb fvf se bv gbhjdyt,bc<br />

fy afmnbc itcf[t,7<br />

xdty itudb’kbf ufydcfpqdhjs<br />

vfsb htfmwbbs8 htfmwbf<br />

b.j bc7 hjv fvthbrbc tkxb gbhflfl<br />

tcnevhf ,b’byf bdfybidbkc<br />

cf[kib8 tc afmnb<br />

erdt bvfc ybiyfdc7 hjv vfmcbvfkehfl<br />

byajhvbht,ekb<br />

lf vfmcbvfkehfl xfhsekb<br />

fhbfy fv ghjwtct,ib7 vfs .dtkfathb<br />

bwbfy ’fkbfy rfhufl7<br />

e,hfkjl7 .jdtksdbc vbesbst,ty7<br />

hjv [fk[bc yt,ff vsfdfhb8<br />

se [fk[bc yt,f bmyt,f7<br />

xfsdfkts7 hjv ,b’byf bdfybidbkb<br />

fvthbrbc v[hblfyfw ’fkbfy<br />

lbl v[fhlfzthfc<br />

vbbqt,c8 yf[tdfh vbkbjypt<br />

3DABMHJ,7 F[FKB MFKFMBC7 CF[TKFL<br />

KFPBRFC VITYT,KJ,FIB XFLT,EKBF<br />

BCTSB VPFHLB MDT.YT,BC<br />

BYNTHTCT,B7 HJUJHT,BW FHBFY<br />

XBYTSB LF BYLJTSB8 FVBNJV TC<br />

VBSB ITB’KT,F VFHSKFW<br />

HTFKJ,FL BMWTC=4<br />

ghtpbltyn j,fvfc ahfpfc7<br />

hjv cfmfhsdtkjib eylf vj[ltc<br />

[tkbceakt,bc ajhvfkehb<br />

uflfwtvf0<br />

2 fvthbrbc ghtpbltynb<br />

fcts ahfpfc7 hjujhw otcb7<br />

fh fv,j,c [jkvt8 tc b.j eiefkj<br />

vjojlt,f bvbcrty7 hjv bc<br />

fvfub7 hjvtkbw fv ( okbc ufyvfdkj,fib<br />

ufeobf fvthbrfv cfmfhsdtkjc7<br />

lfudbhudbyt,ekb<br />

eylf b.jc ltvjrhfnbekb fhxtdyt,bs8<br />

VTCB]B7 HJV 'F-<br />

KBFY LBLB VYBIDYTKJ,F<br />

FMDC FHXTDYT,C LF [FK[BC<br />

YT,FC7 UF;QTHLF ’FKBFY<br />

vtnvf vjmfkfmtv vjfothf [tkb<br />

bdfybidbkbcsdbc vjmfkfmtj-<br />

,bc fqlutybc vjs[jdyfc8 hjwf<br />

sdtyf[tdfhib fvltyb flfvbfyb<br />

fcts v[fhlfzthfc ew[flt,c<br />

gbhc7 fvthbrbc [tldbs7<br />

tc bvfc ybiyfdc7 hjv ,b’byf<br />

bdfybidbkb cthbjpekb abuehff8<br />

2 smdty it[dlbs vfc0<br />

2 lbf[7 xdty jh]th udmjylf<br />

it[dtlhf8<br />

2 lf itb’kt,f ub[bkjs<br />

vbc ueylib0<br />

2 cfvoe[fhjl7 xtvb lqtdfyltkb<br />

cnfnecblfy ufvjvlbyf-<br />

3LBLB BYDTCNBWBT,B VFMDC XFLT,EKB<br />

E’HFD MJYT,FIB7 CJAKBC<br />

VTEHYTJ,FIB7 VFUHFV TC .DTKFATHB<br />

UFXTHT,EKB VFMDC7 HFLUFY<br />

CFMFHSDTKJIB SFDBCEAFKB<br />

,BPYTCBC OFHVJT,F7 GHFMNBREKFL7<br />

ITE’KT,TKBF8 TC FH FHBC BC MDT.FYF7<br />

CFLFW ITB’KT,F7 SFDBCEAFKB<br />

,BPYTCB UFYDBSFHLTC=4<br />

ht7 dbyfblfy vt xfvjhsvtekb<br />

vfmdc cfmfhsdtkjc vjmfkfmtj,f7<br />

frh’fkekb vfmdc cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

gjkbnbrehb fmnbdj,bc<br />

ufvjxtyf8 fvfs ite’kbfs<br />

ufvjvfw[fljy gthcjyf<br />

yjy uhfnfl lf fvbrh’fkjy<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib xfvjcdkf7 fvbnjv<br />

dthfyfbh gjkbnbreh<br />

fmnbdj,fib dth ofhvjdbluty<br />

xtvc sfdc8 VJMFKFMTJ,BC<br />

XFVJHSVTDBC ITVLTU VT VBD-<br />

VFHST GHTPBLTYNC VBCB<br />

FQLUTYBC S[JDYBS7 HFPTW<br />

EFHB VBDBQT8<br />

2 hf lfcf,est,f /mjylf<br />

fvfc0<br />

2 gfce[b b.j vjrkt 2 fh<br />

dfrvf.jabkt,s smdtyc s[jdyfc8<br />

vfiby7 hjwf vjmfkfmtj,f<br />

xfvjvfhsdtc7 vbptpb b.j bc7<br />

hjv fh vfmdc eakt,f7 vmjyltc<br />

jhb mdt.ybc vjmfkfmtj-<br />

,f7 vfuhfv vfiby7 hjwf vt db-<br />

.fdb rjycekb lf db.fdb jhb<br />

mdt.ybc vjmfkfmt7 fhfdbc f[cjdlf<br />

tc afmnb0<br />

2 [ibhfl xfvjlb[fhs cfmfhsdtkjib0<br />

2 cfrvfjl [ibhfl8 LBLB<br />

BYDTCNBWBT,B VFMDC XFLT-<br />

,EKB E’HFD MJYT,FIB7<br />

CJAKBC VTEHYTJ,FIB7<br />

VFUHFV TC .DTKFATHB UF-<br />

XTHT,EKB VFMDC7 HFLUFY CF-<br />

MFHSDTKJIB SFDBCEAF-<br />

KB ,BPYTCBC OFHVJT,F7<br />

GHFMNBREKFL7 ITE"KT,T-<br />

KBF8 TC FH FHBC BC MDT.F-<br />

YF7 CFLFW ITB"KT,F7 SF-<br />

DBCEAFKB ,BPYTCB UFYDB-<br />

SFHLTC8 fvfc sfdbcb f[cyfw<br />

fmdc8 sfdbceafkb ,bpytcb<br />

[tkc eo.j,c cfiefkj atybc<br />

fhct,j,fc7 hfw xdtyc [tkbceakt,fc<br />

fh czbhlt,f7 hflufy<br />

cojhtl cfiefkj atyf<br />

fhbc fmnbehb v[fhlfvzthb<br />

ltvjrhfnbekb ghjwtct,bcf7<br />

cojhtl tc [fk[b fhbc lfvjerblt,tkb<br />

sfdbc uflfo.dtnbkt,t,ib8<br />

fvthbrbc vjcf[ktj,bc<br />

*_ ghjwtynb fhbc<br />

cfiefkj atyf7 hfptw lufc<br />

vstkb ltvjrhfnbekb cfo.bct,b8<br />

fvfs tc fh czbhlt,fs8<br />

MDT.FYFIB7 CFLFW FH FHCT-<br />

,J,C CFIEFKJ ATYF7 [FK-<br />

[BC VFHSDF EAHJ FLDB-<br />

KBF7 FVBNJVFW FHBC7 HJV<br />

,BPYTCB RTLTKSFY VBF.T-<br />

YTC8 ODHBK ,BPYTCCFW RB<br />

FRJYNHJKT,TY LF FNT-<br />

HJHT,TY8<br />

2 ew[jehb bydtcnbwbt-<br />

,bcsdbc hfvltyfl vbvpbldtkbf<br />

cfmfhsdtkj0 futh7<br />

f[fkb mfkfmbc fityt,fc utuvfdty<br />

ew[jehb bydtcnbwbt,bs8<br />

2 tc ’fkbfy vybidytkjdfyb<br />

cfrbs[bf7 egbhdtktcfl7<br />

eylf ufdbujs7 cfblfy vjlbc<br />

tc itrdtsf8 sfdlfgbhdtkfl7<br />

hjwf vt ufdbut f[fkb mfkfmbc<br />

vityt,kj,bc itcf[t,7 gbhdtkb<br />

htfmwbf vmjylf7 hjv tc<br />

fhbc f,cehlb7 vfuhfv7 se ufdbsdfkbcobyt,s7<br />

hjvtkb<br />

mdt.ybc bynthtcb itb’kt,f<br />

b.jc fvfib xflt,ekb7 tc mfkfmb<br />

vfhskfw itb’kt,f<br />

fityltc ths otkib8<br />

2 hjvtkb mdt.ybc0<br />

2 DABMHJ,7 F[FKB MF-<br />

KFMBC7 CF[TKFL KFPBRFC<br />

VITYT,KJ,FIB XFLT,EKBF<br />

BCTSB VPFHLB MDT.YT,BC<br />

BYNTHTCT,B7 HJUJHT,BW<br />

FHBFY XBYTSB LF BYLJT-<br />

SB8 FVBNJV TC VBSB ITB"-<br />

KT,F VFHSKFW HTFKJ-<br />

,FL BMWTC8<br />

2 tc dthcbf vtw vcvtybf<br />

lf serb smdtyw fvfc fv-<br />

,j,s7 itb’kt,f7 vfhskfw<br />

cfhoveyj b.jc8<br />

2 vjlbs7 lfdabmhlts8 ite’kt,tkbf<br />

fv mfkfmbc fityt-<br />

,f7 se vfcib fh bmyt,f xflt-<br />

,ekb vhfdfkvbkbfhlbfyb<br />

bydtcnbwbf lf se fh bmyt,f<br />

xfhtekb bc cftvbuhfwbj “fkt,b7<br />

hjvtkvfw eylf itfdcjc<br />

tc mfkfmb8 dbc fmdc fv[tkf<br />

bydtcnbwbf lf dby itb’kt,f<br />

b.jc lfbynthtct,ekb<br />

TMCRKEPBDB<br />

fv[tkf vbuhfwbbs0 HF BYNT-<br />

HTCB FMDS XBYTSCF LF BY-<br />

LJTSC IFDB PQDBC CFYF-<br />

GBHJT,PT0 TCTYB FHBFY<br />

MDT.YT,B7 HJVKT,VFW ,J-<br />

KJ FSOKTEKIB FHFYJH-<br />

VFKEHFL LBLB RFGBNFKB<br />

LFFUHJDTC LF VEIFJ,TY<br />

BV VBVFHSEKT,BS7 HJV<br />

CFPQDFJ MFKFMT,B ITDCT-<br />

,EK BMYTC VFSB TVBUHF-<br />

WBBS8 SE VFS VBTH BMYT-<br />

,F FSDBCT,EKB TC IFDBPQ-<br />

DBCGBHF MFKFMB7 HJVTKBW<br />

VFSSDBC BMYT,F AFY]FHF<br />

TDHJGFIB7 VTHOVEYTS7 FV<br />

MFKFMC VFHSKFW FFITYT-<br />

,TY YF[TDFH OTKBOFLIB LF<br />

VTJHT YF[TDFH OTKBOFL-<br />

IB RB YF[TDFH VBKBJY<br />

FLFVBFYPT VTNC UFLVJFCF[-<br />

KT,TY FM8 itb’kt,f7 mfhsdtkt,b<br />

wjnf [fyib eahj yfrkt,b<br />

db.js7 dblht cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

lfcf[kt,ekb tvbuhfwbf8<br />

dbwb7 hf lblb cehdbkbs<br />

uflvjcf[klt,jlf hfvltybvt<br />

fctekb fsfcb flfvbfyb<br />

xbytsblfy cfmfhsdtkjib7<br />

se xdty vbdwtvlbs fvbc cfiefkt,fc8<br />

fvbc cfiefkt,f<br />

lqtc vfs fmds lf f[kf erdt<br />

mfhsdtk [fk[ptf lfvjrblt-<br />

,ekb7 se hf cthbjpekj-<br />

,bs itd[tlfds fv ghj,ktvfc8<br />

FVTHBRBC VSTKB TRJYJ-<br />

VBRF UFLFDBLF XBYTSCF LF<br />

BYLJTSIB8 FVTHBRBC VST-<br />

KB RFGBNFKB OFQT,EKBF<br />

FV MDT.YT,IB8 TC MDT.YT,B<br />

DBSFHLT,BFY LF T’T,TY<br />

EVJRKTC UPT,C7 SE HJ-<br />

UJH UFFDHWTKJY SFDB-<br />

FYSB RFGBNFKB7 SFDBFY-<br />

SB OFHVJT,F LF VFSSDBC<br />

’FKBFY NR,BKB KERVF<br />

FHBC JH PQDFC IEF VJM-<br />

WTEKB MDT.FYF7 HJVKB-<br />

SFW BCBYB FCWLT,BFY BY-<br />

LJTSBC JRTFYBC YFDCFL-<br />

UEHT,C8 ndbhsb7 hjvtkbw<br />

sdtj,bs itfmds tdhjgfib7<br />

itb’kt,f itdbltc jh-cfv rdbhfib8<br />

tc bv[tkf trjyjvbrehb<br />

vjut,ff vfssdbc lf bv[tkf<br />

trjyjvbrehb bynthtcb ltdc<br />

fvfib7 hjv “fkbfy lblb cbahs[bkbs<br />

eylf vjdtrbljs<br />

vcufdc bydtcnbwbfc8 xdty “fkbfy<br />

vwbhthbw[jdfyb mdt.fyf<br />

dfhs=<br />

2 hfnjv itb’kt,f7 cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

[tkbceakt,f<br />

fvfc lfcsfy[vt,jlf0<br />

2 xdtyw udtmyt,f vtnb itvjcfdfkb7<br />

vtnb trjyjvbrehb<br />

vjut,f7 vfuhfv vbdbqt,s bvfc7<br />

hjv cfmfhsdtkjib mfhsdtkb<br />

[fk[bc yt,fpt erdt dtqfh dbcfe,ht,s7<br />

fhxtdyt,ib erdt<br />

vjbut,c fhf mfhsdtkb7 fhfvtl<br />

ew[j8 LQTC .JDTK LBL<br />

FVTHBREK MFKFMC /.FDC TH-<br />

SVBKBJYBFYB XBYTKB VJ-<br />

CF[KTJ,F8 FVTHBRF FVFC<br />

BNFYC7 VFUHFV OFHVJBLUB-<br />

YTS7 ! VBKBJYB XBYTKB<br />

CFMFHSDTKJIB8 FVTHBRF-<br />

IB ERDT LFBO.TC VFSB IT-<br />

VJLBYT,BC UFRJYNHJKT-<br />

,F8 FHBC 'FKBFY VRFWHB<br />

RJYNHJKB8 FCT EYLF<br />

B.JC CFMFHSDTKJIBW7 CF-<br />

LFW7 CFVOE[FHJL7 LFWDBC<br />

FHFYFBHB VTMFYBPVB FH<br />

UDFMDC8<br />

2 fhct,j,c rb lfwdbc vtmfybpvb0<br />

2 tc ukj,fkbpfwbbc ghjwtcbf<br />

lf sfdbc lfqotdf ite’kt,tkbf7<br />

vfuhfv fhct,j,c<br />

sfdlfwdbc vtmfybpvt,b8 thsthsb<br />

vsfdfhb fhbc bc7 hjv<br />

fhxtdyt,ib mfhsdtkb [fk[bc<br />

yt,f b.jc “fkbfy lfwekb8 fv<br />

vbvfhsekt,bs eylf ofhbvfhsjc<br />

cthbjpekb veifj-<br />

,f7 hjv cf[tkvobajc vjvfdfkb<br />

ufydbsfht,f tvjhxbkt,jltc<br />

mfhsdtkb [fk[bc yt,fc8<br />

lfwdbc vsfdfhb vtmfybpvb<br />

fhbc gfnhbjnb [tkbceakt-<br />

,f=<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

stf fcfsbfyb<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 5


6<br />

CF[FK[J RHT,BC CF[TKBS=<br />

dtcfe,ht,bs mfhsekb<br />

zflhfrbc ltljafkc7<br />

ofhvjvflutykj,bsb<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bc<br />

sfdv]ljvfhtc yjyf<br />

ufahbylfidbkc8<br />

2 mfk,fnjyj yjyf7 wjnf<br />

[ybc obyfs smdty uffrtsts<br />

ufyw[flt,f7 hjv cf[fk[j<br />

rht,f 3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4<br />

gfhfktkehfl bvjmvtlt,c<br />

lf [tkc fh iteikbc ,b’byf<br />

bdfybidbkc cffrfidbkbc ht-<br />

;bvbc obyffqvltu ,h’jkfib8<br />

w[flbf7 fv ufyw[flt,bc ufrtst,f<br />

bvbnjv uf[lf cfzbhj7<br />

hjv bdfybidbkbc rjfkbwbfib<br />

fhw cf[fk[j rht,bcfsdbc<br />

lf fhw ybyj ,eh]fyf’bcfsdbc<br />

flubkb fh fqvjxylf8<br />

hfc udtn.dbs fv .dtkfathsfy<br />

lfrfdibht,bs0<br />

2 lqtdfyltk ehsektc<br />

cbnefwbfib ,b’byf bdfybidbkb<br />

fhbc thsflthsb7 dbcfw fv<br />

ht;bvbc lfvfhw[t,bc ifycb<br />

fmdc=<br />

LBF[7 ,B’BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKBC<br />

GJKBNBRFIB<br />

UFVJXTYBS<br />

XFVRDLFHB<br />

CBNEFWBF<br />

UFVJWJW[KLF7<br />

HFLUFY ,B’BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKC<br />

SFDBCB<br />

UFYDKBKB<br />

VJQDFOTJ,BC<br />

UFVJ MFHSDTK<br />

[FK[IB FMDC<br />

EPFHVFPFHB<br />

YLJ,F LF<br />

HTBNBYUB=<br />

vjlbs7 db.js j,btmneht-<br />

,b lf dsmdfs7 hjv fv cffhxtdyj<br />

ufhtvjc gbhj,t,ib7 fv cfibytkb<br />

rfyjyvlt,kj,bc gbhj,t,ib7<br />

hjwf cfpjufljt,fib<br />

ibibf ufvtat,ekb7 dbyw fh<br />

eylf b,h’jkjc cffrfidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,bc obyffqvltu7<br />

fhfdbc fhfathb ufvjedf8 thsflthsb7<br />

dbcfw fv ht;bvpt ufvfh]dt,bc<br />

ifycb fmdc7 fhbc ,b-<br />

’byf bdfybidbkb=<br />

cf[fk[j rht,fv sfdblfydt<br />

lfflfcnehf rtsbkufyo.j,f<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkbc vbvfhs lf<br />

lqtcfw dflfcneht,s fvfc=<br />

2 smdty gbhflflfw it[dlbs<br />

bdfybidbkc888<br />

2 lbf[7 hjwf gjkbnbrfib<br />

vjcdkbc itcf[t, ufyfw[flf7<br />

hfvltybvt lqtib itd[dlb7 vfuhfv<br />

tc b.j ufwyj,bsb [fcbfsbc<br />

it[dtlhf lf xdty cfmvbfyb<br />

cfe,fhb fh udmjybf7 sevwf7<br />

lfvidblj,t,bcfc ,fnjy<br />

,b’byfc des[fhb7 hjv .jdtksdbc<br />

dblut,b vbc udthlbs=<br />

2 bdfybidbksfy it[dtlhbc<br />

bybwbfnbdf smdty utresdyjlfs<br />

se sdbsjy vfy<br />

ufvjsmdf cehdbkb7 hjv itu-<br />

[dtlhjlfs0<br />

2 xdtyb it[dtlhbc bybwbfnbdf<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkbc v[hblfy<br />

ofvjdblf8 vt vfc des[fhb7<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

3CF[FK[J RHT,F VPFL FHBC<br />

,B'BYF BDFYBIDBKSFY LF<br />

3MFHSEK JWYT,FCSFY4<br />

YT,BCVBTHB AJHVBS<br />

RJJHLBYFWBBCFSDBC= LBF[7<br />

XDTY .DTKFYFBHFL VPFL<br />

DFHS7 ITDTIDTKJS ,B'BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKC CFFRFIDBKBC<br />

HT;BVBC LFVFHW[T,FIB=<br />

hf smvf eylf7 gfhnbbc otdhb<br />

dth ufd[lt,b7 vfuhfv yt,bcvbth<br />

lhjc vbuekts smdtyc<br />

udthlbs-vtsmb= lqtcfw fv gjpbwbfpt<br />

dhxt,b7 hflufy7 rbltd<br />

dbvtjht,7 ,b’byf bdfybidbkbc<br />

ufhlf dth d[tlfd c[df 'fkfc7<br />

hjvtkcfw fv ht;bvsfy ,h’j-<br />

YJYF UFAHBYLFIDBKB5<br />

VJWDF7 HJVTKBW CFFRFI-<br />

DBKC /.FDC=<br />

fmdt dfw[flt,7 hjv cf[fk[j<br />

rht,f vpfl fhbc ,b’byf bdfybidbksfy<br />

lf 3mfhsek jwyt,fcsfy4<br />

yt,bcvbthb ajhvbs<br />

rjjhlbyfwbbcfsdbc= lbf[7<br />

xdty .dtkfyfbhfl vpfl<br />

dfhs7 itdtidtkjs ,b’byf bdf-<br />

THSFLTHSB7 DBCFW FV<br />

HT;BVPT UFVFH]DT,BC<br />

IFYCB FMDC7 FHBC<br />

,B'BYF BDFYBIDBKB=<br />

kf ite’kbf8<br />

XTVB THSFLTHSB CEHDB-<br />

KB BC FHBC7 HJV ,B’BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKVF LF 3MFH-<br />

SEKVF JWYT,FV4 ,JKJV-<br />

LT LF QBHCTEKFL B,H’J-<br />

KJC CFFRFIDBKBC HT;B-<br />

VBC OBYFFQVLTU8 FV HT;BV-<br />

SFY ,H’JKF LF VFCPT UF-<br />

VFH]DT,F V[JKJL CFFRFI-<br />

DBKBC OFCDKFC FH YBI-<br />

YFDC8 CFFRFIDBKSFY TH-<br />

SFL EYLF OFDBLTC VSTKB<br />

VVFHSDTKB UEYLB7 VSTKB<br />

BC LFYFIFEKT,HBDB UFHT-<br />

ybidbkc cffrfidbkbc ht;bvbc<br />

lfvfhw[t,fib=<br />

2 lf vfbyw7 mfk,fnjyj<br />

yjyf7 hjujh abmhj,s7 hfnjv<br />

frtst,c ,b’byf bdfybidbkb<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bcufy<br />

lbcnfywbht,fc0<br />

2 dabmhj,7 hjv tc lbcnfywbht,f<br />

bv gfhnbekb kbltht,bc<br />

ufvj [lt,f7 hjvkt,bw<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bc otdht,b fhbfy8<br />

2 ybyj ,eh]fyf’tc uekbc[vj,s0<br />

2 mfk,fnjyb ybyjc ufhlf<br />

3HJWF ,B’BYF BDFYBIDBKC<br />

ITD[DLB7 VFY XTVPT 'FKBFY<br />

'KBTHB GBHJDYT,BC<br />

ISF,TZLBKT,F LFNJDF LF<br />

LFHOVEYT,EKB DFH7<br />

RJFKBWBBC IBUYBS SDBSJY<br />

VFHSFDC GHJWTCT,C LF<br />

CF,JKJJ }FVIB7 VSFDFH<br />

CBN.DFC COJHTL<br />

,FNJYB ,B’BYF BN.DBC=4<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bc fqvfchekt-<br />

,tkb cf,zjc otdhbf stveh<br />

ifibfidbkbw7 sevwf7 lfhn.vf<br />

vjlbc fhf ,fnjy stvehpt7<br />

fhfvtl mfk,fnjy ybyjpt8<br />

vbylf7 .dtkfc ufcfujyfl<br />

dsmdf5 YBYJ ,EH]FYF’T7<br />

HJUJHW GJKBNBRJCB<br />

LF HJUJHW GBHJDYT,F7<br />

'FKBFY 'KBTHB ABUEHFF8<br />

VTW VMJYLF VFCSFY ITRBS[-<br />

DT,B7 HJVKT,BW LFDECDB<br />

LF .DTKF RBS[DFPT VBDB-<br />

QT GFCE[B= LBF[7 VT LQTC<br />

MFK,FNJY YBYJC CHEKB-<br />

FL C[DF SDFKBS DE.EHT,<br />

LF F,CJKENEHFL DTYLJ-<br />

,B VFC8 BUB LQTC UEKOH-<br />

ATKFL LUFC BV GJPBWBF-<br />

PT7 HFCFW CFFRFIDBKBC HT-<br />

;BVBC OBYFFQVLTU ,H’JKF<br />

/MDBF LF FV GJPBWBFC FHF-<br />

DBSFH ITVS[DTDFIB FH<br />

EQFKFNT,C8<br />

ybyj ,eh]fyf’t dth lffibytc<br />

dthw vbcb vteqkbc7 dthw<br />

vbcb idbkt,bc vbvfhs ufy-<br />

[jhwbtkt,ekb nthjhbsf<br />

lf htghtcbt,bs= lbf[7 mfk-<br />

,fnjyb ybyj dth ufnt[tc lf<br />

dthw ufnt[ty=<br />

ybyj ,eh]fyf’tv smdtyc ufptssfy<br />

bynthdbeib ufyfw[flf7<br />

hjv vpfl fhbc7 udthlpt<br />

uflfljc gfhnbekb bynthtct,b7<br />

jqjyl vj[ltc rjjhlbyfwbf<br />

lf ht;bvbc lfvfhw[t-<br />

,f8 gjkbnbrjcvf fvfpt vtnb<br />

hf eylf smdfc lf vtnb hf rjvghjvbcpt<br />

eylf ofdbltc0=<br />

XDTY<br />

FHFYFBHFL FH<br />

UDBYLF7<br />

GHJWTCT,C<br />

[TKB<br />

ITDEIFKJS=<br />

XDTY<br />

FHFYFBHFL FH<br />

UDBYLF7<br />

UFLFDLUFS<br />

BCTSB YF,B}B7<br />

HJVTKBW<br />

,FNJY ,B’BYFC<br />

[TKC ITEIKBC<br />

HT;BVBC<br />

LFVFHW[T,FIB=<br />

2 u]thfs se fhf7 hjv bv<br />

cffhxtdyj ufhtvjc gbhj,t,ib7<br />

hfw lqtc cfmfhsdtkjibf7<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvbc<br />

lfvfhw[t,f itcf’kt,tkbf0<br />

2 'fkbfy vttzdt,f7 hjv fv<br />

[tkbceakt,fv ltvjrhfnbekb<br />

fhxtdyt,b xffnfhjc= fvfs<br />

uf.fk,t,bc bctsb vtsjlt,b<br />

fmds itveifdt,ekb7 ufjwlt-<br />

,bs8 sfyfw7 ujujhbidbkbcf<br />

lf vfzfdfhbfybc cf[bs fhxtdyt,bc<br />

uf.fk,t,bc lbljcnfnt,b<br />

/.fds=<br />

sevwf7 cfpjufljt,fib fv<br />

[tkbceakt,bc vbvfhs bv[tkf<br />

ervf.jabkt,f lf ghjntcnbc<br />

uh’yj,ff7 fh itb’kt-<br />

,f7 fvfy fh fvj[tsmjc8 ,fnjyvf<br />

,b’byfv ufyfw[flf7 fhxtdyt,bc<br />

uf.fk,t,bc itvs[dtdfib<br />

[fk[c mexfib ufvjdb.dfys lf<br />

[vt,c lfdbwfdsj7 vfuhfv xdty<br />

vbudfxybf7 hjv [fk[bc ufvj.dfyf<br />

fhxtdyt,fvltf cfzbhj8<br />

@_!@ okbc @@ st,thdfkc7 hjltcfw nfvfybc vt-% wfkrtek udfhlbek vjnjvchjktk ,hbuflfib d8 d8 genbyb hectsbc atlthfwbbc itbfhfqt,ek 'fksf ityfthst,bc<br />

vtsfeht,c [dlt,jlf7 cfv[hts jctsib ufykfut,ekb vt-$ udfhlbekb cfv[tlhj ,fpbc vtsfehvf7 utythfk-vfbjhvf f8 d8 ieierbyvf vfc fctsb rbs[df lfecdf5<br />

3dhwtklt,f byajhvfwbf7 hjv dfibyunjyib cfvbnpt cfmfhsdtkjc ltktufwbfcf lf fvthbrbc v[fhtc ijhbc vbqt,ekbf uflfo.dtnbkt,f cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbfpt<br />

bfhfqbc vfcj,hbdb vbojlt,bc itcf[t,8 udbylf7 smdtyb itafct,f vjdbcvbyjs7 hjujh fqbmdfvs fvfc fudbcnjc vjdktyt,bc ufsdfkbcobyt,bs04 +b[8<br />

dbltjxfyfothb www.saqinform.ge-c vsfdfh udthlpt`<br />

cfyfv rbs[dfpt egfce[t,lf7 d8 d8 genbyvf v[bfhekb cbn.dt,b ofhvjsmdf7 hjvkt,vfw7 vbe[tlfdfl fvbcf7 jabwbfkehb s,bkbcb yfvldbk ijrib xffulj5 3bm vfublbc<br />

mdti fh dv]lfhdfh7 fh dbwb7 hfpt itsfy[vlyty7 sevwf7 dbvtljdyt,7 xdtybfyt,blfy b.j dbyvt lf vjudb.dt,f88848<br />

cfbynthtcjf7 vfi7 DBY B]LF VFUBLBC MDTI lf dbc uekbc[vj,lf hectsbc vjvfdfkb ghtpbltynb 3xdtybfyt,ib40 fm hfvltybvt dfhbfynbf8 dkflbvth dkflbvthtc 'tc7<br />

itcf’kt,tkbf7 v[tldtkj,fib /.fdlf5<br />

2 hectsbc cfufhtj lfpdthdbc cfvcf[ehbc +CDH‘ vpdthfdt,b7 hjvkt,bw 3wttheib4 fhbfy xfythubkb fy/lf fv;fvfl stshb cf[kbc jabwbfkehb sfyfvihjvkt,b fhbfy7 sfyfw 2 ,fhfr<br />

j,fvfc ef[kjtcb ufhtvjwdblfy9<br />

2 hecekb cgtwcfvcf[eht,bc vbth uflf,bht,ekb vfqfkxbyjcyt,b fii-bc ghtpbltynbc flvbybcnhfwbblfy fy cf[tkvobaj ltgfhnfvtynblfy9<br />

2 mfhsekb ltktufwbbc otdht,b ghtpbltyn vb[tbk cffrfidbkbc vtsfehj,bs7 hjvkt,bw erdt lblb [fybf7 ,t]bsfl fodlbfy ptcfblevkj byajhvfwbfc rhtvkc8<br />

3cfmbyajhvb4 sfdbc dthcbfc vrbs[dtkc vjudbfyt,bs uffwyj,c7 sevwf7 cfmfhsdtkjib erdt ,tdhb xehxekt,c 2 fmfjlf7 genbyvf sfdfl 8888888888 fy vbcb ,b’f buekbc[vfj=<br />

FHYJ<br />

[BLBH,TUBIDBKB<br />

3cfmbyajhvbc4 vsfdfhb<br />

htlfmnjhb


lbf[7 cbcntvfnehfl eylf<br />

nfhlt,jltc c[dflfc[df cf[bc<br />

vidblj,bfyb cfghjntcnj fmwbt,b7<br />

eylf dfghjntcnt,lts<br />

fv [tkbceakt,bc .dtkf erfyjyj<br />

yf,b]c lf uflfo.dtnbkt,fc8<br />

tc ve[nc fcotdc lf fhxtdyt,bc<br />

lqtcfw [fk[b eahj<br />

vj,bkbpt,ekb lf itvfhsekb<br />

bmyt,f8<br />

fhxtdyt,fvlt hfvltybvt<br />

sdtf lfhxtybkb lf vstkb fv<br />

[ybc ufyvfdkj,fib [tkbceakt,fc<br />

velvbdfl eylf tcvjltc<br />

xdtyb ghjntcnbc [vf= lbf[7 tc<br />

[tkbceakt,f .jdtklqbehfl<br />

eylf uh’yj,ltc7 hjv xdty<br />

db,h’dbs lf fhxtdyt,bc uf.fk-<br />

,t,fcfw fh itdfhxtys=<br />

se tc ht;bvb lfhxf7 tc bmyt,f<br />

chekb rfnfcnhjaf xdtyb<br />

mdt.ybcfsdbc= se tc ht;bvb<br />

lfhxf7 vfkt cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

cf[tkcfw lfudfdbo.t,ty lf tc<br />

fhfdbsfh itvs[dtdfib fh eylf<br />

lfdeidfs=<br />

2 bct7 mfk,fnjyj yjyf7 bv<br />

cfibytkb lfhn.vbc itvltu7<br />

hfw @^ vfbcc cf[fk[j rht-<br />

,fv [tkbceakt,bcfufy vbbqj7<br />

ituhxfs rb hfbvt htcehcb<br />

rdkfd ht;bvbc obyffqvltu<br />

cf,h’jkdtkfl0<br />

2 @^ vfbcbc itvltu cf[fk-<br />

[j rht,fv 'fkbfy cthbjpekb<br />

'fkt,b itbyfhxeyf lf7 hfw<br />

vsfdfhbf7 tc 'fkt,b ufthsbfyt,ekyb<br />

fhbfy bltbc ufhitvj8<br />

fb7 fvfib dfhs xdty 'kbtht,b8<br />

2 hjvtk 'fkt,c uekbc-<br />

[vj,s0<br />

2 vt duekbc[vj, cf[fk[j<br />

rht,bc cnhemneht,c lf7 gbhdtk<br />

hbuib7 xdtyc htubjyek<br />

jhufybpfwbt,c8 lbf[7 cf[fk-<br />

[j rht,fv cfmfhsdtkjc .dtkf<br />

htubjyib itbyfhxeyf cfresfhb<br />

cnhemneht,b7 hjvkt,bw<br />

.jdtk oesfc vpfl fhbfy<br />

,h’jkbc lfcfo.t,fl7 e,hfkjl7<br />

xdty udtkjlt,bfy7 hfc<br />

dtn.dbs lf ,h’jkbc hjujh<br />

vtsjlt,c itdsfdfpt,s8<br />

GBHLFGBH DFW[FLT,7 DTHW<br />

FKFCFYBF LF DTHW HTCGE,-<br />

KBRTKT,B DTH LFBRDT[YB-<br />

FY7 HJV HFBJYT,IB /.FDS<br />

BCTSB CNHEMNEHT,B7 HJ-<br />

UJHBW /.FDC CF[FK[J RHT-<br />

,FC=<br />

lbf[7<br />

BC FLFVBFYT,B7<br />

HJVKT,VFW<br />

@^ VFBCC<br />

[TKBCEAKT,BC<br />

CFIBYTK<br />

LFHN.VFC LF<br />

ITVLUJV<br />

HTGHTCBT,C<br />

UFE’KTC7 LQTC<br />

,H’JKBCFSDBC<br />

RDKFD VPFL<br />

FHBFY LF<br />

FHFDBSFH<br />

ITVS[DTDFIB<br />

ERFY FH<br />

LFB[TDTY=<br />

c[dfsfijhbc7 @^ vfbcc hjv<br />

CJCJ }FZDKBFYB<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bc otdhb7<br />

vcf[bj,b<br />

3YBYJ ,EH}FYF’T7 HJUJHW GJKBNBRJCB<br />

LF HJUJHW GBHJDYT,F7 'FKBFY 'KBTHB<br />

ABUEHFF8 VTW VMJYLF VFCSFY<br />

ITRBS[DT,B7 HJVKT,BW LFDECDB LF<br />

.DTKF RBS[DFPT VBDBQT GFCE[B= LBF[7 VT<br />

LQTC MFK,FNJY YBYJC CHEKBFL C[DF<br />

SDFKBS DE.EHT, LF F,CJKENEHFL<br />

DTYLJ,B VFC8 BUB LQTC<br />

UEKOHATKFL LUFC BV GJPBWBFPT7 HFCFW<br />

CFFRFIDBKBC HT;BVBC OBYFFQVLTU<br />

,H’JKF /MDBF LF FV GJPBWBFC<br />

FHFDBSFH ITVS[DTDFIB FH EQFKFNT,C=4<br />

[fk[b fh lfdifkts lf cf[kib<br />

fh ufdeidbs7 fvfc ybyj<br />

,eh]fyf’tc f,hfkt,ty7 cf[fk-<br />

[j rht,bc fqvfchekt,tkb<br />

cf,zjc otdht,c rb fhfdby f[ctyt,c8<br />

fhflf7 .dtkfathb<br />

c[dfyfbhfl b.j8<br />

2 hjujh c[dfyfbhfl0<br />

2 cf[fk[j rht,bc fqvfche-<br />

kt,tkb cf,zjc otdht,b eahj<br />

hflbrfkeht,b db.fdbs7<br />

dblht ybyj ,eh]fyf’t8 lbf[7<br />

mfk,fnjyb ybyj fv,j,lf7 se<br />

fh vjdf cfrvfhbcb hfjltyj-<br />

,bc [fk[b7 vjcek flfvbfyt,c<br />

vflkj,f uflfde[fljs7 ,jlbib<br />

vjde[fljs lf cf[kib<br />

ufdeidfsj8 dbqfwfv bcbw<br />

3@^ VFBCC HJV [FK[B FH LFDIFKTS LF CF[KIB<br />

FH UFDEIDBS7 FVFC YBYJ ,EH}FYF'TC<br />

F,HFKT,TY7 FHFLF7 .DTKFATHB C[DFYFBHFL<br />

B.J8 VT DB.FDB .DTKFPT RFNTUJHBEKB LF<br />

HFLBRFKEHB8 .DTKFC DES[FHB7 SE XDTY [FK[C<br />

CF[KIB UFDEIDT,S7 VT VBDLBDFH CF[FK[J<br />

RHT,BLFY-VTSMB= FCT HJV7 SE DBYVT @^ VFBCBC<br />

UFVJ CF[FK[J RHT,FC LF YBYJ ,EH}FYF'TC<br />

FRBCHT,C GFCE[BCVUT,KJ,FC7 VT FV<br />

GFCE[BCVUT,KJ,FC XTVC SFDPT DBQT,=4<br />

3TC [TKBCEAKT,F<br />

FHXTDYT,C<br />

UFF.FK,T,C LF<br />

FVFC [FK[B FH<br />

VJBSVTYC= LBF[7<br />

MFHSDTKB [FK[B<br />

BATSMT,C LF<br />

SFDBC CBN.DFC<br />

BN.DBC= UFVUT,B<br />

UFBUT,C7 HFCFW<br />

DUEKBC[VJ,=4<br />

@^ vfbcbc qfvtc dbyw hecsfdtkpt<br />

bluf7 .dtkf vpflff7 ,jkjvlt<br />

b,h’jkjc8 f[kf vt dfabmcbht,<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bc fphc5 xdty<br />

udbylf ,h’jkf7 xdty udbylf sfyflujvf7<br />

xdty fh udbylf fhw cbt-<br />

,b7 fhw [tkafct,b888<br />

se bdfybidbkb fv,j,c7 ,jrthbfcf<br />

lf vthf,bidbkcfw lfdtkfgfhfrt,bj7<br />

vfiby 'fkbfy<br />

rfhuc idht,f7 hjv xdty fh udtkfgfhfrt,f8 cffrfidbkbw frtst,c<br />

fv .dtkfathc7 'vfj7 vfiby hfqfc dthxbs7 hfpt dbikbs<br />

ythdt,c0<br />

3FKBF4<br />

BHFRKB<br />

,FSBFIDBKB<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bc otdhb<br />

gjkbnbrfib<br />

fhct,j,c vfcj,hbdb<br />

fmwbt,bc<br />

wyt,f7 hjvtkbw<br />

velvbdfl<br />

bfhct,t,c @!-t7<br />

@#-t cfereytibw7<br />

tdhjgfibw<br />

lf fpbfibw8 vfcj,hbdb<br />

fmwbt-<br />

,b gjkbnbre-<br />

hb ,h’jkbc ths-thsb vsfdfhb vtsjlbf7 vbs<br />

eahj7 fdnjhbnfhekb ht;bvbc gbhj,t,ib7<br />

fvbnjv gjkbnbrjcb7 dbyw efhc fv,j,c vfcj,hbd<br />

fmwbt,pt7 bc efhc fv,j,c sfdfl gjkbnbrfptw8<br />

3CFTHSJ UFPTSB4<br />

se bdfybidbkbc<br />

vfubdhfl<br />

uflfo.dtnbkt-<br />

,t,c sbyf [blfitkb<br />

bqt,c7 tc<br />

erdt ,b’byf bdfybidbkbcghj,ktvff8<br />

vt fh vbylf<br />

dsmdf7 hjv<br />

bdfybidbkb c[dbc<br />

zrefpt lflbc8<br />

bdfybidbkc ite’kbf7 qbfl ufyfw[fljc7<br />

hjv fh eylf lf fh v[dlt,f7 vfuhfv ye lfudf,hfkt,ty<br />

bvfc7 hfw fh fhbc vfhsfkb8<br />

YBYJ ,EH}FYF’T<br />

3ltvjrhfnbekb vj’hfj,f 2<br />

thsbfyb cfmfhsdtkjc4<br />

kblthb<br />

CF[FK[J RHT,BC CF[TKBS=<br />

3GHFBVNFBVB4<br />

smdf7 @^ vfbcc ybyj ,eh]fyf-<br />

’tv lblb itwljvf lfeidf7 vfc<br />

eylf cwjlyjlf7 hf [tkbceakt,fcsfy<br />

/mjylf cfmvt lf<br />

hfc vjbvjmvtlt,lyty bcbybj=<br />

2 tc pehf, ;dfybfc 'vfv<br />

lf ,b’byf bdfybidbkbc gfhnbbc<br />

otdhvf ujukf ;dfybfv<br />

ufyfw[flf 3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkbc4<br />

obyf yjvthib ufvjmdt.yt,ek<br />

bynthdbeib888<br />

2 ujukf ;dfybfc vt dbwyj,<br />

,flhb gfnfhrfwbidbkbc<br />

inf,blfy lf vfy fctsb hfqfw<br />

fh eylf lfothjc7 tc fhbc<br />

xdtyb itehfw[.jaf=<br />

VT DB.FDB .DTKFPT RF-<br />

NTUJHBEKB LF HFLBRF-<br />

KEHB8 LBF[7 HJWF @% VF-<br />

BCC NTKTDBPBBLFY GFHKF-<br />

VTYNBCRTY LFDB’FHBS7 .DT-<br />

KFC DES[FHB7 SE XDTY<br />

[FK[C CF[KIB UFDEIDT,S7<br />

VFIBY VT VBDLBDFH CF[FK-<br />

[J RHT,BLFY-VTSMB= FCT<br />

HJV7 SE DBYVT @^ VFBCBC<br />

UFVJ CF[FK[J RHT,FC LF<br />

YBYJ ,EH]FYF’TC FRBC-<br />

HT,C GFCE[BCVUT,KJ,FC7<br />

VT FV GFCE[BCVUT,KJ,FC<br />

XTVC SFDPT DBQT,=<br />

2 bc gjkbnbrehb 'fkt-<br />

,b7 hjvkt,vfw @^ vfbcc vjv-<br />

[lfh cfibytkt,fib [tkbceakt,bc<br />

yfwdkfl cf[fk-<br />

[j rht,f lf ,eh]fyf’t lfflfyfifektc7<br />

lqtc ,b’byf<br />

bdfybidbkbc rjfkbwbfib<br />

fhbfy888<br />

2 lbf[7 fhbfy7 vfuhfv fh<br />

vbylf7 vfs itdt[j888 HJWF ,B-<br />

’BYF BDFYBIDBKC ITD[DLB7<br />

VFY XTVPT 'FKBFY 'KBTHB<br />

GBHJDYT,BC ISF,TZLBKT-<br />

,F LFNJDF LF LFHOVEYT-<br />

,EKB DFH7 RJFKBWBBC<br />

IBUYBS SDBSJY VFHSFDC<br />

GHJWTCT,C LF CF,JKJJ<br />

]FVIB7 VSFDFH CBN.DFC<br />

COJHTL ,FNJYB ,B’BYF<br />

BN.DBC8<br />

2 lf,jkjc7 mfk,fnjyj<br />

yjyf7 uekbc cbqhvtib vfbyw<br />

hjujh abmhj,s7 cffrfidbkbcf<br />

lf 3yfwbjyfkehb<br />

vj’hfj,bc4 [tkbceakt,blfy<br />

ufidt,f hf upbs lf<br />

hf ajhvbs vj[lt,f0<br />

2 tc vj[lt,f mfhsdtkb<br />

[fk[bc 'fkbc[vtdbs=<br />

TC<br />

[TKBCEAKT,F<br />

FHXTDYT,C<br />

UFF.FK,T,C LF<br />

FVFC [FK[B FH<br />

VJBSVTYC=<br />

LBF[7<br />

MFHSDTKB<br />

[FK[B<br />

FEWBKT,KFL<br />

BATSMT,C LF<br />

SFDBC CBN.DFC<br />

BN.DBC=<br />

UFVUT,B<br />

UFBUT,C7 HFCFW<br />

DUEKBC[VJ,=<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

DFKTHB<br />

RDFHFW[TKBF<br />

3ytbnhfkehb cfmfhsdtkjc4<br />

kblthb<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

]f,f [e,ef<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkvf udthlbs<br />

lfb.tyf bc flfvbfyt,b7<br />

hjvkt,bw uffuh’tkt,ty cffrfidbkbc<br />

fqt,ek7 fye lfcfdkeh<br />

rehcc8<br />

3GHFBVNFBVB4<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 7


8<br />

[TKC DFLT,=<br />

CFYLHJ ,HTUF'T5<br />

3V[TLHBJYBC4 VBTH ITMVYBKB<br />

GENXBCNEHB CNELTYNEHB VJ'HFJ,BC<br />

KBLTHB B.J UJRF UF,FIDBKB LF FV<br />

VJ'HFJ,FIB ITLBJLYTY UBUF<br />

,JRTHBF7 UBF ,FHFVB'T7 STLJ BCFRF'T7<br />

VFVERF RFWBNF'T7 ABMHBF XB[HF'T7<br />

LFSJ NEHFIDBKB=<br />

3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkbc4 obyf<br />

yjvthib ufvjdfmdt.yt othbkb<br />

cfsfehbs 2 3UFRE-T,BC<br />

ITCF[T,4 2 hjvtkibw vfvfidbk<br />

rjnt lf ujrf<br />

uf,fidbkt,bc 3cfuvbhj<br />

cfmvtt,pt4 b.j kfgfhfrb lf7<br />

vfs ijhbc7 bvfptw7 hjv bcbyb<br />

bfhfqbs [tkib t,h’jlyty<br />

pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc rfyjybth<br />

[tkbceakt,fc8<br />

xdtyc ufptsib ufvjmdt.yt,ek<br />

[ctyt,ek othbkc ufpts<br />

3dthcbbc4 cfiefkt,bs<br />

ufvjt[vfehf ujrf7 bubdt ufre<br />

uf,fidbkb lf ufyfw[flf7 fhw<br />

vt lf fhw vfvfxtvc<br />

ufvcf[ehlbfc [tkbceakt,bc<br />

obyffqvltu bfhfqb fhfcjltc<br />

udzthbf [tkib lf tc<br />

.dtkfathb ecbylbcj<br />

n.ebkbfj9 fhflf7 pdbfl<br />

ufvcf[ehlbfc sfyfvt,h’jkb7<br />

3vhudfkb vfublbc4<br />

f[fkufphlekb vj’hfj,bc<br />

bv;fvbyltkb kblthb lf<br />

eakt,flfwdbsb<br />

cfthsfijhbcj jhufybpfwbf<br />

3rfdrfcbbc /tkcbyrbc ]ueabc4<br />

ths-thsb lfvae'yt,tkb<br />

cfylhj ,htuf't<br />

eiekj sdbsv[bkdtkb lf<br />

vjvcohtf bvbcf7 hjv ujrf<br />

uf,fidbkb7 bctdt hjujhw<br />

vfvfvbcb rjnt lf lqtdfyltk<br />

[tkbceakt,fib<br />

vjrfkfst,ekb c[df wyj,bkb<br />

abueht,b cojhtlfw hjv<br />

bfhfqbs [tkib t,h’jlyty<br />

pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc rfyjybth<br />

[tkbceakt,fc5<br />

3TC GENXBCNB CNELTYNT,B BLUYTY EYBDTHCBNTNBC GBHDTKB LF<br />

VTJHT RJHGECT,BC ITCFCDKTKT,SFY LF V[TLHBJYTKT,CF LF<br />

RBNJDFYBC UDFHLBTKT,C VBESBST,LYTY7 SE HJVTKB<br />

CNELTYNB B.J PDBFL UFVCF[EHLBFC VJV[HT8<br />

FV CNELTYNT,C BZTHLYTY7 }TH FLUBKPT CWTVLYTY7 ITVLTU RB<br />

VB/.FDLFS GJKBWBBC VSFDFH CFVVFHSDTKJIB7<br />

CFLFW [LT,JLF VFSB UFEUJYFHB OFVT,F=4<br />

2 lqtc bctsb flfvbfyt,b<br />

b’f[bfy7 pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc<br />

rfyjybthb [tkbceakt,bc<br />

obyffqvltu fh udb,h’jkbfj7<br />

[fylf[fy dabmhj,7 bc rhbvbyfkt,bc<br />

[hjdf7 hjvtkbw cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

gbhdtk ghtpbltyncf<br />

lf ltvjrhfnbekfl fhxtek<br />

[tkbceakt,fc t,h’jlf7<br />

dbhnefkehb abueht,bcfufy<br />

[jv fh itlut,jlf-vtsmb0<br />

vt db.fdb 3vhudkb vfublf 2<br />

sfdbceafkb cfmfhsdtkjc4<br />

f[fkufphlekb vj’hfj,bc<br />

kblthb lf velvbdb it[t,f<br />

vmjylf genxbcn cneltynt,sfy7<br />

hjvkt,bw 3v[tlhbjycf4<br />

lf itvlujvib [eynfc ezthlyty<br />

v[fhc8<br />

2 itub’kbfs7 lffcf[tkjs<br />

tc flfvbfyt,b0<br />

2 3v[tlhbjybc4 vbth itmvybkb<br />

genxbcnehb cneltynehb<br />

vj’hfj,bc kblthb b.j<br />

UJRF UF,FIDBKB lf fv vj’hfj,fib<br />

itlbjlyty UBUF<br />

,JRTHBF7 UBF ,FHFVB-<br />

’T7 STLJ BCFRF’T7<br />

VFVERF RFWBNF’T7<br />

ABMHBF XB[HF’T7<br />

LFSJ NEHFI-<br />

DBKB8<br />

fv cneltynehvf<br />

vj’hfj-<br />

,fv vjqdfotj,f<br />

lfbo.j ]F,F<br />

BJCTKBFYBC wb-<br />

[blfy ufvjidt,bc<br />

vjs[jdybs8 tc flfvbfyt,bufvjlbjlyty<br />

vbnbyut,pt lf<br />

b’f[jlyty 2 3pdbfl<br />

ufvcf[ehlbf7 it lbmnfnjhj7<br />

it xfeitcre7<br />

ufvjeidb wb[blfy ]f-<br />

,f bjctkbfyb<br />

lf xdty xfudcdb<br />

vbc<br />

vfubdhfl48<br />

hfw<br />

itt[t,f<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

bvfc7 tzbhfs se fhf bfhfqb<br />

fv genxbcn cneltynt,c7 lbf[7<br />

tzbhfs= bcbyb .jdtksdbc<br />

lflbjlyty itbfhfqt,ek<br />

v[tlhbjytkt,sfy lf rbnjdfybc<br />

udfhlbtkt,sfy thsfl lf<br />

sfdflfw lf/mjylfs bfhfqb=<br />

2 smdty ubyf[fds cfresfhb<br />

sdfkbs7 hjv ujrf uf,fidbkb7<br />

ubuf ,jrthbf lf c[dt-<br />

,b bfhfqbs lflbjlyty0<br />

2 hf smvf eylf7 cfresfhb<br />

sdfkbs vbyf[fdc lf ths bcnjhbfcfw<br />

ufdb[ctyt,8 vfiby7<br />

hjwf erblehtcfl lfb’f,f cbnefwbf7<br />

tc b.j !))! okbc !)<br />

fy @_ ltrtv,thc7 ,fnjyvf pdbflvf<br />

vt ufvfupfdyf fv genxbcn<br />

cneltynt,sfy vjcfkfgfhfrt,kfl8<br />

XDTYB IT[DTLHF IT-<br />

LUF GBHDTKB CRJKBC ,FQ-<br />

IB7 BKBF ZFDZFDF’BCF LF<br />

FRFRB OTHTSKBC 'TUKBC<br />

ERFY8 IT[DTLHFPT VJDBLYTY<br />

UJRF UF,FIDBKB LF VFVE-<br />

RF RFWBNF’T7 HJVKT,CFW<br />

MFVFHIB UFHZJ,BKB /MJY-<br />

LFS GBCNJKTNT,B LF SFY<br />

F[KLYTY FDNJVFNT,BS IT-<br />

BFHFQT,EKB V[TLHBJYT-<br />

KT,B LF RBNJDFYBC UDFH-<br />

LBTKT,B8<br />

cthbjpekb rfvfsb vjudbdblf<br />

thsvfytsib lf .dtkfathb<br />

uflfbpfhlf [tkxfhsek<br />

x[e,ib8 ujrf uf,fidbkvf lf<br />

vfverf rfwbnf’tv pdbfl ufvcf-<br />

[ehlbfc ltlf itfubytc7 hfptw<br />

fltrdfnehb gfce[b ufdtwb<br />

lf cojhtl fv it[kf-itvj[kbc<br />

lhjc ufvjfxbytc vfs<br />

bfhfqt,b8 cfcofekt,hbdfl<br />

uflfdehxb n.dtl f.dfyfc lf<br />

s,bkbcbc pqdfpt of.dfyfc8<br />

2 ujrf uf,fidbkbc vfvfc<br />

rjnt uf,fidbkc se tzbhf<br />

bfhfqb genxbc lhjc0<br />

2 lbf[7 vfc bfhfqb tzbhf<br />

lf fmnbeh vjyfobktj,fc<br />

bqt,lf rfyjybthb [tkbceakt,bc<br />

lfv[j,fib8<br />

CFRESFHB<br />

SDFKBS VFMDC<br />

YFYF[B7 HJUJH<br />

VBE’QJLF RJNT<br />

UF,FIDBKB<br />

FSTEKJ,BS<br />

ITBFHFQT,EK<br />

FLFVBFYC<br />

VSFDHJ,BC<br />

CF[KBCRTY=<br />

VTHOVEYTS7 ITDFHLYF’T-<br />

BJCTKBFYB-CBUEF-RBNJDF-<br />

YBC RHBVBYFKEHB ,FYLT,B<br />

PDBFL UFVCF[EHLBFC DTHF-<br />

ATHC LFFRKT,LYTY7 HJV<br />

FHF T8 O8 CNELTYNEHB VJ’-<br />

HFJ,BC GHJNTCNB8 lbf[7 fv<br />

rhbvbyfkeh ,fylt,c cojhtl<br />

eybdthcbntnb lf cneltynehb<br />

vj’hfj,f czbhlt,jlfs7<br />

hfsf mfhsdtkb lf cfthsfijhbcj<br />

cfpjufljt,bcfsdbc lftyf[dt,byfs7<br />

hjv pdbfl ufvcf-<br />

[ehlbfc rhbvbyfkb cbuef lf<br />

rhbvbyfkb rbnjdfyb rb fh t,h’jlyty7<br />

fhfvtl pdbfl ufvcf-<br />

[ehlbfc obyffqvltu ufvjlbjlyty<br />

cneltynj,f lf byntkbutywbf8<br />

vtncfw utn.dbs7 rbnjdfyb<br />

fv cneltynehb vj’hfj,bcufy<br />

bqt,lf lfdfkt,t,c=<br />

2 hjujh7 rbnjdfyb cneltynt,bc<br />

zrefpt lflbjlf0<br />

2 lbf[7 fct b.j= rbnjdfyb<br />

fhbc thse]htlbfyb lf fvt,fc<br />

,tdhfl vtnb fphjdyt,bc eyfhb<br />

fmdc7 dblht rbnjdfyc8 fmtlfy<br />

ufvjvlbyfht7 RBNJDFYC<br />

UFHTLFY HECTSB VFHSFDLF7<br />

FLUBKPT RB VFHSFDLYTY


TUHTS OJLT,EKB OBSTKB<br />

BYNTKBUTYWBBCF LF GEN-<br />

XBCNEHB CNELTYNEHB VJ’-<br />

HFJ,BC OFHVJVFLUTYKT,B8<br />

genxbcneh cneltyneh<br />

vj’hfj,fib b.j fctdt thsb 'fkbfy<br />

cfpbpqfhb flfvbfyb 2<br />

UBJHUB VFBCEHF'T7 hjvtkbw<br />

itvlujvib itdfhlyf’tv<br />

sfdbc vhxtdkflfw lfybiyf8<br />

f[kf tc vfbcehf’t7 hjujhw<br />

dbwb7 uthvfybfib w[jdhj,c<br />

lf t8 o8 ctmcefkehb evwbhtcj,bc<br />

ofhvjvflutytkbf8<br />

fv vfbcehf’bc ef[kjtcb vtuj,ht,b<br />

b.dyty UJRF UF,F-<br />

IDBKB7 UBUF ,JRTHBF7 UBF<br />

,FHFVB’T lf lfyfhxtyt,b7<br />

hjvkt,bw ptvjs xfvjdsdfkt=<br />

2 uf,fidbkb7 ,jrthbf7 ,fhfvb’t<br />

lf c[dt,b7 dbyw xfvjsdfkts7<br />

rfyjybthb [tkbceakt,bc<br />

vjv[htsf cfghjntcnj<br />

fmwbt,bc lfh,tdfib<br />

vjyfobktj,lyty se fhf0<br />

2 fvfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs<br />

rbltd ths afmnc ufdb[ctyt,8<br />

!))@ okbc !_ bfydfhc7 hjwf<br />

ghtpbltynb pdbfl ufvcf-<br />

[ehlbf s,bkbcblfy erdt ofcekb<br />

b.j7 eybdthcbntnbc<br />

,fqib 3vhudfkb vfublbc4 sfjcyj,bs<br />

eylf ufvfhsekb.j<br />

[eynbc obyffqvltu vbvfhsekb<br />

vbnbyub8 vfiby xtvpt genxbcnt,bc<br />

vbth 't,yf b.j ufvjw[flt,ekb<br />

lf vbvfkdfib<br />

dbv.jat,jlb7 vfuhfv fv vbnbyupt<br />

vbcdkf vfbyw uflfdo.dbnt8<br />

eybdthcbntnbcrty<br />

hjv vbdlbjlb7 dfhfpbc[tdsfy<br />

lfv[dlf jhb flfvbfyb7 hjvkt,bw<br />

vfiby xdtyb sfyfvt,h-<br />

’jkt,b b.dyty 2 3gbhdtkb<br />

fh[bc4 lqtdfyltkb [tkv’qdfytkb<br />

UBF ZFYNEHBF lf cfgfhkfvtynj<br />

evhfdktcj,bc<br />

lqtdfyltkb otdhb TRF [TH-<br />

[TEKB"T8<br />

ZFYNEHBFV lf [TH[TEKB-<br />

"TV vbs[htc 2 vbnbyubc xfnfht,f<br />

ite’kt,tkbf7 hflufy<br />

eybdthcbntnbc ,fqib bv.jat,bfy<br />

v[tlhbjytkt,b lf rbnjdfybc<br />

udfhlbtkt,b7 hjvkt,cfw<br />

vj.dfybkb /.fds UJ-<br />

RF UF,FIDBKB7 UBUF ,J-<br />

RTHBF7 UBF ,FHFVB"T7 VFVE-<br />

RF RFWBNF"T lf genxbcnehb<br />

cneltynehb vj’hfj,bc<br />

c[df otdht,b7 hjvkt,bw fvjwyj,fc<br />

fnfht,tyj8<br />

2 hfc ybiyfdc 3fvjwyj,fc<br />

fnfht,tyj40<br />

2 TC GENXBCNB CNELTY-<br />

NT,B BLUYTY EYBDTHCBNT-<br />

NBC GBHDTKB LF VTJHT<br />

RJHGECT,BC ITCFCDKTK-<br />

T,SFY LF V[TLHBJYTKT,-<br />

CF LF RBNJDFYBC UDFHLB-<br />

TKLT,C VBESBST,LYTY7 SE<br />

HJVTKB CNELTYNB B.J<br />

PDBFL UFVCF[EHLBFC [TKB-<br />

CEAKT,BC VJV[HT8 FV CNE-<br />

LTYNT,C BZTHLYTY7 ]TH FL-<br />

UBKPT CWTVLYTY7 ITVLTU RB<br />

VB/.FDLFS LBQJVIB7 GJ-<br />

KBWBBC VSFDFH CFVVFHS-<br />

DTKJIB7 CFLFW [LT,JLF<br />

VFSB UFEUJYFHB OFVT,F8<br />

C[DFSFIJHBC7<br />

RJNT<br />

UF,FIDBKBC<br />

S,BKBCBC<br />

VTHJ,BC LHJC<br />

B[DHBNT,JLF<br />

RFYJYBTHB<br />

[TKBCEAKT,BC<br />

VJV[HTSF<br />

VIDBLJ,BFYB<br />

VFYBATCNFWBT,B=<br />

hfvltyfw xtvsdbc wyj,bkbf7<br />

vsfdhj,bc cf[kbc vbvfhsekt,bs<br />

wtw[kbc uf[cyfc<br />

lf genxbc lfo.t,fc cojhtl<br />

tc genxbcnehb cneltynehb<br />

lf]ueat,f ezthlf<br />

v[fhc=<br />

fqcfybiyfdbf bcbw7 hjv itvlujvib<br />

tc genxbcnb cneltynt,b<br />

[eynbc vbth rfhufl<br />

lfcfxemhlyty=<br />

ths bcnjhbfcfw ufdb[ctyt,5<br />

hjwf 3rbyjc cf[kbc4 oby<br />

tlg-bc jhufybpt,bs ufy[jh-<br />

wbtklf ghjdjrfwbf7 hjvtkcfw<br />

dbsjv vbnbyubc lfh,tdf<br />

lffhmdtc7 vtjht lqtc mesfbcblfy<br />

xfvjdtlb s,bkbcib<br />

lf vbdtlb eybdthcbntnbc<br />

,fqib7 cflfw tc genxbcnb<br />

cneltynt,b vfhsfdlyty pdbfl<br />

ufvcf[ehlbfc cfobyffqvltuj<br />

cfghjntcnj fmwbfc8<br />

hjltcfw bm vbdtlb7 xtvsfy<br />

vjdblyty UJRF UF,FIDBKB7<br />

ABMHBF XB[HF’T7 STLJ BCF-<br />

RF’T7 UBF ,FHFVB’T lf gbhlfgbh<br />

vbs[htc7 pdbfl ufvcf-<br />

[ehlbfc ef[kjtc sdtt,ib itbfhfqt,ekb<br />

upbs lffv[j,ty7<br />

lffyuhtdty vsfdhj,bc cf[kc<br />

lf vbc flubkfc trktcbf eylf<br />

fityltc7 [jkj ityb lujvf pdbfl<br />

ufvcf[ehlbfc udthlbs ufyobhekb<br />

mvtlt,ffj8 gbhlfgbh<br />

itvjvsfdfptc7 hjv ufdv[lfhb-<br />

.fdb pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc cfobyffqvltuj<br />

cneltynehb<br />

vj’hfj,bc kblthb lf vtmyt-<br />

,jlf .dtkfyfbhb ghbdbktubf7<br />

hjujhw vfnthbfkehb7 fctdt<br />

gjkbnbrehb=<br />

hf smvf eylf7 fvfpt rfntujhbekb<br />

efhb des[fhb=<br />

2 ptvjs smdbs7 tc genxbcnb<br />

cneltynt,b [eynbc<br />

vbth rfhufl lfcfxemhlytyj8<br />

hbsb lfcfxemhlyty0<br />

2 fb7 vfufkbsfl7 pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc<br />

lfv[j,bc itvltu VF-<br />

VERF RFWBNF’T uf[lf ntmybrehb<br />

eybdthcbntnbc ghjhtmnjhb8<br />

UJRF UF,FIDBKB cf-<br />

[tkvobaj [fh]t,bs ufeidtc<br />

uthvfybfib7 cffh,hbertybc<br />

eybdthcbntnib cfcofdkt,kfl8<br />

STLJ BCFRF’T lfybiytc<br />

hfzf-ktx[evbc lf mdtvj<br />

cdfytsbc ue,thyfnjhfl7 itvltu<br />

rb cfmfhsdtkjc vsfdhj-<br />

,bc dbwt-ghtvbthfl8 UBF ,F-<br />

HFVB’T gfhkfvtynbc ltgenfnb<br />

uf[lf8 UBUF ,JRTHBF eyuhtsib7<br />

cjhjcbc crjkfib<br />

ufeidtc cfcofdkt,kfl=<br />

vjrktl7 .dtkfv7 dbyw cneltynj,bc<br />

lhjc pdbfl ufvcf-<br />

[TKC DFLT,=<br />

3HFW ITT[T,F BVFC7 TZBHFS SE FHF<br />

BFHFQB FV GENXBCN CNELTYNT,C7 LBF[7<br />

TZBHFS= BCBYB .JDTKSDBC LFLBJLYTY<br />

ITBFHFQT,EK V[TLHBJYTKT,SFY<br />

LF RBNJDFYBC UDFHLBTKT,SFY THSFL<br />

LF SFDFLFW LF/MJYLFS BFHFQB=4<br />

[ehlbfc rfyjybthb [tkbceakt,bc<br />

lfv[j,fib odkbkb<br />

itbnfyf7 itdfhlyf’bc [tkbceakt,bcfufy<br />

lblb ghbdbktubt,b<br />

vbbqj=<br />

2 smdty lffcf[tkts jhb<br />

flfvbfyb 2 trf [th[tekb’t<br />

lf ubf zfynehbf7 hjvkt,bw<br />

vfiby pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc<br />

rfyjybth [tkbceakt,fc<br />

ezthlyty v[fhc7 sevwf7<br />

bcbyb lqtc cojhtl smdtyc<br />

vbth xfvjsdkbk genxbcnt,sfy<br />

thsfl lufyfy cffrfidbkbc<br />

ht;bvbc cfvcf[ehib8<br />

fvfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs hfc<br />

bn.dbs0<br />

2 itvb’kbf7 thsb hfv dsmdf5<br />

vfs eqfkfntc pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc<br />

lf vthf, rjcnfdfc<br />

upfc lf lfluyty cffrfidbkbcf<br />

lf cjhjcbc upfpt7 hfw cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

lfqegdbcf lf ufyflueht,bc<br />

upff=<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

]f,f [e,ef<br />

3FB7 VFUFKBSFL7 PDBFL UFVCF[EHLBFC<br />

LFV[J,BC ITVLTU VFVERF RFWBNF’T<br />

UF[LF NTMYBREHB EYBDTHCBNTNBC<br />

GHJHTMNJHB8 UJRF UF,FIDBKB<br />

CF[TKVOBAJ [FH}T,BS UFEIDTC<br />

UTHVFYBFIB7 CFFH,HBERTYBC<br />

EYBDTHCBNTNIB CFCOFDKT,KFL8 STLJ<br />

BCFRF’T LFYBIYTC HFZF-KTX[EVBC LF<br />

MDTVJ CDFYTSBC UE,THYFNJHFL7 ITVLTU<br />

RB CFMFHSDTKJC VSFDHJ,BC DBWT-<br />

GHTVBTHFL8 UBF ,FHFVB’T<br />

GFHKFVTYNBC LTGENFNB UF[LF8<br />

UBUF ,JRTHBF EYUHTSIB7 CJHJCBC<br />

CRJKFIB UFEIDTC CFCOFDKT,KFL=4<br />

3CFRESFHB<br />

SDFKBS<br />

VFMDC YFYF[B7<br />

HJUJH<br />

VBE’QJLF<br />

RJNT<br />

UF,FIDBKB<br />

FSTEKJ,BS<br />

ITBFHFQT,EK<br />

FLFVBFYC<br />

VSFDHJ,BC<br />

CF[KBCRTY=4<br />

V[BKT,F<br />

CF[TKJDFYVF<br />

MFHSDTKVF<br />

TMBVVF AHBLJY<br />

SJLEFV<br />

CFFRFIDBKBC<br />

HT;BVB FV[BKF=<br />

ufvjxtybkvf lf cf[tkjdfyvf mfhsdtkvf tmbvvf7<br />

3yfwbjyfkehb vj’hfj,bc4 cfgfhkfvtynj<br />

evhfdktcj,bc otdhvf lf gfhkfvtynbc dbwt-cgbrthvf<br />

AHBLJY AHBLJY AHBLJY AHBLJY AHBLJY SJLEFV SJLEFV SJLEFV SJLEFV SJLEFV sfdbcb thsb ufyw[flt,bs<br />

sfdlf.bhf lff.tyf cffrfidbkbc [tkbceakt,bcf lf<br />

vbcb ]b,bc ntktdbpbt,bc vstkb bc gbfhb lf<br />

ghjgfufylf7 hjvtkbw cfmfhsdtkjc ufydbsfht,ek7<br />

f.dfdt,ek7 fityt,ek lf lfvidtyt,ek mdt.yfl<br />

ufvjw[flt,bcfrty fhbc vbvfhsekb8<br />

lbf[7 bc ntktcf[tkvobaj7 bc dbhnefkehb mdt.fyf7 bc gjnbjvrbybc<br />

cjatkb7 hjvkbc 3fhyf[ek ofhvfnt,t,cf4 lf 3obycdkbc<br />

ecohfatc ntvgt,pt4 ufesfdt,kfl udtkfgfhfrt,bfy cffrfidbkb<br />

lf vbcb kfmbt,b7 ,fnjyvf ahbljy sjlefv cek thsb<br />

obyflflt,bs fv[bkf8<br />

ufcek rdbhfc ufptsvf 3htpjyfycvf4 lf itvlujvib 3fcfdfklfcfdfkvf4<br />

he,hbrf 3rdbhudbyjcyt,ib4 ufvjfmdt.yf ahbljy sjlefc<br />

itvltub cbn.dt,b5<br />

32 hjwf fv,j,ty7 futh cffdflv.jaj lfb[ehf7 rfhub<br />

tmbvt,b ufhts lfhxytyj7 .dtkf rfhub tmbvb vjdbltc xtvc<br />

rkbybrfib lf [dfkdt cfvcf[ehib fdb.dfys8 hjwf cfpqdfhufhts<br />

dfv,j,7 hjv xtvsfy7 cfmfhsdtkjib7 ^$_-ihbfyb<br />

njvjuhfabbc fgfhfnehf udfmdc7 erdbhs 2 FV LFYU-<br />

HTEK MDT.FYFIB +[fpufcvf xdtybf 2 3f-l4` fctsb vfqfkb<br />

ntmyjkjubbc fgfhfnehf hjujh fhbcj48<br />

’dbhafcj vrbs[dtkj7 vbe[tlfdfl bvbcf7 hjv ,fnjyb ahbljy<br />

sjlef 3yfwvj’hfj,bc4 cfgfhkfvtynj evhfdktcj,bc otdhbf7<br />

bub qbhctekb rfwbf7 yfstkb ujyt,bc flfvbfybf7 hjvtkbw<br />

afhbctdkj,bcfufy ijhc lufc lf bcbw vidtybdhfl bwbc7<br />

hf mdt.fyfib w[jdhj,c7 hfc ofhvjflutyc lqtc htfkehfl mfhsekb<br />

cf[tkvobaj7 hjvtkbw cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf cfueklfuekjl<br />

ufvjibuyf lf ufvjafnhf8<br />

LBF[7 ’DBHAFCJ VTUJ,HT,J7 AHBLJY SJLEF FHW VB-<br />

[TBK CFFRFIDBKBF7 FHW UFRE UF,FIDBKB7 FHW FRERB<br />

VBYFIDBKB LF FHW ,JWJ OBRKFEHB7 HJVKT,BW UFVJ-<br />

LBFY LF CFMFHSDTKJC VJCF[KTJ,FC EHW[DFL LF ENBA-<br />

HFL EVNRBWT,TY7 HJV BCBYB OFHVFNT,EK7 F.DFDT,EK7<br />

UFYDBSFHT,EK7 FITYT,EK MDT.FYFIB W[JDHJ,TY8<br />

ahbljy sjlefv7 hjujhw cfqfl vjfphjdyt lf rtsbkcbylbcbthvf<br />

flfvbfyvf7 uekohatkfl smdf bc7 hfcfw [tlfdc7 hfcfw<br />

uh’yj,c lf hfcfw lqtdfyltkb cfmfhsdtkj cbyfvldbktib<br />

ofhvjflutyc8<br />

lbf[7 ,fnjyvf ahbljy sjlefv rfhufl bwbc7 hjv lfyuhtekbf<br />

bc mdt.fyf7 hjvkbc vjcf[ktj,bc js[vjw ghjwtynpt vtnc<br />

fhf fmdc bvbc cfiefkt,f7 seylfw vbc rkbybrfib xfbnfhjc fewbkt,tkb<br />

lf uflfelt,tkb vrehyfkj,f8<br />

lbf[7 ,fnjyvf ahbljy sjlefv rfhufl bwbc7 hjv lfyuhtekbf<br />

bc mdt.fyf7 hjvkbc vjcf[ktj,bc yf[tdfhpt vtnbw cbqfhb,bc<br />

pdfhc lf,kf w[jdhj,c lf eofvkj,bsf lf ibvibkbs<br />

cbrdlbkb tvemht,f8<br />

lbf[7 ,fnjyvf ahbljy sjlefv rfhufl bwbc7 hjv lfyuhtekbf<br />

bc mdt.fyf7 cfblfyfw jh vbkbjypt vtnb flfvbfyb cfpqdfhufhts<br />

fhbc uflf[dtobkb rehnybc veifl lf vjcfvcf[ehtl7<br />

hfsf j]f[ib gehbc aekb itbnfyjc8<br />

lbf[7 ,fnjyvf ahbljy sjlefv rfhufl bwbc7 hjv lfyuhtekbf<br />

bc mdt.fyf7 cflfw fh fhct,j,c sfdbceafkb cfcfvfhskj7<br />

sfdbceafkb ,bpytcb7 ghjntcnbc sfdbceakfl ufvj[fndbc cfiefkt,f<br />

lf .dtkfathb 2 ufyfskt,bc cbcntvbs lfo.t,ekb<br />

lf gjkbwbbs lfvsfdht,ekb7 thsb gjkbnbrehb lfyfifekt,hbdb<br />

rkfybc bynthtct,c fhbc lfmdtvlt,fht,ekb8<br />

fvbnjvfw fv[bkf ,fnjyvf ahbljy sjlefv cffrfidbkbc ht-<br />

;bvb lf fvbnjvfw ufvjbnfyf cffirfhfjpt ew[jtkt,bc it[tlekt,f7<br />

hjv cfmfhsdtkj lfyuhtekb mdt.fyff=<br />

lbf[7 t8o8 3dfhlt,bc htdjkewbfc4 lf [tkbceakt,fib vjcek<br />

cffrfidbkbc yfw,fylfc cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc yuhtdbcf lf e,tleht,bc<br />

vtnb fhfathb vjenfybf=<br />

]f,f [e,ef<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 9


10<br />

HTGHTCBT,B UH'TKLT,F<br />

!))! okblfy lqtvlt<br />

mfhsdtk cgjhncvtyt,c<br />

jkbvgbehb xtvgbjybc %<br />

lf vcjakbj xtvgbjybc<br />

#_ vtlfkb fmds<br />

vjgjdt,ekb8 fv #%<br />

vtlkblfy !* vtlfkb<br />

cfv,bcnt,bc fyufhbiptf<br />

lf cfv,jc yfrht,bc fo<br />

erdt .jabkb vsfdfhb<br />

vodhsytkbc lf<br />

atlthfwbbc .jabkb<br />

dbwt-ghtpbltynbc<br />

jktu bf'bc<br />

lfvcf[eht,f uf[kfds8<br />

jktu bf’t vbc<br />

obyffqvltu<br />

ufy[jhwbtkt,ek<br />

htghtcbt,pt cfe,hj,c<br />

lf bv rjyrhtnekb<br />

afmnt,bc itcf[t,<br />

udb.dt,f7 se hjujh<br />

[lt,f cgjhncvtyt,bc<br />

ufvj.tyt,f<br />

[tkbceakt,bc<br />

gjkbnbrehb vbpyt,bc<br />

fqcfchekt,kfl8<br />

2 ,fnjyj jktu7 ifhify<br />

smdty thslhjekfl lfnjdts<br />

cfv,jc yfrht,bc vsfdfhb<br />

vodhsytkbcf lf atlthfwbbc<br />

dbwt-ghtpbltynbc sfyfvlt,j,f8<br />

hf uf[lf smdtyb<br />

ufsfdbceakt,bc vbptpb0<br />

2 cfv,jlfy xtvb vjrdtsbc<br />

vbptpb uf[kfds itvltub5 vjcrjdib<br />

.jdtkokbehfl bvfhst,f<br />

okbc .dtkfpt ghtcnb-<br />

;ekb qjybc’bt,f 2 xtvgbjyfnb<br />

cfv,jib hectsbc ghtpbltynbc<br />

sfcpt7 cflfw vcjakbjc<br />

( cfertstcj ueylc bodtdty8<br />

@_!_ otkc fv xtvgbjyfnpt<br />

fh ufudbidtc8 @_!! otkc<br />

rb ueylvf uflfo.dbnf7 vfbyw<br />

ofdcekb.fdbs xtvgbjyfnpt8<br />

vjdbujs hectsbc ghtpbltynbc<br />

sfcb lf ufdf[fhjs<br />

xdtyb mdt.fyfj7 vbs[htc ,bzt,vf<br />

lf vtw lfdtsfy[vt8 cfv,jc atlthfwbf<br />

fhbc lfvjerblt,tkb<br />

jhufybpfwbf lf chekb eakt,f<br />

vmjylf7 fhfdbcsdbc itvtsfy[vt,byf<br />

hectsib cfjvhfl<br />

ofcdkf8 vj[lf bct7 hjv<br />

,tkjhecbfcsfy abyfkib uflfcfcdktkb<br />

it[dtlhf ofdfuts8<br />

ueylbc kbltht,b ytcnjh<br />

[thubfyb lf eifyub repfyfidbkb<br />

vtnjmtt,sfy itvs[dtdbs<br />

lfvfhw[lyty lf ufdtlbs<br />

vtcfvt flubkpt7 hfw<br />

cekfw fh fhbc welb itltub8<br />

hectsblfy lf,heyt,bc<br />

itvltu lfvb,fhf cgjhnbc vbybcnhvf<br />

KFLJ DFH"TKFI-<br />

DBKVF8 qfvbc !! cffspt lfvbhtrtc7<br />

cfcohfajl eylf vj[dbltj8<br />

fh lfdfcf[tkt, bv gbht,c7<br />

dbyw kflj dfh’tkfidbkbc<br />

rf,bytnib lfv[dlf lf fhw<br />

bvfc dbn.db7 hf lfvbo.j vfy vfublfpt8<br />

eyljlf ghjdjrfwbbc<br />

vjo.j,f7 hfcfw fh ofvjdtut8<br />

hjwf rf,bytnib itdtlb lf<br />

vbd[dlb7 hfcfw vbo.j,lyty7 ufdjwlb7<br />

fct hjujh ufvbvtntcvtsmb8<br />

@__# okblfy vt fh ufvbrtst,bf<br />

gjkbnbrehb ufyw[flt,t,b7<br />

fh d.jabkdfh gjkbnbrehb<br />

abuehf7 fh vbvbqbf<br />

vjyfobktj,f fhfyfbh cfghjntcnj<br />

fmwbt,ib7 sevwf7<br />

.dtkfv bwjlf xtvb ufyo.j,f 2<br />

se hfvt rfhuc frtst,lf tc [tkbceakt,f7<br />

vjvojylf7 hfw<br />

fh vjvojylf7 bvfcfw [vfvfqkf<br />

dfv,j,lb8<br />

VT V.FDLF UEYLB7 HJVT-<br />

KBW FH B.J GJKBNBPT-<br />

,EKB8 XTVB UEYLB B.J TH-<br />

SFLTHSB7 HJVKBC OTDHT-<br />

,BW FH B.DYTY UFTHSBFYT-<br />

,EKB PJYLTH,HBUFLT,IB8<br />

FB7 TC FH VFGFNBTC7 SJHTV<br />

HECTSIB OFCDKF B.J V[J-<br />

KJL CF,F,B8 HFNJV FH EY-<br />

LF OFDCEKB.FDB VJCRJD-<br />

IB FCTS VYBIDYTKJDFY QJ-<br />

YBC’BT,FPT7 VBSEVTNTC7<br />

HJV FVBC DFKLT,EKT,F<br />

VMJYLF VCJAKBJ ATLTHF-<br />

JKTU BF'T5<br />

XTVB UEYLB B.J THSFLTHSB7<br />

HJVKBC OTDHT,BW FH<br />

B.DYTY UFTHSBFYT,EKB<br />

PJYLTH,HBUFLT,IB8<br />

FB7 TC FH VFGFNBTC=<br />

WBFCSFY8<br />

vbybcnhb7 hjvtkbw xtvb<br />

idbkbc njkbf7 vtsfd[tlf lf<br />

vtephltkf7 “dtkb ,bzbdbs<br />

vtkfgfhfrf8 atlthfwbblfy xtvb<br />

ufidt,f f,cjkenehfl rfyjylfhqdtdbs<br />

vj[lf8 ]th thsb7<br />

xtvb ufsfdbceakt,f eahjcb<br />

vodhsytkbc sfyfvlt-<br />

,j,blfy itt’kj v[jkjl<br />

KTDFY STLBFIDBKC7 hjvtkbw<br />

b.j atlthfwbbc ghtpbltynb8<br />

ktdfy stlbfidbksfy<br />

xfdblf STVEH UBJHUF’T +atlthfwbbc<br />

f[kfyltkb ghtpbltynb`<br />

lf vjfn.ef7 jktu bf’t<br />

vj[cytcj8 bvfy rf[ehfl itbrehs[f7<br />

hf[fy jktub vj[cytc7<br />

smdtyb cfv,jw7 smdtyb ltlfwj<br />

lf lfothf ufyw[flt,f atlthfwbblfy<br />

ofcdkbc itcf[t,8<br />

rfyjybc sfyf[vfl7 fvbc itvltu<br />

eakt,fvjcbkt,f uflvjlbjlf<br />

xtvpt8 vt db.fdb dbwtghtpbltynb7<br />

fvbnjv vt eylf<br />

xfvtnfht,byf .hbkj,f7 vfuhfv<br />

bct xevfl xffnfhtc .hbkj,f<br />

lf fhxtdyt,b7 hjv xtvsdbc fhfathb<br />

erbs[fds8 VT FH<br />

DSDKB SFDC UFSFDBCEA-<br />

KT,EKFL8 GBHJ,FC DLT,7<br />

KFLJ DFH’TKFIDBKB SF-<br />

YFVLT,J,FC LFNJDT,C LF<br />

VT VBDE,HEYLT,B CFV,JC8<br />

cfv,jc yfrht,bc vodhsytkj,blfy<br />

lf atlthfwbblfy<br />

xtvc ufsfdbceakt,fc fh lfc-<br />

]thlyty lf lfbo.tc xtvb ltdyf8<br />

Xdtyb yfrht,b dfh]bij,c<br />

’beljc .jabk lfh,fpib dfrtib8<br />

tc lfh,fpb vbult,ekb<br />

b.j8 hjwf lfdbs yfvufkfehb<br />

lfbybiyf cgjhnbc ltgfhnfvtynbc<br />

sfdv]ljvfhtl7 vbs[hf7<br />

fv lfh,fpc uf’ktds smdty7<br />

uffhtvjynts lf vjb[vfhtsj8<br />

lfh,fpb ufdfhtvjynt,byt cfv-<br />

,jc vcjakbj atlthfwbfc8 fv-<br />

;fvfl tc fhbc .dtkfpt sfyfvtlhjdt<br />

lfh,fpb cfw[jdht,t-<br />

3IDBKBCNJKF ,BZB KFLJ<br />

DFH’TKFIDBKB VTEPHLTKF8<br />

IT HECTSBC FUTYNJJ7<br />

VBS[HF8 VT DFH HECTSBC<br />

FUTYNB0 !)() OKBC !_ FGHBKC<br />

% SDBC IDBKB HECBC NFYRC<br />

OBY LFDECDB LF }FHBCRFWT,C<br />

DFUBYT8 VPFL DB.FDB7 IDBKBW<br />

RB UFVTOBHF8 % OKBC<br />

UFYVFDKJ,FIB VCJAKBJ<br />

XTVGBJYFNT,PT HECTSBC<br />

/BVYBC VJCVTYBCFC AT[PT FH<br />

DLUT,JLB8 VT EYLF LFVOFVJC<br />

HECTSBC FUTYNJ,F<br />

DFH’TKFIDBKVF7 HJVTKBW<br />

FUDBCNJC JVBC LHJC<br />

UJHBLFY BCT FJHSMKLF7<br />

DTHCFL GJEKJ,LYTY04<br />

3CGJHNBC ATLTHFWBT,IB<br />

[TKV’QDFYTK SFYFVLT,J,T,PT<br />

YBIYFDTY YFWBJYFKT,C7 HFSF<br />

3LFDTH,JDRT,EKB4 /.FDLTS<br />

ATLTHFWBT,B7 .DBSTKB<br />

FDNJ,ECT,BS FNFHJY CGJHNCVTYT,B7<br />

BVBNJV7 HJV XTVGBJYT,B<br />

PJYLTH,BUFLT,IB UFFTHSBFYJY LF<br />

[FK[B FWTVBYJY=4<br />

kb jsf[t,bs7 rdt,bc ,kjrbs7<br />

cfi[fgtt,bs8 fv lfh,fpib<br />

vbyljlf dfrt-cf,ehsfkjc<br />

hfbjybc ,fdidt,bc f.dfyf7<br />

vfuhfv xtvc ufrtst,ek lf<br />

ufhtvjynt,ek lfh,fpib fh<br />

itvbidtc8 VT DFH CGJHNCVT-<br />

YB7 XTVB W[JDHT,F LFRFD-<br />

IBHT,EKBF CFV,JCSFY7<br />

!_ OKBLFY TC CFMVT FH VB-<br />

VBNJDT,BF7 .DTKF UPF XF-<br />

VBRTNTC7 B’EKT,EKB UFV-<br />

[FLTC7 HJV OFDCEKB.FDB<br />

GJKBNBRFIB8<br />

cfv,j ,b’byf bdfybidbkvf<br />

uflfudbhxbyf7 hf eakt,f<br />

vmjylf7 vbc udthlib fh lfdvlufhb.fdb0<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc bdfybidbkbc<br />

ljybc vtwtyfnb<br />

fhfcjltc /.jkbf8 .dtkf dfklt,ekt,b<br />

dfhs7 vbc udthlbs<br />

lfdluts8 bdfybidbkbc udthlbsff<br />

,tdhb qbhctekb cgjhncvtyb8<br />

RF[B RFKF"T fhbc<br />

lfvjerblt,tkb cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

yjvth gbhdtkb at[,ehstkb8<br />

kflj dfh’tkfidbkc hf eakt,f<br />

fmdc7 vfcpt hfbvt smdfc0<br />

bdfybidbkbc gfhnbbc ghtptynfwbfpt<br />

]ueabc otdhfl KT-<br />

HB [F,TKJDB hjv lffcf[tktc7<br />

yfwbjyfkehvf fh[t,vf<br />

ufvjfw[fltc7 hjv bc fhbc vfabjpb8<br />

kthb [f,tkjdpt yf-<br />

vecbfyb vjzblfdt cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

fh /.jkbf8 hjujh itb’kt,f7<br />

kthb [f,tkjdpt tc ofvjuwltc0<br />

2 smdty fv,j,s7 hjv cgjhnb<br />

gjkbnbpt,ekbf7 hfib<br />

ufvjb[fnt,f tc0<br />

2 ths afmnc utn.dbs8 VT<br />

UFVFSFDBCEAKTC UFCEKB<br />

OKBC VFBCIB8 VFKT XFVJ-<br />

DBLF CFHRJPB8 CFYFV BC SF-<br />

DBCEAKT,BC VJTLFYPT<br />

CBN.DBS UFVJDBLJLF7 XTV-<br />

VF ,BZT,VF LFVBHTRTC7 HJV<br />

BWJLT7 F[KF CFL DFHS7<br />

.DBSTK FDNJ,ECT,IB XFU-<br />

DC[TC LF CFHRJPBC VJCFC-<br />

VTYFL VBD.FDFHS SFDBCEA-<br />

KT,BC VJTLFYPTJ8 VT HJV<br />

ATLTHFWBFIB D.JABKB.F-<br />

DB7 FVFC DTH UF,TLFDLYTY7<br />

VT FCTS CFMVTT,IB XTVC ,B-<br />

ZT,C FH UFDHTDLB8 TC FH VF-<br />

GFNBTC8<br />

f[kf cfv,jc atlthfwbfc<br />

[tkv’qdfytkj,c stveh ubjhuf’t7<br />

hjvtkbw cfvfidtkj cfvcf[ehbc<br />

eahjcbw fhbc8 gfhnbekb<br />

ybiybs bybiyt,bfy<br />

atlthfwbbc [tkv’qdfytkt,b8<br />

STVEH UBJHUF’T SFDBC<br />

CFVCF[EHIB ELBLTCB CGTWB-<br />

FKBCNBF7 VFHSKF DTH OFH-<br />

VJVBLUTYBF C[DF VBC FLUB-<br />

KFC7 VFUHFV CFV,JIB HF EY-<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

LF0 VTHT HF7 HJV .JABKB<br />

CFV,BCNBF0 VFHNJ BKTST-<br />

,BC WJLYF RB FH FHBC CFR-<br />

VFHBCB8 BWBC VFY7 HJUJH<br />

EYLF UFYFO.JC ,FDIDB CF-<br />

JVHFL0 HJUJH EYLF FC-<br />

OFDKJC ,FDIDC0 FH<br />

ITB"KT,F7 YFRHT,IB VJDB-<br />

LTC RFWB7 HJVTKBW YFR-<br />

HT,C FH UF/RFHT,BF FHFC-<br />

LHJC8<br />

2 smdty smdbs7 xtvb ,bzt-<br />

,b fh b.dyty ufthsbfyt,ekb<br />

pjylth,hbuflt,ibj7 c[df<br />

atlthfwbt,blfy ufthsbfyt-<br />

,ekb fhbfy cgjhncvtyt,b<br />

pjylth,hbuflt,ib0<br />

2 hf smvf eylf8 [jv ute,yt,bs7<br />

thsb xtvb ueylb b.j7<br />

hjvtkbw fcts ,by’eh cfmvtt,ib<br />

fh vjyfobktj,lf8 cfvoe[fhjl7<br />

f[kf ufdbut7 hjv xtvb<br />

yfrht,bc .jabkb otdhb UT-<br />

KF ,FHFSFIDBKB7 hjvtkbw<br />

tdhjgbc xtvgbjyb lf<br />

vcjakbjc dthw[kbc ghbpbjhbf7<br />

pjylth,hbuflbc otdhb<br />

.jabkf8 ’fkbfy vtnrbyf<br />

uekb8 tc lqtt,bf7 dehtrfd lf<br />

ufvjhsekb fmdc ntktajyb8<br />

dbwjlb7 hjv bc 3cgtwyfpib4<br />

vcf[ehj,lf7 vfuhfv pjylth-<br />

,hbuflbc otdhbw se b.j7 fh<br />

dbwjlb8 hfl ubylf fctsb xtvgbjyj,f0<br />

xtvgbjyt,c lf [fk[c<br />

f’ekt,ty thsvfytsc8<br />

cgjhnbc atlthfwbt,ib<br />

[tkv’qdfytk sfyfvlt,j,t,pt<br />

ybiyfdty yfwbjyfkt,c7 hfsf<br />

3lfdth,jdrt,ekb4 /.fdlts<br />

atlthfwbt,b7 .dbstkb fdnj-<br />

,ect,bs fnfhjy cgjhncvtyt,b7<br />

bvbnjv7 hjv xtvgbjyt,b<br />

pjylth,buflt,ib uffthsbfyjy<br />

lf [fk[b fwtvbyjy8 se<br />

fvfs hbut,ib fh [fh7 ityb<br />

ofhvfnt,fw fh eylfs8 .jdtkb<br />

okbc ,jkjc fcf[tkt,ty<br />

cfertstcj ueylc lf cfertstcj<br />

cgjhncvtyc8 @_!_ otkc7<br />

hjwf xdty vcjakbj ueylehb<br />

xtvgbjyt,b ufd[lbs zf,ert,ibw<br />

lf f[fkufphlt,ibw7<br />

cfertstcj ueylfl lffcf[tktc<br />

hfu,bc ueylb7 hjvtkbw<br />

tdhjgbc xtvgbjyfnpt 3,4 rkfcblfy<br />

3f4 rkfcib uflfdblf8 fv<br />

lhjc xdty db.fdbs vcjakbj<br />

xtvgbjyt,b evfqktc kbufib8<br />

thsb gthbjlb cfthsjl uffemvtc<br />

cfertstcj vodhsytkbc<br />

lfcf[tkt,f8 dfv,j,lb7 xtvc ufvj<br />

uffemvtc-vtsmb7 bvbnjv7<br />

hjv .dtkfpt rfhub itltut,b<br />

vt vmjylf8 hfnjv vt,h’dbsvtsmb7<br />

hjv dbrbs[t7 cfv,j hecekb<br />

cf[tj,ffj7 vbgfce[tc8<br />

2 fctsb lfvjrblt,ekt-<br />

,bs cflfvlt vbdf xdtyb<br />

cgjhnb0<br />

2 lfqegekt,b dfhs= cfvb<br />

otkboflbf7 jkbvgbeh cf[tj-<br />

,t,ib thsflthsb tdhjgbc xtvgbjyb<br />

ud.fdc8 vcjakbj xtvgbjyb<br />

cfthsjl fh ud.fdc8 tc<br />

vc]tkj,bc cfufybw fh ufv[lfhf8<br />

JKBVGBFLFPT JMHJC<br />

VTLKT,C HJV UTUVFDTY7 HF-<br />

YFBHFL EYLF VJBUJY7 HJ-<br />

WF TDHJGBLFYFW RB FH<br />

XFVJENFYBFS JMHJC VTLF-<br />

KB0 VFUHFV FVFS GHJAT-<br />

CBJYFKBPVB FH FBYNTHT-<br />

CT,S7 FVFS FBYNTHCT,S BC7<br />

HJV CGJHNCVTYT,B SFDBC<br />

CFCFHUT,KJL UFVJB.T-<br />

YJY8 lfdbs yfvufkfehbc vtuj,fhb<br />

fh dfh7 vfhfv bc b.j<br />

thsflthsb flfvbfyb7 hjvtkbw<br />

vjubcvtylf8 tctyb hfc vjubcvtyty0<br />

idbkbcnjkf ,bzb<br />

kflj dfh’tkfidbkb vtephltkf8<br />

it hectsbc futynjj7<br />

vbs[hf8 vt dfh hectsbc futynb0<br />

!)() okbc !_ fghbkc %<br />

sdbc idbkb hecbc nfyrc oby<br />

lfdecdb lf ]fhbcrfwt,c dfubyt8<br />

vpfl db.fdb7 idbkbw rb ufvtobhf8<br />

% okbc ufyvfdkj,fib<br />

vcjakbj xtvgbjyfnt,pt<br />

hectsbc /bvybc vjcvtybcfc<br />

at[pt fh dlut,jlb8 vt eylf<br />

lfvofvjc hectsbc futynj,f<br />

dfh’tkfidbkvf7 hjvtkbw fudbcnjc<br />

jvbc lhjc ujhblfy<br />

bct fjhsmklf7 dthcfl gjekj,lyty0<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

stf fcfsbfyb


mdt.fyfib vbvlbyfht<br />

vjdktyt,pt<br />

dtcfe,ht,bs<br />

sfyfvtlhjdtj,bc thsths<br />

.dtkfpt<br />

nbnekjdfy cgjhncvtyc7<br />

vcjakbjc jhupbc lf<br />

tdhjgbc [esupbc<br />

xtvgbjyc7 cf[fk[j<br />

rht,bc otdhc kerf<br />

rehnfyb'tc5<br />

2 hjltcfw lbmnfnjhb<br />

erjynhjkj [lt,f7 vfc fyflueht,ty8<br />

cflfv /ectbyb uffyfluehtc7<br />

rflfab uffyfluehtc888<br />

hjltcfw lbmnfnjhb [fk[c<br />

fh enjdt,c ufvjcfdfkc7 bc<br />

yfluehlt,f8 hjwf eueyehb<br />

vvfhsdtkb fh itbcvtyc cfresfhb<br />

[fk[bc [vfc7 uffdt,ekb<br />

cfpjufljt,f vfc bct tmwtdf7<br />

hjujhw v[twc8 lbf[7 hjwf<br />

mdt.ybc vvfhsdtkb sfdbceakfl<br />

vjfphjdyt flfvbfyt,bc<br />

gbhflb vnthb [lt,f7 vfc e,tlehb<br />

,tlb tkbc8 hjwf [fk[b<br />

e’kehbf7 vfiby vcjakbjc ltvjrhfnbekb<br />

mdt.yt,bc [tkv’qdfytkt,b<br />

lbmnfnjht,c<br />

fyflueht,ty= v[twbw rb fh<br />

yfluehlt,f bct cfcnbrfl7 hjujhw<br />

lbmnfnjht,b=<br />

2 lvfybcib v.javf cffrfidbkvf<br />

ufyfw[flf5 hjwf fvlty<br />

hfvtc dfrtst,s7 brhb,t,bfy<br />

,ytktsbc ’fkt,b lf b’f[bfy7<br />

hjv xdty eylf lfdfv[js<br />

tctyb lf lfd,heylts erfyj=<br />

fvfpt hf rjvtynfhc uffrtst,lbs0<br />

2 CFFRFIDBKB LF VBCB HT-<br />

;BVB FHBC XTVB GBHFLB VNT-<br />

HB8 VT VFC VJDB[CTYBT, TU-<br />

HTS OJLT,EK GHTPBLTY-<br />

NFL8 @^ VFBCC FV UJYT,F-<br />

LF,YTKT,EKT,VF XDTY VJU-<br />

DYFSKTC 3,JV;T,FL47 CFV-<br />

IJ,KJC VJQFKFNTT,FL8<br />

E,TLEHT,FF7 HJLTCFW UJ-<br />

YT,FLF,YTKT,EKB [TKB-<br />

CEAKT,F CFRESFH VJMFKF-<br />

MTT,C ,YTKTSBC "FKT,C<br />

EOJLT,C8 fk,fs7 yfstkb ’fkf<br />

bcbybf7 dbyw vfubc .dtkf<br />

cbub;tc nfic erhfdc lf ,hb.dekb<br />

ufvjyfsmdfvt,bcsdbc<br />

[jn,fc fc[fvc8 ltvjrhfnbbc<br />

ghbywbgb fctsbf5 vjuojyc dbyvt<br />

se fh vjuojyc7 .dtkfc ghtpbltynb<br />

eylf b.j7 vfuhfv<br />

fvfsib ltvjrhfnbbc yfvwtwbw<br />

fhff8 fvfssdbc xdty dfhs<br />

vnht,b lf cek hjv ufdo.lts7<br />

fk,fs7 cb[fhekbs wfc totdbfy8<br />

dtpbpqt,bs7 hflufy vjyt,fl<br />

dth udfmwbtc8 fctsb lf-<br />

.jaf fhbc ’fkbfy lblb ufeyfskt,kj,bcf<br />

lf iteuyt,kj,bc<br />

,hfkb8 FV[TKF RFWB<br />

,T,BFMFKFL BMWF8 LFH,BC<br />

CFFDFLV.JAJT,BC UF[CYFPT<br />

LF LFFNFHT,C FGFHFNEHFC<br />

FMTS-BMBS888 FHW RB HW[DT-<br />

YBF= VFUBCB N.EBKT,B LF<br />

CBCEKTKTT,B .TKIB FVJ-<br />

EDBLF .DTKFC=<br />

cfpjufljt,fv rfhufl bwbc7<br />

dby fhbc ,ytktsbc ’fkf7 ,ytkb7<br />

ujyt,flf,ytkt,ekb7 dby<br />

uf.blf mdt.fyf lf dby xffulj<br />

[fk[b fcts ufcfzbhib8 vfubc<br />

eueyeh hjidfc fqfhfdby bcvtyc=<br />

LFHOVEYT,EKB DFH7 FV<br />

FHCT,FC VFKT VBEXTYTY CF-<br />

ZBHJ FLUBKC8<br />

2 ufcek rdbhfc cf[fk[j<br />

rht,f itbrhb,f8 hf lfutuvts<br />

lf bsfs,bhts0<br />

2 lblb vflkj,f vbylf uflfde[flj<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bc .dtkf<br />

otdhcf lf v[fhlfvzthc fctsb<br />

erjvghjvbcj7 itehbut,tkb<br />

,h’jkbcfsdbc8 ,TLYBTHB<br />

DFH7 HJV CFVIJ,KJC RT-<br />

SBKLQTJ,BCFSDBC ,H’J-<br />

KFIB BCTSB FLFVBFYT,BC<br />

UDTHLBS DLUFDFH7 HJUJ-<br />

HT,BW FHBFY YJYF UFAHBY-<br />

LFIDBKB7 YBYJ ,EH]FYF-<br />

’T7 CJCJ ]FZDKBFYB7<br />

TKBP,FH ]FDTKB’T7 UEHFV<br />

ABHW[FKFDF7 HTPJ TCF’T<br />

LF C[DT,B8 xdty fh dfgbht,s<br />

itxtht,fc vfyfvlt7 dblht tc ht-<br />

;bvb gjkbnbreh cfyfudtpt fh<br />

fqvjxylt,f8 lbf[7 oesbsfw<br />

fh itdxthlt,bs7 dblht tc zbhbfyt,b<br />

fmtlfy fh ofifdlt,bfy8<br />

3'FKBFY<br />

VFKT<br />

VJ[LT,F FV<br />

HT;BVBC<br />

XFVJIKF=4<br />

ufvjxylf se fhf gjkbnbreh<br />

fcgfhtppt ,fnjyb ,b’byf<br />

bdfybidbkb7 xdty vfibydt vbdtcfkvts<br />

lf v[fhb lfdezbhts<br />

vfc= cbn.dt,bs7 cfmvbs7 .dtkfyfbhfl<br />

lfdt[vfht,bs7 hfsf<br />

mdt.fyf uflfhxtc lf tc rhbvbyfkt,b<br />

vjijhlyty fmfehj-<br />

,fc8 .dtkfyfbhfl [tkc itdeo.j,7<br />

hjv vj[ltc lblb ufthsbfyt,f7<br />

hjvtkbw fv ht;bvc<br />

vjfisj,c lf ufudfvfh]dt,b-<br />

KERF REHNFYB'T5<br />

CFLFV /ECTBYB UFFYFLUEHTC8<br />

RFLFAB UFFYFLUEHTC8 LBF[7<br />

HJLTCFW LBMNFNJHB<br />

ERJYNHJKJ<br />

[LT,F7 VFC FYFLUEHT,TY=<br />

CFLFV /ECTBYBC FQCFCHEKB VEFVFH RFLFABC FQCFCHEKB<br />

3FV[TKF 3FV[TKF 3FV[TKF RFWB RFWB ,T,BFMFKFL ,T,BFMFKFL BMWF8 BMWF8 LFH,BC<br />

LFH,BC<br />

CFFDFLV.JAJT,BC CFFDFLV.JAJT,BC UF[CYFPT UF[CYFPT LF<br />

LF<br />

LFFNFHT,C LFFNFHT,C LFFNFHT,C FGFHFNEHFC FGFHFNEHFC FGFHFNEHFC FMTS-BMBS888<br />

FMTS-BMBS888<br />

FMTS-BMBS888<br />

FHW FHW RB RB HW[DTYBF= HW[DTYBF= VFUBCB VFUBCB N.EBKT,B N.EBKT,B LF<br />

LF<br />

CBCEKTKTT,B CBCEKTKTT,B CBCEKTKTT,B .TKIB .TKIB FVJEDBLF FVJEDBLF .DTKFC=4<br />

.DTKFC=4<br />

XTVGBJYBC GHJNTCNB<br />

yt,c8 vsfdfhbf7 thsvfytsc [tkb<br />

fh itdeifkjs lf cfmvt fh<br />

ufdfaezjs= cfzbhjf vjsvbyt,f7<br />

lfeqfkfdb veifj,f7<br />

,h’jkf7 ufthsbfyt,ekb ’fkt,bs<br />

itntdf lf ufhlfedfkb<br />

ufvfh]dt,fw fh lff.jdyt,c8<br />

lbf[7 .dtkfathb bct eylf ufdfrtsjs7<br />

hjv mdt.fyf cf,jkjjl<br />

fh ufyfluehltc= tctyb .dtkfathpt<br />

vblbfy7 [fk[bc lfibyt,fpt7<br />

lfgfnbvht,fpt7 rfyjyb<br />

lf rjycnbnewbf at[t,pt<br />

/rblbfs8 ]B,BC NTKT-<br />

DBPBT,BC GHJGFUFYLF BCT<br />

FVJVBDBLF .TKIB7 HJV FH-<br />

WTHS NTKTDBPBFC FQFH<br />

DE.EHT,8 FVFC EYLF LFDE-<br />

GBHBCGBHJS THSJ,F= HT-<br />

;BVC XDTYB THSJ,F XFVJI-<br />

KBC8 SE THSFL DBMYT,BS7<br />

FVFS FQFH UFEDFS8 FQFHF-<br />

DBY VJBSVTYC LF FGFNBT,C<br />

F[FKUFPHLT,BC XF[JWDFC7<br />

CF[K-RFHBLFY UFVJ.HFC7<br />

NTHBNJHBT,BC LFRFHUDFC7<br />

UFLFCF[FLT,BC UFPHLFC LF<br />

F8I8<br />

se xdty dbmyt,bs vjojlt-<br />

,bc cbvfqktpt7 cffrfidbkbc<br />

acbmbrbc flfvbfyb yfvldbkfl<br />

fh udt.jkt,f cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

ghtpbltynfl8 se thsvfytsc<br />

udthlib lfdelut,bs7 vfiby<br />

itehfw[.jafc dtqfh vjudf.tyt,ty7<br />

dthw vtxtsc ffityt,ty7<br />

fhw rdthw[t,bc ’tukc lfudblufvty<br />

lf fhw jhcfzbfyb dtkjcbgtlbc<br />

’tukc ofvjzbvfdty mfkfmbc<br />

wtynhib8 fqfhfathc<br />

dbn.db gfvgthc-[blpt7 hjvkbc<br />

lfyf[dfw7 e,hfkjl7 welfl<br />

v[lbc8 fctsb eutvjdyjt-<br />

,b hjujh [fhs7 smdt egfnhjyjt,j0<br />

2 smdty se ufubdkbfs fv<br />

[blpt0<br />

2 fhf lf fhw fhfcjltc itdlufv<br />

fv [blpt at[c8 eahj vtnbw5<br />

fv [blpt fhw xtvb idbkt,b<br />

ufbdkbfy8<br />

2 fct vrfwhfl hfnjv [fh<br />

ufyo.j,bkb0<br />

2 fv [blbc fhct,j,fw rb itehfw[.jafl<br />

vbvfxybf8 vtnt[b7<br />

yfhb.fkf7 cfvt,f7 cfgfnhbfhmj7<br />

fyxbc[fnb lf fmts tc [blb=<br />

e,tleht,f rbltd bcff7 hjv<br />

cfgfnhbfhmjcsfy ufb[cyf rfpbyj=<br />

fvfs evcufdcj,t,c cfrflhbcb<br />

gfce[b eylf uftwtc=<br />

cfvfhw[dbyjf7 hjv fctsb fd-<br />

[jhwb rfwb vfhsfdc mdt.fyfc8<br />

cffrfidbkb fhbc ufe,tleht-<br />

,ekb flfvbfyb8 itb’kt,f7 mdt-<br />

.fyf vjbhuj lf lfyfdfhlj,c<br />

sfdbc utvjpt7 vfuhfv bc ,tlybthb<br />

dth bmyt,f8 cekbth cbvidbltc<br />

tu dth vjbgjdt,c8 tu<br />

fhff vfhsfkb rfwb8 thbcf lf<br />

mdt.ybc obyfitf lfvyfifdt8<br />

wjldt,b fh vjfcdtyt,c8 se<br />

qdsbc obyfit whtvkbs fh vjbyfybf7<br />

’fkbfy lbl e,tleht-<br />

,fvlt vbdf= bctd dbvtjht,7 xdty<br />

eylf db.js vjojlt,bc cbvfqktpt8<br />

hjwf thsj,f bmyt,f7<br />

sehmb dtqfh vjbyljvt,c vtxtsbc<br />

fityt,fc8<br />

THSCEKJDYT,B<br />

EYLF DB.JS LF<br />

BMBS VJDBS[JDJS<br />

NFJ-RKFH}TSBC<br />

LF,HEYT,F8 LBF[7<br />

NFJ7 CFBYUBKJ<br />

FEWBKT,KFL EYLF<br />

LFE,HEYLTC LTLF-<br />

CFVIJ,KJC= NFJ-<br />

RKFH}TSB<br />

UDB[VJ,C7 UDT’F[BC<br />

LF FV [VFC .EHB<br />

EYLF VBDEULJS7<br />

HFSF XDTYC<br />

’BH’DTK<br />

NTHBNJHBT,C FH<br />

VJDO.LTS8<br />

cffrfidbkb vjmvtlt,c fkty<br />

lfktcbc ghjuhfvbs8 hfw vtnfl<br />

ufudh.dybc lf uflfudfudfht,c7<br />

eahj lfeafct,ty7<br />

sevwf7 dabmhj,7 hjv cffrfidbkbc<br />

cfmvt ofcekbf8 vfubc<br />

,jubyc fqfhfdby vjbsvtyc8 ’fkbfy<br />

vfkt vj[lt,f fv ht;bvbc<br />

xfvjikf7 hfcfw vj/.dt,f gfvgthc-[blbc<br />

ltvjynf;b8<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

,tmf cbdcbdf't<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 11


12<br />

CFE,HT,B RHOFYBCBC DTKPT<br />

2 ,fnjyj tlefhl7 bynthdbe<br />

bctd cfvoe[fhj byajhvfwbbs<br />

eylf lfdbo.j8 fdqfytsib<br />

rbltd cfvb mfhsdtkb<br />

cfv[tlhj lfbqegf 2 dfkbrj<br />

,thfbf7 heckfy vtkf’t<br />

lf gffnf rfzfhfdf8<br />

2 hf itvb’kbf dsmdf ufhlf<br />

bvbcf7 hjv decfv’bvht, lfqegekb<br />

,bzt,bc j]f[t,c8 'fkbfy<br />

cfvoe[fhj fv,fdbf8 jhvfufl<br />

cfvoe[fhjf7 hjv fh dbwbs7 fv<br />

,bzt,bc cbwjw[kt hf vbpyt,c<br />

tobht,f8<br />

2 hfc fv,j,s7 ,fnjyj<br />

tlefhl7 cffrfidbkvf smdf 2<br />

vfhsfkbf7 doe[dfh7 vfuhfv fv<br />

,bzt,bc pdfhfrfl itobhekb<br />

cbwjw[kt xdtyb mdt.ybc vjvfdfkc<br />

offlut,fj888<br />

2 thsflthsb itltub7 hjvtkbw<br />

fv jgthfwbfib xdtyc vjyfobktj,fc<br />

vj/.dt,f7 bc bmyt-<br />

,f7 hjv f[fkufphlt,b lfbqegt,bfy<br />

lf j]f[t,b ufe,tlehlt,f8<br />

tc rb7 bctlfw ltvjuhfabekb<br />

rfnfcnhjabc pqdfhpt<br />

v.ja cfmfhsdtkjc cfcbrtsjl<br />

yfvldbkfl dth offlut,f8<br />

ufeut,fhbf7 hfc uekbc[vj,c<br />

ghtpbltynb cfmfhsdtkjc vjvfdfkib8<br />

se yfnj-ib ufotdhbfyt,f<br />

fmdc v[tldtkj,fib7 vfy<br />

rfhufl bwbc7 hjv fkbfycib ufcfotdhbfyt,kfl<br />

vfhnj fvthbrbc<br />

v[fhlfzthf fh rvfhf7 .dtkf<br />

otdhb mdt.ybc sfy[vj,f eylf<br />

udmjyltc8 fdqfytsbc jgthfwbfib<br />

vjyfobktj,bcufy<br />

fhw c[df cfhut,tkc eylf dtkjljs8<br />

fct hjv7 tc vc[dthgkb<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc vjvfdfkc fh<br />

tvcf[eht,f=<br />

FHFCLHJC LFDBQKT


vb[tbk cffrfidbkb ghtpbltyn ,fhfr j,fvfcsfy<br />

it[dtlhbc itvltu fvthbrbc itthst,ekb infnt,blfy<br />

yfwtvb lf .ehfotekb ,fdidbdbs xfvjdblf7 hfw<br />

ufcfrdbhb cekfw fh fhbc8 yfwt,bc v’ktsfv’kt vtatvptc7<br />

hjvtkcfw lbmnfnjhekb dyt,t,b fmdc fikbkb<br />

lf 'fkfeakt,bc lfsvj,fc rjycnbnewbehb dflbc<br />

fvjoehdbc itvltufw fh fgbht,c7 fvthbrtkvf<br />

vafhdtkt,vf lf gfnhjyt,vf [jv gbhlfgbh es[htc7<br />

@_!@ otkc ltvjrhfnbekb fhxtdyt,b eylf xffnfhj lf<br />

[tkbceakt,f eylf lfsvjj8<br />

/jlf7 stshb cf[kbc jdfkeh<br />

lfh,fpib wbdo.fkuflfc[vekb<br />

cffrfidbkb f[kf<br />

ytvcbc .eyoib 'dht,f7 hfsf<br />

fvthbrtk gfnhjyt,c lfevnrbwjc7<br />

hjv vfsb thsuekb ujibff8<br />

cojhtl fv vbpybs cffrfidbkb<br />

ufcek rdbhfc fdqfytsib<br />

xfdblf lf /tkvfylbc ghjdbywbfib<br />

lbckjwbht,ekb<br />

mfhsdtkb cfv[tlhjt,b vjbyf-<br />

[ekf8<br />

'fkbfy cfbynthtcj lf +cfnbhfkb<br />

hjv fh b.jc` cfcfwbkj<br />

ntmcnbs ufvjt[vfehf<br />

cffrfidbkbc fdqfytsib xfcdkfc<br />

3bvtlbc4 cfbyajhvfwbj<br />

ufvjidt,f 3mhjybrf45<br />

32 vb[tbk cffrfidbkb<br />

vcjakbjc ths-ths .dtkfpt<br />

w[tk othnbkib<br />

xfdblf8 /tkvfylbc ghjdbywbfc<br />

mdt.ybc gbhdtkb<br />

gbht,b bidbfsfl cnevhj,ty7<br />

sevwf7 cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

ghtpbltynb cfresfhb<br />

cbwjw[kbc hbcrbc<br />

afcfl mfhsdtk cfv[tlhjt,sfy<br />

vfbyw xfdblf48<br />

hjujh vjuojys7 'dbhafcj<br />

vrbs[dtkj0 3EIBIB7 DB-<br />

SFHWF E{JHWJ4 cffrfidbkb<br />

fdqfytsib7 sehvt7 cfresfhb<br />

cbwjw[kbc hbcrbc<br />

afcfl xfcekf8 ituf[ctyt,s7<br />

hjv bv cffrfidbkptf cfe,fhb7<br />

hjvtkvfw @__( okbc !_ fudbcnjc<br />

ujhib7 vt]dhbc[tdbc<br />

mexfpt7 sdbsvahbyfdbc [vbc<br />

ufujyt,fpt flubkblfy bct vjrehw[kf<br />

lf vbofpt bct bajhs[f7<br />

hjv fhfvfhnj sfyv[kt-<br />

,b cnevfhb 2 cfahfyutsbc<br />

cfufhtj cfmvtsf vbybcnhb<br />

,thyfh reiythb7 fhfvtl chekbfl<br />

vcjakbj cf[nfl lfnjdf=<br />

lbf[7 cffrfidbkbc ufmwtdbcf<br />

lf vbofpt ajhs[bfkbc<br />

rflht,b vcjakbjc ofv.dfyb<br />

ntktdbpbt,bc tsthib .dtkfv<br />

yf[f lf vfc itvltu vstkvf<br />

vcjakbjv bwbc7 hjv cffrfidbkb<br />

cfresfhb cbwjw[kbc<br />

hbcrbc afcfl hjvtkbvt w[tk<br />

othnbkib xfvcdktkb rb fhf7<br />

thsb jsf[blfy vtjhtib at-<br />

[bc ufvluvtkb fh fhbc8<br />

cffrfidbkb fdqfytsib7<br />

/tkvfylbc ghjdbywbfib7<br />

mfhsdtk cfv[tlhjt,sfy<br />

bvbnjv xfdblf7 hjv fvthbrtkb<br />

gfnhjyt,bcfsdbc txdtyt,byf<br />

2 vpfl dfh7 fdqfytsib<br />

mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwt,bc<br />

cf[bs bvltyb cfpfh,fpyt<br />

[jhwb ufvjubupfdyjs7 hfvltybw<br />

lfuzbhlt,fsj=<br />

'dbhafcj vrbs[dtkj7 3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkbc4<br />

aehwkt,pt<br />

fhfths[tk dothlbs lf<br />

smdtyw vidtybdhfl bwbs7 hjv<br />

fdqfytsib mfhsdtkb cfv[tlhjt,bc<br />

.jayf lf vfsb bm lfqegdf<br />

v[jkjl lf v[jkjl<br />

ths hfvtc tvcf[eht,f 2 cffrfidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,fib<br />

lfhxtyfc=<br />

mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwt,bc<br />

fdqfytsib .jaybs fvthbrbc<br />

itthst,ekb infnt,b abyfyct,cf<br />

lf cfresfhb cfv-<br />

[tlhjt,bc cbwjw[ktc pjufdc7<br />

cfyfwdkjl rb cffrfidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,fc .dtkfathc<br />

gfnbj,c 2 mdt.fyfib<br />

ltvjrhfnbbc fhfhct,j-<br />

,fc7 cfcfvfhskjcf lf vtlbbc<br />

nthjhc7 vidblj,bfyb vfybatcnfwbt,bc<br />

lfh,tdfcf lf<br />

lf[dhtnfc=88<br />

vjrktl7 ,tdhb hjv fh ufdfuh’tkjs7<br />

cffrfidbkbc<br />

ht;bvb fdqfytsib lfqegekb<br />

mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwt,bc<br />

cbc[kpt lufc8<br />

fdqfytsib rb erdt s[esvtnb<br />

mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwbf lfqegekb=<br />

,jkj cfvb mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwb<br />

fdqfytsib cffrfidbkbc<br />

xfcdkblfy jh lqtib lfbqegf8<br />

lbf[7 yfwt,bc vsfdfhcfhlfkb<br />

/tkvfylbc ghjdbywbfib<br />

@_!@ okbc @_ st,thdfkc bv-<br />

.jat,jlf7 @@ st,thdfkc rb7<br />

FDQFYTSIB XFCEKB<br />

CFFRFIDBKBC GBFHFDFYNBEHFC<br />

CFVB MFHSDTKB }FHBCRFWBC<br />

CBWJW[KT ITTOBHF=<br />

sfdlfwdbc cfvbybcnhjv uffdhwtkf<br />

wyj,f7 hjv cf,h’jkj<br />

fvjwfybc itchekt,bc<br />

lhjc7 cf,h’jkj vfymfybc fatsmt,bc<br />

itltufl lfbqegyty vtcfvt<br />

mdtbsb ,hbuflbc #!-t vce-<br />

,emb mdtbsb ,fnfkbjybc rfghfkt,b<br />

dfkbrj ,thfbf7 heckfy<br />

vtkf’t lf gffnf rfzfhfdf8<br />

HF AT{PT LF HF UEKBS<br />

XFDBLF CFFRFIDBKB FDQF-<br />

YTSIB7 SFDFL UFYCF}TS7<br />

"DBHAFCJ VRBS{DTKJ7 VFU-<br />

HFV AFMNBF7 HJV VFY MFHS-<br />

DTK }FHBCRFWT


14<br />

FRFLTVBRJCBC GJKBNBRF<br />

ofhvjvflutykj,bsb<br />

cf[fk[j rht,bc<br />

fqvfchekt,tkb cf,zjc<br />

otdhb7 frfltvbrjcb<br />

tkbp,fh<br />

]fdtkb't fdqfytsib<br />

mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwt,bc<br />

lfqegdfib gbhflfl<br />

vb[tbk cffrfidbkc<br />

flfyfifekt,c8 vbcb<br />

smvbs7 cffrfidbkb<br />

lftvcufdcf rthgc7<br />

hjvtkcfw gthbjlekfl<br />

vc[dthgkitobhdf<br />

czbhlt,f=<br />

2 itvs[dtdbsj,fc yfvldbkfl<br />

dth vbdfoth bvfc7 hjv fdqfytsib<br />

cffrfidbkbc gbfhdbpbnc<br />

xdtyb ]fhbcrfwt,bc<br />

nhfubrekb cbrdlbkb vj/.df=<br />

VB{TBK CFFRFIDBKB CFMFH-<br />

SDTKJCSDBC YFVLDBK VB-<br />

MTK-UF


@_ st,thdfkc<br />

fdqfytsib cfvb<br />

mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwbc 2<br />

DFKBRJ


16<br />

'VF 'VBCSDBCFJ888<br />

@^ vfbcbc wyj,bkb vjdktyt,bc<br />

lhjc vbrhjajysfy cek ,jkjc<br />

vt dbltmb lf 3vfvfj xdtyjc4<br />

drbs[ekj,lb8 cwtyfpt 3cf[fk[j<br />

rht,bc4 fqvfchekt,tkb<br />

rjvbntnbc otdht,sfy thsfl<br />

,h’fylt,jlyty wyj,bkb<br />

xju,ehstkb ,fnjyb fktmcfylht<br />

vtnhtdtkb lf xdtyb thsuekb<br />

vtuj,fhb7 ,fnjyb vehvfy lev,f’t8<br />

lqtcfw fh vbylf bvbc lf]tht,f7<br />

hjv dtkehb bthbib7 hjvtkbw<br />

xdtypt vjbnfytc7 cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

vj[lf8 hjv mfhsdtkvf<br />

vkjwdtkb mfhsdtkb<br />

fct ufcobhf8 tc cfe,fhb udmjylf<br />

vt lf ,fnjy vehvfy lev-<br />

,f’tc rbyjstfnh 3hecsfdtkib47<br />

hjltcfw ]fkfst,b vjhbub<br />

bthbibs itvjwdbdlyty888<br />

qvthsvf uflfvfhxbyf888 ujyc<br />

trktcbbc tpjib lfult,ekb<br />

vjdtlb888<br />

hjujhw rb itd’tkb7 ,fnjyb<br />

vehvfyb vbc ’vfcsfy7 wyj-<br />

,bk tmbvsfy lf vjqdfot rfwsfy7<br />

,fnjy uehfvsfy vjdbrbs[t87<br />

gfce[fl vjvbuj5 ueiby<br />

cfmfhsdtkjv ufbvfh]dfj888 .dtkf<br />

mfhsdtkbcfsdbc cfjwyt-<br />

,j b.j smdtyb df;rfwj,fj888<br />

lf f8i8 ’vbc v’bvt vlujvfhtj-<br />

,bcf rb sfdfl yfwtv-lfe’keht,ekc<br />

fhfathb vbs[hf8<br />

tc fv,fdb hfvltybvt [ybc<br />

oby ,fsevib7 cfpjufljt,fc-<br />

VEHVFY LEV,F’BC GFCE[B<br />

WB[BLFY 'VFC7 UEHFV LEV,F'TC<br />

dfh vidtybdhfl8 ,h’jkf ,jkjvlt=<br />

VEHVFYB<br />

cfvtlbwbyj xfhtdfc fh dcfzbhjt, zhbkj,t-<br />

,b ytk-ytkf vbieilt,f8 thsflthsb ytrybc<br />

vlujvfhtj,f vftzdt,c8 cfzbhjf htynutyb8 vfh-<br />

]dtyf sdfkbc uflfafhdf vfmdc8<br />

cfrfyb1@<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

ifhify7 cnjr/jkvib yj,tkbc<br />

veptevbcf lf gfhbpbc vidblj,bc<br />

rtltksfy dbpbnbc itvltu7<br />

otkc7 vfhnbc lfcfo.bcib7<br />

cfresfhb fdnjvj,bkbs vcehc<br />

vjdfo.j cfvidblj,j vfhfsjyb7<br />

yj,tkbc upf vidblj,bcfsdbc<br />

cfv[hts rfdrfcbfib7 ,fsevb-mesfbcb-s,bkbcb-ufy]f-,fmj8<br />

vcehdtkt,b itvjudbthslyty<br />

facebook-pt .jdtkudfhb gfhnbekb<br />

ybiybc ufhtit8 cfmfhsdtkjib lf vbc afhukt,c ufhts<br />

v.ja mfhsdtkt,c us[jds lf[vfht,fc7 gbhflb5 cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

,fyrb BAGAGE227 GE37BG0000000394435900, jhufybpfwbbc5<br />

GE61BG0000000248252200.<br />

,TCBR FLFVBF<br />

rke, LLL-bc lfvae’yt,tkb<br />

STVEH IFIBFIDBKB5<br />

FB 'VJ,F=<br />

FB VFVEKBC<br />

THSUEKT,F=<br />

TC FHBC CBFVF.BC<br />

TGBCNJKFHBBC<br />

ITLTDHB8<br />

TC FHBC CEKBTHB<br />

CB’KBTHBC TNFKJYB8<br />

TC FHBC BC CEKBTHT,F<br />

LF CB’KBTHT7 HJVTKBW<br />

FXDTYF @^ VFBCVF=<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

sfy it[dtlhbcfc ufdb[ctyt8<br />

vfiby efqhtcfl wyj,bkvf<br />

behbcnvf7 fldjrfnvf7 sfdbcb<br />

efqhtcfl mfhsekb ufyo.j,bs<br />

cfpjufljt,bcfsdbc<br />

wyj,bkvf mfk,fnjyvf vtltf<br />

dfcf’tv uflvjvwf mfqfklbc<br />

jhb yfukt]b7 hjvtkbw<br />

vjhfkehb qbht,ekt,bs<br />

njvtekt,c elhbc8<br />

tc fhbc ufcfe,ht,f jhb ’vbcf<br />

2 lbktuib ufvjvo.dltekbcf<br />

lf ufhts lfhxtybkbc7<br />

vfuhfv vfbyw cfthsj<br />

cfnecfqjib +hjvtkcfw<br />

vstkb cfmfhsdtkj ofhvjflutyc‘<br />

w[jdht,bcf8<br />

fv othbkib vwbhtlb vbybiyt,fw<br />

fh fhbc sfdbc ufahs[bkt,fpt7<br />

ht;bvbc lfwdfpt<br />

lf vidblj,bs ufsfdbceakt,fpt8<br />

gfce[b rb7 vbe[tlfdfl<br />

necfqb ’vbc ev’bvtcb abpbrehb<br />

vlujvfhtj,bcf7 fhbc<br />

cfjwhfl df;rfwehb5 3DFH<br />

VIDTYBDHFL8 ,H’JKF ,J-<br />

KJVLT=4<br />

tc fhbc cbfvf.bc tgbcnjkfhbbc<br />

itltdhb8<br />

tc fhbc cekbthb cb’kbthbc<br />

tnfkjyb8<br />

tc fhbc bc cekbtht,f lf<br />

cb’kbtht7 hjvtkbw fxdtyf @^<br />

vfbcvf8<br />

,tlybthb dfh7 hjv fctsb<br />

flfvbfyt,bc v[fhlfv[fh vb[lt,f<br />

,h’jkf8<br />

lbf[7 ,h’jkf ,jkjvlt7<br />

,fnjyj vehvfy8 ,h’jkf ,jkjvlt=<br />

UEHFV LEV,F’BC OTHBKB<br />

’VFC7 VEHVFY LEV,F’TC<br />

XTVC ’VFC7 VEHVFYC<br />

@^ vfbcc cfmfhsdtkj itbwdfkf8 lfb,flf f[fkb cfmfhsdtkj<br />

+vij,bfhj,f .jdtksdbc vnrbdytekbf‘8 smdty thtrkt vtatcsfy b,h’jlbs<br />

f[fk rhofybcbc jvib8 ,tlybthb dfh7 hjv #__ fhfudtksfy<br />

thsfl #__ fzfhtkbw b,h’jlf vfymehst,bc obyffqvltu8 tc<br />

b.j mfhsdtksf ,h’jkf mfhsdtkj,bcsdbc8<br />

smdty fuh’tkt,s mfmewf xjkj.fidbkbc7 vtvtl f,fib’bc7 [fcfy s[bkfidbkbc7<br />

ithdfib’bc7 ktdfy ujsefc cbwjw[ktc8<br />

vt ,tlybthb dfh7 hjv xtvb ’vf vehvfy lev,f’t ths hbubs ]fhbcrfwfl<br />

3tvcf[eht,jlf cfmfhsdtkjc48<br />

ity ufbvfh]dt7 vehvfy8 fvfqkt,bcf lf ufvfh]dt,bc upf trkt,pt<br />

lf ]dfhwvfpt uflbc7 ufycfwltkc ufhtit cekbthb fvfqkt,f ite’kt,tkbf8<br />

b,h’jkt cfvfhskbfyj,bcsdbc8<br />

qvthsvf lfukjwjc=<br />

ityb ’vf<br />

UBJHUB WB[BCTKB<br />

ntktfh[ 3RTVi4-c vsfdfhb<br />

htlfmnjhb<br />

uehfv lev,f't8 #_8_%8@_!! o8<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib sbsjtekb<br />

jgjpbwbjythbc vsfdfhb gkfnajhvff<br />

2 3’bhc cffrfidbkb=4 lf<br />

fdbo.lt,fs7 hjv fv kjpeyubs<br />

fhfathb rjycnhemwbekbc ufrtst,f<br />

fh itb’kt,f8 rfhub7 3’bhc47<br />

vfuhfv vtht hf0=<br />

fcb ghjwtynbs itvb’kbf dsmdf7<br />

hjv ,fhfr j,fvfc flvbybcnhfwbib<br />

gbhflfl cffrfidbkc<br />

v[fhc fh ezthty8 vt v.fdc 'f-<br />

kbfy rfhub yfwyj,t,b7 hjvkt,bw cfrvfjl f[kjc fhbfy ghtpbltynsfy7<br />

flfvbfyt,b7 hjvkt,bw vfc hxtdfc f'ktdty lf<br />

dbwb7 hjv lfvjrblt,ekt,f eahj ytufnbehbf lf cfvb okbc<br />

vfy’bkpt cffrfidbkc stsh cf[kib fh tgfnb;t,jlyty8<br />

3RDBHBC MHJYBRF4<br />

gjkbnbrehb vbvjv[bkdtkb<br />

[FSEYF KFUFPB’T<br />

hbs lfbvcf[ehf jmhefidbkvf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc hjvtkbvt<br />

vjmfkfmbc cb.dfhekb<br />

bdfybidbkbc ufhtvjwdfib<br />

se vbc ufhts7 [jv dth vtn.dbs0=<br />

3F[FKB SFJ,F4<br />

VFVERF QKJYNB<br />

ntktrjvgfybf 3vftcnhjc4<br />

lfvae’yt,tkb<br />

jmhefidbkb fhbc cffrfidbkbc<br />

vfh]dtyf [tkbc sbsb8<br />

3HTBNBYUB4


cffrfidbkbc [tkbceakt,fv cfresfhb<br />

vvfhsdtkj,bc hdfokbfy gthbjlib lffyuhbf lf<br />

vbofcsfy uffcojhf .dtkf bc cbcntvf lf bycnbnenb7<br />

hjvtkbw cf[tkvobajc qbhctekb fhct,j,bcf lf<br />

ufvfhsekb aeymwbjybht,bcfsdbc cfcbwjw[kjl<br />

fewbkt,tkbf8<br />

lbf[7 cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf<br />

,enfajhbfl fmwbf cfrfyjyvlt,kj<br />

jhufyj 2 gfhkfvtynb8<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf ,enfajhbfl<br />

fmwbf cfcfvfhskj<br />

cbcntvf8<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf fhfthsupbc<br />

uff,f[f rjycnbnewbf8<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf cfresfh<br />

ghjgfufylbcnek rfynjhfl<br />

uflffmwbf vtlbfcfiefkt,fsf<br />

lblb evhfdktcj,f8<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf cfresfh<br />

[fpbyfl lf 3vtodtk 'hj-<br />

[fl4 ufb[flf rth’j ,bpytcb8<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf lffyuhbf<br />

mfhsekb ]fylfwdbc<br />

cbcntvf lf bub cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vjcf[ktj,bc (_ ghjwtynbcfsdbc<br />

[tkvbeodljvtkb uf-<br />

[flf8<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf lffyuhbf<br />

mfhsekb ufyfskt,bc<br />

cbcntvf lf bub gjkbwbeh<br />

ofhvjyfmvyfl fmwbf8<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf<br />

euekt,tk.j mfhsekb reknehf<br />

lf bub eutvjdyj7 gfhnbekb7<br />

cfcf[kbc rfhbc 3reknehbs4<br />

xfyfwdkf8<br />

thsflthsb7 hfcfw cffrfidbkbc<br />

ht;bvb ]th]thj,bs<br />

dth vjthbf lf hbc lfcfxjmt,kfl7<br />

lfcfvwhj,fl lf lfcfrybyt,kflfw<br />

lqtlfqfv ve[kxfe[htkfl<br />

lf sdfkvje[ezfdfl<br />

b,h’dbc7 tc fhbc mfhsekb<br />

vfhskvflblt,tkb cfvjwbmekj<br />

fdnjrtafkehb trktcbf8<br />

lbf[7<br />

F[KF<br />

CFFRFIDBKBC<br />

FDPYBFYB LF<br />

IFD,YTKB<br />

HT;BVBC<br />

VSTKB<br />

'FKBC[VTDF<br />

VBVFHSEKBF<br />

BMBSRTY7 HJV<br />

ERFYFCRYTKB<br />

,FCNBJYB7<br />

HJVTKBW<br />

MFHSDTKB<br />

THBC<br />

CEKBTHT,FC<br />

BWFDC7<br />

ERFYFCRYTKB<br />

WJW[FKB<br />

E}HTLB7<br />

HJVTKBW<br />

CFMFHSDTKJC<br />

LFRJHNYBK LF<br />

LF}B}UYBK<br />

C[TEKIB<br />

ATSMFDC7<br />

HJUJHVT<br />

ITFH.BJC LF<br />

VBFYFDKJC8<br />

cfvoe[fhjl lf cfe,tlehjl7<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf<br />

cfofltkc yfobkj,hbd vbfqobf<br />

rbltw=<br />

lbf[7 cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf<br />

vjf[th[f lf mfhsekb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

trktcbbc fdnjrtafkbf<br />

[tk.j8<br />

ituf[ctyt,s7 hjv @_!!<br />

okbc % bdkbcc gfhkfvtynfl<br />

ojlt,ekvf jhufyjv lfxmfht-<br />

,ekb otcbs vbbqj rfyjyb htkbubehb<br />

ufthsbfyt,t,bc itcf[t,7<br />

hbsfw cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

mfhsekb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

trktcbbc egbhfntcb hjkb uf-<br />

femvf lf vfc cnfnecbs ufesfyf,hf<br />

c[dflfc[df htkbubehb<br />

rjyatcbt,b lf ctmnt,b8<br />

hfw ufycfresht,bs fqvfiajst,tkbf7<br />

tc vj[lf cjv[tsbc<br />

gfnhbfhmbc ufhtuby vtjhbc<br />

lf;byt,ekb vjs[jdybc<br />

ufsdfkbcobyt,bs lf<br />

chekbfl cfmfhsdtkjc rfsjkbrjc-gfnhbfhmbc7eovbyltcbcf<br />

lf eytnfhtcbc<br />

bkbf vtjhbc vjojlt,bc<br />

euekt,tk.jabs7 mfhsdtkb<br />

vfhskvflblt,tkb vhtdkbc<br />

yt,bc cfobyffqvltujl8<br />

tc rb c[df fhfathbf7 se fhf<br />

thsb trktcbbc7 fv itvs[dtdfib<br />

cjv[ehb txvbf’bybc<br />

vjs[jdybs7 vtjhbc7 fv itvs[dtdfib<br />

2 mfhsekb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

trktcbbc eakt,t-<br />

,bc itkf[df lf at[mdti ufstkdf7<br />

vbcb fdnjrtafkbbc<br />

[tk.jaf8<br />

eahj w[flfl hjv fqdblubyjs<br />

cehfsb7 se hjujh<br />

[tk.j cffrfidbkbc ht;bvvf<br />

mfhsekb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

trktcbbc fdnjrtafkbf7 pecnfl<br />

ufdb[ctyjs7 hf vj[lf<br />

@_!! okbc bdkbcib5<br />

s,bkbcib xfvjdblf cjv[ehb<br />

txvbf’bybc [tkv’qdfytkb<br />

ufhtuby vtjht7 hjvtkvfw cfmfhsdtkjcrfsjkbrjc-gfnhbfhmsfy<br />

bkbf vtjhtcsfy<br />

it[dtlhbc lhjc lff.tyf cfrbs[b7<br />

hjv cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

cjv[eh trktcbfc vbybzt,jlf<br />

cf]fhj cfvfhskbc behblbekb<br />

gbhbc cnfnecb lf uflfcwtvjlf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbfpt<br />

fhct,ekb hfvltybvt<br />

3cjv[ehb4 nf’fhb8<br />

ufhtuby vtjhbc fv vjs[jdyfpt<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc rfsjkbrjc-gfnhbfhmvflbgkjvfnbehb<br />

lf f,cjkenehfl<br />

kjubrehb gfce[b ufcwf5 cjv-<br />

[eh trktcbfc cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

behblbekb cnfnecb hjv<br />

/mjyltc7 fvbcfsdbc cfzbhjf7<br />

fyfkjubehb cnfnecb /mjyltc<br />

mfhsek trktcbfc cjv-<br />

[tsib8<br />

hjwf ufhtuby vtjht vb[dlf7<br />

hjv sfdbc [bcn lf ecfvfhskj<br />

vjs[jdyfc mfhsekb<br />

trktcbbc cfztsvg.hj-<br />

,tksfy dth ufbnfylf7 cfidtkfl<br />

cffrfidbkc vbvfhsf8<br />

lbf[7 ufhtubyvf cffrfidbksfy<br />

it[dtlhbc itvltu cfmfhsdtkj<br />

lfnjdf7 cffrfidbkbc<br />

]b,bc gfhkfvtynb rb<br />

cek hfvltybvt lqtib iteluf<br />

cjvt[sf rfsjkbrjcbc<br />

lfdfkt,bc itchekt,fc 2<br />

htkbubehb ufthsbfyt,t,bc<br />

itcf[t, f[fkb rfyjybc ufvjw[j,fc8<br />

chekbfl cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

rfsjkbrjc-gfnhbfhmvf7<br />

eovbyltcvf lf eytnfhtcvf<br />

hjujhw cffrfidbkc7 fctdt<br />

gfhkfvtynbc otdht,c vbvfhsf7<br />

hjv fh txmfhfs fv rfyjybc<br />

vbqt,f lf cfgfnhbfhmjcsfy7<br />

mfhsekb trktcbbc<br />

ovbylf cbyjlsfy itsfy-<br />

[vt,bc ufhtit fh uflftlufs<br />

yf,b]b fv vbvfhsekt,bs8<br />

fhw cffrfidbkvf lf fhw<br />

vbcvf ]b,bc gfhkfvtynvf .ehb<br />

fh fs[jdf cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

rfsjkbrjc-gfnhbfhmbc s[jdyfc7<br />

fqfchekf cjvt[sf gfnhbfhmbc<br />

vjs[jdyf lf vbbqj<br />

rfyjyb7 hjvkbsfw mfhsek<br />

vfhskvflblt,tk trktcbfc<br />

ufesfyf,hf htkbubehb evwbhtcj,t,b<br />

lf ctmnt,b8<br />

mfhsekb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

trktcbbc fdnjrtafkbbc<br />

[tk.jafc *_-vf gfhkfvtynfhvf<br />

lfezbhf v[fhb=<br />

vfs vbth vbqt,ek fynbvfhskvflblt,keh<br />

rfyjyc bvfdt<br />

lqtc vjfothf [tkb cffrfidbkvf=<br />

CFFRFIDBKVF<br />

MFHSEKB<br />

TRKTCBBC<br />

FDNJRTAFKBF<br />

[TK.J=<br />

LBF[7 CFFRFIDBKBC<br />

HT;BVB BO.T,C<br />

UFLFVO.DTN ,H'JKFC<br />

ERFYFCRYTKB MFHSEKB<br />

,FCNBJYBC ITCFVECHFL=<br />

UFLFVO.DTNB ,H'JKF<br />

f[kf rb cffrfidbkbc fynbmfhsekb<br />

lf fynbvfhskvflblt,kehb<br />

ht;bvb sfdbc ujrf<br />

uf,fidbkt,bs7 ,jwj obrkfeht,bsf<br />

lf c[df afhbctdtkhtytufnt,bs<br />

mfhsekb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

trktcbbcfsdbc<br />

rbltd thsb lfhn.vbc vbcf.tyt,kfl<br />

tvpflt,f8<br />

lbf[7 cffrfidbkbc [tkbceakt,f<br />

[tkitrhekt,fc<br />

fajhvt,c sehmtsbc vsfdhj-<br />

,fcsfy7 hjvkbc sfyf[vflfw7<br />

sehmtsvf ,fsevib cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

lfvg.hj,tkb jcvfktsbc<br />

bvgthbbc ceksybc f,lekf<br />

fpbpbtc cf[tkj,bc vtxtsb eylf<br />

ffityjc8<br />

tc ghjwtcbw mfhsekb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

trktcbbc bynthtct,bc<br />

chekb buyjhbht-<br />

,bs7 cfmfhsdtkjc cfgfnhbfhmjc<br />

gjpbwbbc chekb euekt,tk.jabs<br />

vbvlbyfhtj,c8<br />

lbf[7 vbe[tlfdfl bvbcf7<br />

hjv cfmfhsdtkjc cfgfnhbfhmj<br />

,fsevib vtxtsbc fityt,bc<br />

obyffqvltubf lf bv<br />

cfahs[tt,pt cfe,hj,c7 hfcfw<br />

fzfhfib jcvfktsbc lfv-<br />

.hj,tkb bvgthbbc ceksybc<br />

cf[tkj,bc vtxtsbc fut,f itbwfdc7<br />

vbe[tlfdfl bvbcf7<br />

hjv mfhsdtkb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

vhtdkbcf lf fzfhbc<br />

veckbvfyb vjcf[ktj,bcsdbcfw<br />

vbeqt,tkbf sehmtsbc<br />

cf[tkvobajc vbth ,fsevib<br />

vtxtsbc uf[cyf7 cffrfidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,f<br />

erfy lf[tdfc fh fgbht,c lf<br />

vpfl fhbc7 rbltd thsb yf,b-<br />

]b uflflufc mfhsekb trktcbbcf<br />

lf cf[tkvobajt,hbj-<br />

,bc obyffqvltu=<br />

lbf[7 cffrfidbkbc [tkbceakt,f<br />

mfhsekb vfhskvflblt,tkb<br />

cfvjwbmekj fdnjrtafkehb<br />

trktcbbcfsdbc rbltd<br />

thsb lfhn.vbc vbcf.tyt,kfl<br />

tvpflt,f=<br />

lbf[7 cffrfidbkbc ht;bvb<br />

bo.t,c uflfvo.dtn ,h’jkfc<br />

erfyfcrytkb mfhsekb ,fcnbjybc<br />

itcfvechfl=<br />

@_!@ okbc $ vfhnc<br />

,fsevib7 pecnfl bv<br />

flubkfc7 cflfw sehmtsbc<br />

[tkbceakt,f cffrfidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,bc sfy[vj,bs<br />

ceksfy fpbpbtc cf[tkj,bc<br />

vtxtsbc fityt,fc fgbht,c7<br />

obhdf-kjwdf ufbvfhst,f8<br />

32 vteat lbvbnhbc<br />

rehs[tdff7 hjv .jdtkb<br />

mhbcnbfyb vjdbltc lf<br />

lftcohjc fv obhdfc8<br />

efvhfdb [fk[b xfvjlbc<br />

c[df tgfhmbt,blfy48 2 tc<br />

vbvfhsdf cjwbfkeh mctk<br />

3atbc,emib4 ufdhwtklf8<br />

VFHSKFW >JDTKB<br />

MHBCNBFYBC7<br />

CFMFHSDTKJC >DTKF<br />

GFNHBJNBC DFKBF7<br />

GHJNTCNB UFVJEW{FLJC<br />

CFFRFIDBKBC HT:BVBC<br />

VJHBU<br />

FYNBVFHSKVFLBLT


GFHKFVTYNFHBC CBN.DF<br />

WFUTHVF CFFRFIDBKB EREFULJ=<br />

2 ktx[evib lf fhfvfhnj ktx[evib7<br />

cffdflv.jaj lf thsb hjvtkb ktx[evtkb ukt[b<br />

uffahs[bktc7 hjv ghtpblty- AF LF TC B.J ITUYT,EKB<br />

vskbfyfl xdtyc mdt.fyfib 3yfwbjyfkehb<br />

fv,ekfnjhbf8 f[kf it’kt,c bm itcdkfc0 .dtkfpt<br />

nbc dbpbnbc lhjc fvfpt fhf- MVTLT,F8 VFC /UJYBF7 HJV<br />

vj’hfj,f4 fvsfdht,c sfdbc ifd,ytk<br />

fitylf v[jkjl !%-cf- cfbynthtcj bc fhbc7 hjv tc<br />

athb tsmdfs8 vtnbw7 tmbvt,c HTUBJYT,IB W[JDHJ,C VTojkbfyb7<br />

hjvtkbw vb- cffdflv.jaj erdt vtcfvt sdtf7<br />

es[htc7 hjv ufcekb okbc JHT[FHBC[JDFYB [FK[B7<br />

cfmvbfyj,fc lf ghtpbltynbc tc<br />

ybvevfvlt dth frvf.j- uf[cybkbf7 vfuhfv vbifv bv<br />

[tkafct,c dth vbbqt,ty8 fye HJVTKSFW ITE’KBF7 BCT<br />

djbf;t,bw utlbc cbvqthf uf[kfds<br />

abkt,c vjs[jdyt,c8 lqtc [tkf[kf uf[cyf8 hj-<br />

cflfpqdtdj rjvgfybbc vtcdte- VJTMWTC7 HJUJHW W[DHBC<br />

cbrdlbkbc oby= 2 ufyfw[flf wfuthbc<br />

sfy thsb qfvbc ufstujhw ubs[fhbs7 ityj,fib<br />

ht,b vjyt,fl sdkbfy xdtyc AFHFC8 ERFWHFDFL7 ,FNJdf<br />

#% kfhb qbhc lf erdt cf[ehfdblfy o.fkb xf-<br />

tmbvt,c lf e[tkafcjl fveif- YJ VB[TBK LF 3YFWVJTKTvf;jhbnfhvf<br />

ltgenfnvf rfhkj<br />

lbc7 hfcfw7 c[dfsfijhbc7<br />

dt,ty8 tc [jv rhbvbyfkbf= ,J47 KTX[EVTKB [FK[B ITrjgfkbfyvf7<br />

vfc<br />

htynutybc fgfhfnb ittobhf7<br />

2 cffrfidbkb @_-kfhbf- CFYBIYFDFL VB[DLF FV ITEitvltu7<br />

hfw sfdbc<br />

fh fhbc ufs,j,f7 gfwbtyntyb<br />

dfextht,bc lfhbut,fc fgb- HFW[.JAFC LF FYUFHBIC<br />

,b evfnhfcj7 ibidtk cfojht,c8<br />

dthw fvbs vjbut,c ktx- FHXTDYT,PT UFUBCOJHT,S=<br />

hfbjyib vihjvtkt,bcfufy<br />

kt,pt eotds8 cflfpqdtdj<br />

[evtkt,bc uekc0<br />

2 hfc abmhj,ty ktx[ev-<br />

buyjhbht,ekb<br />

rjvgfybf 3fb cb ]ueabc4 vtc-<br />

2 cffrfidbkvf lf vbcvf ht- tkt,b ,b’byf bdfybidbkpt0<br />

cffrfidbkb b[bkf5<br />

dteht,c fvbc ufvj7 fye ktx-<br />

;bvvf @_-kfhbfyb dfextht,b rb 2 vbe[tlfdfl bv cfbyajh-<br />

[evtkb [fk[bc f,exfl fultfhf7<br />

fsfc-fsfcb ljkfhb hjv vfwbj dfreevbcf7 hjvtkibw<br />

,bc ufvj dbhbc f,fyjib eylf<br />

lfehbujc wfuthkt,c7 vfbyw tc ht;bvb fv.jat,c [fk[c +wf-<br />

erhfy sfdb8 rbltd thsb7 vb-<br />

fh vbcwtvty [vfc8 aekc fbqt- uthib v[jkjl 3gbhdtkb fhifc<br />

lf vbcb 3yfwbjyfkehb<br />

,ty7 hflufy tc aekb fv [fk- [b4 lf 3hecsfdb-@4 vfeo.t,-<br />

vj’hfj,bc4 fphbs7 f[fkb cf-<br />

[bc .dktabs fhbc yfijdyb7 kj,c‘7 ktx[evtkt,vf vfsb lffdflv.jajt,bc<br />

uf[cybs [fk[c<br />

[vfc rb fh vbcwtvty8 xdtyb [fk- vjrblt,ekt,f fv gbhjdyt,bc<br />

fcfmvt,ty8 fhflf7 gbhbmbs [lt-<br />

[b ,h’tybf= vfy fdfycfl ufcwf vbvfhs bv #%__ [tkvjothbs<br />

,f8 wfuthbc hfbjyib @_-pt vt-<br />

ylj,f 3yfwbjyfkehb vj’hf- lfflfcnehtc7 ,fnjyb bdfybinb<br />

vtllf lfnjdtc kervfgej,bc4<br />

vbvfhs8 bcbyb rb ,jlbdbkbcsdbc vjmfkfmtj,bc lf,hbc<br />

ufhtit8 tmbvt,c vbeqt,tibcf<br />

lf itwljvt,bc fqbfht- heyt,bc vjs[jdybs hjv itkb<br />

fmds ufcekb okbc [tk-<br />

,bc yfwdkfl wlbkj,ty7 [ffuhjdtc8 [jkj bv lqtc vbifc<br />

afct,b8 bcbyb lfb,fhtc gjk[c<br />

sdfkib yfwfhb itf.fhjy8 vbnbyupt [fk[ib 3mfhsekb<br />

kbwbfib lf rfntujhbekfl<br />

BV LQTC GBHFLFL VB[TBK jwyt,bc4 @___-vlt ,erktnb<br />

CFFRFIDBKVF KTX[EVTK lfbnfwtc8 dabmhj,7 fvbs .dt-<br />

[FK[C VBF.TYF ITEHFW[.J- kfathbf yfsmdfvb8<br />

RFHKJ RJGFKBFYB5<br />

ktx[evb bwkt,f8 otkboflib<br />

v[jkjl @_-@% ,fdidb b,f-<br />

CFFRFIDBKBC HFBJYEKB<br />

lt,f7 vfiby hjwf @%_-vlt flfvbfyb<br />

vblbc fvmdt.yblfy8 fhfdbc<br />

fbynthtct,c htubjyt,b8<br />

3ufpb .dtkf cjatkcj4 lf uf-<br />

DJBF;T,B UTLBC CBVQTHF<br />

pb rb fhf7 itifc dth zhbc ktx-<br />

[evtkb ukt[b n.tib7 zbujc<br />

dth zhbc7 dtyf[c hjv lfe.tyjc7<br />

dbc fxemtc tc n.tt,b7 fhf-<br />

UF[KFDS CBRDLBKBC OBY=<br />

dby bwbc8 lfmwtekbf cjakbc<br />

vtehytj,f7 vbot,bc %_<br />

ghjwtynb lfeveifdt,tkb<br />

hxt,f7 hfbjyc v[jkjl @<br />

nhfmnjhb vbcwtc7 lfyfhxtyb<br />

fjhsmklf8 fhfdbc czbhlt,f<br />

bctsb 'dbhafcb ]bibc .eh’tyb7<br />

hjujhbwff 3ecf[tkfehb4<br />

lf 3j]fktib48 hfbjyib lfvto.hbkbf<br />

)__-vlt cf[kb7 fmtlfy<br />

$__ lfyuhtekbf lf [fk[b<br />

hfvltybvt otkbf7 tkjlt,f<br />

rjvgtycfwbfc8 vjrktl7 ghj,ktvt,b<br />

bvltybf7 hjv fv ths<br />

bynthdbeib dth xfdntds8 CF-<br />

FRFIDBKVF KTX[EVIB VBCB<br />

,JKJ CNEVHJ,BS 3YFW-<br />

VJ’HFJ,BC4 ,JKJ KEH-<br />

CVFYB XFFZTLF8 KTX[EVTK-<br />

SF LBL YFOBKC UFWYJ,B-<br />

THT,EKB FMDC7 HJV BV E,T-<br />

LEHT,BLFY7 HJVTKIBW<br />

BCBYB 3YFWVJ’HFJ,FV4 LF<br />

VBCVF ,TKFLVF XF.FHF7 V[J-<br />

KJL LF V[JKJL ,B’BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKC7 VBC GJKBNB-<br />

REH 'FKFC ITE’KBF7 FVJ-<br />

B.DFYJC8 FVBNJV VT UGBH-<br />

LT,BS7 WFUTHIB FHXTDYT,C<br />

VJBUT,C 3MFHSEKB JWYT-<br />

,F4 LF VJBUT,C LBLB FY-<br />

UFHBIBS7 HFIBW7 HF SMVF<br />

EYLF7 VSFDFH HJKC [FK-<br />

[B BSFVFIT,C8<br />

lf,jkjc7 vbylf7 smdtyb ufptsbc<br />

cfiefkt,bs vbdvfhsj<br />

xtvc ktx[evtkt,c 2<br />

.JXFQ7<br />

WFUTHKT,J=<br />

2 cffrfidbkvf bnhf,f[f ufhtvjynt,ekb<br />

crjkt,bs<br />

+sevwf7 cfrbs[fdbf7 dbc vbth<br />

fhbc ufhtvjynt,ekb‘7 vfuhfv<br />

fv crjkt,ib dbcb idbkt-<br />

,bw cofdkj,ty7 vfs [jv bwbfy7<br />

hjv ,fdidt,bw lf gtlfujut,bw<br />

b.byt,bfy8 cffrfidbkbc<br />

cfyfmt,j fdnjvfubcnhfkt,pt<br />

fcafknb vtjht otkcdt b.ht-<br />

,f7 vbc vbth fityt,ek cffdflv.jajt,ib<br />

uf[cyblfy @ rdbhfib<br />

o.fkb xfvjdblf7 htynutybc<br />

fgfhfnb lfbodf7 ufs-<br />

,j,f cfthsjl fh fhbc lf<br />

gfwbtynt,bw lf tmbvt,bw b.byt,bfy8<br />

vbifc yfmt, o.fkcfltyib<br />

o.fkb hjv fh vjlbc<br />

lf hfbjyb o.ehdbkbs b[hxj,f7<br />

tctw bwbc [fk[vf8 o.fkb<br />

v[jkjl vbifc cnevhj-<br />

,bc lhjc xfhstc lf [fk[b<br />

b’f[lf 2 v[jkjl tc thsb cbrtst<br />

uffrtsf sfdbcb cnevhj-<br />

,bs7 wfuthib # lqt o.fkb<br />

udmjylfj8 fvbnjv fh c]thf<br />

[fk[c fv vfn.efhf [tkbceakt,bc8<br />

2 bsmdf7 hjv itrht,bkvf<br />

vjcf[ktj,fv vbifc bctsb<br />

it[dtlhf fh vjeo.j7<br />

hjujhcfw tkjlf7 fye 3vbif-vbifc4<br />

'f[bkbs fh it[dlyty<br />

lf fvbnjvfw ghtpbltynvf<br />

ktx[evb ufyfo.tyt-<br />

,ekvf lfnjdf888<br />

2 hfw ptvjs vjub.tdbs7<br />

.jdtkbdt bvbc itvltu7 f,f7 hfc<br />

tkjlf7 hjujh lf[dlt,jlyty<br />

'fkbs vb.dfybkb flfvbfyt,b0=<br />

idtbwfhbbc vcufdc mdt.fyfpt<br />

tkfgfhfrf bcts ufzbhdt,ek<br />

[fk[c7 ]b,tib eabknhj cbufhtnbc<br />

aekb hjv fhf fmdc<br />

lf cf[kib vbceks v[jkjl<br />

wbdb vzflb [dlt,fs8 FVBNJ-<br />

VFW IT[DLF VSTKB HFBJ-<br />

YB CBXEVBS7 VT DBN.JLB7<br />

FDBCVJVFCOFDT,TKB CBXE-<br />

VBS7 LBLB MFHBI[FKBC<br />

OBY HJV BWBC [JKVT8 TC<br />

MFHBI[FKB HJV UFHLFE-<br />

DFKBF LF FVFS HJV FQU-<br />

DBC VFKT GBHBCFUFY VBOB-<br />

CF7 VTSFY[VT,BS7 FK,FS8<br />

wfuthib vbifcsdbc [tkt,b<br />

fhfdbc lferjwybf lf fh fe.dfybfs<br />

wfib cfvflkj,tkb<br />

cbn.dt,bs8 smdty ofhvjblubyts7<br />

,fdidt,vfw rb efhb smdtc7<br />

vjyfobktj,f vbtqjs fv ijeib<br />

lf 3vbif-vbif4 t.dbhfs8<br />

sfvfvfl itvb’kbf dsmdf7<br />

hjv wfuthkt,vf cfvjmfkfmj<br />

uvbhj,bc njkafcb mvtlt,f<br />

xfblbytc7 sfdbfysb levbkbs<br />

vbifc .dtkfathb es[htc8<br />

itcf,fvbcfl7 ghtpbltynvf<br />

ervf.jabkjv lfnjdf hfbjyb8<br />

tc bmblfyfw vnrbwlt,f7<br />

hjv vtcfvt lqtc wfuthib xfvjdblf<br />

n.b,ekbc vf;jhbnfhb<br />

ltgenfnb gfkbrj re,kfidbkb8<br />

dbabmht7 fk,fs7<br />

lffdfktc7 [fk[c it[dlb lf<br />

hfbjybc obyfit vlufhb<br />

ghj,ktvt,b itbcofdktj8 vfuhfv<br />

yehfc erfwhfdfl7 ghj,ktvt,pt<br />

rb fhf7 itrhb,f ufvutj,f7<br />

cfrht,ekjc sfyfvihjvkt,b<br />

lf rfntujhbekb<br />

njybs vjcs[jdf fhxtdyt,bc<br />

vjut,f yt,bcvbthb [th[bs8<br />

2 ghtpbltynvf wfuthib<br />

htf,bkbnbht,ekb cffdflv.jaj<br />

uf[cyf8 hjujhbf afct,b7<br />

fhbc se fhf bc [tkvbcfodljvb<br />

flubkj,hbdb vjcf[ktj,bcsdbc0<br />

2 wfuthbc hfbjyc ]th rbltd<br />

rjveybcnt,bc lhjblfy<br />

tvcf[eht,jlf %%-cfojkbfyb<br />

18<br />

3BV LQTC GBHFLFL<br />

VB[TBK CFFRFIDBKVF<br />

KTX[EVTK [FK[C<br />

VBF.TYF ITEHFW[.JAF<br />

LF TC B.J ITUYT,EKB<br />

MVTLT,F8 VFC /UJYBF7<br />

HJV HTUBJYT,IB<br />

W[JDHJ,C<br />

VTJHT[FHBC[JDFYB<br />

[FK[B7 HJVTKSFW<br />

ITE’KBF7 BCT VJTMWTC7<br />

HJUJHW W[DHBC AFHFC8<br />

ERFWHFDFL7 ,FNJYJ<br />

VB[TBK LF<br />

3YFWVJTKT,J47<br />

KTX[EVTKB [FK[B<br />

ITCFYBIYFDFL VB[DLF FV<br />

ITEHFW[.JAFC LF<br />

FYUFHBIC FHXTDYT,PT<br />

UFUBCOJHT,S=4<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

se [tkbceakt,f<br />

bdfybidbkc<br />

[tkc ecfvfhskj<br />

upt,bs iteikbc7<br />

,evthfyubdbs lfe,heylt,f8<br />

lblb mdtkvjmvtlb<br />

lf vtofhvt<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkb<br />

lfegbhbcgbhlf<br />

[fpbybc mehlt,bc<br />

fdnjhbnfhek ht;bvc8<br />

3yfwbjyfkehb vj’hfj,f4 cfgfhkfvtynj<br />

fhxtdyt,ib sfdbcsdbc flubkt,bc ^%~-bc ufajhvt,fc<br />

utuvfdc8 lfyfhxtyb #%~-bs eylfs7<br />

hjv ,fhbthb uflffkf[dbyjy 3mhbcnbfy-ltvjrhfnt,c4<br />

lf ktb,jhbcnt,c8<br />

3HTPJYFYCB4<br />

GTNHT VFVHF’T<br />

gfhkfvtynfhb<br />

UBJHUB UEUFDF<br />

ktb,jhbcnekb gfhnbbc<br />

gjkbnbrehb vlbdfyb<br />

cjdlfufhb<br />

cffrfidbkb ehw[dfl<br />

ufyfuh-<br />

’j,c ew[j mdt-<br />

.ybc vjmfkfmtt,pt<br />

xdtyb nthbnjhbt,bc<br />

uf-<br />

.bldf-ufxemt-<br />

,fc7 hbc ufvjw<br />

mfhsek vbot,c<br />

xbytkt,b7 fhf,t,b7 sehmt,b7 byljtkt,b lf<br />

c[df njvtkt,b tgfnhjyt,bfy8 se fct ufuh-<br />

’tklf7 mfhsdtkb ukt[bc cfw[jdhbcc uflfvsbtkb<br />

lftgfnhjyt,f lf xdtycfdt mdt.fyfib<br />

vjyt,fl dbmwtdbs8<br />

3F[FKB SFJ,F4<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

UBF .HEFIDBKB<br />

3sfdbceafkb cfmfhsdtkjc4<br />

otdhb<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

yjyf ,tyltkbfyb<br />

uehfv ljyf’tc lf[dlf dbyvt<br />

mexfib lf lfyf ufe.fhf bvbcsdbc7<br />

hjv ufs[jdbkb rfwbf0 gfhkfvtynfhvf<br />

sfvfp ubjhuf’tv<br />

ljyf’tc hjv .ehb feobf7 vstkb<br />

cfmfhsdtkj fvbc ufvj at[pt<br />

lfluf lf ljyf’tv hfvltyb<br />

j]f[b uffe,tlehf0 cfylhj ubhudkbfyb<br />

lf ,enf hj,fmb’t dby<br />

vjrkf7 uehfv ljyf’tv fh vjrkf0=<br />

itb’kt,f7 gbhflfl fh ec-<br />

dhbf7 vfuhfv [jv sfdblfy ,jkjvlt vjyfobktj,lf vfu fv-<br />

,fdib0 vfufy its[pf tc cwtyfhb=88 dth ufdbut7 rfwj7 tct bub7<br />

tctyb ufs[jdbkt,bw eylf b.dyty7 gtlthfcnt,bw eylf b.dyty7<br />

rfyjybw fvfs eylf bwfdltc lf xdty fhfathb eylf udbwfdltc0<br />

3FKBF4


mdt.fyfib vbvlbyfht<br />

vjdktyt,pt lf<br />

gjkbnbrehb rjfkbwbf<br />

3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4 vbth<br />

uflfluvek yf,b]t,pt<br />

dtcfe,ht,bs .jabk<br />

cf[fk[j lfvwdtkc7<br />

;ehyfkbcn yfyf<br />

ltdlfhbfyc5<br />

2 mfk,fnjyj yfyf7 bctd<br />

yb/bkbcnehfl e.eht,s<br />

3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4 gjkbnbreh<br />

rjfkbwbfc0<br />

2 yb/bkbcnehfl rb fhf7<br />

ghjatcbekb sdfkbs de.eht,888<br />

thsb lf jhb lqt fh d.jabkdfh<br />

vfu cfmvtib lf 'fkbfy<br />

rfhufl dbwb7 hjujhw lut-<br />

,f rjfkbwbt,b lf ,kjrt,b888<br />

itltut,bf vsfdfhb lf fhf v[jkjl<br />

cbn.dbthb ufyw[flt,t-<br />

,b888<br />

2 bct7 dblht rjfkbwbbc<br />

yt,bcvbthb ce,btmnbc rhbnbrfc<br />

lfbo.t,s7 ,fnjyb ,b-<br />

’byf bdfybidbkbc .ehflcfqt,<br />

ufyw[flt,fc ituf[ctyt,s7<br />

hjltcfw vfy vrfabjl<br />

ufyfw[flf7 hjv rjfkbwbfib<br />

itvfdfkb yt,bcvbthb ce,btmnbc<br />

rhbnbrfc bub vskbfyfl<br />

3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4<br />

rhbnbrfl fqbmdfvc8<br />

2 VTHT HF0 LF HFC YBI-<br />

YFDC VBCB TC UFYW[FLT,F0<br />

VT LF ITY FQFHFDBY EYLF<br />

UFDFRHBNBRJS7 HJV ,F-<br />

NJYVF ,B"BYFV SFDBC SFD-<br />

PT FH VBBQJC0 .dtkf7 vfs<br />

ijhbc7 rjfkbwbfib itvfdfkb<br />

ce,btmnt,bw cfresfhb gjkbnbrehb<br />

,bjuhfabbs vjlbfy<br />

lf fdfl se rfhufl7 .dtkf<br />

fctsb gfhnbbcf se gjkbnbrjcbc<br />

vbvfhs cfpjufljt,bc<br />

ufhrdtek atyt,c cfresfhb<br />

lfvjrblt,ekt,f uffxybfs888<br />

vtncfw utn.dbs5 HTCGE,-<br />

KBRTKT,C BC RHBNBRF7 HF<br />

RHBNBRBSFW EGBHBCGBHLT-<br />

,BFY VFDFYYB VFS7 UF/.DT-<br />

,FS VSTKB FHCT,J,BC<br />

VFY’BKPT= .dtkfpt 'dtkb gfhnbf<br />

.dtkfpt vtn itwljvfc<br />

eidt,c lf eylf ittuejy fvfc7<br />

vbs eahj7 fhw sfdfl ,h’fylt,bfy<br />

qdsbehb ztivfhbnt-<br />

,bc vfnfht,tkyb=<br />

2 bhfrkb jmhefidbkvf<br />

levbkb lfegbhbcgbhf bdfybidbkbc<br />

ueylbc v[hblfy<br />

ofvjcek rhbnbrfc7 hfsf7<br />

vbcbdt cbn.dt,bs se dbn-<br />

.dbs7 3bhb,fl se gbhlfgbh7<br />

[tkb fh iteifkjc bdfybidbkc<br />

ofhvfhnt,fib4888<br />

2 c[dt,bcufy ufyc[dfdt,bs7<br />

vt thsb gkecb vfmdc 2 sfdc<br />

eakt,fc df’ktd7 fhfyfbh<br />

gjkbnbreh rjybeymnehfc<br />

fh ufdeobj fyufhbib888<br />

2 ,b’byf bdfybidbkbcsdbc7<br />

bkbfc tybs se dbn.dbs7<br />

[ibhfl fgbht,s 3cfhrbc vbnfyfc40<br />

2 xtvc w[jdht,fib b.j thsb<br />

fctsb tgbpjlb8 hjwf FC-<br />

KFY F,FIB"TC fdnjhbnfhekb<br />

ht;bvbc fhct,j,bc ufvj<br />

frhbnbrt,lyty lf hjwf<br />

3FQJH"BYT,FV4 cfghtpbltynj<br />

rfylblfnfl ]EV,TH GF-<br />

NBFIDBKB lffcf[tkf7 vt gbhlfgbh<br />

ufydfw[flt7 hjv gfnbfidbkc<br />

v[fhc fh lfdezthlb=<br />

tc b.j xtvb ghbywbgekb gjpbwbf888<br />

vfhsfkb db.fdb se<br />

fhf7 tc c[df stvff888<br />

UBJHUB<br />

UF,FIDBKB<br />

gfhkfvtynfhb<br />

2 hf b.j7 [jv fh yfyj,s0<br />

2 fhf7 fhf888 cbyfyekbc ufvj<br />

fh dfv,j, fvfc888 vfiby gfnbfidbkbc<br />

inf,bc otdht,vf<br />

vbcf.dtlehtc 2 ityb ufyw[flt,bs<br />

fhxtdyt,b offut,byt gfnbfidbkcj888<br />

fhflf7 hf des-<br />

[fhb ghtpbltynj,bc bcts rfylblfnc7<br />

se vt thsb ufyw[flt,bs<br />

itvb’kbf vbcb lfvfhw[t,f888<br />

fctf lqtcfw8 jmhefidbkbc<br />

ufyw[flt,fw bvfdtc vfujyt,c8<br />

se vbc ufyw[flt,t,c<br />

ite’kbf7 fhxtdyt,b offut,byjc<br />

bdfybidbkc7 dth .jabkf<br />

3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4 cfmvt rfhufl888<br />

e,hfkjl7 JMHEFIDB-<br />

KB TVJWBEHB RFWBF LF7<br />

FK,FS7 FQFH CEHC7 RDKFD<br />

SFDC LFTC[FY7 FRHBNBRJY<br />

LF CFPBPQHJ,T,B E’F[JY<br />

LF ITCF’KJF7 FVBNJVFW<br />

FHXTDC LEVBKC888 VT FHFDB-<br />

SFH ITVS[DTDFIB FH UFD-<br />

XEVLT,B=<br />

2 bct7 smdtyb ufvrdbhdt-<br />

,bf888 hjujh abmhj,s7 seylfw<br />

jmhefidbkc lqtcfw fh<br />

tmyt,f dbyvtcsdbc ofvjcf’f-<br />

[t,tkb rjvghjvfnb uflfyf-<br />

[ekb0 ,jkj-,jkj7 pehf,<br />

;dfybfc ufhlfwdfkt,bc lhjc<br />

bub ]th rbltd cffrfidbkbcsdbc<br />

vbcfqt, rfwfl bsdkt,jlf888<br />

2 fh ufvjdhbw[fd7 sevwf7<br />

DBYFBLFY7 JMHEFIDBKBC-<br />

UFY UFYC[DFDT,BS7 XTVSDBC<br />

FHFDBC FHFATHB FMDC OF-<br />

VJCF’F[T,TKB7 VT DBKFGF-<br />

HFRT, LF DBN.DB BVFC7<br />

HFCFW DABMHJ,= bct7 se jmhefidbkvf<br />

hfvt bwbc lf fh<br />

fv,j,c7 ths vidtybth lqtc<br />

itb’kt,f lflutc cfrbs[b7<br />

hjv vbcb v[hblfy flubkb<br />

/mjylf lfyfifekbc lfafhdfc8<br />

2 3mfhsek jwyt,fc47<br />

smdtyufy ufyc[dfdt,bs7 bvtlbs<br />

e.eht,c cfpjufljt-<br />

,f888<br />

2 VBVFXYLF LF VBVFXYBF7<br />

HJV DBQFWFV TC 3ZFJ,B4<br />

EYLF ITFY]QHBJC LF ,B-<br />

’BYF BDFYBIDBKC BC CBVFH-<br />

SKT EYLF ES[HFC7 HBCB<br />

UFUT,FW LF WJLYFW VBC-<br />

SDBC FHBC FEWBKT,TKB<br />

LF7 ITCF,FVBCFL 2 XTVB<br />

MDT.YBC ERTSTCB VJVFD-<br />

KBCFSDBC= VSTKB LFHN.-<br />

VF VBDBQT CFRESFH SFDPT<br />

LF F[KFW VBVFXYBF7 HJV<br />

COJHFL VJDBMTWB= VTNBW5<br />

SMDTYC UFPTSIB LF,TZ-<br />

LBK VBC BYNTHDBEIB 'F-<br />

KBFY YFSKFL UFVJXYLF7<br />

HJV VFY ,TDHB HFV FH BWBC<br />

LF 'FKBFY HSEKBF FCTS<br />

ITVS[DTDFIB VCUFDC UFVJO-<br />

YFYF LTDLFHBFYB5<br />

FH UFVBRDBHLT,F7 CFFRFIDBKBC<br />

EDBWVF XBYJDYBRT,VF CFFHXTDYJ<br />

VJCFODTDB ,F,EFXTVBC7<br />

!)** OTKC UFHLFWDKBKB<br />

RFSFKBRJC-GFNHBFHMBC<br />

LFDBS VT[ESBC CF[TKPTW<br />

HJV UFVJUPFDYJY=<br />

3SE CFFRFIDBKVF LFBYF[F7 HJV<br />

BDFYBIDBKBC HTBNBYUVF PHLF LFBO.J7<br />

VFIBY BC YFVLDBKFL LFYBIYFDC<br />

DFLFVLTK CFGFHKFVTYNJ FHXTDYT,C=4<br />

tzdb vtgfht,f7 bdfybidbkvf<br />

sfdbc vbpfyc vbfqobjc lf [vt-<br />

,bc jhb vtcfvtlb fbqjc8 xtvb dfhfelbs7<br />

bdfybidbkb vjf[ltyc<br />

'bhbsflb jgjpbwbehb [vt,bc<br />

itvjrht,fc lf lfyfhxtyb jgjpbwbbc<br />

xfvjnjdt,fc7 vbybvev7<br />

vtcfvt flubkpt8 hf smvf eylf7<br />

.,fib vjlt,f7 veinb-rhbdb lf<br />

fhtekj,f mdt.fyfib fhwths<br />

itvs[dtdfib fh bmyt,f8 fhxtdyt,b fh uf.fk,lt,f lf fvbc vtht7<br />

dbc hf htfmwbf tmyt,f lf dby vbflut,f vfrhfnkbs sfdbc<br />

vfylfnt,c7 tc vbcb uflfcfo.dtnbf8<br />

3DTHCBF4<br />

vb[tbk cffrfidbkb[tkbceakt,bcvfhsdblfy<br />

fh ofdf8<br />

[tkbceakt,bc7<br />

fye ghtpbltynbc’fkfeakt,bc<br />

uflfwtvf c[df<br />

gbhjdyt,fpt<br />

vj[lt,f8 tc bsdkt,f<br />

fvthbrfib [tkbceakt,bc uflfwtvfl8<br />

itb’kt,f7 bm ghtpbltynb bctd bv gfhnbblfy<br />

uf[ltc dbyvt7 vfuhfv tc vfbyw bsdkt,f<br />

[tkbceakt,bc uflfwtvfl8<br />

RJ,F [F,FPB<br />

gfhkfvtynfhb<br />

3CFHRT4<br />

STVEH<br />

VBHBFYFIDBKB<br />

itdfhlf’bc .jabkb<br />

vhxtdtkb<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

;EHYFKBCNBC SDFKBS<br />

3DBYFBLFY7<br />

JMHEF-<br />

IDBKBCUFY<br />

UFYC[DFDT,BS7<br />

XTVSDBC<br />

FHFDBC<br />

FHFATHB<br />

FMDC<br />

OFVJCF-<br />

’F[T,TKB7 VT<br />

DBKFGFHFRT,<br />

LF DBN.DB<br />

BVFC7 HFCFW<br />

DABMHJ,=4<br />

fv ub;vf lf<br />

fhfyjhvfkehvf<br />

fvltyb [ybc<br />

ufyvfdkj,fib<br />

itbyfhxeyf 'fkfeakt,f7vfuhfv<br />

lqtc ute,yt,bs5<br />

lbl-<br />

[fyc dtqfh itbyfhxeyt,c8<br />

.dtkf xtvb<br />

3obyfcofhvtn.dtkt,f4 f[lf lf tctw f[lt,f<br />

2 bdfybidbkb ufbvfh]dt,c7 fvfib tzdb fh vtgfht,f8<br />

3CFTHSJ UFPTSB4<br />

DTDT,SFY ,H’JKF8<br />

2 ktdfy ,th’tybidbkbc<br />

vbvfhs ufvjsmvek ahfpt,c<br />

uekbc[vj,s0<br />

2 fhf v[jkjl888 bm vcufdcb<br />

fhfthsb gfcf;b b.j7 hjwf ,fnjyb<br />

,b’byf ufjwt,ekb xfutrbs[t,jlfs<br />

[jkvt 2 3yese<br />

tc vfhskf fct b.j0=4888 tc<br />

erdt ,tdhc ybiyfdc888 sevwf7<br />

hfcfw dth lfderfhufds 2 bc<br />

'fkbfy ybzbthb rfwbf7 fkqjbfyb888<br />

ibuybsfw cohfa wdkbkt,t,c<br />

f[jhwbtkt,c7 hfw<br />

rfhubf888 vfc fh ezbhc uflfo.dtnbkt,t,bc<br />

vbqt,f lf hfqfwt,c<br />

wdkbc888 bct7 SE CFF-<br />

RFIDBKVF LFBYF[F7 HJV<br />

BDFYBIDBKBC HTBNBYUVF<br />

PHLF LFBO.J7 VFIBY BC YFV-<br />

LDBKFL LFYBIYFDC DFLFV-<br />

LTK CFGFHKFVTYNJ FHXTD-<br />

YT,C=<br />

2 lf fhxtdyt,bc uf.fk,t-<br />

,bc itvs[dtdfib7 bdfybidbkvf<br />

vpfl.jayfw ufvjsmdf 2<br />

mexfib ufvjcdkbcrty vjeojljc<br />

[fk[c888<br />

2 ufcfrdbhb tc ufyw[flt,f<br />

rb fhf7 vbcb gbhdtkb ufyw[flt,t,b<br />

b.j7 hjwf rfntujhbekb<br />

ajhvbs efh.jalf hflbrfkeh<br />

mvtlt,t,c888 bcbw cfrbs[fdbf7<br />

lfczbhlt,f rb cffrfidbkc<br />

fhxtdyt,bc bv ljpbs<br />

lf qbfl uf.fk,t,f7 hjujhw<br />

tc fhfths[tk emybf0= tc ufesfdt,tkb<br />

kfgfhfrbw uf.fk-<br />

,t,fpt lhjf7 lfchekltc= bct7<br />

hjujh uf[cjds7 hfvltyb<br />

ghjwtynb fbqj itdfhlyf’bc<br />

,kjrvf @__# okbc @ yjtv,hbc<br />

fhxtdyt,ib7 uf.fk,t,bc<br />

vjnbdbs mexfib hjv ufvjdfhlyty<br />

lqtdfyltkb [tkbceafkyb0<br />

gbhlfgbh utn.dbs5<br />

itdfhlyf’bc ,kjrvf @!~<br />

fbqj vfiby7 hjwf cf.jdtksfjl<br />

fhbc wyj,bkb7 hjv [tkbceakt,fc<br />

#_~ .jdtksdbc<br />

]b,tib eltdc888 3yfwbjyfkehvf<br />

vj’hfj,fv4 rb 2 !)~pt<br />

vtnb888 TMDCVF GFHNBFV UF-<br />

LFKF[F ,FHBTHB7 HFW FH<br />

FO.J,LFS HTAJHVFNJ-<br />

HT,C LF VJ[LF RBLTW BC7<br />

HFW VJ[LF= THJCB RBOVF-<br />

HBIDBKBC GBFHVFYMFYFV<br />

BCT OFHVFHSF VFIBY GHJ-<br />

WTCT,B UFIEMT,BC RES[BS7<br />

HJV LQTCFW CFJWHFL UF-<br />

.FK,T,EK FHXTDYT,FL<br />

SDKBC ,TDHB @ YJTV,HBC<br />

FHXTDYT,C888<br />

2 lqtcfw ufivfut,bs veifj,c<br />

cffrfidbkbc gbfhvfymfyf888<br />

2 hf smvf eylf888 hfcfw dth<br />

dbn.dbs 3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4<br />

itvs[dtdfib888<br />

2 yb/bkbpvbc ufqdbdt-<br />

,fib bmyt, xdtyb odkbkbw<br />

fhbc0<br />

2 VFIBY XFDLUTS BV HJ-<br />

KIB7 HJVTKIBW 3UFVFH]-<br />

DT,EKB [FK[BC NTKTDB-<br />

PBF4 XFF.TYF RBOVFHBIDBK-<br />

VF LF 3DFWFLJSJ4 HJV FV-<br />

,J,LF888 TC 3DFWFLJS4 FQ-<br />

FH EYLF LFVSFDHLTC7 RF-<br />

WJ0= .DTKFC DFWFLTS LF<br />

VJHXF7 LFVSFDHLF VJWLBC<br />

LHJ= MDT.FYF SFDPT LFU-<br />

DTYUHF LF DBC DFWFLJS0<br />

FY7 [TKBCEAKT,FC HF DF-<br />

WFLJS7 RBLTD THS[TK LF-<br />

VFNT,BS HJUJH UFF.FK-<br />

,T,C FHXTDYT,C LF CFRESF-<br />

HB 3BYNTKTMNEFKBPVBC4<br />

MT,BS HJUJH OFVZFVC SF-<br />

DC0 c[dsfijhbc7 bcbw vf[cjdc7<br />

gbhdtkb ghtpbltynbc vteqktv7<br />

VFYFYF FHXDF’TV hjv<br />

ufyfw[flf7 se hjujh vbbnfytc<br />

cffrfidbkbc [tkmdtbst,vf<br />

cffhxtdyj vjcfodtdb PDB-<br />

FL UFVCF[EHLBFC cf[tkpt<br />

ghtpbltynbc ufhlfwdfkt,blfy<br />

sbsmvbc !% okbc itvltu888<br />

lbf[7 bctsb [fk[b /.fds<br />

udthlib7 pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc<br />

cf[tkb hjv fh ufeubfs lf<br />

BCBW FH UFVBRDBHLT,F7 CF-<br />

FRFIDBKBC EDBWVF XBYJD-<br />

YBRT,VF CFFHXTDYJ VJCFO-<br />

DTDB ,F,EFXTVBC7 !)** OT-<br />

KC UFHLFWDKBKB RFSF-<br />

KBRJC-GFNHBFHMBC LFDBS<br />

VT[ESBC CF[TKPTW HJV UF-<br />

VJUPFDYJY=<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

fyb vfsbfidbkb<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 19


20<br />

GHJUYJPT,B LF LBFUYJPT,B<br />

udtcfe,ht,f vodfytsf<br />

gfhnbbc kblthb ubjhub<br />

ufxtxbkf't7 hjvtkbw<br />

cffrfidbkbc ht;bvc<br />

mfhsdtksfufy cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

lfwkbc vbpfyvbvfhsek<br />

gjkbnbrfib fv[tkc8<br />

2 ,fnjyj ubjhub7 hf isf,tzlbkt,f<br />

lfnjdf smdtypt cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

3obstkb .f.fxjt,bc47 fye<br />

jregfwbbc rdbhtekbc vfcinf-<br />

,ehvf fqybidyfv0<br />

2 tc fhbc cffrfidbkbc erdt rfhufl<br />

vj’dtkt,ekb obyfcffhxtdyj gbfhb=<br />

HECEKB CFAHS{BC LF{FNDBS<br />

TC HT:BVB WLBKJJC7 HJV CFMFHSDTKJ SF-<br />

DFL CFFRFIDBKC FMDC JREGBHT-<br />

FYFC=<br />

lffrdbhlbs7 hjujh jhb odtsb<br />

o.fkbdbs /ufdc thsvfytsc genbybc<br />

cffhxtdyj rfvgfybf hectsib lf cffrfidbkbc<br />

cffhxtdyj rfvgfybf cfmfhsdtkjib=<br />

hectsib genbyb mdt.ybc<br />

lfikbc cfahs[tpt kfgfhfrj,c lf<br />

ths-ths v[cytkfl cfresfh sfdc<br />

csfdfpj,c fvjvhxtdtkc7 cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

rb cffrfidbkb 3t,h’dbc4 hecek<br />

fuhtcbfc lf mdt.ybc uflfhxtybc<br />

thsflths ufhfynfl cfresfh<br />

gthcjyfc udfxtxt,c= fhflf7 .dtkfv<br />

bwjltc5 CFFRFIDBKB VJESVTY-<br />

KFL TKBC GENBYBC LF{VFHT


dtcfe,ht,bs 3mfhsekb<br />

jwyt,f 2<br />

ltvjrhfnbekb<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc4<br />

cfbybwbfnbdj ]ueabc<br />

otdhc7 frfltvbrjc<br />

bdfyt<br />

rbqehf'tc5<br />

2 mfhsek gjkbnbrfib ,b-<br />

’byf bdfybidbkbc ufvjxtyfv<br />

ltghtcbblfy ufvjvb.dfyf8 dsdkb7<br />

hjv fv flfvbfybc [b,kb<br />

v[jkjl vbc elbltc abyfyceh<br />

itcf’kt,kj,t,ib fh<br />

vlujvfhtj,c8 itb’kt,f7 rfwb<br />

'fkbfy vlblfhb b.jc7 vfuhfv<br />

vstkb cfpjufljt,bc pbpqbs<br />

cfhut,kj,ltc8 bc cb.dfhekb7<br />

gfnbdbcwtvf lf s,bkb lfvjrblt,ekt,f<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkbc<br />

vbvfhs7 'bhbsflfl vbcb<br />

flfvbfyehb sdbct,t,bs lf<br />

w[jdht,bc otcbs fhbc ufygbhj,t,ekb8<br />

hjujhb efyufhjw<br />

fhbc ,b’byf bdfybidbkb7<br />

fctdt efyufhjl e.dfhs bc bv<br />

flfvbfyt,cfw7 dbcfw thsb stshbsfw<br />

rb fhfcjltc lf[vfht-<br />

,bf8 hjltcfw 3mfhse ,fyrc4<br />

ghj,ktvf ittmvyf7 efvhfdb<br />

[fk[b vbdblf lf ,b’byf bdfybidbkbc<br />

v[fhlfcfzthfl fyufhbib<br />

uf[cyf8 lbf[7 [fk[c uekohatkfl<br />

e.dfhc ,b’byf bdfybi-<br />

RDBHBC AJCNF<br />

CB.DFHEKB ,HVFF7 VBS EAHJ 2<br />

GENBYBC CB.DFHEKB= GFCE[FL GFCE[FL GFCE[FL GFCE[FL GFCE[FL<br />

ufpts 3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkbc4 vbvlbyfht okbc<br />

@_-@^ st,thdkbc yjvthib rbltd ths[tk<br />

ufvjxylf cfmfhsdtkjc sfdlfwdbc<br />

cfvbybcnhjc .jabkb sfyfvihjvtkb CFYLHJ<br />

RFDCF’T 2 qbhct,flfrfhuekb rfwb7<br />

genbycf lf genbybc 3f[fk bltfpt4<br />

it.dfht,ekb lf fv cb.dfhekbs<br />

lf,hvfdt,ekb dfb-mfhsdtkb7 hjvkbc<br />

ujyt,bc yf.jab bynthdbec cfsfehibdtf<br />

ufvjnfybkb5 3VT7 CFYLHJ RFDCF’T7 MFHSDTKB<br />

RFWB7 CFMFHSDTKJC VJMFKFMT7 V[FHC DEZTH<br />

FA[FPTSBCF LF CFV[HTS JCTSBC<br />

LFVJERBLT,KJ,FC=4<br />

cfvoe[fhjl7 fctsb rfdcf’tt,b<br />

'ytk,tlj,bc ;fvc .jdtksdbc<br />

xylt,jlyty [jkvt8 fv<br />

itvs[dtdfibw cfmvt udfmdc cfqb<br />

ufyc]bc eyfhc vjrkt,ek7<br />

qfvehfl mwtek7 mtlvjlhtrbk<br />

lf vnhbc at[bc vndhfl<br />

mwtek fhfhfj,fcsfy7 hjvtkcfw7<br />

sehvt7 genbybc sfduflfrkekvf<br />

cb.dfhekvfw rb dth<br />

eidtkf7 hjv cfpqdfhufhtsblfy7<br />

ybrfhfueblfy +vbcsdbc<br />

itcfathbcb mdt.yblfy=` vjcrjdib<br />

xfcekb.j lf t[tkv’qdfytkf7<br />

hjujhw sdbsjy fv-<br />

,j,c7 3genbybc v[fhlfvzthb<br />

inf,t,bcfsdbc48 fvfc ,-yb rfdcf’t<br />

hectsib vjqdfot 3gjkbnbreh<br />

,bpytcvtyt,c4 f,hfkt,c8<br />

cbyfvldbktib7 hjujhw<br />

xfyc7 genbyb lf vbcb ufhtvjw-<br />

RF[B RFKF’T<br />

3mfhsekb jwyt,f 2<br />

ltvjrhfnbekb cfmfhsdtkjc4<br />

cfbybwbfnbdj ]ueabc otdhb<br />

.dtkf jwyt,f se fubcheklf7<br />

w[jdht,fc fphb<br />

trfhut,f8 fv;fvfl thsb lblb7<br />

mfhsekb jwyt,f vfmdc7 hjvtkcfw7<br />

bvtlbf7 fdb[lty8<br />

3S,BKBCTKT,B4<br />

dbkb lf cojhtl fvbnjv tibybf<br />

fct 'fkbfy [tkbceakt-<br />

,fc8 @__^ otkc cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

cofdkek tmcgthnsf cf,zjv<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkc trjyjvbrbc<br />

lfhuib vtwybtht,fsf cfgfnbj<br />

ljmnjhbc ojlt,f vbfybzf8<br />

vfc trjyjvbrfib cfrfylblfnj<br />

lbcthnfwbf vjcrjdib<br />

fmdc lfwekb8<br />

ufyfskt,fcsfy7 cbvlblhtcsfy<br />

lf ybzbtht,fcsfy thsfl<br />

fv rfwc fmdc cb.dfhekbc<br />

ybzb lf cojhtl tc fub;t,c [tkbceakt,fc8<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkbc<br />

e.dfhc ukt[rfwb8<br />

@__$ otkc vfc ufyphf[ekb<br />

/mjylf7 ! vbkbfhlb xftlj<br />

cjakbc vtehytj,fib7 sevwf7<br />

vfc efhb es[htc8 itvltu<br />

BDFYT RBQEHF'T5<br />

VPFL DFH7 CFMFHSDTKJC YT,BCVBTH<br />

RES[TIB XFDBLT LF<br />

SFYFVTVFVEKTT,C FDE[CYF7 HFNJV<br />

EYLF LFLUTC MFHSDTKB THB ,B'BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKBC UDTHLBS=<br />

df fv vjyfib dthfath cfhut-<br />

,tkc dth [tlfdty lf bmyt, cekfw<br />

fh bwbfy vbcb fhct,j-<br />

,bc itcf[t,7 sjhtv hjujhvt<br />

lfbwfdlyty ptvj[ctyt,ekb<br />

3gjkbnbrehb ,bpytcvtyt,bcfufy4<br />

+rfdcf’bc cbn.dt,bf` lf<br />

itfuhjdf mfhsekb lf ew[jehb<br />

dfpbc fctekj,bs ]bib8<br />

vw[tsbc hfbjyib uffityf cfythut<br />

lf hjltcfw vfc vbtwtvf<br />

cfiefkt,f7 vb[tljc cjakbc<br />

vtehytj,fc7 fv ,fpbc ufvj.tyt,fc<br />

lfbo.t,c8 ,fnjyvf<br />

,b’byfv cfresfhb cbwjw[ktw<br />

rb cfcojhpt itlj7 hjltcfw<br />

gjkbnbrfib vjdblf8 vfy bwbc7<br />

hf [fk[sfyfw fmdc cfmvt7 sevwf7<br />

hjltcfw smdf7 c[dfyfbhfl<br />

fh itvt’kj7 hflufy cfvij,kj<br />

vtqegt,jlfj7 2 f,cjkenehfl<br />

uekohatkb b.j8<br />

2 ,fnjyj bdfyt7 hjujh<br />

vj[lf smdtyb it[dtlhf ,b-<br />

’byf bdfybidbksfy0<br />

2 ,fnjyvf ,b’byfv che-<br />

yfceahfkblfy ths lf[hek<br />

'dfkcfw uflfeult,lyty8<br />

lblb lfrdbhdt,f fh eylf<br />

bvfc7 hjv rfdcf’tc xdtyb mdt.ybc<br />

fhfrtsbkvjcehytt,bcfsdbc<br />

cfzbhj lf cfcehdtkb vbpfyb<br />

fmdc7 rth’jl bc7 hjv cf[tkb<br />

VBYLBF UEKEF LF VBCB<br />

GFHNBF ZTIVFHBNFL THJDYEK<br />

GKFNAJHVFPT LUFYFY LF<br />

COJHTL ,-YB VBYLBFC<br />

CF[TKBC UFNT[BCFSDBC FHBC<br />

UFVBPYEKB RFDCF’BC<br />

BYNTHDBEIB VBCB<br />

FV AJHVBS [CTYT,F=<br />

TKBCJ XFAB’T<br />

3mfhsekb jwyt,f 2<br />

ltvjrhfnbekb cfmfhsdtkjc4<br />

cfbybwbfnbdj ]ueabc otdhb<br />

gjkbnbrfib vjdlbdfh xtvb<br />

cf[tkbsf lf udfhbs lf<br />

thsjsf[bfyb ,bybs dfpbce,fyib8<br />

3HTBNBYUB4<br />

STVEH IFIBFIDBKB<br />

gfhnbf 3stsht,bc4 kblthb<br />

kbfl vjekjlytkfl sfdbcsfy<br />

vbvbodbf lf lff[kjt,bs<br />

@ cffsbc ufyvfdkj,fib dbcfe,hts8<br />

lfhoveyt,bs itvb’kbf<br />

dsmdf7 hjv ,b’byf bdfybidbkb<br />

fhbc thbcrfwb lf cojhtl bctsb<br />

flfvbfyb7 bkbfc hjv vjtojyt,jlf8<br />

bc uf[kfds f,cjkenehfl<br />

uekf[lbkb7 hjvtkbw smdtypt<br />

ufdktyfc fphjdyt,bc cbyfskbsf<br />

lf cbqhvbs f[ltyc8<br />

,fnjy ,b’byfc dtcfe,ht bvfpt7<br />

se hjujh lffyuhbf lqtdfyltkvf<br />

[tkbceakt,fv vtwybtht,f7<br />

hjujh uffyfluehf<br />

rdktdbsb lfotct,ekt,t,b7 hf<br />

lfhn.vf vbf.tyf s,bkbcbc cf-<br />

CFYLHJ CFYLHJ CFYLHJ CFYLHJ CFYLHJ RFDCF’TC RFDCF’TC RFDCF’TC RFDCF’TC RFDCF’TC<br />

ufent[jc7 xbhmb vjcw[jc bv<br />

thjdyek jgjpbwbeh 'fkt,c7<br />

hjvkt,bw cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynbc<br />

vjvfdfk fhxtdyt,ib<br />

vjyfobktj,fc fgbht,ty8 rjyrhtnekfl7<br />

htcgjyltynb bynthdbeib<br />

ths rjyntmcnib<br />

fhfths[tk f[ctyt,c vj’hfj,f<br />

3ufyf[kt,ekb cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc4<br />

lfvae’yt,tkc7<br />

,FNJY VBYLBF UEKEFC bcts<br />

fdflwyj,bk gbhjdyt,t,sfy<br />

thsfl7 hjujht,bw VB[TBK<br />

[E,ENBF lf BUJH UBJHUF-<br />

’T fhbfy=<br />

cfbynthtcjf7 hf cfthsj<br />

fqvjexbyf ,-y vbylbf uekefc<br />

lfyfhxty jhsfy fv genbytkvf<br />

mfhsdtkvf0 cfthsj v[jkjl<br />

itb’kt,f thsb b.jc5 vbylbf<br />

uekefw hectsib w[jdhj,c<br />

lf vjqdfotj,c7 vfuhfv<br />

tc cekfw fh ybiyfdc cfthsj<br />

[tldfc gjkbnbrbc7 rth’jl cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vjvfdkbc7 cfmfhsdtkj-hectsbc<br />

ehsbthsj-<br />

,bc cfrbs[pt7 vbylbf uekef<br />

lf vbcb gfhnbf ztivfhbnfl<br />

thjdyek gkfnajhvfpt lufyfy<br />

lf cojhtl ,-yb vbylbfc<br />

cf[tkbc ufnt[bcfsdbc fhbc ufvbpyekb<br />

rfdcf’bc bynthdbeib<br />

vbcb fv ajhvbs [ctyt,f8<br />

LFCRDYF THSBF5 ,-yb rfdcf’t<br />

genbypt vfhskfw<br />

,hvflff it.dfht,ekb lf<br />

qvthsvf rfhufl vjf[vfhjc7<br />

vfuhfv bub bvfs lfrdtsfcfw<br />

fchekt,c7 dbcfw dbsjv fub-<br />

lfdeidfs7 mfhsdtkjgjpbwbjytht,c<br />

fh udb.dfhc<br />

thsvfytsb7<br />

vfuhfv [jv itb’kt,f7<br />

bvfpt vfbyw<br />

itdsfy[vlts7<br />

hjv jgjpbwbbc<br />

.dtkf kblthvf<br />

thsj,kbdb othbkb<br />

ufdfupfdyjs<br />

fvthbrbc ghtpbltynsfy lf ,fhfr j,fvfc des[hfs<br />

2 ,fnjyj ghtpbltynj7 fvthbrtkb [fk-<br />

[bc aekc hjv fupfdyblbs cfmfhsdtkjib7 hf<br />

umjylfs v[tldtkj,fib7 fvbs dfyj vthf,bidbkbc<br />

ntktdbpbfc t[vfht,jlbs se mfhsdtk<br />

[fk[c0=<br />

3RDBHBC MHJYBRF4<br />

yt,c7 hfsf fvjvhxtdtkb itwljvfib<br />

itb.dfyjc lf ]fycfqb<br />

jgjpbwbehb 'fkt,b7 cfvij,kjcrtsbklqtj,bcfsdbc<br />

uekohatkfl lf efyufhjl<br />

vt,h’jkb vfvekbidbkt,b<br />

cf[tkufnt[bk gjkbnbreh<br />

gthcjyt,sfy uffbubdjc8<br />

lqtc mfhsdtkb fvjvhxtdtkb7<br />

cf,tlybthjl7 rfhufl fhbc<br />

ufhrdtekb7 se dby dby fhbc<br />

lf vbcb fphbc itcfwdktkfl<br />

rfdcf’bcsfyf ghbvbnbdt,b dthfc<br />

uf[lt,bfy8<br />

,JKJC THSB HFV UDCEHC<br />

FQDYBIYJS5 ,-yb c8 rfdcf’t<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc sfdlfwdbc cfvbybcnhjc<br />

sfyfvihjvtkb<br />

.jabkf7 dbwt-gjkrjdybrb8<br />

cfbynthtcjf7 hfc frtst,lf<br />

fy hfc abmhj,lf bub vfiby7<br />

hjltcfw xdtyb ]fhbcrfwt,b<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbekb<br />

vskbfyj,bcfsdbc b,h-<br />

’jlyty lf b[jwt,jlyty0 fy<br />

hjujh eylf xf[tljc vfy sdfkt,ib<br />

cfvij,kjc thsbfyj-<br />

,bcfsdbc lfwtveksf idbkt,c7<br />

vij,kt,c7 yfstcfdt,c0<br />

dehxtds7 gbhdtk hbuib7 bc<br />

ifdb cfsdfkt vjb[cyfc lf cfresfh<br />

uekib xfb[tljc8 bmyt,<br />

ibu ]th rbltd fqvjfxbyjc qbhct,bc<br />

yfnfvfkb=<br />

]tvfk ijybf<br />

tmcgthnb<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

FRFLTVBRJCBC CBN.DF<br />

cfrbs[bc fct<br />

lf.tyt,f7 hjv yfnj-ib<br />

itdblts<br />

xdtyb nthbnjhbt,bc<br />

ufhtit7<br />

fhbc f,cjkenehflofhvjelutytkb<br />

lf tc<br />

fhbc bubdt cf-<br />

[tkvobaj qfkfnb8<br />

fy [tkbceakt,f eylf b.jc cfbvtlj7 fy<br />

2 jgjpbwbf8 cfvoe[fhjl7 bcbyb thsb lf bubdt<br />

'fkt,b fhbfy7 e,hfkjl7 vfsb rjyakbmnb<br />

tae’yt,f ufdktybcf lf 'fkfeakt,bc cfrbs[c<br />

lf fhf vcjakv[tldtkj,fc lf mdt.-<br />

ybc bynthtct,c8<br />

[tkvobaj eybdthcbntnc lf<br />

ufyfskt,bc cbcntvfc7 hjujh<br />

lfifkf vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbf7<br />

hjujhw rdktdbs lfotct,ekt,fsf<br />

thsbfyb cbcntvf7<br />

hjujhb xtrbcnehb cbcfcnbrbs<br />

ufvjfcf[kf rdktdbsb<br />

lfotct,ekt,t,b cgtwbfkehfl<br />

vfssdbc fut,ekb ityj-<br />

,t,blfy8<br />

2 cfbybwbfnbdj ]ueabc<br />

otdhj,fpt itsfdfpt,f gbhflfl<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkbcfufy<br />

vbbqts0<br />

2 lbf[7 gbhflfl vfy itvjvsfdfpf7<br />

hjv ufdv[lfhb.fdb bv<br />

gfhnbbc otdhb7 hjvkbc xfvj-<br />

.fkb,t,fcfw fgbht,c8 lfdsfy-<br />

[vlb ,b’byf bdfybidbkbc itvjsfdfpt,fc<br />

lf des[fhb5 fv-<br />

[tkf hbcrpt of[dtlbs lf vt<br />

eakt,f fh vfmdc7 smdtyb gfhnbbc<br />

otdhb fh ufd[lt-vtsmb8<br />

vfc itvltu7 hfw gfhnbbc cfbybwbfnbdj<br />

]ueabc otdht,bc<br />

dbyfj,f wyj,bkb uf[lf7 sfdc<br />

udtc[vbfy7 sevwf7 tc cek fh<br />

vfbynthtct,c8 fhxtdyt,bc ufv-<br />

.fk,t,tkc vbojlt,ty7 sehvt8<br />

!))% otkc uf[klbs wtynhfkehb<br />

cffhxtdyj rjvbcbbc<br />

sfdv]ljvfht8 fvfc fh dyfyj,7<br />

hflufy ,tdhb hfv ufdbut7<br />

,tdhb f[kjc ufdbwfyb lf vbd-<br />

[dlb7 cbyfvldbktib dby hfc<br />

ofhvjflutyc8 LBF[7 VFIBYLT-<br />

KB FHXTDYT,B UF.FK,LF LF<br />

[TKBCEAKT,FIB 3VJMF-<br />

KFMTSF RFDIBHB4 VJDBLF8<br />

BC [FK[B7 C[DFSFIJHBC7<br />

LQTCFW [TKBCEAKT,FIBF8<br />

FHXTDYT,B COJHTL VFS UF-<br />

F.FK,TC E,YT,PT8 lqtc rb<br />

ufvjlbc ujrf uf,fidbkb lf<br />

fv,j,c7 cfbybwbfnbdj ]ueaib<br />

ufwdtsbkb cf[tt,b fhbfyj8<br />

dehxtd vfc7 [tldbc bcfhb<br />

cfresfhb sfdbcrty vbf,heyjc<br />

lf cfresfhb gjkbnbrehb<br />

abpbjyjvbf itfsdfkbthjc8<br />

yfskfl lfbyf[fdc7 dbyff ufwdtsbkb<br />

cf[t8 cfbybwbfnbdj<br />

]ueaib fhbc mfk,fnjyb ybytkb<br />

zfyrdtnf’t7 qdsft,hbdb<br />

ybzbs lf]bkljt,ekb mfk,fnjyb8<br />

f[kf ifhb vjcltc7 vbnbyut,pt<br />

ufvjlbjlbj8 tkbcj<br />

xfab’t 'fkbfy zrdbfyb lf<br />

vfqfkb rkfcbc ghjatcbjyfkbf8<br />

bubdt bsmvbc vfyfyf rj-<br />

,f[b’tpt8 hbsbvt ufenjklt-<br />

,f ujrf uf,fidbkb vfbf afy-<br />

]brb’tc0 fqfh dflhb cfbybwbfnbdj<br />

]ueaib itvfdfk mfk-<br />

,fnjyt,c yfwbjyfk mfkt,c7<br />

hjvkt,bw lqtc gfhkfvtynib<br />

c[tlfy lf elbltc pbfyc<br />

f.tyt,ty cfmfhsdtkjc8<br />

2 ,fnjyj bdfyt7 hfc ehxtds<br />

mfhsdtk [fk[c0<br />

2 dehxtd7 lfabmhlyty lf<br />

cojhfl itfafcjy fhct,ekb<br />

cbnefwbf8 lqtc fgjkbnbrehj,f<br />

epytj,ff8 SE RFWB<br />

ABMHJ,C7 GJKBNBRF XTVB<br />

CFMVT FHFF LF CFTHSJL FH<br />

OFDFK FHXTDYT,PTJ7 TC LF-<br />

YFIFEKT,HBDB PTHTKJ,F<br />

LF TUJBPVB UF[KFDS8 hfw<br />

itvt[t,f vt7 itcf’kt,kj,t,bc<br />

afhukt,ib fmnbeh vjyfobktj,fc<br />

vbdbqt, ,b’byf bdfybidbkbc<br />

[tkbceakt,bc cfvtwybthj<br />

lf cfufyvfyfskt,kj<br />

gjkbnbrbc ufycfpqdhfib8 obyfcffhxtdyj<br />

gthbjlib yt,bcvbth<br />

qjybc’bt,fib udthlib<br />

lfdelut,b ,b’byf bdfybidbkc8<br />

vpfl dfh7 cfmfhsdtkjc yt,bcvbth<br />

res[tib xfdblt lf sfyfvtvfvektt,c<br />

fde[cyf7 hfnjv<br />

eylf lflutc mfhsdtkb thb fv<br />

flfvbfybc udthlbs8 c[dfyfbhfl<br />

w[jdht,f fqfh itb’kt-<br />

,f8 yfwbjyfkt,bc [tkbceakt,fib<br />

ufxtht,f cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

lf mfhsdtkb [fk[bc cf-<br />

,jkjj cekbth se abpbreh<br />

ufyflueht,fc ybiyfdc8<br />

c[dfsfijhbc7 cffrfidbkc<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkb qvthsvf<br />

ufvjeupfdyf8 bc fh fhbc tmcnhtvbcnb<br />

lf cf]fhjl fw[flt,c7<br />

hjv fh lfbo.t,c dbyvtc<br />

gjkbnbreh ltdyfc8 obyffqvltu<br />

itvs[dtdfib7 cffrfidbkc<br />

rflfabc ,tlb tkjlf8<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

vtub cf]fbf<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 21<br />

SFVFH X[TB’T<br />

thjdyekb vj’hfj,bc<br />

ofhvjvflutytkb<br />

3F[FKB SFJ,F4


22<br />

GJKBNBREHB TMCGTHNBPF<br />

fdqfytsib rbltd cfvb<br />

mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwbc<br />

lfqegdfv cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

lblb vbsmvf-vjsmvf<br />

ufvjbodbf8 fv cfrbs[pt<br />

sfdbc fphc udbpbfht,c<br />

gjkbnjkjub<br />

/fvktn<br />

zbgfidbkb5<br />

2 hfw eahj vtnb mfhsdtkb<br />

]fhbcrfwb lfbqegt,f fdqfytsib7<br />

vbs eahj rvf.jabkb<br />

bmyt,f cffrfidbkb= hfw<br />

eahj vtnb mfhsdtkb ]fhbcrfwb<br />

ittobht,f fdqfytsib fvthbrbc<br />

bynthtct,c7 cffrfidbkb<br />

vbs eahj rfhufl bdfzht,c<br />

fvthbrfcsfy cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

cfresfhb ’fkfeakt,bc uf-<br />

[fyuh’kbdt,bcfsdbc= fb7 tc<br />

fhbc xdtyb mdt.ybc nhfutlbf=<br />

lferdbhlbs5 tc phlflfechekt,tkb<br />

.vfodbkt,b gbhlfgbh<br />

fv,j,ty7 fdqfytsib xdtyb<br />

]fhbcrfwt,bc .jayf ff[kjt,c<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc YFNJ-ib ufotdhbfyt,fcj=<br />

fhflf7 XDTYBCSF-<br />

YF FSFCB GHJ


pecnfl thsb otkb ufdblf<br />

vfc itltu7 hfw hfw<br />

gjkbnjkjub hfvfp<br />

rkbvbfidbkb vw[tsbc mexf<br />

1(-ib7 cflfw bc mbhbs<br />

w[jdhj,lf7 ufhlfwdkbkb<br />

bgjdtc8 vtnfl cftzdj<br />

dbsfht,fib ufhlfwdkbkb<br />

gjkbnjkjub jhb rdbhbs<br />

flht 3fcfdfk-lfcfdfksfy4<br />

bynthdbeib fv,j,lf7<br />

3ST


24<br />

FLDJRFNBC CBN.DF<br />

2 vcjakbjib ytk-ytkf<br />

vobalt,f fphb7 hjv<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib lbmnfnehf<br />

.dfdbc8 fvfc UFTHJ-c<br />

cgtwbfkehb vjv[ctyt,kbc<br />

vbth f[kf[fy ufvjmdt.yt,ekb<br />

fyufhbibw flfcneht,c8<br />

fghbkib rb7 fldjrfnsf<br />

vcjakbj fcjwbfwbf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib cfufvj’bt,j<br />

]ueabc ufvjupfdyfc fgbht,c7<br />

2 fw[flt,c 3fcfdfklfcfdfksfy4<br />

tmcrkepbeh<br />

bynthdbeib cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

fldjrfnsf fcjwbfwbbc<br />

ghtpbltynb pfpf<br />

[fnbfidbkb8<br />

2 ,fnjyj pfpf7 hfv ufyfgbhj,f<br />

tdhjgbc ltvjrhfnbekb bycnbnent,bc<br />

lfbynthtct,f cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

fhct,ekb vlujvfhtj,bs0<br />

2 cfmfhsdtkjc fldjrfnsf fcjwbfwbbc<br />

vjodtdbs s,bkbcib tdhjgbc<br />

fldjrfnsf cfthsfijhbcj j,cthdfnjhbf<br />

xfvjdblf lf mfhsdtk<br />

fldjrfnsf ltdyfpt jhb lfcrdyf lflj8<br />

fvfc vj/.df vybidytkjdfyb afmnb7<br />

hjv tdhjgbc fldjrfnsf fcjwbfwbbc<br />

fqvfchekt,tkb rjvbntnbc<br />

c[ljvf xfnfhlf s,bkbcib7 fldjrfnsf<br />

fcjwbfwbbc f[fkb jabcbc<br />

uf[cyfib vjyfobktj,lf PECO-c rjvbntnbc<br />

sfdv]ljvfht7 ,fnjyb RHE-<br />

PB lf dabmhj,lbs7 hjv tc afmnt-<br />

,b vlujvfhtj,bc cfcbrtsjl itwdkfc<br />

ufyfgbhj,t,lyty7 vfuhfv vj[lf<br />

gbhbmbs8 hjujhw rb cnevht,b uftvupfdhyty7<br />

bvfdt lqtc sfdc lftc[yty<br />

fldjrfn ]EV,TH VBKJHFDFC7 hjvtkcfw<br />

yfofvt,b gfnbvhbc itcf[t,<br />

ljrevtynt,b ufvj/mjylf lf tc vnrbwt,ekt,t,b<br />

vfc offhsdtc8 itvltu<br />

sfdc lftc[yty fldjrfnt,c5 MTSTDFY<br />

DFHLFYFIDBKC7 LBFYF VFHNBFI-<br />

DBKC8 .dtkfpt lblb cb,by’eht vfbyw7<br />

fldjrfn BHBYF CFQBYF’TCSFY<br />

vbvfhst,fib xfblbytc8 vfc sfdbcb<br />

rkbtynbc7 sf,fufhbc xdtyt,f ufvj/mjylf7<br />

cflfw tothf7 hjv ofvt,fc dth<br />

ufe’kj lf dtyt,b uflfbzhf8 bhbyfc<br />

offhsdtc tc xdtyt,f7 cwtvtc lf sfy<br />

ufegfnbeht,bs tvemht,jlyty8 cfqbyf’t<br />

vt lf fldjrfnvf mtsb ,tmfehvf<br />

ofdb.dfyts cffdflv.jajib8 abpbrehb<br />

ptvjmvtlt,bc rdfkbw lflfcnehlf7<br />

vfuhfv7 cfvoe[fhjl7 fldjrfnt,bc<br />

itehfw[.jabc afmnt,pt xtvb<br />

ufyw[flt,t,bc gfce[fl7 fhwthsb<br />

cfmvt fh fq’hekf7 ufvj’bt,f fh<br />

lfo.t,ekf lf fhw lfvyfifdtt,b lfc-<br />

]bkfy8 fvudfhfl [lt,f fldjrfnt,bc<br />

ltdybc of[fkbct,f8<br />

rfnfcnhjaff NFHBTK VEHVF-<br />

YBIDBKBC vbvfhs htghtcbf8 tc fldjrfnb<br />

bvbcsdbc lfbzbhtc7 hjv vjut,ekb<br />

cfmvbc itvltu resdybkb /jyjhfhb<br />

vjbs[jdf7 hfw [tkitrhekt-<br />

,bs thut,jlf8 vfc * otkb vbecf]tc8<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc fldjrfnsf fcjwbfwbfib<br />

ltdybc fv afmnt,pt lfblj<br />

lfcrdyf lf ufbupfdyf tdhjgbc fldjrfnsf<br />

j,cthdfnjhbfib7 fv afmnbs<br />

FLDJRFNSF VCJAKBJ FCJWBF-<br />

WBF IBA LFBYNTHTCLF LF VBBQJ<br />

UFLFO.DTNBKT,F FGHBKIB S,B-<br />

KBCIB CFUFVJ’BT,J ]UEABC UF-<br />

VJUPFDYBC SFJ,FPT= FV BYAJH-<br />

VFWBFC TMCRKEPBEHFL7 GBHDT-<br />

KFL 3FCFDFK-LFCFDFKC4 DTE,YT-<br />

,B= TC ]UEAB ITBCOFDKBC CFMFH-<br />

SDTKJIB FLDJRFNSF LTDYBC<br />

F[FK AFMNT,C8 TC FHBC EVYBID-<br />

YTKJDFYTCB VJDKTYF7 HFW VJO-<br />

VJ,C7 HJV CFMFHSDTKJC FLDJ-<br />

RFNSF FCJWBFWBF VBDBLF BV CFPQ-<br />

DFHSFY7 CFLFW CFFRFIDBKBC HT-<br />

;BVC ’DTKB VTSJLT,B FQFH UFE-<br />

DF LF B’EKT,EKB BMYT,F7 ERFY<br />

LFB[BJC= xdtyb cfyerdfhb vbpfybf7<br />

hjv cffrfidbkb ufvjw[flltc cfvjmfkfmj<br />

cfpjufljt,bc vnhfl lf fvfc<br />

xdty fewbkt,kfl vbdfqotds= tdhjgekvf<br />

ghtcfv cffrfidbkbc lbmnfnjhfl<br />

vj[ctybt,f erdt lfbo.j8 ufvjhbw[ekbf7<br />

fhxtdyt,bc upbs hfbvt gjpbnbehb<br />

itltub vbdbqjs7 serb cffrfidbkb<br />

cfvjmfkfmj cfpjufljt,bc<br />

vnhfl fh fqbfhf vcjakbjv=<br />

2 fv [tkbceakt,bc itwdkbc<br />

jhbubyfkeh vtsjlc vbfutybs0<br />

2 vcjakbjib fhwthsb ht;bvb<br />

[tkbceakt,blfy fhxtdyt,bc upbs<br />

fh ofcekf8 lqtc cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

jgjpbwbehb cgtmnhb thscekjdfybf7<br />

hjv tc fhbc ht;bvb= cf[tptf ht-<br />

3XDTYB<br />

CFYERDFHB<br />

VBPFYBF7 HJV<br />

CFFRFIDBKB<br />

UFVJW[FLLTC<br />

CFVJMFKFMJ<br />

CFPJUFLJT,BC<br />

VNHFL LF FVFC<br />

XDTY<br />

FEWBKT,KFL<br />

VBDFQOTDS=4<br />

;bvbc .dtkf fnhb,enb5 cfcfvfhskj<br />

[tkbceakt,bc epehgfwbf7 gjkbwbehb<br />

lf cfghjrehjhj cf[tkvobajc<br />

itmvyf7 cfbyajhvfwbj cfiefkt,t,bc<br />

chekb rjynhjkb7 sfdbceafkb<br />

ghjatcbt,bc bycnbnewbjyfkehb<br />

ltdyf7 mexfib flfvbfyt,bc<br />

[jwdf8 fv cehfsc dth wdkbc fvthbrekb<br />

bycnbnent,bc lf 3mjht,bc4<br />

.fk,b lfcrdyt,b7 cflfw cffrfidbkc<br />

rdkfd 3ltvjrhfnbbc iemehfl4 b[ctybt,ty=<br />

CBQFNFRBC N.DTJ,FIB<br />

,fnjyj kfif7 ,fnjyj pfpf= xtvj<br />

rfhuj 'bt,j lf rtsbkij,bkj<br />

flfvbfyt,j=<br />

fv othbkc vfbcehf’tt,bc vhfdfkidbkbfyb7<br />

vskfl ufe,tleht,ekb<br />

j]f[bc ths-thsb otdhb 2 !# OKBC<br />

UDFYWF VFBCEHF’T uoths8 xtvb vhfdfkcekbfyb<br />

j]f[b ,tlbc ereqvfhsj,bc<br />

ufvj lblb [fybf7 qdsbc fyf-<br />

,fhfl7 qbf wbc mdti fhbc lfhxtybkb8<br />

j]f[ib dfhs5 vfvf 2 cfvfxf,kjcf<br />

lf fa[fptsbc jvt,bc vjyfobkt7<br />

js[b vwbhtokjdfyb ,fdidb7 hjvkt,bw<br />

lhjt,bs yfstcfdsfy dfhs<br />

itrtlkt,ekb8 ltlf rb wb[tibf7 vfc<br />

!$ otkb fmdc vbc]bkb lf ]th thsb<br />

otkbw rb fh ufcekf7 hfw cfc]tkc<br />

b[lbc8 xdtyc j]f[c fhfyfbhb itvjcfdfkb<br />

fhf fmdc7 cbqfhb,bc pqdfhbw<br />

dth uflfdkf[ts cjwcffutynjc itwljvt,bc<br />

ufvj8 hjv fhf sbsj-jhjkf<br />

qdsbcybthb flfvbfybc lf[vfht-<br />

,f7 fk,fs7 ibvibkbs fvjud[lt,jlf<br />

cekb8<br />

THS LQTC VFVFV<br />

ITUDRHB,F IDBKT,B<br />

LF UFVJUDBW[FLF7<br />

SFDB EYLF VJDBRKF7<br />

DTQFH DE’KT, ERDT<br />

FVLTY UFZBHDT,FCJ8<br />

PFPF [FNBFIDBKB5<br />

HJWF TC HT;BVB<br />

CFCFVFHSKJPT<br />

OFHCLUT,F7<br />

CFFRFIDBKC<br />

MFHSDTKB<br />

FLDJRFNT,B FH<br />

LFBWFDTY=<br />

HT;BVC CFVFHSKT,HBDB ,H’J-<br />

KBS EYLF LFDEGBHBCGBHLTS8 EY-<br />

LF VBDFQOBJS7 HJV ,TKJHECB<br />

LBMNFNJHBC KERFITYRJC VCUFD-<br />

CFL7 CFFRFIDBKBW GTHCJYF YJY<br />

UHFNFL UFVJFW[FLJC TDHJRFD-<br />

IBHVF8 CFFRFIDBKVF THS[TK ER-<br />

VF.JABKT,F UFVJ[FNF KERFITY-<br />

RJC GTHCJYF YJY UHFNFL WYJ-<br />

,BC UFVJ7 HFLUFY BWBC7 HJV VB-<br />

CB HBUB LUT,F= SE FCT FH VJ[-<br />

LT,F7 VFIBY FII-BC GHTPBLTYNB7<br />

FHF FMDC VYBIDYTKJ,F7 ,EIB7<br />

J,FVF SE C[DF7 UFVJDF LF FL-<br />

HBYLTKBC VCUFDCFL7 FHXTDYT,IB<br />

UFVFH]DT,EKFL BCTD CFFRFIDBKC<br />

LFFCF[TKT,C7 SEYLFW LFVFHW[T-<br />

,BC VBE[TLFDFL=<br />

2 hjujhw behbcnb7 hf ,tlc<br />

eobyfcofhvtn.dtkt,s fv ht;bvc0<br />

2 hfw @^ vfbcc cffrfidbkbc ht-<br />

;bvvf xfblbyf7 hect,c fh emybfs )<br />

fghbkc888 lfrfdt,ekt,c fldjrfnt,b<br />

fh itf[dtlhtc7 hfsf vfsb ofvt,bc rdf-<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

kb fh tyf[fs8 hjwf cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

ltvjrhfnbekb [tkbceakt,f vjdf7<br />

fvbc xfvltyt,c ,hfkb oft.tyt,fs lf<br />

erkt,kbd .dtkf ufcfvfhsklt,f= cffrfidbkb<br />

sfdbc vjqdfotj,fc cf,hfklt,j<br />

crfvpt lffvsfdht,c= OFH-<br />

VJBLUBYTS7 !#_ FLDJRFNB /.FDC<br />

CFFRFIDBKC UFCFVFHSKT,EKB7<br />

KERFITYRJC HT;BVC RB7 V[J-<br />

KJL # FLDJRFNB /.FDC GFNBV-<br />

HJ,FIB8 VT DTRBS[T,B TDHJGT-<br />

KT,C5 SE KERFITYRJ LBMNFNJ-<br />

HBF7 VFIBY DBY FHBC CFFRFIDB-<br />

KB0<br />

f[kf[fy ufthj-c cgtwbfkehvf<br />

vjv[ctyt,tkvf VFBYF RBFBV crfylfkehb<br />

fyufhbib ufvjfmdt.yf cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

flfvbfybc eakt,fsf<br />

vlujvfhtj,bc itcf[t,8 fv fyufhbiib<br />

ud[dlt,f bctsb vrdtshb ufvjyfsmdfvt,b7<br />

hjvkt,bw lbgkjvfnbbc<br />

xfhxjt,cfw rb cwlt,f8 tc lblb lfhn.vff<br />

ht;bvbcsdbc8 VT GBHFLFL ITD-<br />

[DLB VFBYF RBFBC LF VBDFOJLT<br />

CFVJMFKFMJ CFPJUFLJT,BC VB-<br />

VFHS CFFRFIDBKBC VNHJ,BC FV-<br />

CF[DTKB BYAJHVFWBT,B7 HBSFW<br />

VJV[CTYT,TKB UFYWDBAHT,EKB<br />

LFHXF=<br />

htbufyb cf,zjsf rfdibhc 3,jhjnt,bc<br />

bvgthbfc4 t’f[lf7 fhflf7 #_bfy<br />

htghtcbek okt,ib v[jkjl (_<br />

fldjrfnb uffcfvfhsktc fv[tkf mdt-<br />

.fyfib8 dby ufvjlbc vfs ajypt cffrfidbkb7<br />

hjvtkvfw !#_ fldjrfnb<br />

xfcdf wb[tib0<br />

2 ,fnjyj pfpf7 hjujh ofhvjublutybfs<br />

mfhsdtk fldjrfnsf<br />

rjhgecb gjcncffrfidbkbctek<br />

tgjmfib0<br />

2 xdty udbylf7 bctsb fldjrfnsf<br />

rjhgecb xfvjdf.fkb,js7 hjujhbw<br />

qbhctek cfvjmfkfmj cfpjufljt,fc<br />

trflht,f8<br />

FLDJRFNSF<br />

FCJWBFWBF ERDT<br />

TVPFLT,F<br />

GJCNCFFRFIDBKBCTEKB<br />

GTHBJLBCSDBC8 HJWF<br />

TC HT;BVB ,JKJC LF<br />

,JKJC LFTV[J,F7<br />

XDTYC FLDJRFNT,C<br />

’FKPT ,TDHB CFMVT<br />

TMYT,FS 2 EFVHFDB<br />

ERFYJYJ GFNBVHBC<br />

CFMVT BMYT,F<br />

UFLFCFCBY}B8<br />

fmdt bvfcfw utn.dbs7 hjv ht;bvbc<br />

ofhvjvflutykt,bc lfwdfpt7 hjvkt-<br />

,bw cfvjmfkfmj cfpjufljt,fc lf<br />

fldjrfnsf rjhgecc ltdyblyty 2<br />

mfhsdtkb fldjrfnt,b efhc bn.dbfy<br />

lf lfvyfifdt tmc-xbyjdybrt,b b’ekt,ekyb<br />

uf[lt,bfy7 ew[jtk fldjrfnt,sfy<br />

uffajhvjy [tkitrhekt-<br />

,t,b8 hjwf tc ht;bvb cfcfvfhskjpt<br />

ofhclut,f7 cffrfidbkc mfhsdtkb<br />

fldjrfnt,b fh lfbwfdty=<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

pfpf lfdbsfbf<br />

!# OKBC UDFYWF<br />

VFBCEHF'T<br />

FHCT,J,BC EAKT,FC<br />

BS[JDC=<br />

OFHVJBLUBYTS7 FV<br />

CBN.DT,BC UFVUJYT7<br />

HF LQTIB<br />

XFDDFHLT,JLBS<br />

IDBKT,B=<br />

evjhxbktcfl us[jds7 3fcfdfklfcfdfkib47<br />

lfvb,tzljs tc othbkb7<br />

fvfc xtvb vhfdfkhbw[jdfyb j]f[bcsdbc<br />

elbltcb vybidytkj,f fmdc7 se<br />

hfnjv7 fvfc f[kf vjrktl vjuf[ctyt,s5<br />

cfmdtkvjmvtlj ajylb 3bfdyfyf4<br />

FVF OKBC # VFHNC 3HECSFDB-@4-<br />

BC GBHLFGBHB TSTHBS vfhsfdc<br />

cfmdtkvjmvtlj vfhfsjyc7 cflfw7<br />

hjujhw vjut[ctyt,fs7 ufzbhdt-<br />

,ek7 eqfhb,tc j]f[t,c ,byt,bs lf<br />

c[df vfnthbfkehb cfiefkt,t,bs<br />

t[vfht,bfy8 qdsbcybthb flfvbfyt-<br />

,bc o.fkj,bs xdtyw vjd[dlbs fv<br />

vfhfsjyib7 vfuhfv wyj,bkbf7 hjv<br />

bm hbut,bf lf cfyfv xdty hbub vjudbotdc7<br />

vfyfvlt7 fk,fs888<br />

’fkbfy udt[vfht,bfy cf,th’ytsbc<br />

mfhsekb lbfcgjhbc ofhvjvflutykt,b7<br />

bcbyb it’kt,bclfudfhfl xfhbw[fdty<br />

sfy[t,c ajylbc fyufhbipt7<br />

vfuhfv tc pqdfib odtsbf8 bmyt,7<br />

vj[ltc cfcofekb lf hfqfw cf[cht-<br />

,b ufvjbyf[jc7 fvfib smdtyb ufptsbc<br />

lblb lfvcf[eht,f bmyt,f8 se tc othbkb<br />

# VFHNFVLT ufvjmdt.ylt,f7<br />

’fkbfy lfvfdfkt,s7 qvthsb ubidtkbs8<br />

,fdidt,b crjkfib $ otkbf7


fhxtdyt,fvlt ]th rbltd ijhbf7 sevwf7 ew[jtsib afhekb<br />

cffhxtdyj rjvgfybf erdt buh’yj,f bcts vhfdfkhbw[jdfy<br />

mfhsek lbfcgjhfib7 hjujhbw cf,th’ytsibf8 se hjujh<br />

w[jdhj,ty lf ihjvj,ty7 hfpt jwyt,j,ty bm v.jab xdtyb<br />

sfyfvtvfvektyb7 ths-thsvf tvbuhfynvf7 yfnj rfzrfzehvf<br />

vjudbs[hj7 hjvtkvfw 3fcfdfk-lfcfdfksfy4 cfntktajyj<br />

cfe,fhb gbhlfgbh vodfdt ghj,ktvbc ufy[bkdbs lfbo.j5<br />

2 vjut[ctyt,fs7 cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

ntktdbpbt,b [tkbceakt,bc [tkibf<br />

vjmwtekb lf vskbfyfl [tkbceakt,bc<br />

ghjgfufylbc ,thrtnc ofhvjflutyc7<br />

fvbnjv7 cf,th’ytsib vw[jdht,b<br />

mfhsdtkt,b f[fk fv,t,c ’bhbsflfl7<br />

ufptst,blfy dbut,s7 hjvkt,bw<br />

cf,th’ytsib [ibhfl thsb<br />

rdbhbc lfudbfyt,bs xfvjlbc8 FMFE-<br />

HB MFHSDTKT,BCSDBCBYAJHVF-<br />

WBBC 'BHBSFLB O.FHJ 3FCFDFK-<br />

LFCFDFKBF47 HFLUFY ITEKFVFPT,-<br />

KFL FCF[FDC VJDKTYT,C8 TC UF-<br />

PTSB BYAJHVFWBBC UFHLF7 CE-<br />

KBTH CFRDT,CFW UDFODLBC YJC-<br />

NFKUBBS ITG.HJ,BKT,C8 COJ-<br />

HTL FVBNJV7 CFFRFIDBKBC VCF[D-<br />

HFKB RKFYZB CF,TH"YTSCFW<br />

VBCODLF LF MFHSEKB UFPTST,BC<br />

UFDHWTKT,F ITFATH[F= vt fvbc itcf[t,<br />

fhfjabwbfkehfl vbs[hf xtvvf<br />

vtuj,fhvf7 hjvtkbw ufptst,bc<br />

ufdhwtkt,bc flubkj,hbd jabcib<br />

veifj,c8 cojhtl fv jabct,vf vbbqtc<br />

[tkbceakt,bc lfdfkt,f lf itfvwbhtc<br />

ufptst,bc ufdhwtkt,f7 hfsf<br />

lbfcgjhf v[jkjl 3vbifdbpbt,bc4<br />

fvfhf lfnjdjy= [vfvfqkf fv,j,ty7 vjut,f<br />

fqfh udfmdc lf fvbnjv fqfh xfvjudfmdcj7<br />

vfuhfv bn.et,bfy7 hflufy<br />

mfhsekb ufptst,b ufe.blfdb fh<br />

hxt,f8 3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkib kfvbc cfv-<br />

]th vtnc7 @-@7% tdhjc udf[ltdbyt,ty7<br />

vfuhfv vfbyw d.blekj,s888<br />

2 mfhsek lbfcgjhfib cffhxtdyj<br />

rfvgfybf nfhlt,f0 hf vtsjlt-<br />

,bs vjmvtlt,c [tkbceakt,f0<br />

2 pecnfl bctsb eqbhcb vtsjlt,bs7<br />

hjujhcfw cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

b.tyt,c8 fmfw sbsjtek rjhgecib<br />

sfdbfysb rflhb /.fds lf [tkafccfw<br />

e[lbfy bvbcsdbc7 hjv fm v.jab<br />

mfhsdtkt,b [tkbceakt,bc vjv[htt,fl<br />

ofhvjfxbyjy8 lfmbhfdt,ekb thstekt,b<br />

.dtkfc cf[tkbs cfufptsj<br />

othbkt,cfw s[pfdty8 HJUJH IT-<br />

B'KT,F7 CF,TH'YTSIB V.JAB @__<br />

FSFCB MFHSDTKB BV [TKBCEAKT-<br />

,BC VJV[HT B.JC7 HJVKBC GJ-<br />

KBNBRFVFW BCBYB CFHXJC CF'B-<br />

T,KFL EW[JTSIB UFLF[DTOF0= f,cjkenehb<br />

evhfdktcj,f rhbnbrekfl<br />

dfhs ufyo.j,bkyb7 vfuhfv [vt-<br />

,b fmfw .fk,lt,f8 bvbcsdbc7 hjv fhxtdyt,ib<br />

vbbqjc vjyfobktj,f7 cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vjmfkfmt !-@ sdbs flht eylf<br />

xfvjdbltc lf cfrjycekjib fqhbw[dfpt<br />

lflutc7 sjhtv vtht cbfib<br />

lfabmcbht,bc lf itcf,fvbcfl7 fhxtdyt,ib<br />

vjyfobktj,bc eakt,fc lfrfhufdty8<br />

fhflf7 ihjvbs lfrfdt,ekb<br />

flfvbfyt,b [ibhfl cf,th’ytsbc<br />

c[dflfc[df res[blfy ]th fqhbw[dbcsdbc<br />

lf vtht [vbc vbcfwtvfl xfvjcd-<br />

dth lfdlbdfhs8 ’fkbfy udbzbhc<br />

.dtkfyfbhfl7 e,byfj,bcf lf vfnthbfkehb<br />

cble[zbhbc ufvj ufecf’kbc<br />

gbhj,t,ib dfhs8<br />

LTLF HJV FH<br />

UDTWJLT,JLTC7<br />

IDBKT,B FVLTY [FYC<br />

SFDC FH<br />

DBWJW[KT,LBS8 LTLF<br />

’FKBFY UDTYFNHT,F<br />

IDBKT,C8<br />

,fnjyj pfpf7 dby se fhf smdty7<br />

eylf ufudbujs xdtyb uekbcnrbdbkb7<br />

smdtyw [jv ufvjwlbkb ufmds gfnbvhj,bc<br />

cbvofht7 sfyfw f,cehlekb<br />

,hfklt,t,bc ufvj lf cojhtl<br />

fctsb7 F,CEHLEKB ,HFKLT,T,BC<br />

UFVJ LFFRFDTC LTLFXDTYBW7 HJ-<br />

VTKBW FV HT;BVBC VC[DTHGKB UF[-<br />

LF8 xdty hjv hfbvt lfudtvfhsjc7 ltlf<br />

lfudtqegt,f= utdtlht,bs evjhxbktcfl7<br />

b[ctybs thsb j]f[b vjcfkjlytkb<br />

nhfutlbbcufy=<br />

obyfcofh eqhvtcb vflkj,f .ehflqt,bcf<br />

lf lf[vfht,bcfsdbc8<br />

qvthsvf ubidtkjs=<br />

smdtyb vjyf-vjhxbkb7 vt-(<br />

rkfcbc vjcofdkt7 vfuhfv<br />

crjkfib fhvjcbfhekt<br />

udfywf vfbcehf't<br />

kfc dth f[th[t,ty8 xdty [jv lfcdtyt-<br />

,bcsdbcfw dth dbwkbs8 dbyw cbfib<br />

dth vj[dlt,f7 vfs [vt,c [tkbceakt-<br />

,f sfdbc cfcfhut,kjl b.tyt,c=<br />

fvfc ufhlf7<br />

[TKBCEAKT,F<br />

IFYNF;CFW FH<br />

THBLT,F LF<br />

PJYLTHT,B<br />

TVBUHFYNT,C<br />

CFMFHSDTKJIB<br />

LFHXTYBK J}F[BC<br />

OTDHT,PT<br />

FYUFHBICOJHT,BSF<br />

LF LFGFNBVHT,BS<br />

TVEMHT,BFY [JKVT7<br />

SE [VFC<br />

[TKBCEAKT,FC FH<br />

VBCWTVTY8<br />

fhw bc fhbc ufvjhbw[ekb7 cbvohbs<br />

yfijdyb cfvcf[eht,b lffrfhudbyjy<br />

lf c[dflfc[df ,by’ehb bynhbubs7<br />

afsthfrt,c it.fhjy8 lbfcgjhbc<br />

yfobkb [tkbceakt,fc [vfc v[jkjl<br />

bvbnjv f’ktdc7 vjcfkjlytkb<br />

ghj,ktvt,b sfdblfy fbhbljc lf fhf<br />

bvbnjv7 hjv uekpt t[fnt,fs8 uf-<br />

.fk,t,bc vybidytkjdfyb yfobkb<br />

eiefkjl cffhxtdyj ghjwtct,pt<br />

[lt,f lf vfhnj cf,th’ytsib rb fhf7<br />

.dtkufy7 cflfw mfhsdtkt,b rjvgfmnehfl<br />

w[jdhj,ty7 rdfkbabwbehvf<br />

lfvrdbhdt,kt,vf eylf uffrjynhjkjy<br />

cbnefwbf7 [tkbceakt,fv [vt-<br />

,bc vbsdbct,f hjv dth it’kjc8 fv<br />

ghj,ktvbc uflfcfzhtkfl7 ,B'BYF<br />

BDFYBIDBKC lf .dtkf cthbjpek<br />

jgjpbwbeh ’fkfc ufycfresht,ekfl<br />

vfhst,s lfabmht,f=<br />

2 cffrfidbkb tvbuhfynt,c [ibhfl<br />

vjeojlt,c cfvij,kjib lf,heyt,bcrty888<br />

smdty fh ufmds<br />

lf,heyt,bc cehdbkb0<br />

2 vjojlt,bs rb vjeojlt,c7<br />

sevwf7 cfmvbs bct bmwtdf7 vjcf[ktj,f<br />

gbhbmbs 2 ew[jtsib ufh,bc=<br />

fm ihjvbs dfcojht,s lqt-qfvtc lf<br />

.dtkfpt vwbht [tkafcb ^__ tdhjf8<br />

lfeabmht,kfl lfd,heylt,jlb cfvij,kjib7<br />

fvbc yf[tdfhb hjv vmjyltc<br />

cnf,bkehfl8 jhb evfqktcb<br />

vfmdc lfvsfdht,ekb lf fhw rdfkbabrfwbf<br />

vfrkbf7 vfuhfv cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

[jv cfvcf[ehc dth bijdb7 fhflf7<br />

j]f[c hxtyf czbhlt,f8<br />

BVFPT FQFHW<br />

DOEOEYT,7 HJV FM<br />

3HJUJH ITB'KT,F7<br />

CF,TH'YTSIB V.JAB<br />

@__ FSFCB MFHSDTKB<br />

BV [TKBCEAKT,BC<br />

VJV[HT B.JC7 HJVKBC<br />

GJKBNBRFVFW BCBYB<br />

CFHXJC CF'BT,KFL<br />

EW[JTSIB<br />

UFLF[DTOF0=4<br />

3,TH’YT,C FH CEHS TDHJRFDIBHPT<br />

LFVJRBLT,EKFL .JAYF8 FM<br />

YFVLDBKB CF[FK[J UFVJCDKT,BF8<br />

CFMFHSDTKJCUFY UFYC[DFDT,BS7<br />

C[DFLFC[DF GHJATCBBC<br />

OFHVJVFLUTYKT,B THSVFYTSC<br />

V[FHC EZTHTY8 INHFBR,HT[THT,C<br />

CFCNBRFL ECOJHLT,BFY8<br />

VFUFKBSFL7 HJWF V’QJKT,BC<br />

UFABWDFF7 THSB NFMCBW HJV<br />

UFVJDBLTC MEXFIB7 VFC IEIT,C<br />

LFEKTOFDTY=4<br />

CBQFNFRBC N.DTJ,FIB<br />

xdty lfderfdibhlbs ajyl 3bfdyfyfc4 cfv[fndhj [tkv’qfytkc STJ ]JH,TYF’TC7 hjvtkvfw udfywfc j]f[bc<br />

v’bvt vlujvfhtj,f lfudblfcnehf8<br />

STJ }JH,TYF’T5 2 # vfhnc7 ltlbc lqtc7 ajylb 3bfdyfyf4 nhflbwbekfl vfhsfdc lbl ntktvfhfsjyc7 hjvtkbw<br />

3hecsfdb-@4-pt @@ cffspt lfbo.t,f8 vfyfvlt xdtyc cfbnpt iavnana.ge blt,f [jkvt othbkt,b7 hjvkt,cfw<br />

ufzbhdt,ekb lf v’bvt vlujvfhtj,fib v.jab j]f[t,b udbupfdybfy8 vjmfkfmtt,c t’ktdfs fv flfvbfyt,bc ufzbhdt,bc<br />

fqmvbc cfiefkt,f lf cehdbkbc itvs[dtdfib7 vfsb lf[vfht,bc itcf’kt,kj,f8 ite’kbfs7 fv flfvbfyt,c lfehtrjy<br />

yjvthpt _)_!-#_-#_-#_ lf .dtkfv thsfl7 thsj,kbdfl itd’kjs ,fdidt,bc yfndht,bc itchekt,f8<br />

VJLBC UEKBCUFVUVBHFDB OTHBKT,B7 HJVTKSF OFRBS[DFW SBSJTEKB XDTYUFYBCSDBC ’FKPT HSE-<br />

KBF8 THSB FLFVBFYBC UFHITVJ THSBFYLT,BFY [JKVT RTSBKB YT,BC FLFVBFYT,B LF FCHEKT,TY QDSBCYB-<br />

TH AEYMWBFC8 vbvlbyfht okbc # vfhnc cfpjufljt,f rbltd ths7 f[fk 3cbrtsbc lqtcfcofekc4 b[bkfdc8 fhfthsb<br />

flfvbfybc ,tlb itudbwdkbf lf f[kfw @ j]f[bcsdbc dfgbht,s ,bybc it’tyfc8 cfvoe[fhjl7 fv]thfl7 udfywfc ,bybs<br />

dth lfdt[vfht,bs7 sevwf7 fv fhfxdtekt,hbdb ujujyfc ofhlutyf vj[lt,f lf cfpjufljt,fc vbcb vfnthbfkehfl<br />

lf[vfht,bc cfiefkt,f vbtwtvf8 vt gbhflfl ufdbwfyb udfywf lf vbcb bcnjhbf ths-thsb bmyt,f bv nhfubrek bcnjhbfsf<br />

ijhbc7 hjvtkbw # vfhnc uf;qthlt,f lf hjvkbc ,tlybtht,bcrty itwdkfw xdtyc sfyfvjmfkfmtt,pt bmyt,f<br />

lfvjrblt,ekb=<br />

vjfvpflf pfpf lfdbsfbfv<br />

GHJNTCNBC FYFNJVBF<br />

GHJABKBS RB FHF7<br />

J}F[BC VJVDKTKFL<br />

DVEIFJ,8 J}F[BC<br />

VJVDKTKC7 FYE<br />

VJF[KTC7<br />

IBYFVJCFVCF[EHTC7<br />

CF,TH’YTSIB<br />

3RJGTKFC4 T’F[BFY8<br />

@__ FSFCB MFHSDTKB7<br />

HJVTKSFW SFDBFYSB<br />

WJLYF7 UFVJWLBKT,F<br />

LF TYTHUBF<br />

CFVIJ,KJIB EYLF<br />

LFUDT[FH}F7<br />

CFFRFIDBKVF<br />

3RJGTKT,FL4<br />

UDFMWBF=<br />

erfy lf,heyt,f .dtkfc eylf7 vfuhfv<br />

fhfdby vj,heylt,f7 hflufy fm xfvjcfcdktkfl<br />

[fk[b dfkt,c bqt,c7<br />

pjub fhfktufkehfl7 vst,pt lf zfj,t,pt<br />

uflvjdkbs xfvjlbc7 j]f[c<br />

jhb rfgbrbs hjv ittobjc8 lf,heyt,f<br />

rb fhf7 fstyib bvltyb mfhsdtkb<br />

lfuhjdlf7 mexfib mfhsekbc ufujyt,f<br />

fqfh udbrdbhc= itdfhlyf’t fh<br />

udb.dfhlf7 vfuhfv cffrfidbkvf efhtcb<br />

lfudvfhsf8 fa[fptsb lf cfvfxf,kj<br />

lfudfrfhudbyf vbcvf fdfynbehbpvvf7<br />

seylfw vfhnj fvbc ufvjf tc [tkbceakt,f<br />

sjrpt xfvjcfrblt,tkb=<br />

2 ,th’yt,c hfvltyfl fmds ufydbsfht,ekb<br />

thjdyekb sdbsituyt,f0<br />

2 cfrvfjl v.fhfl8 fm .dtkfathb<br />

]th ,th’yt,c tresdybs lf vtht<br />

c[dt,c8 cfjwhfl ufvnfyb thbf8 thsvfytsc<br />

fh qfkfnj,ty7 cfvij,kjib<br />

sfdc v.fhfl uh’yj,ty8 ,TH’YT,C FH<br />

CEHS TDHJRFDIBHPT LFVJRBLT-<br />

,EKFL .JAYF8 FM YFVLDBKB CF-<br />

[FK[J UFVJCDKT,BF8 CFMFHSDT-<br />

KJCUFY UFYC[DFDT,BS7 C[DFLFC[-<br />

DF GHJATCBBC OFHVJVFLUTYKT-<br />

,B THSVFYTSC V[FHC EZTHTY8 INHF-<br />

BR,HT[THT,C CFCNBRFL ECOJHLT-<br />

,BFY8 VFUFKBSFL7 HJWF V’QJ-<br />

KT,BC UFABWDFF7 THSB NFMCBW<br />

HJV UFVJDBLTC MEXFIB7 VFC IE-<br />

IT,C LFEKTOFDTY= thsbw vbylf<br />

ubs[hfs5 !_-vbkbjybfy mdt.fyfib !@<br />

fsfcfvlt gfnbvfhbf lf ,th’yt,c ’fkbfy<br />

erdbhs7 hjwf but,ty7 hjv<br />

hbw[jdyj,bs cfv]th vwbht cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

#7%-]th vtnb gfnbvfhb /.fdc8<br />

c[dfsfijhbc7 sdbs mfhsdtkb gfnbvfhbw<br />

,th’yek wb[tib eahj ertstc<br />

gbhj,t,ibf7 dblht mfhsekib=<br />

,th’yt,b lbl gfnbdc cwtvty sfdbfys<br />

tyfc8 dth bnfyty ,fh,fhbpvt,c8<br />

cf,th’ytsib ,th’yekbc wjlybc ufhtit<br />

flfvbfyc ufezbhlt,f7 c[df tybs<br />

sfdc yfrkt,fl ufbnfyc8 xdtyw fh<br />

udfo.tylf vfsb vb,f'df=<br />

cfe,hbc lfcfchekc7<br />

mfk,fnjyvf yfnjv vs[jdf7<br />

xdtyb htlfmnjhbc7 KFIF<br />

YFLFHT-<br />

BIDBKBCSDBC<br />

uflfvtwf7 hjv cf,th’ytsib<br />

vw[jdht,b gfnhbjnb<br />

mfhsdtkt,b vbc ktmct,c<br />

whtvkvjhtekt,b zhbfy<br />

ufptst,blfy lf e,bc<br />

obuyfrib byf[fdty888 3xdty bcts<br />

cfmfhsdtkjpt djwyt,j,s7<br />

hjujhcfw 3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkb4<br />

udbcf[fdc8 smdtyb rjktmnbdb<br />

.dtkf cfrbs[c thjdyekb<br />

res[blfy fafct,c lf fvbnjv<br />

udb.dfh[fhs=4<br />

xdtyw udb.dfh[fhs7<br />

vfvekbidbkt,j= lft7 smdtyb<br />

uekohatkb whtvkbc<br />

sbsjtek odtsc itltub<br />

ufvjtqjc lf uf,ho.byt,ek<br />

cfvij,kjc uekib<br />

xft[ent,byts=<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 25<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

pfpf lfdbsfbf


3SFDBCEAKT,F LQTC XDTYB8884<br />

W[TKB [FPB<br />

%)#-#@%-)@_<br />

26<br />

asdaszaza@gmail.com<br />

flfvbfybc eakt,fsf lfvjerblt,tkvf<br />

rjvbcbfv7 hjvtkibw wyj,bkb<br />

eakt,flfvwdtkt,b7 fldjrfnt,b lf<br />

fhfcfvsfdhj,j jhufybpfwbt,bc<br />

ofhvjvflutykt,b fhbfy ufthsbfyt,ekyb7<br />

@! st,thdkbc c[ljvfpt rbltd * gbhc<br />

vbfybzf gjkbngfnbvhbc cnfnecb5<br />

!8 BDFYT XBQDBYF’T cf[fk[j rht-<br />

,bc fmnbdbcnb7 ybyj ,eh]fyf’bc lfwdbc<br />

otdhb lf @^ vfbcbc fmwbbc vjyfobktf8<br />

vfc !_ okbc gfnbvhj,f vbecf]tc<br />

gjkbwbtkt,bcfsdbc obyffqvltuj,bc<br />

ufotdbcf lf cfgfnhekj<br />

gjkbwbbc vfymfybc lfpbfyt,bc<br />

,hfklt,bs7 hfw v[jkjl lfvrfdt-<br />

,tkb cfvfhsfklfvwfdt,bc xdtyt,t-<br />

,bs fhbc ufvfuht,ekb8<br />

@8 RJ,F UJWBHB’TW cf[fk[j rht-<br />

,bc fmnbdbcnb7 ybyj ,eh]fyf’bc lfwdbc<br />

otdhb lf @^ vfbcbc fmwbbc vjyfobktf8<br />

vfc $ okbs sfdbceakt,bc<br />

fqrdtsf vbecf]tc gjkbwbtkt,bcfsdbc<br />

obyffqvltuj,bc ufotdbc ,hfklt,bs7<br />

hfcfw bctd lf bctd lfvrfdt,tkb<br />

gjkbwbtkt,b fv,j,ty8<br />

#8 PFFK ;DFYBF ,bpytcvtybf7 hjvkbc<br />

vbvfhs cf[tkvobajc ) vbkbjyb<br />

kfhb +fv lhjbcsdbc sfy[f lff[kjt,bs<br />

!( vbkbjyb kfhbf‘ tvfhsf8<br />

bub sfqkbsj,bc +!(_‘ mhsfvbc<br />

vbwtvbc +##)‘ lf cfc]tkfqchekt,bc<br />

lfotct,ekt,fib frh’fkekb<br />

ybdsbc mjybc +#*( @ ‘ ve[kt,bs uffcfvfhsktc8<br />

!% okbs offhsdtc sfdbceakt,f8<br />

cbyfvldbktib7 bub bvbcsdbc<br />

lffgfnbvhtc7 hjv fh lfcsfy[vlf<br />

rfntujhbek vjs[jdyfc7 efhb<br />

tsmdf resdybk sfy[fpt8<br />

$8 RJYCNFYNBYT KJVB’T 2 (<br />

okbs sfdbceakt,bc fqrdtsf8<br />

%8 VTHF, VFBCEHF’T 2 * okbs<br />

sfdbceakt,bc fqrdtsf8<br />

vfs sfqkbsj,bc +!(_‘ ve[kb ofe.tytc<br />

,hfkfl7 sbsmjc vjmfkfmtt,c<br />

!_* fsfcb ljkfhb ufvjc’fktc7<br />

sevwf7 cfmvbc vfcfkt,bs fh lfcnehlt,f7<br />

hjv lfyfifekt,hbdb mvtlt,bs<br />

hfbvt ufvjhxtyf vbbqtc8 cbyfvldbktib<br />

vfsb lfgfnbvht,f b.j [tkbceakt,bc<br />

fyufhbicojht,f7 hflufy<br />

3yfwbjyfkehb vj’hfj,bc4 yf’fkfltdbc<br />

jhufybpfwbfc [tkv’qdfytkj,-<br />

GJKBN-<br />

GFNBVHT,FL<br />

FQBFHT,BC<br />

GHJWTCB<br />

UH'TKLT,F=<br />

lyty lf @__) okbc fghbkbc cf[fk-<br />

[j ufvjcdkt,bc lhjc [fk[vhfdfk<br />

vbnbyupt cf]fhjl lf[btc<br />

3yfwbjyfkehb vj’hfj,bc4 vfylfnt-<br />

,b lf yf’fkfltdbc jhufybpfwbf<br />

vskbfyfl itethstc jgjpbwbeh<br />

3lfbwfdb cfmfhsdtkjc48<br />

^8 KTDFY UJHUBFIDBKC 2 *<br />

okbs lf ^ sdbs gfnbvhj,f9<br />

*8 ,TCJ UJHUBFIDBKC 2 !^<br />

okbs gfnbvhj,f fmds vbc]bkb8 bcbyb<br />

@__) okbc fmwbt,bc fmnbehb vjyfobktyb<br />

lf bhfrkb ,fsbfidbkbc f[kj<br />

vtuj,ht,b fhbfy8 yfhrjnbrekb<br />

ybdsbtht,bc it’tyf-ityf[dbc ,hfklt,bs<br />

uffcfvfhsktc8 ,hfklt,bc v[fhtv<br />

dth f[cyf7 hfnjv fh vjbodbtc vjovtt,b<br />

gbhflb x[htrbc lhjc8 cfmvtib<br />

fhct,j,c dbltjvfcfkfw7 hjvtkptw<br />

fh xfyc fhw yfhrjnbrekb ybdsbtht,bc<br />

uflfwtvbc lf fhw x[htrbc vjvtynb7<br />

bvbc vbe[tlfdfl7 hjv rfvthf<br />

bywbltynbc flubkblfy f[kjc b.j<br />

lfvjynf;t,ekb8 ujhubfidbkt,b fhfcjltc<br />

.jabkfy itvxytekb yfhrjnbrt,bc<br />

vj[vfht,fib8<br />

fv * flfvbfybc ufhlf7 rjvbcbbc<br />

c[ljvfpt b[bkt,jlf c[df gbhsf<br />

cfmvtt,bw8 ufy[bkdf uh’tklt,f lf<br />

vfssfy lfrfdibht,bs rjvbcbf itvltu<br />

c[ljvfpt ufvjbnfyc lflutybkt,fc8<br />

RJVBCBFV BVC}TKF LF<br />

UFLFO.DBNF7 EF[KJTC<br />

VJVFDFKIB<br />

UFYCFRESHT,EKB7<br />

CGTWBFKEHB<br />

UFYW[FLT,BS<br />

UFVJT[VFEHJC<br />

}THKBL ’FHBFC LF<br />

}FV,EK OEKFBFC<br />

GFNBVHJ,FC8<br />

gjkbngfnbvht,fl fqbfht,ek<br />

gbhsf itcf[t, byajhvfwbf lf cfmvtt,bc<br />

vfcfkt,b vbtojlt,f flfvbfybc<br />

eakt,fsf cfthsfijhbcj jhufybpfwbt,cf<br />

lf cfmfhsdtkjib frhtlbnt,ek<br />

lbgkjvfnbeh vbcbt,c8<br />

CFPJUFLJT,FC LBMNFNEHBC OBYFFQVLTU<br />

[VBC FVFQKT,BCRTY VJDEOJLT,S=<br />

@__% okbc @^ st,thdfkc lbmnfnjhvf<br />

vb[tbk cffrfidbkvf cfgfhkfvtynj<br />

nhb,eyblfy<br />

3yekjdfyb njkthfynj,f4 ufvjfw[flf<br />

lf ’fkjdfy jhufyjt,c vjcf[ktj,bc<br />

vfcj,hbdb htghtcbt,bcfrty<br />

vjeojlf=<br />

fv lqbc itvltu cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

gfnbvht,bc hfjltyj,f utjvtnhbekb<br />

ghjuhtcbbs bphlt,f= fv lqblfy<br />

flfvbfyt,c mext,ib [jwfdty=<br />

XDTY7 MFHSDTKVF<br />

GJKBNGFNBVHT,VF7 FV<br />

LQBLFY ^ OKBC ITVLTU<br />

CFC}TKFQCHEKT,BC 1!*<br />

HECSFDBC<br />

LFOTCT,EKT,FIB<br />

THSLQBFYB<br />

UFVFAHS[BKT,TKB<br />

CFGHJNTCNJ IBVIBKJ,F<br />

UFVJDFW[FLTS7<br />

hbsfw mfhsdtk cfpjufljt,fc<br />

lbmnfnehbc obyffqvltu [vbc<br />

fvfqkt,bcf lf ,h’jkbcrty vjdeojlt,s=<br />

GJKBNGFNBVHT,B5 stveh<br />

;jh;jkbfyb7 vtkjh dfxyf’t7<br />

hfvfp cfvyb’t7 fypjh<br />

vtpdhbidbkb7 ktdfy<br />

ujubxfidbkb7 df[nfyu vfbcfbf7<br />

]thkbl ’fhbf8<br />

YJYF MBHBFC VLUJVFHTJ,F BCTD V'BVTF=<br />

2 cfc]tkfqchekt,bc 1% lfotct,ekt,bc<br />

.jabkb vfqfkxbyjcybc lf fv;fvfl<br />

3ptufdktybs dfzhj,bc4 ,hfklt,bs<br />

lfgfnbvht,ekb YJYF MBHBFC ]fyvhstkj,f<br />

vfc itvltu lfv’bvlf7 hfw 1%<br />

/jcgbnfkib yfqdkbc ,einpt fhfchekafcjdyfl<br />

ufrtst,ekvf jgthfwbfv ufhsekt,t,b<br />

ufvjbodbf8 ,hfklt,ekc qdb’kb<br />

fmdc uflblt,ekb7 ezbhc uflfflubkt,f7<br />

ghjwtcib sbhrvtkbw xfshtekbf<br />

lf sfy vfqfkb cbw[tt,b fqtybiyt-<br />

,f8 fvbc ufvj bub cfcfvfhskj c[ljvfptw<br />

dth ofhcluf lf cffdflv.jajib fqvjxylf8<br />

f[kf[fy yjyf mbhbf cffdflv.jajlfy<br />

ufvjothtc lf rdkfd cfgfnbvhjib<br />

lff,heytc7 sevwf7 vlujvfhtj,f ufvjcojht,ekb<br />

fh fhbc7 2 itiajst,ekbf<br />

mbhbfc fldjrfnb stbvehfp yfcf-<br />

hfbf8 w[tkb [fpb bpbfht,c fldjrfnbc<br />

itiajst,fc8 flhtw ufydfw[flts lf<br />

fldjrfnbc gjpbwbfpt lfvfnt,bs7 f[kfw<br />

ufvjdsmdfvs dfhfelc7 hjv fh<br />

fhbc ufhbw[ekb7 yjyf mbhbfc kbrdblfwbf<br />

b.jc lfutuvbkb7 hflufy bub<br />

akj,c rjyrhtnek byajhvfwbt,c<br />

gtybntywbfhekb cbcntvbc vfqfkxbyjcyt,bc<br />

rjheawbfib vjyfobktj,bc<br />

itcf[t,8 cojhtl fvbnjv vjdeojlt,s<br />

.dtkf bycnfywbfc7 dbcfw hfqfw fcgtmnbs<br />

vfbyw t[t,f tc cfrbs[b 2 ufycfresht,ekb<br />

vtsdfk.ehtj,f l fotcjy<br />

yjyf mbhbfc ]fyvhstkj,fpt7 xfenfhjy<br />

chek.jabkb vrehyfkj,f7 fvfcsfy7 ufvjbrdkbjy7<br />

fhfrdfkbabwbehfl xfnfht,ekb<br />

jgthfwbf b.j obyfcofh ufyphf[ekb<br />

mvtlt,f se eyt,kbt itwljvfc<br />

/mjylf flubkb=<br />

,FNJYJ ,B"BYF7 GFNBVHT,VF<br />

[TKBCEAKT,BC<br />

FATHT,B UFDIBAHTS=<br />

cfc]tkfqchekt,bc 1!^ hecsfdbc<br />

lfotct,ekt,fib v.jab vc]fdhlt,ekt,b7<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc vjcf[ktj-<br />

,fc lf bv vc]fdhlt,ekt,c7 dbcfw fhxtdyt,ib<br />

vjyfobktj,bc eakt,f vbtwtvfs7<br />

vjubojlt,s7 v[fhb lfezbhjs<br />

,fnjy ,b’byf bdfybidbkc lf<br />

vbc ueylc7 [vf vbcwts vjvfdfk fhxtdyt,ib7<br />

hflufy ,fnjy ,b’byfc itcotdc<br />

’fkf7 mfhsekb jwyt,f htfkj-<br />

,fl fmwbjc7 hfw uekbc[vj,c xdtyb<br />

j]f[t,bc lf cfvij,kjc rtsbklqtj,fc8<br />

tc rtsbklqtj,f [jv erdt (<br />

otkbf7 hfw itfath[f lqtdfyltkvf<br />

lt afmnj [tkbceakt,fv lf vbcvf<br />

gbhdtkvf gbhvf8<br />

!))@ otkc ufvjidt,ek7 recnfhekfl<br />

yf,tzl ,hjiehfib sbsmjc<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc ef[ktcb bcnjhbf lf<br />

f[kj vjvfdfkbf fcf[ekb8 ,hjiehfc<br />

/mdbf 3VCJAKBJC .DTKFPT WYJ-<br />

,BKB FATHT,B48 dffyfkbpt,s cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

vbvlbyfht vjdktyt,c<br />

lf udhxt,f isf,tzlbkt,f7 hjv cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

[tkbceakt,bc evfqktcb<br />

gbht,b cojhtl fv obuybs [tkv’qfytkj,ty7<br />

cflfw vfhnbd7 cfiefkj<br />

lf hsek rfntujhbt,fl fhbc lf.jabkb<br />

fatht,b8 xdtyc mdt.fyfib vfhnbdb<br />

lf cfiefkj rfntujhbt,b sfyvbvltdhj,bs<br />

ufy[jhwbtklf !))*-<br />

@__# okt,ib7 hjwf ]th ufvjxylyty<br />

lf vtht lfvrdblhlyty lqtdfyltkb<br />

[tkbceakt,b7 [jkj @__# OKBLFY<br />

BO.T,F HSEKB RFNTUJHBBC FAT-<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

HT,B8 CFFVBCJL ]TH BMVYT,F<br />

HSEKB RFNTUJHBBC FATHT,BC<br />

UFYCF[JHWBTKT,TKB CFRFYJY-<br />

VLT,KJ ,FPF7 [LT,F RJYCNB-<br />

NEWBBC VJHUT,F8 UDHXT,F ISF-<br />

,TZLBKT,F7 HJV DBYW FV ,HJ-<br />

IEHFC OFBRBS[FDC7 OBYFCOFH<br />

TWJLBYT,F7 VJVFDFKIB HF FAT-<br />

HT,C UFYF[JHWBTKT,TY LQTDFY-<br />

LTKB [TKBCEAKT,B7 SE ’FKF-<br />

EAKT,FC ITBYFHXEYT,TY8 c[dfsfijhbc7<br />

bvfdt ,hjiehfib vjs[hj-<br />

,bkbf vcufdcb fathf7 hjujhcfw cffrfidbkb<br />

zfj,ib mfkfm kfpbrfc fityt,bs<br />

fgbht,c8 dhoveylt,bs7 hjv<br />

fqybiyekb ,hjiehf cffrfidbkbc<br />

cfvfublj obuybf lf dbcfw cehc7 fv<br />

ht;bvbc vjvfdfk ututvt,c uftwyjc7<br />

tc obuyb eylf ofbrbs[jc8 fvbc itvltu<br />

fv ht;bvcf lf ,b’byf bdfybidbkbc<br />

ueylc ijhbc fhxtdfybc ufrtst,f<br />

vjcf[ktj,fc fqfh ufezbhlt-<br />

,f=<br />

,fnjyj ,b’byf= bmyt,7 vjb’bjs<br />

tc ,hjiehf7 [tkf[kf ufvjcwts lblb<br />

nbhf;bs lf vjcf[ktj,fc fhxtdfybc<br />

ufrtst,f ufefldbkjs0= udbuekts<br />

smdtyc thsuek v[fhlfvztht,fl8<br />

1!^ HECSFDBC<br />

LFOTCT,EKT,FIB V.JAB<br />

VC]FDHLT,EKT,B5 pehf,<br />

byfidbkb7 kfif f,hfvbidbkb7<br />

ktdfy f,hfvbidbkb7 df[nfyu<br />

f,hfvfidbkb8<br />

YJYF<br />

VBMTKF’T<br />

,HFKC<br />

CLT,C<br />

RTCJ<br />

LFYTKBFC=<br />

2 yjyf vbmtkf’tc7 hjvtkcfw vrthlpt cbvcbdyt fmdc lf<br />

ufvjrdktdfc bs[jdlf7 1% lfotct,ekt,bc vsfdfhvf tmbvvf<br />

rtcj lfytkbfv vrthlpt [tkb /rhf lf vbf'f[f5 3vtpbpqt,bs<br />

yfhrjvfyt,b7 .dtkfyb ths lqtc vtyf[ts vbofib47 2 udbs[hf<br />

vbmtkf’bc vjyf[ekt,bc itvltu vbcvf fldjrfnvf ]EV,TH<br />

VBKJHFDFV8 vbcb smvbs7 yjyf vbmtkf’t fvbc ufvj<br />

qbhct,fitkf[ekfl uh’yj,c sfdc8 3xtvb lfyfifekbc ufvj vt<br />

cfc]tkc bctlfw db[lb7 vj[vfht,bc yfobkib ,hfklt,fc rbltw<br />

dfqbfht, lf sfy dbyfybt,8 .jdtklqt dkjwekj,7 fqcfht,fc<br />

dfv,j,7 dtpbfht,b lf dwlbkj,7 ufvjdbc.blj8 rtcj lfytkbf<br />

rb7 bvbc vfubdhfl7 sfdbcb vjdfktj,f itfchekjc lf<br />

vbvrehyfkjc7 vfvwbht,c lf ufyvbrbs[fdc7 hbsfw lfvfnt,bs<br />

nrbdbkc vf.tyt,c74 2 itvjesdfkf ]ev,th vbkjhfdfc gbhbs<br />

w[tk [fpc vc]fdhlt,ekvf yjyf vbmtkf’tv8<br />

}EV,TH VBKJHFDF5 2 tmbvc7 gbhdtk<br />

hbuib7 gfwbtynpt pheydfc fdfklt,ekt,c<br />

/bgjrhfntc abwb8 tmbvc<br />

eakt,f fhf fmdc7 seylfw lfvyfifdtc<br />

lf gfnbvfhc 2 efhb es[hfc lf[vfht,fpt7<br />

vbsevtntc7 hjv bub jabwbfkehfl<br />

veifj,c cfc]tkfqchekt,bc<br />

lfotct,ekt,fib8 cfvoe[fhjl7<br />

rtcjc vcufdcb tmbvt,b ]fkfst-<br />

,fl bmwyty lf [tkafcc gfnbvht,bc<br />

vrehyfkj,bc yfwdkfl7 ]fkfsj,fib<br />

bqt,ty= vt yjyf vbmtkf’tc gbhflfl<br />

dtcfe,ht lf jmvbw itdflubyt7<br />

cflfw vfy lfodhbkt,bs vjvbs[hj<br />

bvbc itcf[t,7 hfptw 3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkib4<br />

smdty lfothts8 hjwf rtcj lfytkbfc<br />

yf[dfc bs[jdlf7 ths-thsvf<br />

tmbvvf vfc itehfw[.jaf vbf.tyf lf<br />

ufqbpbfyt,ekvf vbf’f[f 2 uekb ye<br />

ufvbo.fkt ityb vrthlbc nrbdbkbsj<br />

lf hrbybc rfht,b vstkb ’fkbs vbf-<br />

]f[eyf7 hf lhjcfw yjyfc vfh]dtyf<br />

[tkbc cfxdtyt,tkb lf ief sbsb vj.-<br />

df8 3CFXDTYT,TKB SBSBC PTLF<br />

YFOBKB VJVO.LF7 [JKJ IEF<br />

SBSB VJVN.LF8 FV;FVFL SBSB<br />

VBRTHT,EKB VFMDC LF IEF SB-<br />

SB SF,FIBHIBF8 VUH’YJ,TKJ-<br />

,F LFDRFHUT8 AFMNJ,HBDFL7<br />

LFD[TB,HLB8 ,HFKC DLT, VSF-<br />

DFH TMBVC RTCJ LFYTKBFC7 HJ-<br />

VTKVFW XTVSDBC CFVTLBWBYJ<br />

LF[VFHT,FC SFDB FFHBLF7 [J-<br />

KJ BV TMBVBC VBVFHS7 DBYW SB-<br />

ST,B VJVNT[F7 ,HFKLT,BCUFY<br />

SFDC DBRFDT,7 HFLUFY V[WJDF-<br />

YBF LF VTWJLT,F8 c[dfsfijhbc7<br />

lfotct,ekt,bc lbhtmnjhvf VTLTF<br />

FKFYBFV fv itvs[dtdfib uekbc[vbtht,f<br />

ufvjbxbyf lf ufvjrdktdt,pt<br />

ufvb.dfyf47 2 fv,j,c xtvsdbc vjwtvek<br />

f[cyf-ufyvfhnt,fib gfnbvfhb<br />

yjyf vbmtkf’t lf xtvc vbth<br />

itlutybk jmvc vfhw[tyf [tkbs<br />

fothc [tkc7 2 ufyfw[flf fldjrfnvf<br />

]ev,th vbkjhfdfv8


fldjrfnb7 .jabkb<br />

gjkbwbtkb RF[F MFHLFDF<br />

ctyfrib ,b’fcsfy cnevhfl<br />

bv.jat,jlf7 hjwf<br />

( itbfhfqt,ekvf flfvbfyvf<br />

lffrfdf8 vjudbfyt,bs uffhrdbf7<br />

hjv gjkbwbbcsdbc<br />

obyffqvltuj,bc ufotdfc<br />

tlfdt,jlyty7 sevwf7 sfdfl<br />

mfhlfdf bhoveyt,f7 hjv vbcb<br />

lfrfdt,f b.j thsudfhb<br />

fyufhbicojht,f7 dbyfblfy ic<br />

vbybcnhbc lf cfgfnhekj<br />

gjkbwbbc mdtvj mfhskbc<br />

cfvvfhsdtkjc obyffqvltu<br />

lfj,lf7 vfs vbth erfyjyj<br />

fmnt,bc ufvjwtvbc ufvj8<br />

rf[f mfhlfdfc !*#-t ve[kbs<br />

!_ lqbs gfnbvhj,f<br />

ufyecfpqdhtc lf ctyfrbc<br />

lhjt,bsb lfrfdt,bc<br />

bpjkfnjhib fqvjxylf8 bm vfy<br />

sfdbcb sdfkbs b[bkf<br />

pqdfhuflfcekb erfyjyj,f lf<br />

rjheawbf8<br />

RF[F MFHLFDF5 2 !*#-t ve[kbc cfae’dtkpt<br />

lfcfdktsbc htubjyib efvhfdb<br />

flfvbfyb b[lbc cfc]tkc8 flfvbfyt,bc<br />

lfcfzthfl fghj,bht,ek lf<br />

vjleh cfiefkt,fl bmwf vfssdbc<br />

gjkbwbbcflvb lfevjhxbkt,kj,bc<br />

,hfklt,bc of.tyt,f8 cfiefkjl7 !__lfy<br />

)( fv ve[kbs fhbc lfrfdt,ekb<br />

bvbc vbe[tlfdfl7 hjv lfgfnbvht,f fv<br />

ve[kbc erblehtcb qjybc’bt,ff lf<br />

]fhbvbs fy ufvfcojht,tkb cfveifjt,bs<br />

itvjafhudkfw itb’kt,f8<br />

bpjkfnjhib chekb ufyerbs[fj,ff8<br />

ufctbhyt,bc gthcgtmnbdf bvf-<br />

ptf lfvjrblt,ekb7 flubkj,hbdb<br />

sfyfvihjvtkb hjujhb sdfkbs<br />

itvju[tlfdc8 ufcfctbhyt,tkb jsf-<br />

[b cfrfypt jlyfd lblbf lf bvbs ufyc[dfdlt,f7<br />

hjv zthbc yfwdkfl ubcjct,bf7<br />

cfblfyfw /fthb sfdbceakfl<br />

itvjlbc8<br />

gfnbvht,bcsdbc cfrdt,pt ’bhbsflfl<br />

j]f[bc otdht,b pheyfdty lf vjfmds7<br />

fhflf7 otcbs rdt,f cf[tkvobajc<br />

[fh]pt eylf b.jc lf fvbcsdbc<br />

cjkblehb abyfyct,bf ufvj.jabkb8<br />

ufyfotcbs7 bpjkfnjhib lqtib<br />

cfv]th eylf ufvjrdt,jy gfnbvf-<br />

TKVBHF F,LEKFTDFC<br />

UFVJRDKTDT,C EZBFYEHT,TY=<br />

2 xtvb lfwdbc mdti v.ja TKVB-<br />

HF F,LEKFTDFC7 tmbvbc it.dfybc7<br />

ufcby]dbcf lf vrehyfkj,bc lfybidybc<br />

yfwdkfl RTCJ LFYTKBFV<br />

fdflv.jaj,bc cbvekfwbf lfcofvf8<br />

fhflf7 vbcb ]fyvhstkj,bc v’bvt<br />

vlujvfhtj,bc fvcf[dtkb xfyfotht-<br />

,b fhct,j,c7 2 es[hf w[tk [fpc<br />

fldjrfnvf STBVEHFP YFCFHFBFV8<br />

3fcfdfk-lfcfdfkbc4 obyf yjvthibw<br />

dothlbs7 hjv fv vc]fdhlt,ekc<br />

vrehyfkj,f tcfzbhjt,jlf7 sevwf7<br />

rtcj lfytkbf7 tn.j,f7 w[tkb [fpbc<br />

rhbnbrekb ge,kbrfwbt,bs<br />

CFFRFIDBKBC<br />

HT;BVB CTYFRIB<br />

GFNBVHT,C<br />

FIBVIBKT,C=<br />

fhbc ufyfo.tyt,ekb lf fdflv.ja<br />

vc]fdhlt,ekc lf[vfht,bc yfwdkfl7<br />

wbkbcofvt,bs ekf[fdc<br />

qbhct,fc8 fewbkt,tkbf7 tkvbhf<br />

f,lekftdfc lbfuyjpb hfw itb’kt-<br />

,f cohfafl ufytcfpqdhjc7 hfsf vtht<br />

vrehyfkj,bc rehcb lfbybiyjc8<br />

obyffqvltu itvs[dtdfib7 vlujvfhtj,f<br />

v’bvlt,f7 sevwf7 rtcj lfytkbf<br />

lfyfifekt,hbdfl fzbfyeht,c<br />

lhjc7 hbsfw gfwbtynbc ]fyvhstkj,fc<br />

lf itcf’kjf7 cbwjw[ktcfw<br />

cfahs[tib fult,c7 2<br />

fw[flt,c stbvehfp yfcfhfbf8<br />

RFYJYBC ABMNBEHJ,FV<br />

GFNBVHBC CBRDLBKB<br />

UFVJBODBF=<br />

cfc]tkfqchekt,bc 1!( cfvrehyfkj lfotct,ekt,fib vc]fdhlt,ekb<br />

PFPF UBUFEHB ufhlfbwdfkf8 vfc vt-$ cnflbbc cbvcbdyt /mjylf lf ]fyvhstkj,bc<br />

vlujvfhtj,blfy ufvjvlbyfht7 cfpjufljt,bcsdbc cfahs[tc<br />

fqfh ofhvjflutylf8 ]fyvhstkj,f @__) okblfy ufeefhtclf lf @_!!<br />

okfvlt vbcb vlujvfhtj,f velvbdfl v’bvlt,jlf7 sevwf7 lfotct,ekt,bc<br />

flvbybcnhfwbfc mvtlbsb pjvt,b fh vbeqbf7 hfsf gfnbvfhc rdfkbabwbehb<br />

cfvtlbwbyj ufvjrdktdt,b xfnfht,jlf lf lbfuyjpb lfcvekb.j8 UF-<br />

YEREHYT,TKB CTYBS LFFDFLT,EKB $* OKBC VC]FDHLT,EKB GF-<br />

NBVHJ,BC ITCF[T, CFMFHSDTKJC RFYJYBC AFHUKT,IB EGBHJ,J<br />

UFSFDBCEAKT,FC7 T8O8 3FMNBHJDRFC4 TMDTVLT,FHT,JLF7 SEVWF7 CB-<br />

WJW[KBC ERFYFCRYTKB LQTT,BC J]F[BC OTDHSF UFHTVJWDFIB<br />

UFNFHT,BC ITCF’KT,KJ,F VJVFRDLFDC FH VBCWTC= TC AFMNB YFST-<br />

KB LFLFCNEHT,FF7 HJV GFNBVHJ,BC ITCF[T, RFYJYIB CFC]TKBC<br />

UFLFDFLT,BC VTMFYBPVB V[JKJL ABMWBFF7 hjwf kfvbc fujybfib v.jab<br />

vjvfrdlfdb gfnbvhbc vlujvfhtj,f fh afclt,f v’bvtl7 hfw uflfdflt-<br />

,bc obyfgbhj,f eylf uf[ltc= fhfcfvsfdhj,j jhufybpfwbbc 3f[fkufphlt,b<br />

cfvfhskbfyj,bcfsdbc4 vwltkj,f vjvfrdlfdb pfpf ubufehbc ufcfsfdbceakt,kfl<br />

2 eitltujl lfcheklf8 gfnbvfhb ufhlfbwdfkf7 hjvkbc<br />

rfyjybthb eakt,t,b cbwjw[kbc ,jkj oest,fvlt lfbhqdf= sehvt7<br />

rdfkbabwbehb lf[vfht,bc yfwdkfl7<br />

WB[BC TMBVT,B V’BVT FDFLV.JAC # OKBC UFYVFDKJ,FIB<br />

V[JKJL DFKTHBFYBC ODTST,C FCVTDLYTY=<br />

hb7 sevwf7 SFYFVIHJVKT,C HFQFW<br />

AEHWKT,B ITFMDS CFRYT,IB LF<br />

GFNBVHT,C [TKBC VJOTHFC FB’E-<br />

KT,TY7 SBSMJC CFRDT,B CFVBDT-<br />

]TH VBBQJ8 BV AEHWTKPT HF-<br />

WBJYBC XFVJYFSDFKBW FHBC LF<br />

SE HJVTKBVT GFNBVFHB EFHC<br />

BN.DBC [TKBC VJOTHFPT7 VFC HF-<br />

BVT .JABS GHJ,KTVFC ITEMV-<br />

YBFY7 DSMDFS 2 CF,FYFJL FH OF-<br />

B.DFYTY8 cfrfyib fhw jyrfybf lf fhw<br />

cdtkb othnbkb lf itb’kt,f7 o.fkbw<br />

rb fh vbfojljy7 hjwf ehxb gfnbvfhb<br />

o.ehdbkbs b[hxj,f8 nefktnb<br />

cfrybc ufhts fhbc lf ufcf.dfyfl<br />

sfyfvihjvtkb eylf itoe[ltc8<br />

fv v[hbdfw itb’kt,f7 3ehx4 gfnbvfhc<br />

ufezbfyehjy lf uffodfkjy8 lqtib<br />

v[jkjl #-$-]th uf/.fds gfnbvfhb<br />

lf itb’kt,f7 [tkbc lf,fyf zfvbc gthbjlc<br />

fhw lftvs[dtc8<br />

bpjkfnjhib [tkvjrkt j]f[t,bc<br />

otdht,bw fhbfy8 ufycfresht,bs vfs<br />

ezbhs bvbc ufvj7 hjv cf[tkvobajcufy<br />

ufycfpqdhek ekeafc dth bqt-<br />

,ty8 VPFL DFH7 YT,BCVBTHB CFTH-<br />

SFIJHBCJ SE FLUBKJ,HBDB<br />

LFVRDBHDT,KBC OBYFIT FV CBN.-<br />

DT,PT GFCE[BCVUT,KJ,F DBNDBH-<br />

SJ7 HJV BPJKFNJHIB GFNBV-<br />

HT,BCSDBC CFRDT,B FH HBULT,F=<br />

FH UFVJDHBW[FD7 HJV FLVBYBCN-<br />

HFWBF FV VBPYBS UFVJ.JABK<br />

SFY[T,C BSDBCT,C7 [JKJ FKB-<br />

,BC ITCFMVYTKFL7 GFNBVHT,C [TKC<br />

FOTHBYT,C7 SBSMJC CFRDT,B VB-<br />

BQTC= sfy[bc ufothfc f[ltyty lf vtht<br />

tc sfy[f dbqfwbc ]b,tib bktmt,f=<br />

gfnbvht,c fv stvfpt kfgfhfrbc xfvjult,bc<br />

tibybfs7 hflufy vfs fifynf;t,ty<br />

lf !_-lqbfyb gfnbvhj,bc<br />

)_ lqtvlt ufphlbs fy cbc[kbccfvfhskt,hbdb<br />

gfce[bcvut,kj,bc fq-<br />

’dhbs tvemht,bfy= vfssdbc [jv cfmvbc<br />

itsbs[dyf ’fkpt bjkbf=<br />

hjltcfw bm .jaybcfc cffgtkfwbj<br />

cfxbdfhc dothlb7 sfdc jhb gbhjdyt,f<br />

lfvfluf7 vfs ijhbc thsb 2 gjkbwbbc<br />

ajhvfib b.j8 vbs[htc 2 f[kf<br />

ity ’fkbfy ,tdhc se vjbs[jd7<br />

wel fv,t,c lfuvfhst,s lf vtht lftkjlt<br />

bv ityc fqiajst,ek cfthsfijhbcj<br />

lfvrdbhdt,kt,cj8 wjkidbkb<br />

[jv u.fdc ufhtsj0 2 fhwse<br />

bhb,fl vbvfybiytc fyufhbicojht,fpt8<br />

vt sdbsjy .jabkb gjkbwbtkb<br />

dfh lf pecnfl dbwb7 hfc hf<br />

vbpybs fv,j,ty fcts lhjc7 hf vtsjlt,bs<br />

veifj,ty= hjwf itybs<br />

lfbynthtct,f vbybcnhbc ljytptf<br />

lf fm fcts hfvtc ute,yt,bfy7 yfvldbkfl<br />

fh [evhj,ty lf cfahs[t htfkehbf=<br />

tctyb .dtkfathpt fhbfy ofvcdktkt,b=<br />

w[tkb [fpb itcf,fvbc bycnfywbt,c<br />

vjeojlt,c7 lfe.jdyt,kbd lfbo.jy<br />

ufvj’bt,f fldjrfn rf[f mfhlfdfc<br />

vbth w[tk [fpsfy uf;qtht-<br />

,ek afmnt,pt lf lfflubyjy7 dby<br />

f’ktdc sfdc eakt,fc7 gfnbvht,bc<br />

ufvjcfrdt,fl cf[tkvobajc vbth<br />

ufvj.jabkb sfy[f c[df vbvfhsekt,bs<br />

uflffvbcfvfhsjc=0 ufvjb’bjy<br />

gfnbvht,pt ifynf;bcf lf acbmjkjubehb<br />

se abpbrehb ptvjmvtlt,bc<br />

afmnt,b lf lfvyfifdt xbyjdybrt,c<br />

rfyjybc obyfit fut,byjy gfce[b=<br />

3SFDBCEAKT,F LQTC XDTYB8884<br />

GFNBVFHB MFKT,B<br />

IBVIBKJ,TY=<br />

fldjrfnvf ]ev,th vbkjhfdfv mfksf 1% lfotct,ekt,blfy<br />

ufvjbnfyf byajhvfwbf lfotct,ekt,fib fhct,ekb v’bvt<br />

cf.jafw[jdht,j gbhj,t,bc itcf[t,8 gfnbvht,vf fvbc itcf[t,<br />

othbkj,bs ufyew[fltc vfc8<br />

3ufecf’kbc gbhj,t,ib dfhs= ufs-<br />

,j,bc uf.dfybkj,bc vbe[tlfdfl7 fh<br />

fhbc cbs,j lf hjv fh ufdb.byjs7<br />

gjkbtsbktybc ,jskt,ib w[tk<br />

o.fkc dfc[fvs lf fct ds,t,bs8 rdt,f<br />

fhbc ’fkbfy welb8 cfrdt,ib fhbc ]fyvhstkj,bcsdbc<br />

cfpbfyj7 ufehrdtdtkb<br />

itvflutykj,bc w[bvb7 hjvtkbw<br />

ufcnhbnt,c7 qdb’kbc lf yfqdkbc<br />

,einbc gfsjkjubt,c bodtdc=<br />

fm ytkb cbrdlbkbs udrkfdty= vjudt[vfhts=4<br />

2 ufyufibc pfht,c fhbc-<br />

[t,ty vc]fdhlt,ekb vfylbkjcyt,b8<br />

}EV,TH VBKJHFDF5 2 1% lfotct,ekt,f<br />

ufcek rdbhfc vjdbyf[ekt<br />

lf ths-thsb vfylbkjcfyb gfnbv-<br />

vfc itvltu7 hfw [tkvf [fpvf cfvelfvj<br />

gfnbvhj,fvbc]bk STBVEHFP<br />

+,FXJ‘ IFHFITYB’BC byajhvfwbfpt<br />

ufyufib fnt[f bvfcsfy lfrfdibht-<br />

,bs7 hjv cfc]tkfqchekt,bc 1^<br />

hecsfdbc lfotct,ekt,fib uh’tkdflbfyb<br />

gftvyt,b sdbsyt,ehfl b.j frh’fkekb7<br />

gftvyt,b rdkfd lfeidtc8<br />

wb[bc flvbybcnhfwbf sfdblfy wlbkj,lf7<br />

bct ofhvjtxbyf7 hjv gftvyt-<br />

,b fh itpqelekf7 sevwf7 afmnb cf-<br />

[tpt b.j7 hjv ufhrdtekb gthbjlbc<br />

ufyvfdkj,fib fhwthsb gftvfyb fh<br />

itvlufhf8 gftvyt,sfy thsfl7 sdbs-<br />

hbcufy vbdbqt byajhvfwbf7 hjv<br />

lfotct,ekt,fib vc]fdhlt,eksf<br />

thsb ]ueab ibvibkj,c8 ibvibkj,bc<br />

vjs[jdyt,ib cf.jafw[jdht,j<br />

cfrbs[t,b abuehbht,c8 vfylbkjcyt,b<br />

ufycfresht,ekfl fghjntcnt,ty<br />

vjrktdflbfyb gftvyt-<br />

,bc lhjc f[kj,kt,sfy ieibc<br />

nb[fhc vbqvf it[dtlhfc7 hflufy<br />

idbkt,sfy it[t,bc lf vjatht,bc<br />

cfiefkt,f fhf fmds7 hfw vfssdbc<br />

ofvt,bc njkafcbf8 fqcfybiyfdbf7<br />

hjv vjmvtlb rfyjyvlt,kj-<br />

,f gftvyt,pt ieibc nb[hbc ufvj-<br />

.tyt,bc fewbkt,kj,fc fh bsdfkbcobyt,c8<br />

1^ LFOTCT,EKT,FIB<br />

UH"TKDFLBFYB<br />

GFTVYT,B FQLUF=<br />

yt,ehfl b.j itpqelekb cfntktajyj<br />

rjveybrfwbt,bw8 jhbdt<br />

rjveybrfwbf fv;fvfl fqlutybkbf7<br />

dbyfblfy flvbybcnhfwbbcsdbc<br />

wyj,bkb uf[lf7 hjv fv cfrbs[bs<br />

eakt,flfvwdtkt,b lfbynthtclyty<br />

lf ufcfxbdht,fw b.j lfutuvbkb8<br />

1^ LFOTCT,EKT,BLFY W[TK<br />

[FPC GFNBVHT,VF VFLKJ,F IT-<br />

VJESDFKTC7 XDTY RB7 .JDTKB-<br />

DTC VBE[TLFDFL7 VFLKJ,FC DE[-<br />

LBS LBHTMNJH LFDBS VFHUT-<br />

,F’TC7 HFLUFY OTCHBUB FV V[HBD<br />

F[KF VFBYW FQLUF7 bvtlbf 2 fhf<br />

v[jkjl vjrkt lhjbs8<br />

UH'TKDFLBFY<br />

GFTVYT,C BS[JDTY=<br />

uh’tkdflbfyb gftvyt,b cfthsjl fh fhct,j,c cfc]tkfqchekt,bc hbu<br />

lfotct,ekt,t,ib8 vfs ijhbc fhbc 1) lfotct,ekt,f7 s,bkbcib7 vfnhjcjdbc<br />

mexfpt7 cflfw icc-c .jabkb sfyfvihjvkt,b b[lbfy cfc]tkc8<br />

vc]fdhlt,ekvf VTHF, UJHUF’TV sfdbcb fldjrfnbc7 ktdfy vfvekf’bc<br />

cfiefkt,bs w[tk [fpc fwyj,f7 hjv UH’TKDFLBFYB GFTVYBCSDBC LF-<br />

OTCT,EKB ^_ KFHB SEYLFW UFFXYLTC [TKVJRKT J]F[C7 FCTSB<br />

GFTVFYB VFBYW DTH ITLUT,F7 HFLUFY CFFVBCJ BYAHFCNHEMNEHF FV<br />

TNFGPT FH FHCT,J,C7 [JKJ GTYBNTYWBFHEKB CBCNTVBC VBTH LF-<br />

GBFHT,EKB #-DFHCRDKFDBFYB CFCNEVHJT,B V[JKJL HFVLTYBVT<br />

LFOTCT,EKT,FIBF FUT,EKB8 uh’tkdflbfyb gftvfyb bctsbdt afhcbf7<br />

hjujhbw c[df wbybrehb cgtmnfrkt,b7 vfufkbsfl7 t8o8 dbltjgftvfyb7 gfnbvht,bc<br />

#-lqbfyb idt,ekt,bc eakt,f lf f8i8 2 fv,j,c vthf, ujhuf’t<br />

lf gfhkfvtynfh LBVBNHB KJHSMBAFYB’TC7 ]JYLB ,FQFSEHBFC7<br />

fctdt KFIF SJHLBFC lf cf[fk[j lfvwdtk UBJHUB NEQEIC fqybiyek<br />

lfotct,ekt,fib cnevhj,fc cs[jdc7 hfsf vfs sfdbfysb sdfkbs<br />

b[bkjy lfotct,ekt,bc vlujvfhtj,bc rfyjysfy itecf,fvj,f8<br />

vthf, ujhuf’t ]jylb ,fqfsehbfc bybwbfnbdfc 2 fvybcnbfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs7<br />

vce,emfl frhbnbrt,c lf w[tk [fpc cs[jdc7 ufvjfmdt.yjc fv<br />

ghjtmnsfy lfrfdibht,ekb vbcb itybidyt,b5<br />

VTHF, UJHUF’T5 2 fewbkt,tkbf7 cfpjufljt,fv bwjltc7 hjv @^_-t<br />

ve[kbs +yfhrjvfybf‘ cfc]tkc b[lbfy bctsb flfvbfyt,bw7 dbcfw fhfcjltc<br />

sdfkbs fh eyf[fds yfhrjnbrb8 se fv ve[ksfy lfrfdibht,bs fvybcnbbc<br />

vjs[jdyfc fgbht,s7 itwljvff smdtytekb dfhbfynb7 hjv @^_-t<br />

ve[kbc v[jkjl 6 yfobkb ufemvltc lf 66 yfobkb ufyf[tdhltc8 xtvc cfrfyib<br />

)_ vc]fdhlt,ekblfy @^_-t ve[kbs ## flfvbfybf ufcfvfhskt,ekb8 fmtlfy<br />

!* 2 66 yfobkbs b[lbc cfc]tkc7 !^ 2 666 yfobkbs8 6 yfobkb xtvc<br />

cfrfyib fhwthsc fh fmdc7 [jkj vskbfyfl pjyfib7 cflfw !___-vlt gfnbvfhbf7<br />

cek hfqfw !%-@_ vc]fdhlt,ekc se tmyt,f8 @^_-T VE[KB VSKB-<br />

FYFL ITCFWDKTKBF7 HFLUFY TDHJGFIB YFHRJVFYC LBLB [FYBF7 LFV-<br />

YFIFDTL RB FHF7 FDFLV.JAFL UFYB[BKFDTY8 erblehtc itvs[dtdfib7<br />

se fvybcnbf bmyt,f7 ]j,lf7 bybwbfnjht,c 6 lf 66 yfobkbc vskbfyfl<br />

ufsfdbceakt,fpt7 [jkj 666 yfobkbc vmjytsfsdbc rb 2 cfc]tkbc ufyf[tdht,fpt<br />

lft.tyt,byfs vjs[jdyf=<br />

vc]fdhlt,ekb vthf, ujhuf’t w[tkb [fpbc vbth erfyjyj<br />

gfnbvhfl fhbc fqbfht,ekb8 vbcvf fldjrfnvf ktdfy<br />

vfvekf’tv itudfn.j,byf7 hjv f[kf[fy byf[ekf gfnbvfhb lf<br />

fqvjfxbyf7 hjv vbcb ]fyvhstkj,f cfahs[tibf8 vthf,c erdt<br />

cthbjpekfl foe[t,c /fthbc ervfhbcj,f lf .ehbc velvbdb<br />

nrbdbkt,b8 fewbkt,tkbf vbcsdbc pecnb lbfuyjpbc<br />

ufycfpqdhf lf vrehyfkj,f7 hbcsdbcfw eghbfyb bmyt,f fv<br />

vc]fhlt,ekbc uflf.dfyf cfvrehyfkj lfotct,ekt,fib8<br />

w[tkb [fpb s[jdybs vbvfhsfdc 1) lfotct,ekt,bc<br />

flvbybcnhfwbfc7 ]fyvhstkj,bc fqlutybc vbpybs gfnbvfhb<br />

cfvrehyfkjl ufupfdyjc8<br />

obyfcofh de[lbs vflkj,fc uekbc[vbtht,bcfsdbc8<br />

udthlt,b vjfvpflf pfpf lfdbsfbfv<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 27


28<br />

'TUKT,SFY LF VIHJVTKT,SFY VT,H'JKB [TKBCEAKT,F<br />

s,bkbcib7 sjhybrt<br />

thbcsfdbc mexfpt7<br />

rbhjdbc cf[tkj,bc<br />

xfh[vityt,tkb mfh[ybc<br />

nthbnjhbfpt<br />

sfdvjzhbkb ulbf<br />

ghjktnfhbfnbc lblb<br />

,tkflbc utythfkbcbvec<br />

bjct, cnfkbybc ’tukb8<br />

cffrfidbkvf cnfkbyc<br />

sfdb vjczhf8<br />

lbf[7 cffrfidbkvf vjczhf fv<br />

’tukc sfdb= thsb dbyvt vibthb<br />

rfwb hjv fv epfhvfpfh ’tukc<br />

rdfhw[k,trblfy dth xfvjfult,lf7<br />

[jv w[flbf8 fhfdby bwbc7 dby<br />

b.dyty fv dfylfkehb fmnbc itvchekt,kt,b<br />

lf hfvltyb uflfe[fltc<br />

fvbcfsdbc7 hfvltyb lqt<br />

rdt,fdlyty ghjktnfhbfnbc sfdvjzhbkb<br />

,tkflbc ’tukbs bcbyb<br />

j]f[c8 vybidytkj,f fhwf<br />

fmdc7 dby b.j fvbc itvchekt-<br />

,tkb7 bmyt,7 bcbyb dthw vb[dlyty7<br />

hjv cffrfidbkbc [tkbceakt,bc<br />

vbth ibvibkj,bcsdbc<br />

ufyobhekyb bctd ,tkflvf<br />

lffgehf8 bmyt,7 dthw vb[dlyty7<br />

hjv rbhjdbc mfh[ybc .jabkb<br />

nthbnjhbf7 cflfw ths<br />

lhjc w[jdht,f leqlf7 lqtc<br />

rb yfudbc ,eltl fhbc mwtekb7<br />

lqtdfyltkb ufgfhnf[t-<br />

,ekb lf ufe,tleht,ekb cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

cf[tf8<br />

s,bkbcbc rbhjdbc cf[tkj,bc<br />

xfh[cfityb mfh[fyf fveifdlf<br />

!)## otkc8 sfdlfgbhdtkfl bub<br />

cf,ehq vjo.j,bkj,t,c fvpflt,lf<br />

yfdsj,bc vjvgjdt,tkb<br />

vhtodtkj,bcsdbc8 !)#* okblfy<br />

rb cfresfhb rjycnhemwbbc c[dflfc[df<br />

nbgbcf lf vjltkbc xfh-<br />

[t,bc ofhvjt,f lfbo.j8 lblb<br />

cfvfvekj jvbc lhjc mfh[fyf<br />

eidt,lf cfv[tlhj lfybiyekt-<br />

,bc c[dflfc[df cf[tj,bc cgtwbfkeh<br />

xfh[t,c8 !)$$ otkc ufvjeidf<br />

cf[fhfnj xfh[t,bc gbhdtkb<br />

cfvhtodtkj cthbf lf itvlujv<br />

okt,ib erdt ufphlbkb<br />

vjs[jdybkt,bc lfcfrvf.jabkt,kfl<br />

lfbythuf cf[fhfnj<br />

xfh[t,bc yfrflehb ofhvjt,f8<br />

itvlujv okt,ib mfh[fyf erdt<br />

ghjuhfvekb vfhsdbc xfh[t,cf<br />

lf fdnjvfneh [fpt,c fofhvjt,lf8<br />

s,bkbcbc xfhv[vityt,tk<br />

mfh[fyfib mfhsdtkb by;byht,b<br />

[dtolyty ntmyjkjubt,c lf ofhvfnt,bs<br />

tvcf[eht,jlyty7 fveifdt,yty<br />

ofhvjt,fc8<br />

tc [lt,jlf bv lhjc7 hjwf<br />

cnfkbyb b.j cf,zjsf rfdibhbc<br />

cfsfdtib8 f[kf7 hjwf cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

cnfkbybc lf,flt-<br />

,bc lqtc 2 @! ltrtv,thc lf-<br />

,flt,ekb cffrfidbkb vfhsfdc7<br />

bylecnhbekb ofhvfnt,t,bs<br />

cfmfhsdtkjv v[jkjl chekbfl<br />

ecf[ehb vtvjhbfkt,bcf lf<br />

'tukt,bc ofhvjt,bc cathjib<br />

itb’kt,f bfvf.jc8 f[kf cffrfidbkb<br />

bvbs fvf.j,c7 hjv cnfkbyc<br />

sfdb vjczhf lf bmyt,7 fv cfmvbc<br />

itvchekt,kt,vf fhw bwbfy7 hfnjv<br />

b.j fewbkt,tkb utythfkbcbvecbc<br />

’tukbcsdbc sfdbc vjzhf8<br />

thsb okbc oby7 cffrfidbkbc<br />

,h’fyt,bs7 ujhbc wtynhblfy<br />

qfvbs vfkekfl fbqtc cnfkbybc<br />

’tukb8 cojhtl bc ’tukb7<br />

hjvkbc mdtifw fudbcnjc jvbc<br />

lhjc hecekb fdbfwbbc vbth itibyt,ekb<br />

cffrfidbkb vbofpt<br />

ajhs[fdlf8 bc “tukb7 hjvtkbw<br />

vibifhf vsfdfhcfhlkbc ajhs[dfc<br />

lblb7 sbsmjc bhjybekfl<br />

ufqbvt,ekb sdfkt,bs e.eht,lf8<br />

tc cfvfhw[dbyj rflhb mfhsdtkt,bc<br />

vt[cbtht,blfy fhfcjltc<br />

ofbikt,f=<br />

@! ltrtv,thc lf,flt,ekb<br />

cffrfidbkb @__# otkc ujhtkt,c<br />

tabwt,jlf7 [tkbceakt,fib<br />

eylf vjdblt smdtyb<br />

ertstcb vthvbcbcsdbcj8 bc [tkbceakt,fib<br />

vjdblf7 sevwf7<br />

% otkib cfvfxf,kjcsfy thsfl<br />

kfvbc ujhbw xff,fhf lf hfrb<br />

hecvf ]fhbcrfwvf ubdb sfhufvf’bc<br />

itgbht,ekb aekbc cfyfwdkjl<br />

fh ffatsmf cffrfidbkbc<br />

ajhs[dfpt vjvqbvfhb<br />

cnfkbybc ’tukb7 qfvbs mehlekfl<br />

fbqj bub8 utythfkbcbvecb<br />

gbhmdt lffv[tc7 vfuhfv vfc<br />

gtycbjythb<br />

ybrjkjp<br />

nf,fnf't bc flfvbfyb<br />

uf[kfds7 hjvtkvfw<br />

s,bkbcib7 rbhjdbc<br />

cf[tkj,bc<br />

xfh[vityt,tkb mfh[ybc<br />

nthbnjhbfpt7<br />

sfdvjzhbkb cnfkbybc<br />

’tukb fqvjfxbyf8 bc<br />

3fcfdfk-lfcfdfksfy 4<br />

cfresfh fqiajst,fc<br />

dth vfkfdc8<br />

2 ,fnjyj ybrjkjp7 hf<br />

ufywlf umjylfs7 tc cehfsb<br />

hjv lfbyf[ts0<br />

2rbyfqfv uekb ufvbcrlf7 tc<br />

hjv dyf[t7 vfuhfv hf dmyf7 fhfathb<br />

itvb’kbf7 ufhlf bvbcf7<br />

hjv xtvb fqiajst,f ufvjd[fnj8<br />

.dtkfpt uekcfnrtyb fhbc<br />

bc7 hjv cnfkbyc cfresfh cfvij,kjib<br />

tmwtdbfy fct8 bc .dtkfv<br />

lffafcf7 xdtyc ufhlf8 cnfkbyb<br />

elbltcb gbhjdyt,f b.j7<br />

chekbfl cfvfhskbfyfl<br />

eojlt,lyty vcjakbj [fk[sf<br />

utybfc8 TC CEHFSB FHBC<br />

CBV,JKJ LQTDFYLTKB CF-<br />

MFHSDTKJCB7 CFLFW VIHJ-<br />

VTKB FLFVBFYB FHFDBC<br />

CZBHLT,F8 VFS CNFKBYB RB<br />

FH UFLFFULTC CFYFUDTPT7 CF-<br />

YFUDTPT VJUDBCHJKTC SB-<br />

SJTEKB XDTYUFYB7 HJVTK-<br />

SFW SFDB FH LFUDBPJUFDC7<br />

HJV XDTYB MDT.FYF FUDTIT-<br />

YT,BYF8 vtht hf7 hjv rjveybcneh<br />

gthbjlib udbotdlf fvbc<br />

ufrtst,f8 fvfsufy ufyc[dfdt-<br />

,bs7 cnfkbyc e.dfhlf vihjvtkb<br />

[fk[b lf xdtyw7 Vihjvtkt,b7<br />

cnfkbybc vptc dabwekj,lbs8<br />

tc b.j thsflthsb<br />

gthbjlb cfmfhsdtkjc bcnjhbfib7<br />

hjwf vihjvtkb rfwb<br />

.dtkfpt vtnfl b.j lfafct,ekb8<br />

tctyb cnfkbybc tgjmfc<br />

fdflcf[ctyt,tk gthbjlc eojlt,ty8<br />

FDFLCF[CTYT,TKB GT-<br />

HBJLB F[KF FHBC7 HJWF<br />

FHFATHB VFMDC7 GTYCBBC UFH-<br />

LF LF GTYCBF UFLFCF[FLT,C<br />

FH /.JAYBC8<br />

Vt7 thsb cjaktkb7 egfnhjyj<br />

,bzb7 chekbfl eaekjl<br />

xfvjdtlb s,bkbcib7 gjkbuhfabek<br />

cfcofdkt,tkib<br />

vbdtlb7 cfw[jdht,kfl jsf-<br />

[bw ufvjvb.dtc7 eafcjl vfcofdktc<br />

lf vtht cfvcf[ehbw<br />

vjvwtc8 f[kf it’kt,c cjakblfy<br />

egfnhjyjl xfvjcekb<br />

,bzb s,bkbcib sfdbc ufnfyfc<br />

lf cofdkfc0<br />

Cnfkbyb .jdtk ufpfa[ekpt<br />

afct,c frkt,lf ghjlemnt,c8<br />

jhb vfytsb qbhlf [jhwb7<br />

f[kf [fk[c [jhwbc zfvf<br />

tyfnht,f8 cfl yf[fdlb vfs[jdfhc0<br />

.dtkfc /mjylf sfdbc<br />

hxtybc cfiefkt,f8 mexfib by-<br />

cgtmnjhb lflbjlf7 se fh<br />

veifj,lb7 ufufxtht,lf7 ,byfcfw<br />

vjuwtvlyty lf cfvcf-<br />

[ehcfw8 ihjvbc ptbvb b.j=<br />

CNFKBYC E.DFHLF CFRE-<br />

SFHB MDT.FYF LF VIHJVT-<br />

KB [FK[B8 EAFCJ CFCF-<br />

LBKJT,C RB FH [CYBLF7<br />

AF,HBRF-MFH[YT,C [CYBLF7<br />

HJV [FK[C TIHJVF LF CF-<br />

RESFHB IHJVBS THXBYF<br />

SFDB8 hecsfdb vfiby b.j<br />

nhbfkb vbyljhb8 cfmfhsdtkjlfy<br />

f[fkufphlt,b ehfkib<br />

ufupfdytc cfcofdkt,kfl7<br />

es[htc7 hjv xfvj[dfks7<br />

gbhdtkb ajkflb hecsfdib<br />

smdty eylf ufvjflyjsj8<br />

f[fkufphlt,c uferdbhlfs7<br />

fm nhbfkb vbyljhbf lf hjujhj0<br />

hjv xfvj[dfks7 .dtkfathb<br />

lfu[dlt,fsj8 vfhskfw7<br />

bc ,bzt,b hjv xfvjdblty7<br />

vtnfkehubekb mfh-<br />

[fyfw b.j hecsfdib lf<br />

cfw[jdht,tkb rjhgect,bw8<br />

CFFRFIDBKVF<br />

CNFKBYC<br />

SFDB VJCZHF<br />

dth lfe[eztc sdfkt,b7 cflfw<br />

mdt.ybc lqtdfyltkb vsfdfhcfhlkbc<br />

vbofpt ajhs[dbc rflhb<br />

b.j fq,tzlbkb8 f[kf cffrfidbkvf<br />

cnfkbyc sfdb vjczhf7 vfuhfv<br />

vfc vfbyw uf[tkbkb lfhxf<br />

sdfkt,b lf fv uf[tkbk sdfkt,ib<br />

bctd yfskfl xfyc tc cfvfhw[dyj<br />

rflhb8<br />

2 3VT DBWB7 HJV XTVB CBR-<br />

YBRJKJP NF,FNF'T5<br />

CNFKBYC RB FHF7<br />

CFMFHSDTKJC<br />

VJCZHTC SFDB=<br />

vt hjv s,bkbcib xfvjdtlb7<br />

vfiby uvbhsf vjtlfypt !!-cfhsekbfyb<br />

cf[kb b.j .dtkfpt<br />

vfqfkb ityj,f8 fvbc vtht fitylf<br />

vstkb s,bkbcb8 fqvityt,kj,bc<br />

okt,b cojhtl vfiby<br />

b.j8<br />

2 lqtdfyltkb [tkbceakt,fw<br />

[jv fityt,c mfkfmt,c0<br />

2 lqtc [tkbceakt,f rb fh<br />

fityt,c7 fityt,ty bydtcnjht-<br />

,b7 hjvkt,bw fvbs aekc frtst,ty<br />

lf vjut,fc vsfdhj,fc<br />

eyfobkt,ty8 vfiby vsfdhj,f<br />

fityt,lf8 cnfkbyb bct vjrdlf7<br />

ths rbntkpt vtnb fh qbhct-<br />

,bf8 bcbw bct w[jdhj,lf7 hjujhw<br />

[fk[b8 Cojhtl fvbnjv<br />

b.j7 hjv [fk[vfw uekbs lfbnbhf8<br />

vf[cjdc cnfkbybc ufhlfwdfkt,f8<br />

!)%^ otkbw vf[cjdc7<br />

hjwf cnfkbybc lfcfwfdfl<br />

[fk[b mexfib ufvjdblf8 vtw<br />

dvjyfobktj,lb bv fmwbfib lf<br />

lfh,tdfc hfvltybvt yf,b]bs ufdfcofhb<br />

cf[kib8 djhjywjdbc<br />

,fqib [fk[b udbhudbybs fvrj,lf<br />

cnfkbybc ’tukc8 bjct,<br />

yjytidbkvf ofbrbs[f sfdbcb<br />

ktmcb 3vfvfd7 “dbhafcj48 Vfiby<br />

vstk cf,zjsf rfdibhib vfcj,hbdfl<br />

fbqtc cnfkbybc ’tukt,b7<br />

vfuhfv ujhib dth vjf-<br />

[th[tc8 [fk[vf fh vbcwf eakt,f8<br />

f[kf xevfl7 mehlekfl<br />

vbtgfhyty lf fbqtc8 tc afmnb<br />

lfcnehbf bvbcf7 hjv vrdlfhb<br />

cnfkbyb fvfspt “kbthbf8 cfjwht,f<br />

bc fhbc7 hjv cnfkbyc<br />

rjveybcneh tgjmfibw t,h-<br />

’jlyty lf lqtcfw t,h’dbfy8<br />

hjujhw xfyc7 lqtdfyltkb [tkbceakt,f<br />

bv rjveybcnehb<br />

ahsbc cfmvbfyj,bc ufvuh’tkt,tkbf7<br />

dbyw cnfkbyc t,h-<br />

’jlf8<br />

CNFKBYBC ’TUKB FBQTC<br />

LF 3FKBCF LF YBYJC4 ’TU-<br />

KB LFLUTC8 HF E,TLEHT-<br />

,FF0 F[KF UF[LF SEHMTSB<br />

XDTYB VTUJ,FHB LF 'VF0<br />

RFHUBF7 SE 'VT,B DBMYT,BS7<br />

3CNFKBYC E.DFHLF CFRESFHB MDT.FYF<br />

LF VIHJVTKB [FK[B8 EAFCJ<br />

CFCFLBKJT,C RB FH [CYBLF7 AF,HBRF-<br />

MFH[YT,C [CYBLF7 HJV [FK[C TIHJVF<br />

LF CFRESFHB IHJVBS THXBYF SFDB=4<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

DLBKBC ITVLTU XTVC CFAKFD-<br />

PT ,TDH YFUFDC LF.HBFY 7 SEV-<br />

WF BCNJHBBC MFHB ITE,HF-<br />

KT,KFL UFLF[DTNC VFC48 2<br />

cbwjw[ktibdt esmdfvc cnfkbyc8<br />

cffrfidbkb sfdufyobhdbs t,h’dbc<br />

cnfkbybc cfakfdblfy vjyf-<br />

,th mfhc7 vfuhfv8888<br />

stf fcfsbfyb<br />

VFUHFV ’VJ,F VFHNJ XDTY-<br />

UFY EYLFS8 JIRBC FQL-<br />

UTYFC FH UDFYT,T,TY LF FM<br />

FPBPBTC VTXTSB EYLF<br />

FFITYJY8 CNFKBYB FVFC FH<br />

LFEIDT,LF8<br />

cnfkbyb b.j elbltcb<br />

mfhsdtkb8 fvfs sfdb vjczhtc<br />

cnfkbyc lf /ujybfs7<br />

hjv fvbs lffvfhw[t,ty vfc8<br />

cnfkbyvf bwjlf7 hfw tkjlf7<br />

smdf rbltw7 yfufdc vjvf.hbfyj7<br />

vfuhfv fv yfufdc mfhb<br />

vfkt uflf.hbc lf vbf.hbc<br />

vfs7 dbyw tc cfvfhw[dbyj<br />

cfmvt uffrtsf=<br />

cnfkbybc lhjc cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

.dtkf cathjib /mjylf<br />

“fkbfy lblb ofhvfnt,f<br />

lf .dtkfpt lfafct,ekb db-<br />

.fdbs mfhsdtkt,b8 lqtc rb<br />

mfhsdtkt,b dfhs .dtkfpt<br />

gfnbdf.hbkb lf .dtkfpt itehfw[.jabkb<br />

[fk[b8 fb7 fct<br />

itvjnhbfklf mdt.fyf8 lf tctyb<br />

cnfkbyc czhbfy sfdc8<br />

cnfkbyc rb fhf7 cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vjczhtc sfdb=<br />

2 utyfnht,fs bc lhj0<br />

2 vtyfnht,f lf tc vjyfnht,f<br />

ktmcib ufvjd[fnt5<br />

vt vtyfnht,f<br />

lblb cnfkbyb7<br />

rfwb 2 cojh [fpbc<br />

ufvnfht,tkb7<br />

hflufy dth lflbc<br />

cj[evbc ufdkbs<br />

s,bkbc-vjcrjdbc<br />

vfnfht,tkb8<br />

rbltd bvbnjv7<br />

hjv fh bodjlyty<br />

kbf[d-tyuehsfy<br />

mfhsdtks cf[kt,b7<br />

hflufy ,tdhbf<br />

lqtcfw fv mdt.yfl<br />

lfcf[dhtnb lf<br />

ufcfcf[kt,b=<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

stf fcfsbfyb


s,bkbcc lqtvlt f[cjdc<br />

crfylfkehfl wyj,bkb<br />

tmbvb-acbmjsthfgtdnbc<br />

fyfnjkb rfigbhjdcrbc<br />

cnevhj,f8 pjubthst,b7<br />

fk,fs7 vbc vbth<br />

ufvfhsek vfcj,hbd<br />

ctfyccfw tcoht,jlbs !)()<br />

okbc ufpfa[ekpt8<br />

gbhjdyt,f7 hjvkbc<br />

ufhitvjw vfibydt lblb<br />

vbsmvf-vjsmvf fn.lf7 !))#<br />

otkc hectsbc<br />

atlthfwbbc cf[tkvobaj<br />

levbc ltgenfnfl<br />

fbhxbtc ;bhbyjdcrbc<br />

kb,thfkehltvjrhfnbekb<br />

gfhnbblfy8 bv[fyfl<br />

,fnjyb fyfnjkb FII-ib<br />

bv.jat,jlf lf<br />

ahfmwbfib fh itb.dfytc7<br />

hflufyfw bmblfy<br />

ufyw[flt,bc ufvjupfdyf<br />

dth vjfcohj8<br />

uf,hfpt,ekvf<br />

rfigbhjdcrbv !))# okbc<br />

% vfhnc fvthbrblfy<br />

ufupfdybkb afmcbs<br />

ahfmwbblfy ufcdkbc<br />

itcf[t, ufyfw[flf7 [jkj<br />

sfdfl ;bhbyjdcrb<br />

hfcbpvcf lf jvbc<br />

ghjgfufylfib<br />

lfflfyfifekf7 sevwfqf7<br />

hectsib lf,heyt,ekb7<br />

kb,thfk-ltvjrhfnsf<br />

hbut,ib lfhxf7 gfhnbf<br />

vfy !))% okbc ! bdkbcc<br />

lfnjdf8 vfhsfkbf7<br />

ewyfehfl vtxdtyt,f7<br />

vfuhfv afmnbf7 hjv<br />

okt,bc itvltu7 erdt<br />

gtycbjythb rfigbhjdcrb7<br />

bctd lfe,heylf<br />

;bhbyjdcrbc lf<br />

cfghtpbltynj fhxtdyt,pt<br />

vbcb ylj,bs fqzehdbkb<br />

gbhb uf[lf8 fv<br />

cfblevkjt,bs vjwekb<br />

acbmjsthfgtdnbc itcf[t,<br />

,bjtythujrjhtmnjhb<br />

tkf v;fdbf<br />

udtcfe,ht,f8<br />

HF<br />

,BPYTCT,BC<br />

VAKJ,TKBF<br />

UBJHUB<br />

UJUEF'T0<br />

ubjhub ujuef’tv mjyt,hbdb<br />

vlujvfhtj,bc ltrkfhfwbf<br />

@_!! okbc % bdkbcc cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

gfhkfvtynbc otdhbc<br />

gjcnpt itfdcj8 gfhkfvtynfhb<br />

w[jdhj,c s,bkbcib<br />

vteqktcf lf idbkt,sfy<br />

thsfl8 vfs itcf[t, ltrkfhfwbfib<br />

drbs[ekj,s5<br />

ubjhub ujuef’t lfb,flf<br />

!)*# okbc @_ vfhnc m8 s,bkbcib8<br />

vteqkt yfnj uehutyb’t<br />

lfb,flf !)*_ okbc !%<br />

ltrtv,thc m8 s,bkbcib8 mfkbidbkb<br />

yfyf ujuef’t lfb-<br />

,flf !))* okbc !* yjtv,thc<br />

m8 s,bkbcib8 df;b df[nfyu<br />

ujuef’t lfb,flf !))) okbc<br />

!% fghbkc m8 s,bkbcib8<br />

ubjhub ujuef’bc j]f[bc<br />

cfresht,fib fhct,ekb e’hfd-vj’hfdb<br />

mjyt,f fct ufvjb.eht,f5<br />

@_* rd8v8 afhsbc ,byf<br />

s,bkbcib7 afkbfidbkbc<br />

mexfpt9 ! %__ rd8v8 afhsbc<br />

fufhfrb lf ! @@_ rd8v8 afhsbc<br />

vbobc yfrdtsb uelfeh-<br />

FYFNJKB RFIGBHJDCRB<br />

DKFLBVTH ;BHBYJDCRBC YLJ,BS<br />

FQZEHDBKB GBHB UF[LF=<br />

LJCBT5 vtlbwbybc vtwybtht,fsf<br />

rfylblfnb7 cchr-bc<br />

cgjhnbc jcnfnb v’bvt fsktnbpvib7<br />

wyj,bkb tmbvbacbmjsthfgtdnb<br />

fyfnjkb<br />

rfigbhjdcrb !)#) okbc !!<br />

fudbcnjc7 erhfbybc mfkfm<br />

ghjcrehjdjib lfb,flf8 dbybwbc<br />

cfvtlbwbyj bycnbnenbc<br />

lfvsfdht,bc itvltu7 @%<br />

okbc ufyvfdkj,fib7 frfltvbrjc<br />

beixtyrjc cf[tkj,bc<br />

acbmbfnhbek cffdflv.jajib<br />

veifj,lf8 c[dflfc[df gthbjlib<br />

]th acbmjsthfgbbc<br />

htcge,kbrehb7 [jkj vjudbfyt,bs7<br />

cfthsfijhbcj wtynhbc<br />

[tkv’qdfytkb b.j rbtdib8<br />

thsb gthbjlb cchr-bc<br />

v’bvt fsktnbpvbc yfrht,bc<br />

tmbvb-acbmjsthfgtdnbw uf[klfs8<br />

cfwltkb ntkt[blb7<br />

rbtdb-vjcrjdb7 ghjuhfvf 3dpukbflbc4<br />

cnelbfv !)((<br />

okbc @! vfhnc fxdtyf vf.eht,kt,c7<br />

bvfdt otkc erhfbybc<br />

ntktdbpbbs rfigbhjdcrbv<br />

[esb ctfycb xffnfhf tyehtpbs<br />

lffdflt,ek ,fdidsf<br />

ufyrehyt,bc vbpybs8 cojhtl<br />

fv gthbjlblfy bo.t,f vbcb<br />

crfylfkehb vjqdfotj,f lf<br />

gjgekfhj,f8<br />

2 mfk,fnjyj tkf7 smdty<br />

se uf[cjds !)() okbc ntkt[blb<br />

rbtdb-s,bkbcb0<br />

2 hf smvf eylf7 vf[cjdc=88<br />

,fnjyvf fyfnjkbv mbhehubekb<br />

xfhtdbc lhjc cfv mfk-<br />

,fnjyc thslhjekfl ufe-<br />

.exf nrbdbkb8 thsc cbvcbdyt<br />

/mjylf lf ’e’e vj/rdtstc7 lfyfhxtyt,c<br />

vewkbc qhec jgthfwbf<br />

xfenfhlfs8<br />

2 s,bkbcib rfigbhjdcrbc<br />

vfcj,hbd ctfycc [jv fh lfcoht,b[fhs0<br />

2 fhf7 ntktdbpbbs de.eht7<br />

vfuhfv xtvpt fhfyfbhb ptufdktyf<br />

fh vje[ltybf8<br />

2 ctfycbc vjyfobktt,b<br />

exdtekj vj’hfj,t,c frtst,lyty7<br />

hf b.j fvbc vbptpb0<br />

2 cgtwbfkbcnsf fphbs7<br />

.dtkfpt lfewdtkt,b f[fkufphlt,b<br />

fqvjxylyty7 vtnobkfl<br />

2 crjkbc vjcofdktt,b7 hjvkt,bw<br />

/bgyjpeh ’bkc vbtwyty8<br />

ctfycbc lhjc bcbyb frdbfnt,ek<br />

vj’hfj,t,c frtst,lyty7<br />

bcnthbekb htfmwbt,b lf<br />

/fkewbyfwbt,b /mjylfs7 fctdt<br />

c[df acbmbrehb lfhqdtdt-<br />

,bw8<br />

2 vf[cjdc7 hectsib thsb<br />

mfkb afy]hblfy uflf[nf<br />

rfigbhjdcrbc ctfycbc itvltu8<br />

se fh dwlt,b7 cbc[kbc<br />

cfvfhskbc cfmvtw rb fqb’hf<br />

acbmjsthfgtdnbc obyffqvltu888<br />

2 xtkbf,bycrbc cf[tkvobaj<br />

cfvtlbwbyj frfltvbbc sfyfvihjvtksf<br />

lfcrdybc cfae’dtkpt<br />

@__* otkcfw lff-<br />

.tyf ghjrehfnehfv rfigbhjdcrbc<br />

gfce[bcvut,kj,bc cfrbs[b8<br />

cgtwbfkbcnsf fphbs7<br />

tmcnhfctycb ctfyct,pt /bg-<br />

UBJHUB UJUEF'T UBJHUB RFYLTKFRB<br />

ib 2 tc .dtkfathb yfnj<br />

uehutyb’bc cf[tkptf htubcnhbht,ekb8<br />

ubjhub ujuef’bc<br />

vakj,tkj,fibf fdnjvj,bkb<br />

3Lexsus GX47047<br />

@__% okbc ufvjidt,f8<br />

ltrkfhfwbbc sfyf[vfl7<br />

ubjhub ujuef’tc lf vbcb j]f-<br />

[bc otdht,c fhf fmds afcbfyb<br />

mfqfklt,b8 gfhkfvtynfhb<br />

@__* okblfy igc<br />

3mfhsekb o.kbc47 @_!_<br />

okblfy rb igc 3uelfehb<br />

@_!_4-bc gfhnybjhbf7 sevwf7<br />

hjujhw ltrkfhfwbfibf<br />

fqybiyekb7 fv cfofhvjt,blfy<br />

cffyufhbij okbc ufyvfdkj,fib<br />

itvjcfdfkb fh vbeqbf8<br />

ltrkfhfwbbc itdct,bc<br />

lhjbcsdbc ubjhub ujuef’bc<br />

cf,fyrj fyufhbit,b fct ufvjb.eht,jlf5<br />

3bydtcn,fyrib4<br />

vbvlbyfht fyufhbit,pt 2 _<br />

tdhj7 @ kfhb lf _7 @( fii<br />

ljkfhb7 cfrhtlbnj fyufhbit,pt<br />

rb _ kfhb7 #! )#)<br />

fii ljkfhb lf ( $*! tdhj<br />

/mjylf8<br />

ltrkfhfync @_!_ otkc<br />

ctc[bc jhb [tkitrhekt,f ufeajhvt,bf8<br />

!! !(! fii ljkfhbc<br />

ctc[bc [tkitrhekt-<br />

,f ubjhub ujuef’tcf lf igc<br />

3uelfehb @_!_4-c ijhbc %<br />

okbc dflbs fhbc ufajhvt-<br />

,ekb8 !(! ___ kfhb ctc[bc<br />

[tkitrhekt,f rb !_ okbc<br />

yjpc b.tyt,c7 hfw flfvbfybc<br />

abpbreh lf acbmbreh ]fyvhstkj,fpt<br />

ytufnbeh ptufdktyfc<br />

f[ltyc7 dbyfblfy fh bsdfkbcobyt,c<br />

/bgyjpbht,bc<br />

erexdtyt,fc lf vbc bylbdblefkeh<br />

sfdbct,eht,t,c8 vtwybthsf<br />

thsb yfobkbc fphbs7<br />

3cfcofekt,hbdb rehyt,f4 [fyvjrktf7<br />

hflufyfw ufvj]fyvhstkt,bc<br />

hovtyf fdflv.jabc<br />

ibyfufy htcehct,c v[jkjl<br />

ufhrdtekb lhjbs ertst,c<br />

vj,bkbpt,fc lf bv gthbjlib<br />

sfdc vfhskfw erts uh’yj,c<br />

gfwbtynb8<br />

2 se fh dwlt,b7 mfk,fnjyb<br />

vtw[ht cfhsekblfy<br />

uflf[nf rfigbhjdcrbc [vbc<br />

rfhyf[bs888<br />

2 ctfycbc itvltu pjubthst,c<br />

cbcntvfnehfl tcvjlfs<br />

vbcb [vf8 hf smvf eylf7 gbhflfl<br />

rfigbhjdcrb fh isffujyt,lf<br />

vfs7 fct fy bct vjbmtwbsj7<br />

vfuhfv cfvoe[fhjl7 ,fnjyvf<br />

fyfnjkbv fh ufbsdfkbcobyf<br />

wfkrtek gfwbtynsf<br />

acbmbrbc sfdbct,eht,fyb7<br />

hf smvf eylf7 vfc ofhvjlutyf<br />

fh /mjylf7 hf cekbthb<br />

ghj,ktvt,bc obyfit bluf mfkb7<br />

hjvtkbw ntktuflfwtvbc<br />

lfvsfdht,bcsfyfdt afy]hblfy<br />

uflf[nf lf lfbqegf8<br />

2 fyfnjkb rfigbhjdcrbc<br />

itcf[t, cfpjufljt,hbdb<br />

fphb jhfl ufb.j 2 pjubthst,b<br />

vfc ,ytkb ’fkt,bc<br />

vjwbmekfl vbbxytdlyty7<br />

pjubthst,b 2 gbhbmbs7<br />

[jn,fc fc[fvlyty8 smdtyb<br />

fphbs7 dby fhbc rfigbhjdcrb0<br />

2 hjujhw dbwb7 sfdfl ,fnjyb<br />

fyfnjkb sdkbc7 hjv<br />

vbcb acbmjkjubehb ptvjmvtlt,bc<br />

cfufyb v[jkjl abpbrehb<br />

c[tekbc lfhqdtdt,bf8<br />

bub acbmjsthfgbekb [th[t-<br />

,bc thsj,kbj,bs flfvbfyib<br />

3hsfdc4 sdbshtuekfwbbc<br />

cbcntvfc7 hjvtkbw epheydtk.jac<br />

jhufybpvib fewbkt,tkb<br />

ofvkt,bc ufvjveifdt,fc8<br />

cojhtl vfsb o.fkj,bs<br />

evrkfdlt,f c[tekb nrbdbkc<br />

lf c[dflfc[df lffdflt,fc8 rfigbhjdcrbc<br />

cbn.dt,bf5 3xdtyb<br />

c[tekb fasbfmbf7 vtyltkttdbc<br />

vstkb nf,ekf=4 ,fnjyb<br />

fyfnjkbc fphbs7 vjhabyb7<br />

bycekbyb lf c[df ofvkt,b7<br />

hjvkt,bw cfzbhjt,bcfvt,h<br />

itud.fdc jhufybpvib7 vbrhjljpt,bs<br />

velfv fhbc flfvbfyib<br />

lf cojhtl vfsb ervfhbcj,f<br />

bodtdc lffdflt,t,c8 cfcbwjw[kj<br />

ghjwtct,bc yjhvfkbpfwbf<br />

ufhtlfy ghjuhfvbht,bs<br />

vbbqotdf8 c[dfsfijhbc7<br />

rfigbhjdcrbc vjv[htt,b7<br />

bctdt hjujhw vjobyffqvltutt,b7<br />

vtwybthsf ohtibw /.fdc<br />

lf cfcekbthj gbhsf ijhbcfw8<br />

vfufkbsfl7 frfltvbrjcb<br />

lbvbnhb itdxtyrj7 vtlbwbybc<br />

ljmnjhb7 rjcvjyfdnbrbc frfltvbbc<br />

yfvldbkb otdhb7 sdkbc7<br />

hjv rfigbhjdcrbv vstk<br />

VFMDC CFMJYTKB EHBW[DB0=<br />

dflbs rb igc 3yfnf[nfhbc<br />

o.kt,sfy4 ufeajhvt,bf8<br />

gbhdtkb [tkitrhekt,blfy<br />

itvjcfdfkb @ ^)* kfhb vbeqbf8<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynib<br />

ubjhub ujuef’bc okbehb<br />

[tkafcb $) !*@ kfhbf8<br />

HJUJHBF UBJHUB<br />

RFYLTKFRBC<br />

VBVLBYFHT<br />

CF,FYRJ<br />

FYUFHBIT,B0<br />

ubjhub rfyltkfrvf mjyt,hbdb<br />

vlujvfhtj,bc ltrkfhfwbf<br />

@_!! okbc @_ vfbcc cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

gfhkfvtynbc<br />

otdhbc gjcnpt itfdcj8 gfhkfvtynfhb<br />

w[jdhj,c s,bkbcib<br />

vij,kt,cf lf lfcsfy<br />

thsfl8 vfs itcf[t, ltrkfhfwbfib<br />

drbs[ekj,s5<br />

ubjhub rfyltkfrb lfb,flf<br />

!)(@ okbc % fudbcnjc m8<br />

s,bkbcib8 vfvf htdfp rfyltkfrb<br />

lfb,flf !)$^ okbc !@<br />

vfhnc m8 s,bkbcib8 ltlf fyf<br />

rfyltkfrb lfb,flf !)%#<br />

okbc !# st,thdfkc m8 s,bkbcib8<br />

lf sfvfh rfyltkfrb<br />

lfb,flf !)(# okbc !^ yjtv-<br />

,thc m8 s,bkbcib8<br />

ltrkfhfynbc j]f[bc cfresht,fib<br />

fhct,ek mjyt,fc<br />

itflutyc htdfp rfyltkfrbc<br />

vakj,tkj,fib fhct,ekb<br />

*_ rd8v8 afhsbc ,byf s,bkbcib7<br />

lbqvbc vfcbdib8 c[df<br />

cf[bc e’hfd-vj’hfdb mjyt,f<br />

vfs fhf fmds8<br />

ltrkfhfwbbc itdct,bc<br />

lhjbcsdbc ubjhub rfyltkfrc<br />

3cfmfhsdtkjc ,fyrib4<br />

vbvlbyfht fyufhbipt 2 $@<br />

___ kfhb7 3ghjrhtlbn-<br />

,fyrib4 ltgjpbnpt !@ ___<br />

fii ljkfhb /mjylf7 sfvfh<br />

rfyltkfrc rb ,fyr 3htcge,kbrfib4<br />

vbvlbyfht fyufhbipt<br />

!@_ kfhb thbw[t,jlf8<br />

ltrkfhfwbbc sfyf[vfl7<br />

ubjhub rfyltkfrc lf vbcb<br />

j]f[bc otdht,c fhf fmds afcbfyb<br />

mfqfklt,b7 fh vjyfobktj,ty<br />

cfvtofhvtj cfmvbfyj-<br />

,fib8 cffyufhbij okbc ufyvfdkj,fib<br />

fh ufeajhvt,bfs<br />

hfbvt cf[bc [tkitrhekt,f7<br />

fh vbeqbfs “dbhafcb cfxemfhb7<br />

fh ite’tybfs “dbhflqbht,ekb<br />

ybdsb7 fh /mjybfs<br />

lfvfnt,bsb itvjcfdfkb8<br />

ubjhub rfyltkfrbc okbehb<br />

[tkafcb cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

gfhkfvtynib %# $*^ kfhbf8<br />

he,hbrfc e’qdt,f<br />

stf fcfsbfyb<br />

CFBLEVKJ [FK[B<br />

vcjakbjc exdtyf acbmjkjubehb<br />

ptvjmvtlt,bs efvhfdb<br />

erehyt,tkb cjvfnehb<br />

lffdflt,bcufy flfvbfybc ufyrehyt,bc<br />

itcf’kt,kj,f8 vbcbdt<br />

smvbs7 ,fnjyb fyfnjkb<br />

/bgyjpc fh b.tyt,c7 hfw firfhfl<br />

ufvjxylf seylfw jgthfwbbc<br />

lhjc gfwbtynsf ufenrbdfht,bs<br />

ntktfh[bc<br />

cnelbblfy8 cojhtl fvfy<br />

fabmht,byf vjmfkfmtsf evtntcj,fc7<br />

sbsmjclf rfigbhjdcrb<br />

vrehyfkb fy tmcnhfctycb<br />

b.jcj8<br />

2 vfhskvflblt,kehb<br />

trktcbf hf fphbcff vbc itcf[t,0<br />

2 cfcekbthj gbhsf yfobkb<br />

sdkbc7 hjv tupjhwbpvbc<br />

fmnbc7 fye fdceksf ufyltdybc<br />

lhjc7 flfvbfyt,b pecnfl<br />

bctdt bmwtdbfy7 hjujhw rfigbhjdcrbc<br />

ntktctfyct,pt 2<br />

nhfycib dfhlt,bfy7 sfdbfysb<br />

cehdbkbc obyffqvltu<br />

wtrdfdty7 bwbybfy lf nbhbfy<br />

itg.hj,bkt,bdbs8 ovbylf vfvt,bc<br />

cofdkt,bc sfyf[vfl7 fdcekt,sfy<br />

it[dtlhbc lhjc<br />

flfvbfyc fe[cytkb ibib bg.hj,c7<br />

c[tekb eitilt,f7 pju-<br />

]th sbsbc ufy’htdfw fh ite’kbf7<br />

nrbdbkc dtqfh<br />

uh’yj,c7 hfw rfigbhjdcrbc<br />

ctfyct,ptw [lt,f8 c[dfsfijhbc7<br />

,fgnbcnt,bw ,ytk ’fksf<br />

vcf[ehfl vbbxytdty8<br />

2 cfbynthtcjf7 hfc fv,j-<br />

,ty rfigbhjdcrbc vjv[ht cfcekbthj<br />

gbht,b0=<br />

2 vfufkbsfl7 vteat bjyjafyb<br />

sdkbc7 hjv rfigbhjdcrb<br />

xdtyb lhjbc ufvjxtybkb7<br />

gbhdtkfqvjvxtyb tmbvbf7<br />

hjvtkbw fqflutyc flfvbfyib<br />

gbhdtk fhcc7 ]fljmhj,f lf<br />

ltvjyjkjubf fhfath iefibf8<br />

vbc fphc c[dt,bw bpbfht,ty8<br />

2 se fh dwlt,b7!))%<br />

otkc7 ,elbjyjdcrbc nthfmnbc<br />

lhjc7 rfigbhjdcrb<br />

ifvbk ,fcftdc it[dlf888<br />

2 lbf[7 bub lbl[fyc tcfe,hf<br />

,fcftdcfw lf c[df nthjhbcnt,cfw7<br />

hbc vthtw n.dbf<br />

fqfhfdbc ufecdhbf7 .dtkf v’tdfkb<br />

wjw[fkb uflfhxf8<br />

2 ghtpbltynj,bc rfylblfnbc<br />

dkflbvth ;bhbyjdcrbc<br />

ylj,bs fqzehdbk gbhsf<br />

cbfib rfigbhjdcrb vtw[ht<br />

yjvthbf= fk,fs7 djkajdbxc<br />

bvtlb fmdc7 hjv .jabkb<br />

sfyfgfhnbtkb fvjvhxtdkt,c<br />

lfe/bgyjpt,c888<br />

2 c[dfsfijhbc7 hecvf<br />

;ehyfkbcnt,vf lfflubytc7<br />

hjv7 sehvt7 dkflbvth djkajdbxb<br />

vjcofdktj,bc gthbjlib<br />

vfvbc udfhc fnfht,lf7<br />

tbltkintbyb b.j7 ;bhbyjdcrb<br />

ltlfvbcbc udfhbf8<br />

2 smdty ofhvjblubyts7<br />

xdtyc rjktufc7 rfyfltk<br />

;ehyfkbcnc7 gbhlfgbh bynthdbec<br />

xfothbc lhjc itcsfdfpf<br />

]ueaehb ctmcb sfdbc<br />

vwdtksfy thsfl8 fhw rb<br />

vfkfdc7 hjv [ibhfl cnevhj,c<br />

qfvbc rke,t,c lf /jvjctmcefkbcnsf3necjdcrt,c47<br />

qbfl ezthc v[fhc<br />

sfdbceafk cb.dfhekc7 gjhyjdfhcrdkfdxbxjkbyfcsfy<br />

cehfsbw rb uflfbqj8<br />

ehw[dfl fvf.j,c7 @__-pt<br />

vtnb mfkb v.fdlf7 [jkj<br />

jhufpvb fsfc]th ufydbwfltj8<br />

mfkt,c lf/gbhlf7 se<br />

xtvb gfhnbf ufbvfh]dt,c fhxtdyt,ib7<br />

ufhfynbfc db’ktdb7<br />

.dtkf hec mfkc vfvfrfwb<br />

t.jkt,fj8<br />

2 fh vcehc7 rfntujhbekb<br />

db.j7 vfuhfv7 hjwf *@ okbc<br />

fcfrib bctsb jlbjpehb<br />

gjkbnbrehb abuehbc ylj-<br />

,bs fqzehdbkb gbhb uf[lt-<br />

,b7 hjujhbw hectsbc kb,thfkeh-ltvjrhfnbekbgfhnbbc<br />

kblthbf7 eyt,ehfl ufbabmht,5<br />

3vbs[fhb7 dby fhbc<br />

ityb vtuj,fhb lf utn.db7 dby<br />

[fh ity=4<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

ybyj<br />

uj'bfidbkb<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 29


30<br />

EBFHFQJ TMCGFYCBF<br />

2 ,fsevib vtxtsc rb fh<br />

fityt,ty7 fhfvtl<br />

jcvfktsbc bvgthbbc<br />

'kbtht,bc cbv,jkjc7 bvfc7<br />

hfw ufvjcf[ekbf<br />

sehmekb kbhfc<br />

regbeht,pt7 2 fw[flt,c<br />

ktb,jhbcnekb gfhnbbc<br />

fzfhbc jhufybpfwbbc<br />

[tkv’qdfytkb lfdbs<br />

hj,fmb't lf<br />

ufyvfhnfdc5<br />

2 vbylf7 [fk[c pecnb byajhvfwbf<br />

vbdfojlj5 ,FSEV-<br />

IB7 UJUT,FIDBKBC MEXFPT7<br />

FCKFY F,FIB’BC CF[KSFY<br />

+cfpqdfj-cfyfjcyj frfltvbbc<br />

vbvlt,fht nthbnjhbf‘ FGB-<br />

HT,TY FHF VTXTSBC FITYT-<br />

,FC7 FHFVTL JCVFKTSBC BV-<br />

GTHBBC 'KBTHT,BC CBV,J-<br />

KJC LFLUVFC8 vcufdcb ityj-<br />

,f lufc sehmtsbc mfkfm bpvbhib7<br />

sdfkcfxbyjt,bcsdbc<br />

itub’kbfs bc yf[js sehmekb<br />

kbhfc regbeht,pt8 bpvbhib<br />

tc ityj,f wyj,bkbf cffsbc<br />

rjirbc cf[tkojlt,bs7<br />

fitylf !)_) otkc jcvfktsbc<br />

ceksybc f,lek /fvbsbc nf-<br />

[npt fcdkbc @%-t okbcsfdsfy<br />

lfrfdibht,bs8 tc yfut,j-<br />

,fw @% vtnhb cbvfqkbc bmyt-<br />

,f7 cf[tkfl fhmvtdty iflhtdybc<br />

rjirc7 vfuhfv7 hjltcfw<br />

dyt,fsfqtkdf xfbdkbc7 ceksfy<br />

fpbpbtc cf[tkj,bc veptevfl<br />

uflffmwtdty8 fct hjv7 cfe,fhbf<br />

jcvfktsbc bvgthbbc<br />

lblt,bc 'tukpt lf fhf vtxtspt8<br />

sfy [jv ofhvjublutybfs7<br />

fctsb cbvfqkbc ityj,fc hfv-<br />

[tkf nthbnjhbf czbhlt,f8<br />

fb7 fvbc fityt,fc bs[jdc sehmtsbc<br />

vsfdhj,f cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

nthbnjhbfpt lf xdtyb [tkbceakt,f<br />

fvfc tsfy[vt,f8 hfvltybvt<br />

lqbc oby ,fsevbc vthbfv<br />

ufyfw[flf7 ityj,bc ghjtmnb<br />

tcgfytk fhmbntmnjht,c<br />

tresdybs7 [fk[c fphc fewbkt,kfl<br />

lfdtrbs[t,bs lf vityt,kj,fc<br />

fvbc itltu lfdbo.t,sj8<br />

HFW TC UFHTOHT,B VJ-<br />

DBLYTY [TKBCEAKT,FIB7<br />

FH .JABKF ITVS[DTDF7 VJ-<br />

CF[KTJ,BCSDBC HFVT<br />

TRBS[FS7 ECBYLBCJL FN.E-<br />

T,TY7 F[KFW WHEJ,TY8<br />

BWJLYTY7 FZFHF OBYFFQVLT-<br />

UBF ,FSEVIB JCVFKTSBC<br />

LBLT,BC CBV,JKJC LFL-<br />

UVBC=<br />

2 vtxtsbc vityt,kj,fpt<br />

hfnjvqf lfbo.tc cfe,fhb0<br />

2 fct fo.j,lfs7 .ehflqt-<br />

,f uflfbnfytc cfkjwfdpt8 hjwf<br />

fzfhf jcvfktsbc ufdktybc<br />

mdti b.j7 sfdbfysb cfv[tlhj<br />

gbht,bcsdbc ffitytc cfkjwfdb7<br />

mfhsdtk veckbvfyt,c frh’fkekb<br />

/mjylfs bm itcdkf8<br />

xdtyb [tkbceakt,f sehmt,c<br />

eakt,fc f’ktdc7 sfdbfysb<br />

lblt,bc 'tukb lflufy ,fsevib7<br />

vfiby7 hjwf fyuhtdty<br />

vtjht vcjakbj jvib lfqegek<br />

mfhsdtksf lblt,bc vtvjhbfkc8<br />

2 vtvjhbfkc hjvtkb<br />

rjvgfybf fyuhtdc0<br />

2 mfkfmbc wtynhib vtvjhbfkc<br />

fyuhtdc igc 3upf47 hjvkbc<br />

ths-thsb vjobktw uf[kfds<br />

KTDFY DFHIFKJVB’BC<br />

'VF BHFRKB DFHIFKJVB’T<br />

+cffrfidbkbc lf[vfht,bs ktdfy<br />

dfhifkjvb’bc j]f[vf vstkb<br />

,fsevb b.blf`8 [tkbceakt,f<br />

sdkbc7 hjv vtvjhbfkbc<br />

fhct,j,f cfzbhj fh fhbc7 dbcfw<br />

ofhcekbc yjcnfkubf<br />

fmdc7 ehxtdty7 ufdblyty mfkfmufhts<br />

lf bm fhct,ekb j,tkbcrbs<br />

lfrvf.jabklyty8 TC<br />

VTVJHBFKB FH FEATSMT,B-<br />

FS7 HJUJHW MESFBCIB<br />

VJ[LF7 LFIFKTC8 VFMCBVF-<br />

KEHFL DTWFLTS7 [TKB<br />

ITUDTIFKF FV GHJWTCBCS-<br />

DBC7 QJ,T CFV]TH VJDIF-<br />

KTS7 VFUHFV QFVBS VBFLU-<br />

YTY LF UFHT RFHRFCB XFVJ-<br />

IFKTC8 TC FHBC [TKBCEA-<br />

KT,BC VBTH XFLTYBKB RB-<br />

LTD THSB DFYLFKEHB FM-<br />

NB8 vtvjhbfkb lfbluf ufcekb<br />

cfereybc ^_-bfy okt,ib7<br />

,fsevib bsdkt,jlf .dtkfpt<br />

vfqfk yfut,j,fl8<br />

CFFSBC RJIRB<br />

BPVBHIB7<br />

HJVKBC<br />

VCUFDCBC<br />

LFLUVFCFW<br />

FGBHT,TY<br />

,FSEVIB<br />

LFDBS HJ,FMB'T5<br />

,FSEVIB SEHMT,B<br />

JCVFKTSBC<br />

BVGTHBBC<br />

'KBTHT,BC<br />

CBV,JKJC FITYT,TY=<br />

3XDTYB [TKBCEAKT,F SEHMT,C EAKT,FC<br />

F’KTDC7 SFDBFYSB LBLT,BC 'TUKB<br />

LFLUFY ,FSEVIB7 VFIBY7 HJWF FYUHTDTY<br />

VTJHT VCJAKBJ JVIB LFQEGEK<br />

MFHSDTKSF LBLT,BC VTVJHBFKC=4<br />

FVFS [TKIB=<br />

THTRKT CFQKBFYB5<br />

LFF,HEYJY<br />

VEHVFY<br />

KT,FYB'BC<br />

'TUKB<br />

SFDBC<br />

FLUBKFC=<br />

jybc wtynhblfy vehvfy kt,fyb’bc 'tukbc fqt,fcsfy<br />

lfrfdibht,bs jybc ufvut,tkvf bvtlf uj,t]bidbkvf smdf7<br />

'tukb gjtnbc j]f[bc cehdbkbs uflfdbnfytsj8 vfuhfv<br />

gjtnbc df;vf pfpf kt,fyb'tv<br />

rfntujhbekb efhb ufyfw[flf5 3'tukbc uflfnfybc<br />

uflfo.dtnbkt,bc itcf[t, vtw bynthytnbs ufdbut7 jybc<br />

ufvutj,fib fhfdbc dbwyj,7 hf vbptpb eylf lfvbcf[tkjy0<br />

stvj z.jybfc tcrbpbc vb[tldbs 'tukb vodfyt mdfib 2<br />

lbf,fpib eylf ufvjrdtsbkb.j7 vfuhfv sfdbc lhjpt tctw<br />

fh ufbsdfkbcobytc lf ,hby]fjib xfvjfc[tc48 gjtnc<br />

'tukbc uflfnfyf fh frvfhtc lf jyib vehvfy kt,fyb’bc<br />

cf[tkj,bc mexfcfw cf[tkb itewdfktc8<br />

THTRKT CFQKBFYB7<br />

gjtnb5 2 fv [tkbceakt,bcufy<br />

cfcbrtsjc fhfathc dtkb7<br />

vfuhfv vfbyw vbdvfhsfd7 lff,heyjy<br />

vehvfy kt,fyb’bc 'tukb<br />

sfdbc flubkfc= fvfpt<br />

vtnc hjujh dth fphjdyt-<br />

,ty7 hfc uflftrblyty fv 'tu-<br />

kt,c0= hjwf cfmvtib thsdt-<br />

,bfy fhfghjatcbjyfkt,b7<br />

itltub .jdtksdbc fctsbf7<br />

fvf[by]t,ty .dtkfathc7 cf[tc<br />

ewdkbfy reknehek 'tukt,c8<br />

HFZF EVEHVFYJL BUB-<br />

DTF7 HFW RF[TSB 2 UBJH-<br />

UB KTJYB’BC UFHTIT FY<br />

LBLT,BC<br />

VTVJHBFKBC<br />

LTVJYNF;B<br />

,FSEVIB<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

2 dtnthfyt,b hf fphbc<br />

,h’fylt,bfy fv afmnsfy lfrfdibht,bs0<br />

2 dtnthfyt,b hfqfw ybiyt,bc<br />

vb[tldbs lf.dtc7 pjubthst,c<br />

vbfybztc egbhfntcj-<br />

,f7 vj[ewt,b thsvfytsc lfegbhbcgbhtc7<br />

hfvltybvt rfwb<br />

vbb.dfytc gfnfhf vtvjhbfksfy<br />

lf fsmvtdbytc7 hflufy<br />

vsfdhj,fv fct uflfo.dbnf7 vjifkjyj8<br />

[fk[b ufxevt,ekbf7<br />

ufehrdtdtkbf7 fct cflfvlt ufuh’tklt,f8<br />

2 vtvjhbfkbc flubkfc hf<br />

ufysfdclt,f0<br />

2 cf,fubhj upbc cfluehb8<br />

t8 o8 ,fsevujhfpt fityt,ty ufcfhsj,<br />

wtynhc lf sehmek<br />

htcnjhfyc cffrfidbkbcsdbc8<br />

[jv tcfzbhjt,fs vbcfcdktkb<br />

upf 2 vfymfybs cbfhekc fqfh<br />

rflhekj,ty7 cf,fubhjsb eylf<br />

bctbhyjy8<br />

2 ufcfhsj,b wtynhb athbbc<br />

vsfpt itylt,f7 cflfw<br />

hfvltybvt okbc oby trktcbf<br />

lffyuhbtc0<br />

2 lbf[8 trktcbbc cnfnecb<br />

lqtcfw ufehrdtdtkbf7 vsbc<br />

obyf v[fhtc bfkmybfy ityj,fc<br />

fityt,ty7 [jkj erfyf v[fhtc<br />

trktcbf hxt,f7 vstkb nthbnjhbf<br />

fv vityt,kj,fc erfdbf8<br />

vbot,b uf.blekbf sehmt,pt8<br />

,FSEVIB UF[CYBKB .DTKF<br />

UFCFHSJ,B WTYNHB7 AFM-<br />

NJ,HBDFL7 ,JHLTK[FYFF7<br />

AEYMWBJYBHT,C LBCRJR-<br />

KE,T,B8 [TKBCEAKT,F<br />

.DTKF IT[DTLHFPT NEHBC-<br />

NT,BC HFJLTYJ,BS NHF-<br />

,F[J,C7 HTFKEHFL RB FV<br />

NEHBCNT,IB BUEKBC[VT,B-<br />

FY CFQFVJJ,BS CFMFHSDT-<br />

KJC CFPQDFHC UFLVJCE-<br />

KB SEHMT,B7 HJVKT,BW<br />

FM LBKFVLT CTBHYJ,TY LF<br />

THSJ,BFY8 fzfhbc nthbnjhbfpt<br />

bv.jat,bfy sehmtsblfy<br />

ufvj.hbkb nf]brtsbcf lf<br />

.fpf[tsbc vjmfkfmtt,bw7 fvfcsfy<br />

lfrfdibht,bs ujybjcf lf<br />

rdfhbfsib cfghjntcnj fmwbt,bw<br />

xfnfhlf7 b]fhbs fqt-<br />

,ekb fmds cfcnevhjt,b7 totdbfy<br />

ufh.dybk w[jdht,fc8<br />

chekb gfce[bcvut,kj,bs<br />

dfw[flt,5 ,fsevib vbvlbyfhtj,c<br />

ufh.ybkt,bc ghjgfufylf7<br />

'dtkb ,fsevb vskbfyfl sehmt,bc<br />

[tkibf8 ,JKJ EYLF<br />

VJTQJC FM ,JHLTKT,BC<br />

VITYT,KJ,FCF LF SEHMT-<br />

,BC GFHGFIC=<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

mtstdfy<br />

[fvbwfidbkb<br />

RJ,F FHF,EKB5<br />

CFFRFIDBKB<br />

RFRF-<br />

KFIDBKC<br />

LFELUFVC<br />

'TUKC=<br />

BVTHTSB 2 LFDBS RKLB-<br />

FIDBKBC UFHTIT7 UEHBF 2<br />

YJLFH LEV,F’BC UFHTIT8<br />

vehvfyc rfhufl dbwyj,lb7<br />

j]f[t,bs dvtuj,hj,lbs7 uekb<br />

iteqjylt,jlf7 lqtdfyltk<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc hjv vjcoht,jlf8<br />

[fk[vf [vf eylf<br />

fvjbqjc=<br />

RJ,F FHF,EKB7 gjtnb5<br />

2 'tukt,sfy ,h’jkf fv<br />

[tkbceakt,bc xdtekb cfmvbfyj,ff7<br />

rfrfkfidbkbc<br />

'tukbc lfluvf ehxtdybfs7<br />

rdthw[t,bcf lf yfzezt,bc7<br />

jqjyl fh blufc lfdbs fqvfityt,kbcf<br />

lf vehvfy kt-<br />

,fyb’bc 'tukt,b8 itenbtc<br />

bkbf zfdzfdf’bc 'tukc7 cflqfw<br />

xhlbkib uflflutc7 f[kf7<br />

itb’kt,f7 cfthsjl uflfvfkjy8<br />

'tukb cekbthb<br />

atyjvtybf7 fvfs eylfs7 [fk-<br />

[bc vf[cjdhj,blfy fvj’bhrdjy<br />

xdtyb cfcf[tkj flfvbfyt-<br />

,bc cf[tt,b7 mfhsekb cekb888<br />

dth ufb[ctyt,s afmnc7 hjv<br />

fvfs 'tukb lftlufs hjvtkbvt<br />

mfhsdtkb thjdyekb uvbhbcsdbc8<br />

vehvfybc 'tukb rb<br />

fhf7 cnfkbybc 'tukbw fh<br />

eylf ftqjs7 hfnjv ltdybfy<br />

bcnjhbfc0= hjujhw fqvjxylf7<br />

vehvfybc idbkbcsdbc<br />

fhw erbs[fds7 'tukbc uflfnfyfc<br />

hjv fgbht,lyty8 sfdbc<br />

lhjpt7 fhw vthf, ,th-<br />

’tybidbkc /rbs[tc fphb lfdbsbc<br />

'tukbc uflfnfyfcsfy<br />

lfrfdibht,bs8 c[df mdt.yfib<br />

fvfc fhfdby brflht,c7 fhw<br />

vnthc ufertst,bf xdtyb reknehekb<br />

'tukt,bcsdbc bc7<br />

hfw fvfs lfvfhstc8 c[dfsfijhbc7<br />

vehvfyb sfdbc ktm


udtcfe,ht,f vcjakbj<br />

[fk[sf mhbcnbfyekveckbvfyehb<br />

jhufybpfwbbc<br />

sfdv]ljvfht vehfp<br />

yfubtdb7 hjvtkbw<br />

udbpbfht,c sfdbc<br />

gjpbwbfc ,fsevib<br />

fpbpbtc vtxtsbc<br />

vityt,kj,fcsfy<br />

lfrfdibht,bs5<br />

2 hjujhw flubkj,hbdb veckbvfyb7<br />

dfw[flt,7 hjv ,fsevib<br />

fpbpbtc vtxtsbc vityt,kj,bc<br />

obyffqvltub dfh7 serb bc itylt,f<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc lfg.hj,bc<br />

cbv,jkjl8 tc fhbc gjkbnbrjct,bc<br />

itvjult,ekb stvf8 eylfs7<br />

hjv lfgbhbcgbht,f vj[ltc<br />

mhbcnbfyt,cf lf cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

vw[jdht, veckbvfyt,c ijhbc8<br />

uflfo.dtnbkt,f eylf vbbqjc<br />

cfvqdltkjt,fv lf fvfc gfnbdb<br />

eylf dwts8 FM DFH LF,FLT,E-<br />

KB LF UFPHLBKB7 XTVB CFV-<br />

IJ,KJ CFMFHSDTKJF7 VECK-<br />

BVFYB DFH7 VFUHFV BV VECKBVFYC<br />

VECKBVFYFL FH VBDBXYTD7 HJ-<br />

VTKBW LFVG.HJ,TKBF LF<br />

FLFVBFYBC VRDKTKB8 bckfvb fh<br />

mflfut,c rfwbc rdkfc7 bc mflfut,c<br />

thsbfyj,fcf lf cb.dfhekc8<br />

cfvtuhtkjc cb’t dfh7 vteqkbc<br />

yfstcfdt,sfy bctsb ehsbthsj,f<br />

vfmdc7 xtvb vbcfvfhsbs rbs-<br />

[dfw fh lfcvekf7 thsvfytsc gfnbdc<br />

dwtvs lf udb.dfhc8 xtvc mjhobkib<br />

,h’fylt,jlf pehf, mfabfyb’t7<br />

hjvtkbw xtvb eahjcb<br />

'vf uf[klfs7 vbc j]f[ibw yfv-<br />

.jab dfh8 vbs[hf5 vb[fhbf ityyfbhb<br />

f[fkufphlt,bc fhct,j,f7<br />

xdty lblb reknehbc idbkt,b<br />

dfhs7 ityc udthlbs dfh7 hfw<br />

bvfc ybiyfdc7 hjv vstkb cfmfhsdtkjf<br />

ityc udthlbs7 ye itrhst,b7<br />

ity cfhlfkb b.fd7 vt 2<br />

]fhbcrfwb lf thsfl db,h’jkjs<br />

xdtyb cfvij,kjc uflfcfhxtyflj=<br />

fv cbn.dt,vf lblb<br />

tythubf lf 'fkf vjvwf7 ,fnjyvf<br />

pehf,vf vjyfobktj,f vbbqj<br />

xdtyb jhufybpfwbbc cbv,jkjc<br />

itmvyfibw8 PJUBTHSB VTE,YT-<br />

,F7 GHJ,KTVT,B FPTH,FB]FY-<br />

IB VJFUDFHT7 MFHSDTKT,B<br />

XDTYC SFDC VBD[TLFDSJ8 KF-<br />

GFHFRB FLDBKBF7 VJLB LF IT-<br />

VT]B,HT MFHSDTKJ,FIB7 CFM-<br />

VBS VFXDTYT7 HF ITUB’KBF XDT-<br />

YB CFVIJ,KJCSDBC7 SE VF-<br />

]J,T,7 VTUJ,HEKFL UFLF-<br />

UT[DTDB8 CFMFHSDTKJC IDBKB<br />

DFH7 FV VBOFPT UFDXYLB LF FM<br />

ct,ib obyfcofhvtn.dtkbw fqvjxylf7<br />

sbsmjc uh’yj,lf7<br />

othlf7 vtibybf7 fm c[df dbyvt<br />

fh vjdbltc lf lftcf[kjcj7<br />

uekbc[vj,lf cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vsbfytsc8 'tukt,c bqt,ty7<br />

mfhsdtkt,bcufy wkbfy hfzfcfw7<br />

[tdcehtscfw8 [fk[b dtqfh<br />

e’kt,c e.ehflqt,j,fc7<br />

dthw reknehbc 'tukt,c<br />

bwfdc888 hfvltybvt lqbc oby f[vtnfib<br />

thsvf rfwvf sfdb vjbrkf7<br />

thsc uekb ufecrlf8<br />

fvfc hjv vjcoht,jlf7 vehvfyb<br />

fqiajst,fc dth lfvfkfdlf7<br />

vbe[tlfdfl bvbcf7 hjv vidblb<br />

[fcbfsbc flfvbfyb b.j8 tc<br />

zbk.dfdt,b cfblfy vjdblyty7<br />

fh dbwb7 dby idf7 dby ufpfhlf7<br />

cfblfy ufvjbxtryty7<br />

thsb rdthw[blfy lf,flt-<br />

,ek7 ewyj,b ]bibc [jzjt,c<br />

/udfyfy7 ite’dhyty thc wyj-<br />

,btht,fib lf vf[cjdhj,bc<br />

vjcgj,fc wlbkj,ty=<br />

JSFH }FAFHB’T7 frfltvbrjcb5<br />

2 vbobc’dhbc itvltu<br />

jybc hfbjyb bctlfw lfyuhtekbf7<br />

hf eylfs7 hfc vbfluyty<br />

f[kf vehvfy kt,fyb-<br />

’bc 'tukc8 fqiajst,ekb dfh<br />

fv afmnbc ufvj7 cfl uflfbnfytc7<br />

cfl uflfvfktc7 hfc eikblf<br />

vsfdhj,fc vehvfy kt-<br />

,fyb’bc 'tukb7 hfc lffnfht-<br />

,ty fv 'tukt,c0= lfdbs fqvfityt,kbc<br />

'tukblfy lfbo.tc7<br />

vtht mesfbcib vthf, ,th’tybidbkbc<br />

itltdhb +3vtvjhbfkb4`<br />

ffatsmtc lf jhb elfyfifekj<br />

cbwjw[kt itbobhtc8 lf-<br />

VEHFP YFUBTDB5<br />

PEHF, MFABFYB'TV<br />

VBS[HF7 ITYC UDTHLBS<br />

DFH7 HFW BVFC YBIYFDC7<br />

HJV VSTKB<br />

CFMFHSDTKJF ITYC<br />

UDTHLBSJ=<br />

3CFFRFIDBKBC VBTH XDTYB }FHT,BC FDQFYTSIB<br />

UFLFCHJKF7 BHFYBC CFGBHBCGBHJL VPFLT,F<br />

MDT.YBC QFKFNFL LF CFRESFHB MDT.YBCSDBC VNHBC<br />

'BT,FL VBVFXYBF8 JVBC LFO.T,BC<br />

ITVS[DTDFIB SDBSJY UFBMWTDF7<br />

EW[JTSIB SFDITCFAFHCFW VBCWTVTY7 [JKJ<br />

CFMFHSDTKJ JVBC WTW[KIB UFT[DTDF=4<br />

FVFS [TKIB=<br />

JSFH ]FAFHB'T5<br />

HF<br />

LFUBIFDFS<br />

VEHVFY<br />

db]thj7 gfhkfvtynbc fcfityt,kfl<br />

mesfbcib vtnb flubkb<br />

fh b.j0 'tukt,ib xdtyb bcnjhbff7<br />

flht djhjywjdbcf<br />

lf ,jkitdbrt,bc 'tukt,b rb<br />

fbqtc7 vfuhfv hfnjv bqt,ty<br />

xdtyb cfsf.dfyt,tkb flfvbfyt-<br />

,bc 'tukt,c0= jybc ths-thsb<br />

mexbcsdbc vehvfy kt,fyb’bc<br />

cf[tkbw uflfehmvtdbfs<br />

2 utrbs[t,bs7 hf lffifdf<br />

KT,FYB'TV0=<br />

vehvfy kt,fyb’tv7 vbc 'tukc<br />

hjv bqt,ty lf mexfc vbc cf-<br />

[tkc hjv fwbkt,ty7 dbc hf<br />

lfeifdf0= vehvfyb vt-@_ cfereybc<br />

mfhsekb gjtpbbc<br />

,ho.bydfkt ofhvjvflutytkb<br />

b.j lf hfzdtkt,bc cbfvf.t8<br />

jybc ufvut,tkc bvtlf uj,t-<br />

]bidbkc welb cf[tkb fhf<br />

fmdc7 vfuhfv hfnjv uflftrblf<br />

vehvfybc 'tukc7 fh dbwb8<br />

hjujhw wyj,bkb uf[lf7 vehvfy kt,fyb’bc 'tukbc flubkfc<br />

jybc vthbbc vityt,kj,f lfbo.t,f8 hjwf gjtnbc vteqkt tktyt<br />

zfdzfdf’t 'tukbc lfcfluvtkfl jyib flubkc fhxtdlf7 hf<br />

bwjlf7 hjv hfvltybvt okbc itvltu fv 'tukc lferbs[fdfl fbqt,lyty<br />

lf sdfkc vjfafht,lyty8 'tukbc ,tlb ewyj,bf lf se<br />

bvfcfw ufdbsdfkbcobyt,s7 [tkbceakt,fc hjujh c’ekc .jdtkbdt<br />

thjdyekb7 dhoveylt,bs7 hjv fvfs vvfhsdtkj,fib vehvfy<br />

kt,fyb’bc 'tukc lqbc cbyfskt fh eothbf=<br />

vjfvpflf mtstdfy [fvbwfidbkvf<br />

LFDBVFH[T,B7 C[DFUFY DTH DBW-<br />

[JDHT,7 VBWLBF7 OFDCEKDFH<br />

RBLTW7 VFUHFV DTH UFD’TKB7<br />

CFVIJ,KJC CB.DFHEKB CEK<br />

C[DF HFVTF7 XBNCFW RB SFDBCB<br />

,ELT E.DFHC7 VT 2 XTVB CFMFH-<br />

SDTKJ8 DFW[FLT,7 DBCFW LF-<br />

GBHBCGBHT,BC UFQDBDT,F EYLF7<br />

DBYW FV GJKBNBRFC F[JHWB-<br />

TKT,C7 BCBYB MFHSDTKT,B FH<br />

FHBFY=<br />

2 cfmfhsdtkjib vw[jdht,<br />

veckbvfyt,c [tkbceakt,f<br />

sfdbc v[fhlfvztht,fl vjbfpht,c7<br />

cffhxtdyjl .dtkfpt vtn<br />

[vt,c cojhtl fpth,fb]fytkb<br />

vjcf[ktj,bcufy tkbfy888<br />

2 veckbvfyt,b f[ctylt,fs fhxtdyt,bc<br />

lhjc7 bo.t,ty dfextht-<br />

,bc lfhbut,fc8 pjubthsb fpth-<br />

,fb]fytkb sfdc fh sdkbc cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vjmfkfmtl7 fhw sfdbc<br />

cfvij,kjl vbfxybf lf fctst,b<br />

vhfdkfl fhbfy8 hjltcfw vfssfy<br />

cffrfidbkb vbdf lf fpth,fb]fyekfl<br />

jh cbn.dfc tn.dbc7<br />

e[fhbfs7 vbif rfhubfj7 fv,j,ty<br />

lf [vfcfw f’ktdty8 FHCT,J,C<br />

UTUVF7 HJV LHJSF UFYVFDKJ-<br />

,FIB FPTH,FB]FYC ITETHSLTC<br />

BC NTHBNJHBT,B7 CFLFW<br />

FPTH,FB]FYTKT,B RJVGFMNE-<br />

HFL FHBFY LFCF[KT,EKYB8<br />

vsfdhj,f fpth,fb]fyek abhvt,pt<br />

.blbc cfcnevhjt,c7 3cjrfhvf4<br />

fhfthsb j,btmnb itb’byf7 fityt,ty<br />

,bpytcwtynht,c7 /tmnhj-<br />

,bs .blekj,ty nthbnjhbt,c8<br />

HFCFW DFV,J,7 FH EYLF TO.B-<br />

YJC FPTH,FB]FYBC CFTKXJC8<br />

HFLUFY FLUBKJ,HBD FPTH,F-<br />

B]FYTKT,C [TKBCEAKT,F .E-<br />

HFLQT,FC FH FMWTDC7 BCBYB VB-<br />

VFHSFDTY FPTH,FB]FYBC VSFD-<br />

HJ,FC8 CBHW[DBKBF7 FPTH,F-<br />

B]FYBC NTKTDBPBF UFLFCWTV-<br />

LTC7 CFMFHSDTKJIB +,jhxfkjc<br />

v[fhtc` CRJKBC ITYJ,F-<br />

IB 'HJ[T,C FV.JAT,TY7 HBC<br />

UFVJW ,FDIDT,B UFYFSKT,FC<br />

DTH BQT,TYJ8 cffdflv.jajt,bc<br />

yfwdkfl crjkt,b ffityjy8 yfstkbf7<br />

hjv fv rkbybrt,bc vityt,kj,f<br />

jvbcsdbc vpflt,ff8<br />

cffrfidbkvf hectssfy jvbw fvbnjv<br />

ofvjbo.j7 mdt.fyfib hfw<br />

eahj vtnb knjkdbkb t.jkt-<br />

,f7 vbs vtnb lfabyfyct,f itvjedf8<br />

UFTHJ-c ofhvjvflutykt,vf<br />

'fkbfy rfhufl bwbfy cffrfidbkbc<br />

n.ebkt,bc itcf[t,7 vfuhfv<br />

sdfkc [ezfdty7 fvfsb [tkbs<br />

sfdbfys cfmvtc frtst,ty7 sdbsjy<br />

fh xfyfy8 NEHBCNT,BC CF-<br />

[TKBS CFMFHSDTKJIB ITVJ-<br />

LBFY CGTWLFYBIYEKT,BC ]UE-<br />

AT,B7 TC XFYSFOFVJRBLT,EKB<br />

FLFVBFYT,B YE UUJYBFS E,HF-<br />

KJ NEHBCNT,B7 CTHBJPEKB<br />

VBCBF FRBCHBFS7 .DTKFATHC<br />

RFHUFL FRJYNHJKT,TY8 vfsfw<br />

lf cfmfhsdtkjc [tkbceakt,fcfw<br />

eylfs7 hjv [fk[b ghjwtct,ib<br />

fh vjyfobktj,ltc7<br />

ijhc b.jc gjkbnbrbcufy7 bw[jdhjy<br />

hj,jnt,bdbs8 UFTHJ uflfvntht,ekbf<br />

veckbvfyeh<br />

mdt.yt,pt7 sdbsjy qbfl fh egbhbcgbhlt,f7<br />

v[fhc ezthc mfhsdtkb<br />

]fhbcrfwt,bc ,h’jkfc fdqfytsib7<br />

vfuhfv bmfeh veckbvfyt,c<br />

udf]f[t,ty lf se hfvt vj[lf7<br />

gbhdtkb lfhn.vfw xdtypt<br />

ufy[jhwbtklt,f8 fvthbrfc dbsjv<br />

rfhub ehsbthsj,f fmdc<br />

sehmtssfy7 vfuhfv cbyfvldbktib<br />

sehmtssfy vfc ufxfqt,ekb<br />

fmdc wbdb jvb7 eylf7 hjv mfhs-<br />

VECKBVFYBC SDFKBS<br />

dtkt,cf lf sehmt,c ijhbc lfb’f,jc<br />

ehsbthsj,f8<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib nthjhbpvbc<br />

cfvb cf[tf 2 GBHDTKB5 fyuhtdty<br />

.dtkfath afctekc8 fv,j,ty7<br />

dfyuhtds7 vfuhfv ertstcc dfityt,sj8<br />

VTJHT5 stcfdty ibic7<br />

[fk[c bct f,ytdty7 fqfh bwbfy7<br />

dbc lfe]thjy 2 jgjpbwbfc se<br />

vsfdhj,fc7 itltufl rb evhfdktcj,f<br />

tuet,f sfdbc .jafc7<br />

ghjntcnc fqfh ufvjsmdfvc7<br />

cofdkj,c rjvgbenthc lf rjywthnt,pt<br />

lflbc8 VTCFVT5 fyflueht,ty<br />

hovtyfc7 bwbfy7 hjv<br />

pjv,bht,ekb flfvbfyb hj,jnbdbs<br />

bo.t,c w[jdht,fc8 vij,kbehb<br />

tybc yfwdkfl7 egbhfntcj,fc<br />

fybzt,ty byukbcehc8 ew-<br />

[jtkc se cfmfhsdtkjcsfy sfyfvihjvkj,f<br />

eylf7 yt,f b,j-<br />

’jc lf mfhsekb bcofdkjc= cfthsfijhbcj<br />

it[dtlht,pt vfhnj<br />

xdtyb ghtpbltynb kfgfhfrj,c<br />

ew[j tyfpt7 fhw[dtyc thc7<br />

tyfc lf nhflbwbfc8 hectsbc<br />

ghtpbltynb hecekfl kfgfhfrj,c7<br />

fpth,fb]fybc 2 fpth,fb-<br />

]fyekfl7 cffrfidbkb rb vtnbxfhfcfdbs<br />

byukbcehfl bo.t,c cfe,fhc=<br />

CFMFHSDTKJ SBSMVBC<br />

LFRFHUEKB UDFMDC LF BVFPT<br />

DLFJ,S7 HF UDFMDC LFCF,HE-<br />

YT,TKB8 LFUDGBHLYTY7 FA[F-<br />

PTSC LFDB,HEYT,SJ7 VFUHFV<br />

EAHJ VTNB NTHBNJHBF LF-<br />

RFHUTC8<br />

2 hfc bn.dbs jgjpbwbfcsfy<br />

lfrfdibht,bs0<br />

2 hjujhw vsfdhj,f7 bct<br />

jgjpbwbf abyfyclt,f lfcfdktsblfy7<br />

fvbnjvfw f[jhwbtkt,ty<br />

lfcfdkeh gjkbnbrfc8 dbcfw sfdbcb<br />

itcf’kt,kj,f fmdc7 fctst,c<br />

upfc ertnfdty8 vfufkbsfl7 ,flhb<br />

gfnfhrfwbidbkb fy pehf,<br />

;dfybf7 jhbdt bct ufbcnevhtc bvmdt.yfl7<br />

cfmvt lqtvlt ufvj’bt-<br />

,ekb fh fhbc8 mhbcnbfy-ltvjrhfnt,b<br />

uujybfs jgjpbwbjytht,b0<br />

it[tlts lqtdfyltk ltvjrhfnbek<br />

mdt.yt,c7 ufh.dybkt-<br />

,ff lfrfyjyt,ekb .dtkufy8 mhbcnbfyj,fc<br />

ye htdty gjkbnbrfib7<br />

ye fzez.bfyt,ty gjkbnbrbs8<br />

2 cjwbfkeh mctkib uffdwtkts<br />

byajhvfwbf7 bhfypt<br />

lfhn.vbcsdbc yfnj-c ]fhb<br />

vj,bkbpt,ekbfj888<br />

2 byajhvfwbbc o.fhjc lfcf[tkt,bc<br />

eakt,f fh vfmdc7 vfuhfv<br />

tc cbvfhsktf8 vbvlbyfhtj,c<br />

YFNJ-c ]fht,bc vpflt,f7 hfsf<br />

lfhn.vf vbf.tyjy bhfybc e’dtktc<br />

mfkfm bcgf/fyc7 bhfybc<br />

uekc8 bhfytkt,bw pfhfklt,bfy<br />

lf bm vw[jdht,b athtblytkb<br />

mfhsdtkt,bw7 gbhdtkb nhfutlbf<br />

cojhtl bm lfnhbfklt-<br />

,f7 lfbqegt,bfy elfyfifekj<br />

flfvbfyt,b7 hjvkt,vfw lqtvlt<br />

itbyfhxeytc mfhsekb tyf7 nhflbwbf7<br />

mfhsekb wtrdt,b lf cbvqtht,b7<br />

rbs[ekj,ty 3dta[bcn.fjcfyc48<br />

CFFRFIDBKC EYLF7<br />

YFNJ-C ]FHSFY THSFL XDTY-<br />

VF ]FHBCRFWT,VFW LFFHN.FY<br />

ATHTBLYTK MFHSDTKT,C7 CF-<br />

RESFH [FK[C8 hfnjv /rblt,ty<br />

pehupt fcts wjldfc xdtyc ]fhbcrfwt,c0<br />

thsfl eylf lfdluts<br />

lf sfdblfy fdbwbkjs tc<br />

e,tleht,f8 CFFRFIDBKBC VB-<br />

TH XDTYB ]FHT,BC FDQFYTSIB<br />

UFLFCHJKF7 BHFYBC CFGBHBC-<br />

GBHJL VPFLT,F MDT.YBC QF-<br />

KFNFL LF CFRESFHB MDT.YBC-<br />

SDBC VNHBC 'BT,FL VBVFXYBF8<br />

JVBC LFO.T,BC ITVS[DTDFIB<br />

SDBSJY UFBMWTDF7 EW[JTS-<br />

IB SFDITCFAFHCFW VBCWTVTY7<br />

[JKJ CFMFHSDTKJ JVBC<br />

WTW[KIB UFT[DTDF8 dbqfw<br />

vtn.dbc7 veckbvfyb [fh7 fpth-<br />

,fb]fytkb lf hf ityb cfmvtfj8<br />

xtvb cfmvtf bvbnjv7 hjv vtw fv<br />

mdt.ybc idbkb dfh7 cekbs mfhsdtkb<br />

lf hfw foe[t,c xtvc<br />

[fk[c7 vtw bc vfoe[t,c8 if/ f,fcvf<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc se nrbdbkb vbf.tyf7<br />

fvfib vt ,hfkb fh vbvb’qdbc<br />

lf ye twlt,bfy fv vbptpbs<br />

xtvc lflfyfifekt,fc8 bvfc<br />

it[tljy7 sfdbcb ]ueabs cffrfidbkb<br />

hjujh mvybc cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

whe bcnjhbfc lf vjvfdfk<br />

sfj,fc hjujh obhfdc cbwhetib<br />

w[jdht,bcfsdbc8 lhjf7<br />

.dtkfathc lfdfhmdfs sfdbcb cf-<br />

[tkb=<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

mtstdfy<br />

[fvbwfidbkb<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 31


32<br />

JS[ OTKBOFLIB THS[TK<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc becnbwbbc<br />

cfvbybcnhjc cfvjmfkfmj<br />

httcnhbc cffutynjc<br />

vjyfwtvt,bs7<br />

@) ST,THDFKC<br />

CFMFHSDTKJIB<br />

LF,FLT,EKBF !)@)<br />

FLFVBFYB8 hjujhw<br />

fqvjxylf7 fv lqtc<br />

lf,flt,ekb<br />

vjmfkfmtt,b<br />

htubcnhbht,ekb<br />

vjcf[ktj,bc _7_%<br />

ghjwtync itflutyty7<br />

vfvfrfwt,c czfh,j,ty<br />

mfk,fnjyt,b8 !)@)<br />

vjmfkfmblfy !_$!<br />

mfkbf7 [jkj )!% 2<br />

vfvfrfwb8 js[b okbc<br />

ufyvfdkj,fib<br />

@) st,thdfkb<br />

rfktylfhib ths[tk<br />

fqbybiyt,f7 fv otkc<br />

yfrbfyc eojlt,ty7<br />

otkboflb vjbwfdc #^^<br />

lqt-qfvtc8<br />

@) st,thdfkc<br />

lf,flt,ekyb fhbfy5<br />

wyj,bkb rjvgjpbnjhb<br />

]jfrbyj hjcbyb +sehvt7<br />

hjwf /rbs[fdlyty7<br />

hfvltyb okbc<br />

,h’fylt,bsj7 sfdbc<br />

okjdfyt,fc js[pt<br />

.jalf lf bct<br />

gfce[j,lf‘7<br />

vjs[bkfveht hfbcf<br />

cvtnfybyf7 ahfyub<br />

vcf[bj,b vbitk vjhufyb8<br />

ktutylfhek hfvfp<br />

x[brdf’tc fhfths[tk<br />

fqeybiyfdc7 cek wjnf<br />

lfvfrklf7 sjhtv<br />

@( st,thdkbc yfwdkfl7<br />

@)-ib lfdb,flt,jlb7<br />

lf,flt,bc lqtcfw js[<br />

otkboflib ths[tk<br />

uflfdb[lblbj8<br />

@) st,thdfkcff<br />

lf,flt,ekb vtlbwbybc<br />

vtwybtht,fsf ljmnjhb7<br />

mbhehub df;f<br />

vfhcfubidbkb7<br />

hjvtkbw ,tlc fh<br />

tvlehbc lf @)<br />

st,thdfkc ,tlybth<br />

sfhbqfl vbbxytdc5<br />

2 !__ otkboflc hjv dbwjw[kj7<br />

xtvb lf,flt,bc lqt<br />

@%-]th ufstylt,f8 otkc ^(<br />

okbc d[lt,b7 @) st,thdfkb<br />

js[ otkboflib ths[tk vjlbc7<br />

vfuhfv okt,b vtw [jv<br />

c[dfcfdbs vtvfnt,f8 hfw vsfdfhbf7<br />

cb,thtc fh duh’yj,7<br />

tythubf vfmdc7 veifj,f itvb’kbf8<br />

2 se bwbs7 hjujhb fvbylb<br />

b.j !)$$ okbc @) st,thdfkc0<br />

2 .fp,tuib lfdb,flt7 cjatk<br />

cyjib8 vsfib fv lhjc .jdtksdbc<br />

cbwbdtf7 hjujhw vte,yt,jlyty7<br />

vfibyfw wbjlf8<br />

ltlfxtvvf cf[kib bvij,bfhf8<br />

LFDBS CFUFYTKB’T<br />

3f[fkb vtvfh]dtytt,bc4<br />

otdhb<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

@) ST,THDFKC<br />

LF,FLT,EKB<br />

sdbsjy tmsfyb b.j7 vfvf tmbvb<br />

v.fdlf8 vjb.dfytc ,t,bfmfkb<br />

lf .jdtkudfhb ufhsekt-<br />

,bc ufhtit lfdb,flt8 hjwf<br />

st,thdfkb @) hbw[dbs vsfdhlt,f7<br />

bv otkc yfrbfyc eojlt,ty7<br />

sfhc okfl vbbxytdty7<br />

e,tleht,bcf lf rfnfrkbpt-<br />

,bc vjvnfyfl8 vfuhfv xtvb<br />

w[jdht,bs rvf.jabkb dfh lf<br />

hfnjvqfw cojhtl sfhc hbw-<br />

[dt,ib eahj vbvfhskt,c8 !#<br />

hbw[dc [jv vbbxytdty yfdcfl7<br />

vt fv lqtc lbcthnfwbf lfdbwfdb<br />

2 !)*( okbc !# bdybcc7<br />

jmvbc yjvthb b.j !#7 lfwdbc<br />

lfo.t,bc lhjw !# cffsb b.j<br />

vbsbst,ekb8 ufvbvfhskf8<br />

2 vbcnbrfc .ehflqt,fc<br />

fmwtds0<br />

2 fhf7 vfuhfv flfvbfybc<br />

DF;F VFHCFUBIDBKB5<br />

FC OTKBOFLC<br />

HJV DBWJW[KJ7<br />

XTVB LF,FLT,BC<br />

LQT @%-]TH<br />

UFSTYLT,F=<br />

w[jdht,fib hfqfw vbcnbrehbw<br />

[lt,f8 v’fahfl ufydbsfht,ekb<br />

vfmdc bynebwbf7<br />

ecbfvjdyj fv,fdc [ibhfl obyfcofh<br />

duh’yj,7 evbptpjl<br />

lfdabmht,ekdfh lf cfresfhb<br />

sfdbc vbvfhs rbs[dfw ufvxtybf<br />

xtvb ufyo.j,bc ufvj8 hf<br />

smvf eylf7 dth dbn.db7 hjv<br />

ebq,kj dfh7 rfhub idbkt,b<br />

v.fdc7 dveifj, lf7 hjujhw<br />

tmbvc7 welb cf[tkb fh vfmdc8<br />

tmbvbc ghjatcbbc lfeakt-<br />

,fw ,fdidj,blfydt vbyljlf8<br />

/jhjcrjgbs stdpt,b dfh7 vfbveybc<br />

otkib dfh lf,flt,ekb7<br />

vb.dfhc o.fkb7 wehdf8 cf[kib<br />

hjwf o.fkb fh vjlbc7<br />

welfl d[lt,b8 xtvpt 'fkbfy<br />

vjmvtlt,c ufpfa[ekb7 tythubbc<br />

vfnt,fc duh’yj,7 tvjwb-<br />

t,bc vjpqdfdt,fc8 cfthsjl7<br />

ufpfa[ekb hsekb gthbjlbf<br />

jhufybpvbcsdbc7 vfuhfv xtvpt<br />

c[dfudfhfl vjmvtlt,c8 vb.dfhc<br />

gjtpbf7 ktmcb fh lfvbothbf7<br />

vfuhfv cbn.dbc 'fkfc lbl<br />

vybidytkj,fc dfybzt,7 vb.dfhc<br />

vecbrf 2 rkfcbrfw lf rfhub<br />

sfyfvtlhjdt vtkjlbt,b8<br />

2 lf,flt,bc lqtc v[jkjl<br />

js[ otkboflib ths-<br />

[tk fqybiyfds0<br />

2 vij,kt,b @) hbw[dib<br />

vb[lblyty lf,flt,bc lqtc8<br />

.jdtksdbc fhw vt fqdybiyfd7<br />

sevwf7 vjkjwdf fhfdbc fdbo.lt,f8<br />

lf,flt,bc lqtc cf[kib<br />

db[lb7 [fylf[fy 2 htcnjhfyibw8<br />

se st,thdfkb @( hbw[dbs<br />

vsfdhlt,f7 vfiby !@ st-<br />

,thdkblfy bo.t,ty vjkjwdfc8<br />

^_ okbc hjltcfw ufd[lb7 lblb<br />

lf,flt,bc lqt uflfdb[flt7<br />

xfvjdblyty xtvb idbkt,b<br />

+cfpqdfhufhts w[jdhj,ty‘7<br />

yfstcfdt,b7 vtuj,ht,b8 ifhify<br />

lf,flt,bc lqt /jkfylbfib<br />

uflfvb[flf xtvvf idbkvf7<br />

qdbyj fmtlfy ofdbqt8 vt[evht-<br />

,bfy7 hf ubzbhc7 fh lf,thlt-<br />

,b7 ityb lf,flt,bc lqt [jv<br />

js[ otkboflib ths[tk vjlbcj8<br />

vt [jv dbwb7 hjv okt,b<br />

vtvfnt,f7 hf vybidytkj,f fmdc7<br />

st,thdfkib @) hbw[db bmyt-<br />

,f se fhf8<br />

2 @) st,thdfkc lf,flt-<br />

,ekc dbc bwyj,s0<br />

2 fctst,b ,tdhyb fhw fhbfy7<br />

fhw xtvc bhudkbd vf[ctylt,f<br />

dbyvt7 fhw sfyfvihjvt-<br />

BCBYB @) ST,THDFKC LFB,FLYTY<br />

VBITK VJHUFYB }JFRBYJ HJCBYB HFBCF CVTNFYBYF<br />

fv [tkbceakt,fc cehc7 .dtkfathb<br />

thjdyekb7 [fk[bcsdbc<br />

'dbhafcb lf cf.dfhtkb fvj-<br />

’bhrdjc8 'tukb lhjt,bs fdbqts<br />

lf c[dfufy lfdlufvsj7 hjv<br />

fv,j,ty7 vehvfy kt,fyb’bc mexfcfw<br />

lhjt,bs eojltc s,bkbcbc<br />

mexf0<br />

se lqtdfyltk ntyltywbt,c<br />

ufdbsdfkbcobyt,s7 gjtnbc 'tukbc<br />

flubkpt 3ikjgfyw-dtkj-<br />

cbgtlbc4 vcufdc 'tukc lflufvty7 fy fvthbrbc hjvtkbvt ghtpbltynbcfc8<br />

lfhoveyt,ekb dfh7 wjw[fkb flfvbfybcsdbc<br />

'tukbc lfluvf hjv itb’kt,jltc7 pfh-ptbvbs lfelufvlyty<br />

vjyevtync cffrfidbkc8<br />

3>DTKF CBF[KT4<br />

UBJHUB RJLEF<br />

fdbfrjvgfybf 3cmfb ]jh]bfc4<br />

ghtpbltynb<br />

dbyfblfy cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vsfdhj,fc xtvc<br />

ghjatcbjyfkbpvib<br />

tzdb<br />

tgfht,f7 rjvgfybfc7<br />

fk,fs7<br />

ufd.blb7 vfhsdbc<br />

eakt,bs<br />

uflfdwtv ew[jtkbydtcnj-<br />

ht,c8 fv mdt.fyfib [jv ew[jtkt,bcsdbc eahj<br />

rfhub ufhtvjf7 mfhsdtkt,bcsdbc rb cfpqdht,c<br />

ufhts ufcdkff ufvjcfdfkb8 hf smvf eylf7<br />

.dtkf mfhsdtkc cfvij,kjib w[jdht,f<br />

ehxtdybf7 vfs ijhbc 2 vtw7 vfuhfv xtvvf ,bp-<br />

ytcvf se fh bveifdf7 'fkbfy ufvbzbhlt,f fm<br />

.jayf8<br />

3>DTKF CBF[KT4<br />

VFHBFV<br />

WFWFYFIDBKB<br />

vj’hfj,f 3eybdthcbntntkbc4<br />

behbcnb<br />

lqtc tc eknhfkb,thfkehb<br />

vbvfhsekt,f<br />

vcjakbjc .dtkf<br />

mdt.fyfib rhf[c<br />

ufybwlbc7 cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

rb<br />

wlbkj,ty7 lffvrdblhjyghbywbgb<br />

2 ub;b sfdbceafkbf8<br />

wlbkj,ty7 bct ofhvjfxbyjy7 hjv mfhsekb<br />

ufyskt,bc cbcntvf ,tylemb’blfy bo.t,f8 sevwf7<br />

dabmhj,7 bc7 dbyw ,tylemb’bc eybdthcbntnib<br />

lbl’fk aekc b[lbc7 vfkt lfbyf-<br />

[fdc7 hjv bm vbqt,ekb ufyfskt,f fvltyb cekfw<br />

fh qbhc8<br />

3>DTKF CBF[KT4<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

kb7 fhw gfwbtynb8 dbqfwfpt<br />

vbs[htc7 itycfdbs bcbw @)<br />

st,thdfkc lfb,flfj7 vfuhfv<br />

udfhb fh vf[cjdc8 f[kf7 hjwf<br />

xtvc lf,flt,bc lqtpt dcfe,hj,7<br />

vf[ctylt,f ,fdidj,f7 xtvb<br />

vij,kbehb cjatkb rfhrexf7<br />

vfhcfubidbkt,b fmtlfy<br />

fhbfy8 [jv uf[cjds cbvqthf5<br />

rfhrexbs xfvfb.dfytc mfkb kfvfpb<br />

svbfyb888 vfvfxtvbw tmbvb<br />

b.j7 .fp,tubc hfbcffdflv.jajib<br />

veifj,lf7 itvltu #@ otkb<br />

.bpkfhbc vtlcfyyfobkbc<br />

vsfdfhb tmbvb b.j8 fct hjv7<br />

.bpkfhibw cfrvfj [fyc dw[jdhj,lb8<br />

j]f[ib cfvb idbkb dbphlt,jlbs7<br />

uekb fhfclhjc<br />

lfvo.dtnbf7 xtvc lf-’vfc lf,flt,bc<br />

lqtc .jdtk otkc hjv<br />

e[lblyty7 vt rb js[b otkb<br />

eylf vtwflf7 vfuhfv cfxemht-<br />

,bc ufhtit vfbyw fh vnjdt,lyty8<br />

2 ef[kjtcb vtuj,ht-<br />

,blfy dby pbc smdtyb lf,flt,bc<br />

lqbc ceahfcsfy0<br />

2 ef[kjtcb vtuj,ht,b ufhlfbwdfkyty7sfyfvihjvkt,sfy<br />

dfh f[kjc7 xtvc sfyfrehctkt,sfy8<br />

lf,flt,bc lqtc vjvbkjwfdty<br />

xtvb lf 2 hflbjsthfgbbc<br />

wtynhbc lbhtmnjhb<br />

kebpf vfhcfubidbkb lf<br />

'vf ubjhub vfhcfubidbkb8 xtvb<br />

'vf xtvpt ufwbkt,bs evwhjcbf7<br />

crjkfc dfvsfdht,lb7<br />

hjwf lfb,flf8<br />

2 hfc yfyj,s ^( okbc<br />

fcfrib0<br />

2 rfhrexfib vfvfgfgehb<br />

cf[kb vmjylf vbnjdt,ekb7 tc<br />

vfoe[t,lf 'fkbfy7 f[kf cf[kbc<br />

fqlutyf lfdbo.t7 tpjib<br />

o.fkb itdb.dfyt8 cfjwfh flubkfcff<br />

xtvb cjatkb7 bmblfy<br />

[tdcehtsb bo.t,f7 f[kjcff yflfh,fptdb7<br />

cflfw lfhbfkbc<br />

[tj,fufvjdkbkvf lfdbs fqvityt,tkvf<br />

lfh,fpj,f ufvfhsf8<br />

fhfathc dyfyj,7 fhw fv @)<br />

st,thdfkpt vo.lt,f uekb7 bct<br />

vsfdhlt,f st,thdfkb lf vfhnb<br />

bct bo.t,f7 cbyfyekb fh<br />

vtrfht,f8 c[df v[hbd7 eitwljvj<br />

fhfdbyff7 cfvtlbwbyj ghfmnbrbc<br />

lhjcfw lfvbidbf itwljvt,b7<br />

vfuhfv xtvb itwljvbc<br />

ufvj fdflv.jab fh lfqegekf7<br />

yfdsbc kfvgbc iemptw ufvbrtst,bf<br />

jgthfwbt,b8 fh vfdbo.lt,f<br />

thsb gfwbtynb7 hjvtkbw<br />

firfhf cbrdlbkc uflfdfhxbyt7<br />

udfhfl xmfhtekb b.j7<br />

rezb cfvb lqbc ufvcrlfhb<br />

/mjylf7 jgthfwbf hjv fh ufvtrtst,byf7<br />

ths cffsib lfbqegt,jlf8<br />

SMDTYB UFPTSBC CFIEF-<br />

KT,BS @) ST,THDFKC LF-<br />

,FLT,EK .DTKF FLFVBFYC<br />

,TLYBTHT,FC DECEHDT,7<br />

,TDHB CBRTST TRTST,B-<br />

YJS7 IDBKT,B LF IDBKBI-<br />

DBKT,B RFHUFL /.FDLTS7<br />

W[JDHT,FIB UFEVFHS-<br />

KJS7 FH LFQJYLYTY7 JS[<br />

OTKBOFLIB THS[TK SE<br />

LUT,F VFSB LF,FLT,BC LQT7<br />

VSFDFHB [JV CBWJW[KTF<br />

LF HFLUFY WJW[KT,B FHB-<br />

FY7 TCT BUB7 .DTKFATHB<br />

RFHUFL BMYT,F=<br />

DF;F<br />

KJHSMBAFYB’T<br />

ghjatcjhb<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

mtstdfy<br />

[fvbwfidbkb<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkc vfhskfw<br />

/mjylf lblb hfjltyj,bs<br />

hecekb aekb7 cfvoe[fhjl7<br />

vfy .dtkfathb fv [tkbceakt-<br />

,fc lff[fh]f lf fqfh lfhxf8<br />

f[kf ahfyuekb aekb lfhxf<br />

lf fv ahfyuek aekc [fh]fdc8<br />

3FKBF4


ufcek rdbhfc idblb<br />

flfvbfyb vjbofvkf<br />

ktctkb’bc mexfpt<br />

fhct,ek cfifehvtib8<br />

cfybnfhbekb cfvcf[ehb<br />

lfcrdyfc fsb lqbc<br />

itvltu lflt,c7 vfuhfv<br />

fvfc erdt vybidytkj,f<br />

fhf fmdc7 afmnb afmnfl<br />

hxt,f 2 mfhsdtkt,b<br />

vjofvkf sehmekvf<br />

ifehvfv7 [jkj<br />

cfifehvtv 2 vjut,f<br />

yf[f=<br />

dth utn.dbs7 cfvsfdhj,j<br />

ntktdbpbt,b fct hfv fqfiajsf7<br />

vfiby7 hjwf cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

vjcf[ktj,f lblb [fybf7 BOFV-<br />

KT,F fhfvfhnj ifehvbs7<br />

fhfvtl sehmtsblfy itvjnfybkb<br />

ghjlemnt,bs7 [bkbsf<br />

se ,jcnytekbs8 hfnjvqfw<br />

bynjmcbrfwbfl fh fafct,ty<br />

lf ufyufic fh nt[ty bvfpt7<br />

hjv sehmtsvf cfmfhsdtkj<br />

lfbg.hj fhfvfhnj cfifehvtt,bs7<br />

fhfvtl sfdbcb rfatt,bsf<br />

lf htcnjhyt,bs7 cfcnevhjt,bs7<br />

ufcfhsj,b wtynht,bs7<br />

crjkt,bsf lf eybdthcbntnt,bs7cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

nthbnjhbfpt vtxtst-<br />

,bc fityt,bc vjs[jdybs8 mfhsekb<br />

wyj,btht,bc VJOFVD-<br />

KF lf uf,het,f sfdlfgbhdtkfl<br />

lfbo.tc eo.byfhb rekbyfhbekb<br />

lfotct,ekt,t,bs 2<br />

cfifehvtt,bs7 vtht bvbc vnrbwt,bs7<br />

hjv sehmtsb fh fhbc<br />

xdtyb bcnjhbekb vnthb lf<br />

sehmekb vtxtsbc vityt,kj-<br />

,fw cfmfhsdtkjib v[jkjl<br />

reknehekb qjybc’bt,ff8<br />

hfnjv fh fmdt.yt,ty bv cfdfkfkj<br />

cnfnbcnbrfc7 hjv lfcfdkts<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib fv;fvfl<br />

vjmvtlt,c !)* veckbvfyehb<br />

cfreknj lf cfcofdkj<br />

lfotct,ekt,f7 fmtlfy !($<br />

j,btmnb vfhnj fzfhfib aeymwbjybht,c<br />

+$$-c reknehek-bcnjhbekbvybidytkj,f<br />

tybzt,f7 lfyfhxtyb rb<br />

cfreknj lf cfcofdkj wtynht,bf‘8<br />

[ekjc hfbjyib **<br />

veckbvfyehb cfcofdkj wtynhbf8<br />

fhlflfut,bc lhjc ,fdidt,b<br />

cofdkj,ty .ehfycf lf<br />

bckfvc7 # fsfcfvlt fzfhtkb<br />

,fdidb vtlhtctt,ib +bckfvehb<br />

crjkt,b‘ cofdkj,c8 fzfhbc<br />

vfqfkvsbfy hfbjyib vjmvtlt,c<br />

cfcekbthj gfycbjyt-<br />

,b7 cflfw ,fdidt,b teakt,bfy<br />

bckfvbc cfae’dkt,c8 cek<br />

f[kf[fy rb ufdhwtklf byajhvfwbf7<br />

hjv bckfvehb cf-<br />

[tkvobajc 'kbtht,bc cbv,jkjl7<br />

,fsevbc wtynhib fitylt,f<br />

@%-vtnhbfyb rjirb8 lf tc<br />

.dtkfathb [jhwbtklt,f cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

[tkbceakt,bc<br />

[tklfc[vbs8<br />

xdtyb cnevfhbf vcf[bj,b<br />

fcvfs n.f,kf't7<br />

hjvtkbw sjs[vtnb otkbf7<br />

hfw rfat-htcnjhfyc [tkv-<br />

’qdfytkj,c7 fhbc cfertstcj<br />

rekbyfhb lf 'fkbfy rfhufl<br />

bwbc cohfab rdt,bc j,btmnt,bc<br />

veifj,bc ghbywbgb5<br />

2 fh vbyf[fdc7 hjv [tkbceakt,bc<br />

ofhvjvflutykt,b<br />

vbbhsvtdlyty sehmek ifeh-<br />

PFPF [EWBIDBKB<br />

vjvqthfkb<br />

3IFEHVBCSDBC VJVPFLT,EK [JHWBC<br />

YFSFKC CEYTKT,C F.HBFY7 FVBS<br />

UF;QTYSBK [JHWC RB UFPPT ODFDTY8<br />

ITVODFH [JHWC DTHW ITFN.J,S7 F[FKB B.J<br />

SE FHF7 CEYTKB }F,YBC [JHWBC UTVJC LF<br />

DTHW [DLT,BS7 HFC VBBHSVTDS=4<br />

FCVFS N.F,KF'T5<br />

vfc8 mfkfmbc wtynhfkeh e,yt,ib<br />

vfsb uf[cybc eakt,f<br />

hjv ufcwtc7 bfhjy bm lf ifehvfw<br />

sdbsjy vbbhsdfy7 zfvjy<br />

ufpbc yfvodbs ufvehekb<br />

lf v[esfdb ufpbs itpfdt,ekb<br />

lfnrtgybkb [jhwb lf<br />

[fk[c vtht itcsfdfpjy8 sdbsjy<br />

wel cfrdt,c fh vbbhsvtdty7<br />

vfuhfv xdty bv cfifehvtt,ib<br />

vjvpflt,ek ifehvfc<br />

udsfdfpj,ty7 cflfw lfwekb<br />

fh fhbc cfybnfhbekb yjhvt,b7<br />

fhfdby bwbc7 cfl byf[t,f<br />

[jhwb7 f[fkbf se kgj,fithtekb<br />

+itb’kt,f7 ptl vfnkbw<br />

t[dbjc‘7 cfl bhtw[t,f7<br />

dby htw[fdc7 vpfhtekc [tkt-<br />

,b ceasf fmdc se fhf7 ceasf<br />

vfublfpt bzht,f se fhf tc<br />

[jhwb lf f8 i8 DBYW CFRE-<br />

vbdtcfkvt,b<br />

bvfc7 hfw rjveybcnt,bc<br />

lhjc<br />

b.j8 vfiby fh<br />

xfylf7 gjkbwbbc<br />

ityj,f cfl<br />

bluf8 hf smvf<br />

eylf7 gjkbwbfc<br />

rfhub7 sfyfvtlhjdtfqzehdbkj,fey-<br />

lf /mjyltc lf ufhrdtekobkfl mdt.fyf vfcpt<br />

eylf b.jc lfvjrblt,ekb7 vfuhfv fctsb<br />

ityj,t,bc sdfkibcfwtv flubkt,ib lfluvf<br />

fh vjvojyc8 dsdkb7 hjv 'fkbfy eiyjt,bf<br />

lf sfy eflubkj flubkt,ib lufvty8<br />

CFVFHW[DBYJF7 MFHSEKB<br />

REKBYFHBEKB<br />

HTWTGNT,BC VMJYT [FK[B<br />

SEHMEK CFIFEHVTT,IB<br />

BRDT,T,JLTC=<br />

3HTPJYFYCB4<br />

SFH ]FYVHSTKJ,FPT<br />

ABMHJ,C7 BC MEXFIB YFEW-<br />

,FSTDFL VJVPFLT,EK CFR-<br />

DT,C FH ITB’TYC8 HJUJHW<br />

OTCB7 FCTS J,BTMNT,IB LF-<br />

,FKB [FHBC[BC [JHWBCUFY<br />

FVPFLT,TY CFZVTKC LF HFW<br />

ITB’KT,F VTN VJUT,FPT<br />

VEIFJ,TY8 ifehvbcsdbc vjvpflt,ek<br />

[jhwbc yfsfkc ceytkt,c<br />

f.hbfy7 fvbs uf;qtysbk<br />

[jhwc rb ufppt odfdty8<br />

itvodfh [jhwc dthw itfn.j,s7<br />

f[fkb b.j se fhf7<br />

ceytkb ]f,ybc [jhwbc utvjc<br />

lf dthw [dlt,bs7 hfc vbbhsvtds8<br />

hfw itt[t,f ceytkt,c<br />

2 'dtk ceytkib xylt,f zbf<br />

lf vfnkb7 vfnkb exylt,f vofht<br />

obofrfcfw rb8<br />

3dfhlt,bc<br />

htdjkewbblfy4<br />

ufydkbkvf<br />

gthbjlvf7 ,tdh<br />

yuhtdfcsfy thsfl<br />

vhfdfkb<br />

j]f[bc hqdtdfw<br />

ufvjbodbf7 hfw<br />

'fkbfy welfl<br />

vjmvtlt,c xdtyb<br />

vjvfdfkb sfj,bc w[jdht,fpt8<br />

vbdvfhsfd .dtkf rfwcf lf mfkc5 itbyfhxeyts<br />

lf ye lffyuhtds smdtyc j]f[t,c7<br />

mfhsdtkt,b bctlfw wjnfyb dfhs8<br />

UJUB CDFYB'T<br />

egfhnbj<br />

DBY FHBC<br />

UFHFYNBBC<br />

VJVWTVB7 HJV<br />

IFEHVBC ZFVBC<br />

LHJC FH<br />

VBBHSVTDS<br />

VFNKBFY [JHWCF<br />

LF VFNKBFY<br />

CEYTKC0 FHF<br />

VUJYBF7<br />

CNFV,JKIB<br />

SEHMT,B FCTS<br />

FYNBCFYBNFHBEK<br />

GBHJ,T,IB<br />

FRTST,LYTY<br />

YFYF LTDLFHBFYB<br />

;ehyfkbcnb7 .jabkb<br />

cf[fk[j lfvwdtkb<br />

CFRESFHB<br />

VJCF[KTJ,BCSDBC<br />

IFEHVT,C8<br />

uehvfyb dfh7 vfuhfv ifehvf<br />

fhfclhjc vbzfvbf7 vbcb ufcby]dbc<br />

cehdbkbw fh vmjybf8<br />

rjveybcnt,bc lhjc fhct-<br />

,j,lf cthbjpekb cfybnfhbekb<br />

cfvcf[ehb7 lfhqdtdfpt<br />

vrfwhfl vjbs[jdt,jlf gfce[b8<br />

f[kf rtltkpt frhfdty<br />

v[jkjl uflfcf[flt,bc cf-<br />

,esc7 hfw v.bldtkc cekfw<br />

fh fbynthtct,c8 CFVFHW[DB-<br />

YJF7 MFHSEKB REKBYF-<br />

HBEKB HTWTGNT,BC VMJYT<br />

[FK[B SEHMEK CFIFEHVT-<br />

T,IB BRDT,T,JLTC= VSTKB<br />

VCJAKBJ MFHSEK RTH-<br />

’T,C BS[JDC LF TCTYB FM<br />

3FV .DTKFAHBC ERFY<br />

GFHKFVTYNFHT,B<br />

LUFYFY7 VSFDHJ,FIB<br />

ITVS[DTDBS<br />

VJ[DTLHBKB<br />

,FYLBNT,B LF<br />

SFDPFHC CWTVTY<br />

VSTK MDT.FYFC8 FV<br />

CFIFEHVTT,BC<br />

ERFYFW TCTYB<br />

LUFYFY7 SJHTV<br />

SEHMT,C VFSB<br />

UF[CYBC EAKT,FC<br />

DBY VBCWTVLF0=4<br />

RDBHUDBYJCYT,B<br />

hjwf ubdb sfhufvf’tv gjkbwbtkc<br />

fh.bc ,jskb xffhn.f sfdib7<br />

vfiby ifkdf hfvbidbkb xtvsfy<br />

vjdblf lf vbs[hf 2 ubdb<br />

sfhufvf’bc eakt,t,b fh lfdbwdfsj0<br />

ifkdf obyfcofh brkfdlf<br />

sfdc bvbcsdbc7 hfsf ubdb sfhufvf’t<br />

fh lftzbhfs8<br />

hfw ubylf7 rfhub udfht,b lf<br />

cf[tkt,b xfothj cffhxtdyj cbfib7<br />

se flubkt,pt fh ut.jkt-<br />

,bfy bctsb flfvbfyt,b7 dbcfw bmfehb e,fyb lf vw[jdht,kt-<br />

,b gfnbdc cwtvty7 fhxtdyt,c dth vjbut,= dbyw ufvfh]dt,f eylf<br />

vjbnfyjc7 bv [fk[c 3mfhsek jwyt,fib4 flubkt,pt dth<br />

d[tlfd8<br />

AHS[BKFL=<br />

IFEHVT,C ZFVTY8 mfhsdtkb<br />

.jdtksdbc ufvjbhxtjlf vfqfkb<br />

reknehbs7 mexfib zfvf<br />

lf,fkb reknehbc vfxdtyt,tkbf7<br />

dth ufdbut7 hfnjv vjcojys<br />

f[fkufphlt,c mexfib<br />

vjvpflt,ekb cfrdt,bc .bldf<br />

lf mexbc vndthib zfvf0= ew-<br />

[jtsib mexfib zfvf wel njyfl<br />

bsdkt,f7 hbu flubkt,ib<br />

fvbcsdbc f]fhbvt,ty8<br />

2 smdtyc rfat-htcnjhfyib<br />

sehmt,b [ibhfl itvjlbfy0<br />

2 'fkbfy bidbfsfl7 vfufs<br />

sfdbfysb rth’t,b vjcojys8<br />

xdtyb cnevht,b7 'bhbsflfl7<br />

mfhsdtkt,b lf tdhjgtkt,b<br />

fhbfy8 sehmt,b cfmfhsdtkjib<br />

c[df vbpybs itvjlbfy7 mfkfmt,ib<br />

erdt sehmekb e,yt,bw<br />

ufxylf7 .dtkfv rfhufl<br />

bwbc7 hfw [lt,f ,fsevib8<br />

UTRBS[T,BS7<br />

HFNJV EYLF<br />

VBCWTY SEHMT,C<br />

,FSEVIB<br />

LFCF[KT,BCF LF<br />

E,YT,BC<br />

UFITYT,BC<br />

EAKT,F0 TC<br />

BUBDTF7 XTVB<br />

CF[KB C[DFC HJV<br />

DFXEMJ LF XTVB<br />

VJYFUFHB<br />

[TKWFHBTKB<br />

LFDNJDJ8 XDTYC<br />

VJVFDFK SFJ,FC<br />

SEHMEK E,YT,C<br />

DENJDT,S0<br />

ufvjw[flt,ekbf cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

uf.bldf7 vfhsfkbf7 flhtw<br />

.bllyty7 vfuhfv f[kf erdt<br />

ltvjrhfnbbc cf[tkbs firfhfl<br />

lf lfeafhfdfl .blbfy8<br />

.blbfy n.tt,c7 vbot,c7 vc[dbk<br />

j,btmnt,c888 ufb.blf vt,fqtj,f-vtdtyf[tj,bcbycnbnenb7<br />

fv .dtkfahbc erfy gfhkfvtynfht,b<br />

lufyfy7 vsfdhj-<br />

,fib itvs[dtdbs vj[dtlhbkb<br />

,fylbnt,b lf sfdpfhc cwtvty<br />

vstk mdt.fyfc8 fv cfifehvtt-<br />

,bc erfyfw tctyb lufyfy7 sjhtv<br />

sehmt,c vfsb uf[cybc<br />

eakt,fc dby vbcwtvlf0= 3gjgekb4<br />

hjltcfw ufb[cyf7 ths<br />

sdtib itfxtht,bytc veifj,f7<br />

itvltu mfkfmbc vfcinf,bs<br />

.dtkufy uf[cytc 2 tct bub7 cflfdtt,b<br />

[tkib fbqj vsfdhj-<br />

,fv lf cfmvtw ufbxfh[f8<br />

xdtyb cfo.fkb mfhsdtkt,b<br />

sehmtsib vjyt,bdbs ihjvj-<br />

,ty7 sehmt,b rb fm ,bpytcc<br />

bo.j,ty8<br />

HFNJV EYLF ITVJUDMJY-<br />

LTC SEHMTSBLFY CMTKRF-<br />

YBFYB GJVBLJHB7 HJWF FM<br />

ITUDB’KBF7 VJDB.DFYJS<br />

EUTVHBTKTCB MFHSEKB<br />

GJVBLJHB8 CJAKT,IB<br />

'HJ[F FQFH LFHXF LF W[DF-<br />

HB7 VSFDHJ,BC OTDHT,VF<br />

UFBDCTC ]B,TT,B LF XDTYB<br />

YJ.BTHB VBOF XBYTKT,CF LF<br />

SEHMT,C XFEULTC [TKIB8<br />

lfabmhltc .dtkf7 vfhnj ifehvbs<br />

rb fh dbofvkt,bs7 udtofvkt,f<br />

ujyt,f lf [tkblfy<br />

udtwkt,f cfmfhsdtkj8 lqtc<br />

hjv mfhsek rth’t,pt efhc<br />

dfv,j,s7 [dfk xdtyc vbofptw<br />

efhc dbn.dbs8 mdt.ybc sdbsv.jaj,f<br />

rth’t,cf lf rekbyfhbfptw<br />

fbcf[t,f lf se fm mfhsek<br />

rth’t,c sehmekb xffyfwdkt,c7<br />

xdtyc mdt.fyfc hf cf-<br />

[tkb lfthmvtdf0<br />

ifehvf sehmekb rth’bf7<br />

vfuhfv fmfeh cfifehvtt,ib<br />

sehmekfl itpfdt,ek [jhwc<br />

cjv[eh s[tk kfdfiib f[dtdty8<br />

dbyfblfy ifehvf ths[tkfw fh<br />

ufvbcby]fdc7 dth utn.dbs7 cjv-<br />

[ehb kfdfibc utvj ]f,ybc se<br />

sehmekb afhibc=<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

mtstdfy<br />

[fvbwfidbkb<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 33<br />

3FKBF4


34<br />

SMDTYB }FYVHSTKJ,BCFSDBC<br />

,bjkjubbc<br />

vtwybtht,fsf ljmnjhb<br />

JSFH<br />

OBOBKFIDBKB<br />

fv]thfl cfe,hj,c<br />

flfvbfyehb<br />

ehsbthsj,bc evfqktc<br />

ufvj[fnekt,fpt 2<br />

cb.dfhekpt5<br />

2 cb.dfhekc ufycfpqdhfdc<br />

utytnbrf7 /jhvjyt,b lf okt-<br />

,bc ufyvfdkj,fib xfvj.fkb,t-<br />

,ekb acbmjkjubf8 fv tvjwbeh<br />

ituh’yt,fc bodtdc sfdbc<br />

ndbyib ofhvjmvybkb ,eyt,hbdb<br />

nhfyrdbkbpfnjht,b7<br />

3,TLYBTHT,BC /JHVJYB47<br />

hjvtkcfw TYLJHABYB /mdbf7<br />

fctdt ,bjmbvbehb ybdsbtht,f<br />

ATHJVJYB7 hjvkbc cehytkbw<br />

bodtdc flfvbfybc .ehflqt,fc7<br />

lf JMCBNJWBYB7<br />

hjvtkbw jhb flfvbfybc thsvfytssfy<br />

itxdtdfc ufyfgbhj-<br />

,t,c8 hfw eylf ufcfrdbhfl vjutxdtyjs7<br />

cb.dfhekbs 3lffdflt,bc4<br />

lhjc htfubht,c ndbybc<br />

bc pjyf7 hjvtkbw7 hjujhw<br />

otcb7 fmnbehlt,f cf.dfhtkb<br />

vtkjlbbc vjcvtybc7<br />

cbwbkbc fy ctmcbc lhjc7 tc<br />

pjyf jhufybpvc vbfybiyt,c<br />

cfrdt,bc7 o.kbcf lf ;fyu,flbc<br />

vbqt,bc fewbkt,kj,fpt8 UF-<br />

VJLBC7 HJV CB.DFHEKBW<br />

BCTSBDT FEWBKT,TKB .J-<br />

ABKF JHUFYBPVBCSDBC7<br />

HJUJHW ;FYU,FLB7 CFRDT-<br />

,B FY O.FKB8 NDBYBC FV PJ-<br />

YFC VTPJKBV,EHB PJYF<br />

TOJLT,F7 VLT,FHTJ,C SF-<br />

DBC NDBYBC WTYNHFKEH YF-<br />

OBKIB +fv pjyfpt yfrkt,b<br />

tatmnbs htfubht,ty fkrj/jkb<br />

lf yfhrjnbrt,b‘8 VFUHFV<br />

'KBTHB CB.DFHEKB FHBC<br />

GFSJKJUBFW8<br />

2 cb.dfhekc lffdflt,fl<br />

sdkbs0<br />

2 fv lhjc cbc[kib mfhbi-<br />

[fkbdbs bzht,f cfcmtcj /jhvjyt,bc<br />

lblb hfjltyj,f7 hfw<br />

sfdbc ndbybc veifj,fc cthbjpekfl<br />

eikbc [tkc8 flfvbfyb<br />

ufeojyfcojht,tkb [lt-<br />

,f7 fh ite’kbf cojhb uflfo.dtnbkt,t,bc<br />

vbqt,f7 ujyt,hbd<br />

cfveifjc itltubfyfl dth fchekt,c7<br />

tvjwbf bg.hj,c<br />

vstk c[tekc7 flfvbfyc lfrfhhekb<br />

fmdc xdtekb vlujvfhtj,f8<br />

cb.dfhekb ,eyt,bc thsudfhb<br />

cfblevkjf7 tn.j,f7<br />

xdty .dtkf fv cfblevkjc fvjcfwyj,fl<br />

dfhs lf,flt,ekb8<br />

vfuhfv cb.dfhekbc vbvfhs vt<br />

xtvb fphb lf rdktdf ufvfxybf8<br />

2 ,h’fyts8<br />

2 cb.dfhekc thsb ibyffhcb<br />

fmdc7 ubylf7 b.j it.dfht-<br />

,eksfy thsfl7 ufertsj vfc<br />

cbrtst8 vfuhfv7 se dbyvtc fbynthtct,c<br />

bltfkehb cb.dfhekb<br />

2 bltfkehb cb.dfhekb<br />

bynbvsfy fh fhbc lfrfdibht-<br />

,ekb7 bc lfrfdibht,ekbf cbovbyltcsfy=<br />

hjwf ufmdc knjkdf7<br />

vbcohfat,f abpbrehb<br />

cbf[kjdbcrty7 tc fhbc bynbvpt<br />

lfae’yt,ekb tvjwbf lf<br />

fhf cb.dfhekb8 fv knjkdbc<br />

cfobylfhb ufyc[dfdt,ekb cmtcbf7<br />

.dtkfahbc cfo.bcbf ctmcefkehb<br />

ehsbthsj,f8 DB-<br />

QFWFC SE /UJYBF7 HJV<br />

J]F[B BMVYT,F VFHNJ CB.-<br />

DFHEKBC UFVJ7 WLT,F8<br />

J]F[B BMVYT,F BVBC UFVJW7<br />

HJV FLFVBFYC COHFADF FMDC7<br />

VJBO.JC CFRESFHB RES-<br />

[T7 LF,FLJC ,FDIDT,B8 CTM-<br />

CEFKEHB EHSBTHSJ,F FH<br />

YBIYFDC CB.DFHEKC7 TC<br />

FHBC ABPBJKJUBEHB CE-<br />

HDBKT,BC LFRVF.JABKT-<br />

,F7 TC FHBC ISFVJVFDKJ-<br />

,BC UFXTYBC BYCNBYMNB8<br />

XDTYC JHUFYBPVIB CB.DFHE-<br />

KBC CF[TKBS VJMVTLT,TY<br />

UTYT,B8 CB.DFHEKB FHBC<br />

TDJKEWBBC EYBRFKEHB<br />

HFV7 UFVHFDKT,BC VTMFYBP-<br />

VB7 HJVTKBW BLTFKEHFL<br />

FFVEIFDF ,EYT,FV8<br />

2 ,fnjyj jsfh7 hjvtjcf<br />

lf ]ekbtnfc ijhbc cb.dfhekb<br />

fh fhct,j,lf0<br />

2 hjvtjcf lf ]ektnfc ijhbc<br />

b.j cb.dfhekbw lf<br />

cohfadfw abpbrehb cbf[kjdbcrty8<br />

cb.dfhekc thsb vf-<br />

[fcbfst,tkbw fmdc 2 tc fhbc<br />

vbxdtdf7 3vbot,t,f47 hfcfw ufvjbveifdt,c<br />

xdtyc jhufybpvib<br />

fhct,ekb JMCBNJWBYB8<br />

.dtkfc udfmdc fvbc htwtgnjht,b7<br />

bvfsfw rb7 dbcfw cb.dfhekbc<br />

fh c]thf lf hflufy<br />

udfmdc tc vtmfybpvb7 fvfc dthcfl<br />

ufdtmwtdbs8 hfw [lt,f ,eyt,fib7<br />

fv .dtkfathc frjynhjkt,c<br />

qvthsb8<br />

mfkcf lf vfvfrfwc ijhbc<br />

ctmcefkeh ehsbthsj,fc<br />

lblb vybidytkj,f fmdc7 itcf’kjf7<br />

dthw lfvbcf[tkjs mfkb7<br />

hjvtkbw ,jkjvlt lfhxf bv<br />

vfvfrfwsfy7 hjvtkvfw vfvfrfwj,f<br />

lfrfhuf8 hjltcfw mfkb<br />

lf vfvfrfwb j]f[c cb.dfhekbs<br />

mvybfy7 itvltu rb vfvfrfwb<br />

fqvjfxtyc7 hjv vbcb hxtekb<br />

,by’ehbf fy cbcntvfnehfl<br />

gbhblfy fvjclbc fhfcfcbfvjdyj<br />

ceyb7 [ibh itvs[dtdfib7<br />

vfvfrfwc wjkb c’eklt-<br />

,f8 hfnjv [lt,f fct7 cfl ufmhf<br />

cb.dfhekb0 cb.dfhekbs<br />

itmvybkb fhfthsb j]f[b lffyuhbf<br />

yfhrjvfybfv8 yfhrjvfy<br />

mvfhc mfkb ijhlt,f lf idbkt,cfw<br />

fhblt,c8 vfuhfv7 se<br />

o.dbkc ijhbc /fhvjybff7 ehsbthsj,fw<br />

kfult,f8 [IBH<br />

ITVS[DTDFIB7 BC VFVFRFWB<br />

FQOTDC OFHVFNT,FC7 HJVT-<br />

KBW E.DFHC VTEQKTC8 CB.-<br />

DFHEKBC UFVJDKBYT,BC<br />

ELBLTCB VODTHDFKBF LT-<br />

LFIDBKJ,F8 tc bc cbovbyltf7<br />

hfptw ptvjs vbufybiyts8<br />

qvthsb f,cjkenehb cb.dfhekbf7<br />

bc cekbovbylbc cfiefkt,bs<br />

xfbcf[f lf fhf mf-<br />

3UFVJLBC7 HJV<br />

CB.DFHEKBW BCTSBDT<br />

FEWBKT,TKB .JABKF<br />

JHUFYBPVBCSDBC7<br />

HJUJHW ;FYU,FLB7<br />

CFRDT,B FY O.FKB8<br />

NDBYBC FV PJYFC<br />

VTPJKBV,EHB PJYF<br />

TOJLT,F7 VLT,FHTJ,C<br />

SFDBC NDBYBC<br />

WTYNHFKEH YFOBKIB8884<br />

JSFH OBOBKFIDBKB5<br />

BC FLFVBFYT,B FHBFY<br />

,TLYBTHT,B LF WJW[KJ,TY<br />

LBL[FYC7 HJVKT,BW 'FKBFY<br />

E.DFHS SFDBFYS LTLT,C=<br />

kbcf lf vfvfrfwbc cmtcj,hbdb<br />

ehsbthsj,bc itltufl8<br />

LTLBC V[EHDFKT<br />

KJWDF QVTHSFVLT<br />

FLBC7 RDKTDBC ITLT-<br />

UFL LFLUBYLF7 HJV<br />

BC FLFVBFYT,B FHBFY<br />

,TLYBTHT,B LF WJW-<br />

[KJ,TY LBL[FYC7<br />

HJVKT,BW 'FKBFY<br />

E.DFHS SFDBFYS LT-<br />

wf bc lfvyfifdtf8 utytnbrehfl<br />

ltlfc eahj e.dfhc idbkb7<br />

dblht vfvfc8 ltlj,bcsdbc<br />

mfkb tvpflt,f7 hfcfw ufycfpqdhfdc<br />

vfcib fhct,ekb<br />

/jhvjyt,b lf tc vfxdtyt,tkb<br />

'fkbfy vfqfkbf8 [ibhbf itvs[dtdf7<br />

eidbkj mfkc idbkb<br />

itc’tybf c[dbcb ,fdidbc f.df-<br />

3XDTYC JHUFYBPVIB CB.DFHEKBC<br />

CF[TKBS VJMVTLT,TY UTYT,B8<br />

CB.DFHEKB FHBC TDJKEWBBC<br />

EYBRFKEHB HFV7 UFVHFDKT,BC<br />

VTMFYBPVB7 HJVTKBW BLTFKEHFL<br />

FFVEIFDF ,EYT,FV=4<br />

LT,C8 pjuflfl7 cb.dfhekb<br />

fvjewyj,b atyjvtybf7 hflufy<br />

ub.dfhc7 bvfc fh ybiyfdc7<br />

hjv ,jkjvlt itbwfyb8 vij,kt,c7<br />

ltlvfvbidbkt,c fy yfstcfdt,c<br />

ijhbc itb’kt,f jhpt<br />

vtnb dth bgjdjs thsbvtjhbc<br />

vj’ekt7 vfuhfv .jabk<br />

wjk-mvfhc7 [ibh itvs[dtdfib7<br />

c’eks thsvfytsb7 vnhfl oftrblt,bfy<br />

[jkvt7 [fylf[fy wb-<br />

[bcsdbcfw bvtnt,ty7 sevwf7<br />

vfs ijhbc ths lhjc lblb<br />

cb.dfhekb b.j8 hfw itt[t,f<br />

ltlfc lf idbkc7 ltlf idbkc<br />

dth ufbvtnt,c7 vfibyfw rb7 hj-<br />

ybc itvltu8 fm bvltyfl lblb<br />

b.j ltlj,bc bycnbymnb7 hjv<br />

3ltlbc ceyb4 vbbqj lf cfresfhb<br />

idbkb itt’byf8<br />

2 hf ufycfpqdhfdc cb.dfhekc<br />

2 flfvbfybc abpbrehb<br />

cbkfvfpt se vbcb cekbthb<br />

sdbct,t,b0<br />

E'HFDB MJYT,BC RJVGFYBF<br />

3,JYECB4<br />

www.bonusi.ge<br />

XDTY DT'T,S SMDTYC VFUBDHFL<br />

CFRJYNFMNJ<br />

NTKTAJYT,B5<br />

@!$-$%-%^9<br />

@#!-!_-!!9<br />

%*)-@*-@*-#)<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

2 vfvfrfwb gbhdtkfl .ehflqt,fc<br />

fmwtdc mfkbc ufhtuyek<br />

cbkfvfptc= byntktmncf<br />

lf ufyfskt,fpt .ehflqt-<br />

,bc vbmwtdf vjudbfyt,bs [lt-<br />

,f8 se dbyvtc cfobyffqvltuj<br />

vjcfpht,f fmdc7 vfiby drbs[fd7<br />

hfnjv fh cehc vfvfrfwc repbfy<br />

mfksfy ehsbthsj,f0<br />

bcbw [jv mfkbf lf itb’kt,f7<br />

cf[t fhfyfrkt, kfvfpb /mjyltc8<br />

vfvfrfwb .ehflqt,fc fmwtdc<br />

repc lf wlbkj,c7 fctssfy<br />

ehsbthsj,f fbwbkjc8<br />

hf smvf eylf7 byntktmncf lf<br />

reknehfc lblb vybidytkj-<br />

,f fmdc7 mfkb se kfvfpbf7 sfy<br />

qhvf cekbc7 fctsb mfkb bltfkehbf8<br />

abpbjkjubehfl<br />

thsvfytsbcufy ufyc[dfdlt,f<br />

it.dfht,ekb mfkbcf lf vfvfrfwbc<br />

jhufybpvbc vlujvfhtj,f8<br />

vfvfrfwib ,j,jmhj,c<br />

NTCNJCNTHJYB7 fmnbehlt-<br />

,f FYLHJUTYEHB /JHVJYB8<br />

vfvfrfwt,ib svbc wdtyfc cojhtl<br />

fv /jhvjybc cbzfh,t bodtdc7<br />

hfnjv cwdbdf svf vfbywlfvfbyw<br />

sfdpt0 bvbnjv7 hjv<br />

tc /jhvjyb ndbyib htfubht,c8<br />

vfvfrfwb hjltcfw [tlfdc<br />

cfcehdtk mfkc7 fv cehdbkc<br />

jhufybpvb ndbyfvlt<br />

fwjwt,c lf htfmwbfw bmblfy<br />

vjlbc8 fvbnjvfw vfvfrfwt,ib<br />

ufvtkjnt,bc ufyrehyt,f ufvjhbw[ekbf8<br />

se mfkcf lf vfvfrfwc<br />

thsvfytsb fh e.dfhs<br />

lf v[jkjl ctmcefkehb ehsbthsj,f<br />

fmds7 fv lhjc<br />

tythubf vfvfrfwblfy mfkbcrty<br />

vbtvfhst,f7 mfkb [lt,f tythubbc<br />

vbvsdbct,tkb lf vfvfrfwc<br />

f,cjkenehfl wfhbtkc<br />

njdt,c8 [jkj7 hjltcfw vfs<br />

ctmcefkeh rfdibhc cfae’dkfl<br />

eltdc cb.dfhekb7 fv<br />

lhjc mfkcf lf vfvfrfwc ijhbc<br />

tythubf yfobklt,f sfyf,hfl<br />

lf jhbdt uh’yj,c 'fkfc<br />

fv cb.dfhekbcufy8 hfw itt[t-<br />

,f rjwyfc 2 MFKCF LF VFVF-<br />

RFWC IJHBC OFHVJELUTYT-<br />

KBF CB.DFHEKBC UFVJ[FN-<br />

DF RJWYBC UFHTIT7 VFUHFV<br />

FH ITVB’KBF7 FH DSMDF7<br />

.DTKFPT ,BY’EHBF BC ,FM-<br />

NTHBT,B7 HJVKT,BW GBHBC<br />

QHEIB W[JDHJ,TY8 COJH<br />

YFOKFDCF LF REZIB FH FH-<br />

BC BVLTYB ,FMNTHBF7 HFV-<br />

LTYBW GBHBC QHEIB8 FVB-<br />

NJV .DTKF IT.DFHT,EK<br />

O.DBKC DEHXTD7 VFMCBVFKE-<br />

HFL BPHEYJY GBHBC QHEC<br />

/BUBTYFPT7 FQFHFATHC DFV-<br />

,J, C[TEKBCF LF CMTCJ,-<br />

HBDB W[JDHT,BC /BUBTYF-<br />

PT8<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

mtstdfy<br />

[fvbwfidbkb<br />

LFBYNTHTCT,EK<br />

GBHT,C ITE'KBFS<br />

LFERFDIBHLYTY<br />

JSFH<br />

OBOBKFIDBKC<br />

NTKTAJYT,PT5<br />

@!$-@^-*#7<br />

@%$-%(-%#7<br />

%))-%#-#@-__


s,bkbcbc vthbc bybwbfnbdbs7<br />

'kbthb .bydt,bc ufvj ecf[krfhj<br />

flfvbfysfsdbc qfvbcufcfstdb<br />

wtynht,b ufb[cyf7 sevwf7 fhfdby<br />

bwbc7 cflfvlt ufcnfyc fv<br />

wtynht,bc aeymwbjybht,f8<br />

vfuhfv bc rb wyj,bkbf7 hjv<br />

vstkb cfmfhsdtkjc vfcinf,bs<br />

ecf[krfhj ,fdidt,c cfvelfvjl<br />

lfertntc sfditcfafhb7<br />

mexbcsdbc ufbvtntc lf vfs<br />

cbwjw[ktcf lf vjvfdfkc lblb<br />

rbs[dbc ybifyb lfecdtc8<br />

udtcfe,ht,f .jabkb 3vjvfdkbc<br />

cf[kbc4 vpheydtksf cf,zjc<br />

.jabkb sfdv]ljvfht7<br />

ghjatcjhb yfyb<br />

zfybidbkb7 hjvtkbw<br />

vsfdhj,bc otdht,c cs[jdc7<br />

cfpjufljt,fc vfufkbsb vbcwty7<br />

vfs vbth mexfib uf.hbkb<br />

,fdidt,b cfresfh cf[kt,ib<br />

fqpfhljy lf gbhjdyt,t,fl<br />

xfvjf.fkb,jy5<br />

2 3vjvfdkbc cf[kb4 aeymwbjybht,lf<br />

!$ okbc ufyvfdkj,fib8 vt lf xtvvf<br />

rjktut,vf mexfib e.ehflqt,jl vbnjdt,ek<br />

,fdidt,c sfditcfafhb lf yjhvfkehb<br />

rdt,bc7 ufyfskt,bcf se cfvtlbwbyj<br />

vjvcf[eht,bc cfiefkt,f vbdtwbs7<br />

itdemvtybs thsb lblb j]f[b7 vjdf[lbyts<br />

vfsb htf,bkbnfwbf8 vhfdfkb vfsufyb<br />

qfvbs ifhlc dth brfdt,lf7 vjde[ctybs<br />

acbmjkjubehb cnhtcb8 bcbyb b.dyty<br />

'fkflj,bc vc[dthgkyb7 ceysmfdlyty<br />

ot,jc7 [ibhb b.j ufegfnbeht,bc itvs[dtdt,bw8<br />

pjuc vij,tkbw /.fdlf7 vfuhfv<br />

vfcsfy fh lftlujvt,jlf8 tc ,fdidt,b<br />

b.dyty lfewdtkyb7 ufvdktkt,b f’ktdlyty<br />

@_ stshc lf cfpjufljt,f<br />

fvbs ghj,ktvfc b[cyblf8 fcts ,fdidt,c<br />

at[pt ofvjlujvfib lfdt[vfhts7 vhfdfkb<br />

otkb fv cfmvtc itdobhts lf f[kf<br />

thsb [tkbc vjcvbs lf[ehtc sfditcfaht,b7<br />

bctd mexfib uf.fhtc fvltyb ,fdidb8<br />

2 cfl fafht,ty sfdc mexfib uf.hbkb<br />

,fdidt,b0<br />

2 dbsjv tc ,fdidt,b j]f[t,ib uflffyfobktc<br />

lf sbsjtek ,fdidpt $%_ kfhb<br />

ufvj.dtc8 vfuhfv aekb fqfh vbcwtc<br />

bv j]f[t,c7 hjvkt,vfw tc ,fdidt,b itbafhtc8<br />

evhfdktcj,f7 hf smvf eylf7 bctd<br />

mexfib fqvjxylf8 pjubthsc dbsjv $<br />

sdbc ufyvfdkj,fib %__ kfhbc uflf[lfc<br />

lf/gbhlyty8 ,fdidt,c czbhlt,fs ptlfv-<br />

[tldtkj,f7 hfvlty [fyc vjf[th[t,ty fct<br />

w[jdht,fc0 ,jkj ,fdidb7 dbyw 3vjvfdkbc<br />

cf[kblfy4 uffultc7 v'bvt fdflv.jab<br />

dfybf ytatljdb b.j7 hjvtkbw f[kf<br />

leitsbc ,fdidsf cf[kib bv.jat,f8<br />

ghjatcjhvf vfyfyf ;dfybfv tc ,fdidb cfv-<br />

]th uflffhxbyf cbrdlbkc7 f[kf rb bc<br />

ufyobhekbf8


36<br />

CFE,HT,B FCNHJKJUSFY<br />

@* ST,THDFKB-$VFHNBC FCNHJKJUBEHB GHJUYJPB<br />

DTH"B +@!8_#-@_8_$` itcf’kjf7 gjkbnbrfcsfy7<br />

abyfyct,sfy7 cf[tkvobaj<br />

cnhemneht,sfy lfrfdibht,ek htajhvt,ib<br />

vjyfobktj,f vjubobjs8 ufhitvjv.jasfsdbc<br />

ufycfresht,bs vbvpbldtkb bmyt-<br />

,bs8 itcf’kjf7 f[fkb cb.dfhekb utodbjs8<br />

vjupfehj,f lfvqktkb fqvjxylt,f8 twflts7<br />

fh uflfbndbhsjs7 [ibhfl lfbcdtyts8<br />

REHJ +@!8_$-@_8_%` tc rdbhf lblb<br />

xfyfabmhbc [jhwitc[vbcf lf f[fkb<br />

cfmvbfyj,bc lfo.t,bc gthbjlbf8 uflfo.dtnbkt,t,bc<br />

vbqt,bcfc lbl[fyc ye b.j.vfyt,s8<br />

cfcb.dfhekj gfhnybjhbc vbvfhs<br />

smdtyb lfvjrblt,ekt,f itbwdkt,f8 itcf’kjf7<br />

’dtkbc lfyuhtdf lf f[fkb rfdibhbc<br />

lfv.fht,f vjubylts8<br />

N.EGB +@!8_%-@@8_^` j]f[cf se cfvcf[ehib<br />

c[dbc fphc gfnbdb twbs8 fvbs<br />

ecbfvjdyt,t,cf lf acbmjkjubeh rhbpbcc<br />

fbwbkt,s8 itcf’kjf7 idbkt,bc fy cf.dfhtkb<br />

flfvbfybc ghj,ktvfv ufhrdtekb vbpybc<br />

vbqotdfib [tkb itubifkjs8 ew[jtkt,sfy<br />

rjynfmnb vbybvevfvlt itfvwbhts8 smdtyb<br />

lfmdtbst,ekb tythutnbrf7 itcf’kjf7<br />

ufwbt,bc vbptpb uf[ltc8<br />

RBHX{BEKB +@_8_!-!(8_@` c[dt,bc ufrbkdf-rhbnbrfc<br />

vjthblts8 f[fk cfvcf[ehib<br />

ofhvfnt,f lfvjrblt,ekb bmyt,f<br />

bvfpt7 se hfvltyfl vjbcehdt,s wjlybc<br />

ufqhvfdt,fc lf vbc ghfmnbrekfl ufvj.tyt,fc8<br />

rfhub gthbjlbf mjhobyt,bcsdbc7<br />

sevwf7 fv rfdibhc eahj cfmvbfyb [fcbfsb<br />

tmyt,f7 dblht hjvfynbrekb8<br />

STDPT,B +!)8_@-@_8_#` cfcbwjw[kj<br />

tythubbc vjpqdfdt,fc buh’yj,s8<br />

smdty fy smdtyc VBCFVFHST,B<br />

vtuj,fhc itcf’kjf7 rhbnbrek<br />

vjdktyt,sfy UFLVJBNFYT<br />

/mjyltc it[t,f7 hfw<br />

hflbrfkehfl itubwdkbs w[jdht,bctek<br />

it[tlekt,t,c8 JS[B it.dfht,eksfy YJVHBC uekf[lbkb<br />

cfe,fhb lfut[vfht,fs OBYBLFY fphsf lfkfut-<br />

,fib8 [fyvjrkt vjupfehj,f7 cfdfhfeljl7<br />

cfmvbfyb bmyt,f8<br />

LHFRJYBC 00000 OTKBOFLB<br />

LF N.EGB<br />

2 okbc ufyvfdkj,fib hjlbc vfhst,c flfvbfy-n.egc cbnefwbbc vidblfl uffpht,f0 hjlbc<br />

fhbc abyfycehb lfyfrfhubc fy aekbc cbzfh,bc vfqfkb fk,fsj,f0 hjlbc tkjlt,f f[fk<br />

cb.dfheksfy it[dtlhf fylf hsekb ufhlfvnt[b gthbjlb0 hf fhbc cfcfhut,kj vbcb<br />

]fyvhstkj,bcfsdbc0<br />

fv cfrbs[t,pt fcnhjkjub vb[tbk wfufhtkb udtcfe,ht,f8<br />

2 ,fnjyj vb[tbk7 lhfrjybc otkboflib<br />

hf hxtdt,b eylf ufbsdfkbcobyjy n.egbc<br />

ybiybs lf,flt,ekt,vf0<br />

2 n.egbc +@%8_%-@!8_^‘ ybiybs lf,flt-<br />

,ekc vstkb okbc ufyvfdkj,fib sfdbcb cfcbrtsj<br />

sdbct,t,bc5 fmnbehj,bc7 rjveybrf,tkehj,bc7<br />

ujyt,fvf[dbkj,bcf lf bevjhbc ufvjdktyf<br />

vfhst,c8<br />

VTUJ,HT,B8 otkc smdtyb lf[vfht,f vtuj,-<br />

VBVLBYFHT<br />

RDBHBC<br />

UTJVFUYBNEHB<br />

LQTT,BF5<br />

@) ST,THDFKB7<br />

!7 @ VFHNB<br />

ht,c eahj lfczbhlt,fs7 dblht smdty 2 vfsb7<br />

ufycfresht,bs bdkbccf lf yjtv,thib8<br />

sevwf7 okbc lfcfo.bcblfy ctmntv,hfvlt bcbybw<br />

cbfvjdyt,bs lfut[vfht,bfy vybidytkjdfyb<br />

gbhflb cfrbs[bc uflfo.dtnbcfc +vfufkbsfl7<br />

vteqktcsfy rjyakbmnbcfc ithbut,bc<br />

sdfkcfphbcbs‘ fylf ufhtuyekb bthbc itwdkbc<br />

itvs[dtdfib8 OKBC GBHDTK YF[TDFHIB<br />

VTUJ,HT,SFY BYNTYCBEHB RJYNFMNT,BF<br />

VJCFKJLYTKB8 SMDTYC IJHBC UFEUT,-<br />

HJ,F RB7 ITCF’KJF7 FGHBKBC IEF HBW[-<br />

DT,IB VJ[LTC8 FV GTHBJLIB TWFLTS7 TVJ-<br />

WBT,B FRJYNHJKJS LF CEKCOHFAJ,F<br />

FH UFVJFDKBYJS8 cbnefwbfib vidblfl ufthrdbts<br />

lf .jdtkbdt rfhufl ufbfphts8 se fv<br />

hxtdt,c ufbsdfkbcobyt,s7 .dtkfathb cohfafl<br />

vjudfhlt,f8<br />

J]F[B8 okbc gbhdtk yf[tdfhib cfj]f[j cfmvt<br />

,tdh tythubfc vjus[jds8 ufbsdfkbcobyts7<br />

hjv PJUBTHSB O.DBKBC W[JDHT,FIB VFH-<br />

NB LF FGHBKB ITCF’KJF7 UFHLFVNT[B FQ-<br />

VJXYLTC LF LHFVFNEKB CBNEFWBT,BS FQ-<br />

CFDCT B.JC8 fvudfh dbsfht,fc7 cfcehdtkbf7<br />

ptlvtnb tvjwbt,bc ufhtit vbeluts8 xfsdfkts7<br />

hjv smdtyb cfj]f[j ehsbthsj,bc thsudfhb<br />

3utythfkehb ovtylf4 vbvlbyfhtj,c8 ufhlf fvbcf7<br />

* jmnjv,thb 2 !( yjtv,hbc iefktlib7<br />

itcf’kjf7 vjutxdtyjs7 hjv vteqkt fenfykfl<br />

bmwtdf8 ubhxtds7 vfc hfbvt cfgfce[bcvut,kj<br />

cfmvt lffrbchjs7 hfsf lfuhjdbkb tythubf ytufnbehb<br />

res[bs fh lf[fh]jc8 idbkt,sfy<br />

smdtyc ehsbthsj,fc hfw itt[t,f7 fm pfvshbc<br />

ufeut,hj,t,bc itvltu smdtyc ijhbc chekb<br />

ehsbthsufut,f lf blbkbf lfbcflueht,c8<br />

CB.DFHEKB8 okbc lfcfo.bcib cfblevkj<br />

rfdibhb smdtyc ituh’yt,t,c vtnfl uffvf[dbkt,c8<br />

sevwf7 cftzdjf7 hjv tc ehsbthsj,f<br />

cfcbrtsjl lfchekltc8 cfcb.dfhekj gfhnybjhsfy<br />

rb7 okbc lfcfo.bcblfy jmnjv,hfvlt<br />

itcf’kt,tkb bmyt,f ehsbthsj,bc ufqhvfdt,f7<br />

sevwf7 fvbc vbe[tlfdfl7 smdtyb ehsbthsj,bc<br />

vluhflj,fpt fhfthsb ufvjwlbc xf-<br />

,fht,f vjubotds7 hbc itvltufw cf,jkjj uflfo.dtnbkt,fc<br />

vbbqt,s8 ufhlf fvbcf7 f[fkb<br />

uh’yj,f smdtyib batsmt,c5 vfhnib7 bdybcib7<br />

bdkbccf lf yjtv,thib8 cfcb.dfhekj hjvfyb<br />

utkbs ahbfl hjvfynbrekb yfnehbc flfvbfysfy7<br />

hjvtkbw [tkjdyt,bs fy abkjcjabbs<br />

bmyt,f ufnfwt,ekb fylf itcf’kjf7 /mjyltc<br />

vfqfkb cjwbfkehb cnfnecb lf cjkblehb<br />

w[jdht,bctekb ufvjwlbkt,f8 ehsbthsj,bc<br />

jabwbfkehb ufajhvt,bcfsdbc cfcbrtsj<br />

gthbjlb bmyt,f okbc lfcfo.bcblfy<br />

!_ vfhnfvlt lf % bdybcblfy !@ yjtv,hfvlt8<br />

uf[cjdlts7 hjv VFHNJJ,BCFRTY VBLHTRB-<br />

KT,BC VBE[TLFDFL7 OTKC VFHNJJ,F UTR-<br />

H’FKT,FS8 se velvbdb cfcb.dfhekj gfhnybjhb<br />

fhf u.fds7 vfiby cfcehdtkbf7 cfobyffqvltuj<br />

cmtcbc yfwyj,-vtuj,ht,sfy vtnb lhj<br />

uffnfhjs8<br />

RFHBTHF7 ABYFYCT,B8 itcf’kjf7 pfa[ekib<br />

smdtyc [tkib lfvfnt,bsb aekflb cf[cht,b<br />

fqvjxyltc8 yfstcfdt,b bdybccf lf bdkbcib<br />

lfut[vfht,bfy7 [jkj smdtyc vteqktc 2<br />

fudbcnjib8 ubhxtds7 FUDBCNJC 6 YF[TDFHIB<br />

AEKBC CTC[T,F-UFCTC[T,FC VJTHBLTS7 VB-<br />

E[TLFDFL BVBCF7 HJV FV GTHBJLIB CFVCF-<br />

[EHIB LFVFNT,BSB CF[CHT,BC VJ’BT,BC IT-<br />

CF’KT,KJ,F UTMYT,FS8 fudbcnjc vboehekblfy<br />

okbc ,jkjvlt cfvcf[ehib wdkbkt-<br />

,t,bf vjcfkjlytkb7 hbc ufvjw dfklt,ekt-<br />

,t,b vjutvfnt,fs8 fv gthbjlib7 ubhxtds7 ghj,ktvt,c<br />

ye uftmwtdbs7 sjhtv ecbfvjdyt,t,b lf<br />

rjyakbmnt,b fh fuwlt,fs8 JMNJV,HBLFY<br />

OKBC ,JKJVLT RFHBTHEKB OBYCDKF UT-<br />

KBS8 UFPFA[EKBLFY FCTDT OKBC ,JKJV-<br />

LT VFQFKB BMYT,F ABYFYCEHB LFYFRFHUT-<br />

,BC FK,FSJ,F8 fvudfhb7 ajhcvf;jhekb cbnefwbbc<br />

ufvj7 fhwse welb fphbf ]fyvhstkj,bcf<br />

lf mjyt,bc lfpqdtdf8 uf[cjdlts7 aekbc<br />

bjkfl ijdybc wleyt,fc7 hjvtkbw okbc<br />

ufyvfdkj,fib gthbjlekfl sfdc bxtyc7 ye<br />

f/.dt,bs8<br />

]FYVHSTKJ,F5 okbc lfcfo.bcblfy ctmntv-<br />

,hfvlt itcf’kjf7 tzdt,b lf ibit,b lfuteakjs7<br />

fvbnjv ACBMBRFC YE UFLFBNDBHSFDS7<br />

WELPT YE BABMHT,S8 vtnb bvj’hfdts7 fmnbehfl<br />

lf cfbynthtcjl lfbcdtyts8 vtnfl cfcfhut,kjf5<br />

,fdidt,sfy sfvfib7 ceasf /fthpt<br />

ctbhyj,f7 vjupfehj,f7 [tkjdyt,bc afhsj<br />

@* ST,THDFKB7 JHIF,FSB<br />

vpt bv.jat,f stdpt,bc pjlbfmjib8 fvjlbc _^8$_<br />

cffspt7 xflbc !*8$^ cffspt8 vsdfht rehjc pjlbfmjibf8<br />

fvjlbc _(8%! cffspt7 xflbc @#8@* cffspt<br />

+vsdfhbc vt-* lqt bo.t,f !_8$% cffspt8 6 afpf‘8<br />

ntyltywbt,b5 lqtc wleyt,t,c ye f/.dt,bs8 lqtc<br />

itvjsfdfpt,ekb obyflflt,f hfw eahj vfwleyt,tkb<br />

bmyt,f7 vbs eahj vtnb cbhsektt,b lferfdibhlt,f<br />

vbc htfkbpfwbfc8 vfqfkb sfyfvlt,j-<br />

,bc lfrfdt,bc itvjsfdfpt,bcufy sfdb itbrfdts7 sjhtv<br />

ecbfvjdyt,t,b fh fuwlt,fs7 ufhbcrdfc vjthblts8<br />

rfhub lqtf f[fkb cfmvbc lfcfo.t,fl7 abyfycehb<br />

cfrbs[bc uflfcfo.dtnfl7 e’hfdb mjyt,bc .bldfuf.bldbcsdbc8<br />

]fyvhstkj,f5 lfcecnt,ekbf .tkb7<br />

tyljrhbyekb cbcntvf7 cojhb yfokfdb8 mdt,b5 vfkfmbnb7<br />

fmfnb7 bfcgb7 pehve[nb7 jybmcb8 gjpbnbehb<br />

lqtf5 rehjcsdbc7 rbhx[b,bcsdbc8 ytufnbehbf8<br />

kjvbcsdbc7 cfcojhbcsdbc8<br />

@( ST,THDFKB7 CFVIF,FSB<br />

vpt bv.jat,f stdpt,bc pjlbfmjib8 fvjlbc _^8#(<br />

cffspt7 xflbc !*8$( cffspt8 vsdfht rehjc pjlbfmjibf8<br />

fvjlbc _)8@^ cffspt7 xflbc @#8%) cffspt<br />

+vsdfhbc vt-( lqt bo.t,f !!8!_ cffspt8 6 afpf‘8<br />

vbvfhsekt,flfrfhuekb vsdfhbc gthbjlbf<br />

@#8$* cffsblfy _!8__ cffsfvlt8 ntyltywbt,b5 itcf’kt,tkbf<br />

bv ghj,ktvbc uflfo.dtnf7 hjvtkbw<br />

@_!! okbc ltrtv,hbc ief hbw[dt,ib ufqtkdt,lfs7<br />

cf,jkjj itltuc rb bdybcbc lfcfo.bcib vbbqt,s8<br />

rfhub lqtf5 mjhobyt,bcsdbc7 e’hfdb mjyt,bc lf<br />

cfvityt,kj vfcfkbc itcf’tyfl8 cekcohfaj,fc vjthblts8<br />

uflfo.dtnbkt,bc vbqt,fvlt .dtkfathb<br />

fojy-lfojyts8 ]fyvhstkj,f5 lfcecnt,ekbf .tkb7<br />

tyljrhbyekb cbcntvf8 mdt,b5 fmfnb7 vfhufkbnb7<br />

fvtsdbcnj7 pehve[nb8 gjpbnbehb lqtf5<br />

mfkoekbcsdbc7 qhbfyrfkbcsdbc7 s[bc hmbcsdbc7<br />

stdpt,bcsdbc8 ytufnbehbf5 dth’bcsdbc7 n.egbcsdbc7<br />

vidbkljcybcsdbc7 vtho.ekbcsdbc8<br />

@) ST,THDFKB7 JS[IF,FSB<br />

vpt stdpt,bc pjlbfmjibf8 fvjlbc _^8#^ cffspt7<br />

xflbc !*8$) cffspt8 vsdfht uflfbyfwdkt,c<br />

+_(8@^‘ n.egbc pjlbfmjib8 fvjlbc !_8_% cffspt7<br />

xflbc ! vfhnc __8@$ cffspt +vsdfhbc vt-) lqt<br />

bo.t,f !!8$# cffspt8 6 afpf‘8 vbvfhsekt,flfrfhuekb<br />

vsdfhbc gthbjlbf __8__ cffsblfy<br />

_(9@( cffsfvlt8 utjvfuybnehb lqtf8 ntyltywbt,b5<br />

vfqfkbf wleyt,bc7 bkepbbc fk,fsj,f8 ztivfhbnt,bc<br />

cbwhebcufy ufhxtdf hsekbf8 f[fk cfmvtc<br />

ye lfbo.t,s8 rfhufl ufvjb’byts8 fpht,b lf<br />

cehdbkt,b frjynhjkts8 itcf’kt,tkbf5 [tkitrhekt,bc<br />

lflt,f7 cfdfzhj ufhbut,f8 ]fyvhstkj-<br />

,f5 lfcecnt,ekbf abkndt,b7 v[ht,b7 [tkt,b8 mdt-<br />

,b5 njgfpb7 cfhljybmcb7 obstkb bfcgb7 cfabhjyb8<br />

gjpbnbehb lqtf5 kjvbcsdbc7 cfcojhbcsdbc8<br />

ytufnbehbf5 rehjcsdbc7 stdpt,bcsdbc8<br />

! VFHNB7 [ESIF,FSB<br />

vpt bv.jat,f stdpt,bc pjlbfmjib8 fvjlbc _^8#$<br />

cffspt7 xflbc !*8%_ cffspt8 vsdfht n.egbc pjlbfmjibf8<br />

fvjlbc !_8%_ cffspt7 xflbc @ vfhnc<br />

_!8!( cffspt +vsdfhbc vt-!_ lqt bo.t,f !@8@$ cffspt8<br />

vt-@ afpf bo.t,f _^8@# cffspt8‘8 utjvfuybnehb<br />

lqtf8 ntyltywbt,b5 blevfkb afmnjht,b<br />

lbl ptufdktyfc f[ltyty vbvlbyfht vjdktyt,pt8<br />

abyfycehb cfrbs[t,bc uflfo.dtnbcfc cbahs[bkt<br />

@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

@@ ST,THDFKB 2<br />

F[FKVSDFHTJ,F7<br />

( VFHNB<br />

CFDCTVSDFHTJ,F8<br />

cgtmnhsfy ehsbthsj,f8 jmnjv,hbc lfcfo.bcblfy<br />

]fyvhstkj,fc ufycfresht,bs ufeahs[bklbs8<br />

htrjvtylt,ekbf7 obyfcofh7<br />

ghjabkfmnbrbc vbpybs tmbvsfy rjyceknfwbf<br />

lf7 cfzbhjt,bc itvs[dtdfib ufhrdtekb<br />

ghjwtleht,bc xfnfht,f8 ufhlf fvbcf7 !^ VF-<br />

BCBLFY @( BDYBCBC XFSDKBS LF !@ CTM-<br />

NTV,HBLFY OKBC ,JKJVLT LFBWFDBS<br />

RDT,BC HT;BVB LF UFYCFRESHT,EKB .E-<br />

HFLQT,F VBFMWBTS CFRDT,BC [FHBC[C8<br />

he,hbrfc e’qdt,f<br />

vfhbyt vthrdbkf't<br />

HFC EHXTDC FCNHJKJUB VB[TBK WFUFHTKB<br />

PJLBFMJC SJHVTNBDT YBIYBS LF,FLT,EKT,C0<br />

uvfhst,s8 ehsbthsj,bcfc sfdlfzthf ufvjfdkbyts8<br />

rfhub lqtf5 rjynfmnt,bcsdbc7 mjhobyt,bcsdbc7<br />

e’hfdb mjyt,bc .bldf-uf.bldbcsdbc7 vjkfgfhfrt,t,bcsdbc8<br />

]fyvhstkj,f5 lfcecnt,ekbf<br />

abkndt,b7 v[ht,b7 [tkt,b8 mdt,b5 njgfpb7<br />

frdfvfhbyb7 wbhrjyb7 cthljkbrb8 gjpbnbehb<br />

lqtf5 dth’bcsdbc7 n.egbcsdbc8 ytufnbehbf5<br />

qhbfyrfkbcsdbc7 s[bc hmbcsdbc8<br />

@ VFHNB7 GFHFCRTDB<br />

vpt stdpt,bc pjlbfmjibf8 fvjlbc _^8## cffspt7<br />

xflbc !*8%@ cffspt8 vsdfht uflfbyfwdkt,c<br />

+@_8_)‘ rbhx[b,bc pjlbfmjib8 fvjlbc !!8$!<br />

cffspt7 xflbc # vfhnc _@8_) cffspt +vsdfhbc<br />

vt-!! lqt bo.t,f !#8!^ cffspt8 vt-@ afpf‘8 vbvfhsekt,flfrfhuekb<br />

vsdfhbc gthbjlbf<br />

!(8!% cffsblfy @_8_) cffsfvlt8 utjvfuybnehb<br />

lqtf8 ntyltywbt,b5 tvjwbt,b frjynhjkts8<br />

.jdtkb cbn.df fojy-lfojyts8 cfv.fhj<br />

ifycc uf’ktds7 smdtysdbc cfcbrtsjl itwdfkjs<br />

bc dbsfht,f se cfmvt7 hjvtkvfw @_!! okbc ltrtv,thib<br />

uekb ufnrbyfs8 [tkb itto.j,f5 rjynfmnt,c7<br />

byajhvfwbbc ufwdkfc8 ]fyvhstkj,f5<br />

lfcecnt,ekbf cfceysmb cbcntvf7 rezb8 mdt,b5<br />

njgfpb7 mfhdf7 frdfvfhbyb7 bfcgb8 gjpbnbehb<br />

lqtf5 vidbkljcybcsdbc7 vtho.ekbcsdbc8 ytufnbehbf5<br />

rbhx[b,bcsdbc7 mfkoekbcsdbc8<br />

# VFHNB7 IF,FSB<br />

vpt bv.jat,f stdpt,bc pjlbfmjib8 fvjlbc<br />

_^8#@ cffspt7 xflbc !*8%# cffspt8 vsdfht bv-<br />

.jat,f rbhx[b,bc pjlbfmjib8 fvjlbc !@8#) cffspt7<br />

xflbc $ vfhnc _@8%^ cffspt +vsdfhbc vt-<br />

!@ lqt bo.t,f !$8!( cffspt8 vt-@ afpf‘8 ntyltywbt,b5<br />

lqtc cfmvbfyj,bcfc [fhbc[c vtnb .ehflqt,f<br />

vbfmwbts7 dblht hfjltyj,fc8 rfhub<br />

lqtf rjynfmnt,bcsdbc7 gftvyt,bcsdbc8 ujyt,bc<br />

vvfhsdtkb gkfytnf vthrehbc uflfyfwdkt,f dth-<br />

’bc pjlbfmjib uff’kbtht,c5 ujyt,fvf[dbkj,fc7<br />

gfnbdvj.dfhtj,fc7 rjveybrf,tkj,fc lf fctdt5<br />

cekcohfaj,fc7 e.fbhfsj,fc7 tujbpvc8 ujyt,f<br />

eahj kjubrehb lf fvfdlhjekfl rhbnbrekb7<br />

bhjybekb uf[lt,f8 ]fyvhstkj,f5 lfcecnt,ekbf<br />

rezb7 vrthlb7 yfqdkbc ,einb7 qdb’kb8<br />

mdt,b5 pehve[nb7 fmfnb7 jgfkb7 ubithb7 .dbstkb<br />

bfcgb8 gjpbnbehb lqtf5 s[bc hmbcsdbc7<br />

stdpt,bcsdbc8 ytufnbehbf5 dth’bcsdbc7 n.egbcsdbc7<br />

kjvbcsdbc7 cfcojhbcsdbc8<br />

$ VFHNB7 RDBHF<br />

vpt bv.jat,f stdpt,bc pjlbfmjib8 fvjlbc<br />

_^8#_ cffspt7 xflbc !*8%$ cffspt8 vsdfht rbhx[b,bc<br />

pjlbfmjibf8 fvjlbc !#8$! cffspt7 xflbc<br />

% vfhnc _#8#) cffspt +vsdfhbc vt-!# lqt<br />

bo.t,f !%8#_ cffspt8 vt-@ afpf‘8 ntyltywbt,b5<br />

lqtc vjdktyt,bc ufyvtjht,f vfybiyt,tkbf bvbcf7<br />

hjv smdtyb ufydbsfht,f itath[lf8 tvjwbt-<br />

,b frjynhjkts8 fuhtcbf lfbjrts8 ’dbhflqbht,ek<br />

ybdst,c ye itb’tys8 [tkb itto.j,f sdbsitvtwyt,fc7<br />

dfzhj,fc8 fh fhbc cfcehdtkb5 mjhobyt,f7<br />

,bybc itwdkf8 ]fyvhstkj,f5 lfcecnt-<br />

,ekbf rezb7 vrthlb7 yfqdkbc ,einb7 qdb’kb8<br />

mdt,b5 pehve[nb7 vodfyt bfcgb7 jgfkb7 vfh]fyb7<br />

fmfnb8 gjpbnbehb lqtf5 rehjcsdbc7 rbhx[b-<br />

,bcsdbc7 mfkoekbcsdbc7 qhbfyrfkbcsdbc8 ytufnbehbf5<br />

vidbkljcybcsdbc7 vtho.ekbcsdbc8


mdt.fyfib vbvlbyfht<br />

vjdktyt,pt<br />

dtcfe,ht,bs<br />

rbyjht;bcjh ujuf<br />

[fbylhfdfc5<br />

2 ’fkbfy udbylf7 hjv .dtkfathb<br />

cohfafl vj[ltc7 vfuhfv<br />

.dtkfathc sfdbcb lhj<br />

fmdc8 thsb sdbc at[v’bvt w[hf<br />

mfkb thsfl hjv itdrhb,js7<br />

,fdidb fh lfb,flt,f8 hdf otkbf7<br />

fv ,jhjnt,fc de.eht,s7<br />

hjvtkcfw pehuc eahj lblb7<br />

cfthsfijhbcj ,jhjnt-<br />

,f evfuht,c7 hjvkbcsdbcfw<br />

v[jkjl cfresfhb bynthtct-<br />

,bf vybidytkjdfyb8 hjujhb<br />

vjkjlbybw fh eylf ufxtybkb.j<br />

cfv sdtib7 fv ,jhjnt-<br />

,bc vjijht,fc lhj eylf888<br />

xdtyb vcjakv[tldtkj,bcf lf<br />

gjkbnbrehb jhbtynfwbbc<br />

vbe[tlfdfl7 thsj,ff fewbkt-<br />

,tkb7 hfsf cffrfidbkbc ht-<br />

;bvb htfkehfl uflfdnt[js<br />

lf ufvfh]dt,ekt,b ufvjdblts<br />

fv ,h’jkblfy= fhw vt dfh<br />

3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4 gjkbnbrehb<br />

rjfkbwbbc otdhb lf bv<br />

[fk[bcfw vtcvbc7 hjvkt,bw<br />

ufhrdtekb ibibs e.eht,ty<br />

ghjwtct,c7 vfuhfv tc ibib eylf<br />

lfdfvfhw[js= VT CFPJUF-<br />

LJT,BC PECNFL BV YFOBK-<br />

IB VJDBFPHT, CFRESFH<br />

SFDC7 HJVTKCFW FHFYFBHB<br />

GJKBNBREHB FV,BWBT,B<br />

FH UFFXYBF8 XTVB THSFLTH-<br />

SB VBPFYB [TKBCEAKT,B-<br />

LFY FV IBPJAHTYBRBC VJ-<br />

IJHT,FF=<br />

2 rdbhbc vsfdfh vjdktyfl<br />

3mfhsekb jwyt,bc4 gjkbnbrehb<br />

rjfkbwbbc itmvyf<br />

bmwf7 [jkj rdbhbc ufyw[flt,fl<br />

2 sfdfl ,b’byf bdfybidbkbc<br />

ufyw[flt,f8 rjfkbwbfib<br />

itvfdfkb yt,bcvbthb<br />

ce,btmnbc rhbnbrfc bdfybidbkb<br />

rjfkbwbbc rhbnbrfl<br />

fqbmdfvc888<br />

2 tc j]f[bc ghbywbgbf= yt-<br />

,bcvbthb xdtyufybc j]f[ibfw<br />

fct fhff0 .dtkf thsyfbhb<br />

j]f[ibw fh fhbc7 pjub ertstcbf7<br />

pjub 2 efhtcb7 vfuhfv<br />

yt,bcvbthb vfsufybc rhbnbrfc<br />

j]f[bc rhbnbrfl fqdbmdfvs8<br />

fh fhbc fct0 ,eyt,hbdbf7<br />

vcufdcb nbgbc rjfkbwbt,ib<br />

ite’kt,tkbf .dtkf ce-<br />

,btmnbc sfyfafhlj,f7 vfuhfv<br />

j]f[bc ghbywbgt,blfy ufvjvlbyfht7<br />

vt e.j.vfyjl dbpbfht,<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkbc lfvjrblt,ekt,fc<br />

fv cfrbs[bc vbvfhs8<br />

lbf[7 hjwf vbpfyb cfcbwjw[kj<br />

vybidytkj,bcff7<br />

mfhsdtkt,c bvbc ujybtht,fw<br />

eylf udt.jc7 hjv ehsbthsmbigb<br />

lf ehsbthsufenfykj,f<br />

eredfuljs= [ibhfl cf-<br />

[tkvobaj bynthtct,pt vfqkf<br />

gbhfl bynthtct,c df.tyt,s<br />

lf fvbnjvfw fhbc7 lqtvlt<br />

hjv dth lfluf tc mdt.fyf<br />

at[pt= lfdfvsfdhjs vsfdfhb<br />

cfmvt7 vjdbijhjs tc rhbvbyfkehb<br />

[tkbceakt,f lf vtht<br />

ufdfhrdbjs thsvfytsib<br />

vn.efy-vfhsfkb=<br />

2 smdty cfrvfhbcb ufvjwlbkt,fw<br />

ufmds7 mfhsek<br />

jgjpbwbeh cgtmnhsfy thsfl<br />

fhfths cfghjntcnj fmwbfibw<br />

vbubqbfs vjyfobktj,f8<br />

thsj,fpt cfe,hj,s7<br />

vfuhfv fmdt sfdfl bdfybidbkbc<br />

yfsmdfvc ituf[ctyt,s7<br />

hjltcfw [tkbceakt,fcsfy<br />

fkbfycib gbhlfgbh lfclj<br />

,hfkb ktb,jhbcnt,c7<br />

3f[fk vtvfh]dtytt,c4 lf bhfrkb<br />

jmhefidbkbc 3mfhsek<br />

gfhnbfc4888 smdtyb gbhlfgbhj,fw<br />

.dtkfcsdbc fhbc wyj-<br />

,bkb lf vfbynthtct,c7<br />

tsfy[vt,bs se fhf ,fnjyb<br />

,b’byfc lfvjrblt,ekt,fc<br />

ptvjxfvjsdkbkb gjkbnbrehb<br />

’fkt,bc vbvfhs0<br />

2 lf7 thsflthsvf7 bhfrkb<br />

jmhefidbkvf hjv smdf 2 levbkc<br />

dbyfhxeyt,j7 [jv0<br />

2 3hfsf7 bhb,fl lf gbhlfgbh7<br />

[tkb fh itdeifkj<br />

,b’byf bdfybidbkc ufvfh]dt-<br />

VT ERDT D[TLFD<br />

VFS7 SFDUFLFGFHCEKT,C7<br />

D[TLFD CFCFVFHSKJ CRFVPT DFYJ<br />

VTHF,BIDBKC7 PEHF, FLTBIDBKC7<br />

VBIF CFFRFIDBKC7 UBUF ,JRTHBFC7<br />

RF[F KJVFBFC7 UBDB SFHUFVF'TC7<br />

VFVF-IDBK UF,FIDBKT,C LF<br />

VSTK FV VJLUVFC=<br />

3LFDBS<br />

GFBZF’T FHBC<br />

VJYF= VJ-YF=<br />

CFFRFIDBKBC<br />

VJYF===4<br />

,bc vbqotdfib47 2 fctsb b.j<br />

3mfhsekb gfhnbbc4 kblthbc<br />

gjpbwbf888<br />

2 fhf vujybf7 xtvb v[hblfy<br />

rjhtmnekb b.jc ,b’byf bdfybidbkbc<br />

vbth ufrtst,ekb<br />

itafct,t,bc rjvtynbht,f8<br />

2 smdty f[kjc bwyj,s<br />

.dtkf vfsufyc7 se [fnjdyfl<br />

dbn.dbs7 3,fhbrflt,ptw4<br />

vlufh[fhs thsfl888<br />

2 VT LFSJ UFV.HTKB’TC-<br />

SFY THSFL FHFCLHJC<br />

DVLUFHDFH ,FHBRFLT,PT<br />

THSB VFHNBDB VBPTPBC UF-<br />

VJ5 LFSJ UFV.HTKB’T FH<br />

VLUFHF FHFCLHJC ,FHBRF-<br />

LT,PT= xdty cfghjntcnj fmwbt,ib<br />

udfmdc thsfl vjyfobktj,f<br />

vbqt,ekb8 ’fkbfy rfhufl<br />

lf dsdkb7 hjv bdfybidbkpt<br />

rfhuflfw dbwyj, sbsjt-<br />

UJUF [FBYLHFDF5<br />

ek vfsufyc8 fhfths[tk vbsmdfvc<br />

vfspt xtvb cfsmvtkb7<br />

vfuhfv f[kf fhfrjhtmnekb<br />

bmyt,f bdfybidbkbc yfsmdfvbc<br />

rjvtynbht,f888<br />

2 hjwf jgjpbwbehb ’fkt,bc<br />

ufthsbfyt,fpt dcfe,hj,s888<br />

2 ktb,jhbcnt,b fhw fhfclhjc<br />

vbyf[fdc dbyvtcsfy ufthsbfyt,ekt,b8<br />

vfs fmds sf-<br />

dbfysb otct,b7 vjmvtlt,bc vfythf8<br />

bhfrkbcfw f[kjc dbwyj,7<br />

lfsjcfw lf cfmvtt,b lf<br />

rjyrhtnekb mvtlt,t,b erts<br />

ufvjfxtyc .dtkfc= BCT7 UFV.-<br />

HTKB’BC YF,B]T,B7 HF YF-<br />

,B]T,CFW BC ,JKJ GTHB-<br />

JLIB LUFVC7 FHFAHBS UFY-<br />

C[DFDLT,F 3GFLJIFCUFY4=<br />

dblht cfe,fhc ufdfuh’tkt,lts7<br />

ths vtlhjdt rfwpt utn.db<br />

xtvc cfsmvtkc5 bv lqtc7<br />

chekbfl itvs[dtdbs de.eht<br />

gfbzf’bc uflfwtvfc8 lfdbs<br />

eceafidbkb /.fdlf cnevhfl<br />

vbodtekb8 itvs[dtdbs dyf[t7<br />

hflufy tuts uflfwtvt,c fh<br />

de.eht, [jkvt8 vt fcts rfwc7<br />

fv cf[tkbsf lf udfhbs7 fhw<br />

dbwyj,8 c[dfsfijhbc7 bc vjyfrdtsbw<br />

vjdbcvbyt7 3fcfdfklfcfdfkb4<br />

hjv uftx[bhf .tkib<br />

lf mctyjaj,behb ufptsb<br />

ubojlfs888 lfdbs gfbzf’t fhbc<br />

cffrfidbkbc bltjkjubehb<br />

ghjgfufylbc ths-thsb itvchekt,tkb=<br />

gfbzf’t sdbsjy<br />

fh e.eht,c sfdbc uflfwtvt,c<br />

lf vbcb itafct,t,b dbc fbynthtct,c0<br />

hjujhb tupbngjkt,bw<br />

uff[vjdfyf vfufy cffrfidbkbc<br />

,h’fyt,bs7 vfctsbdt<br />

;ehyfkbcnbf8 vbcb vjqdfotj,f<br />

yf[ts 3dfhlt,bc htdjke-<br />

3UBVTJHT,S5 SE TCTYB TWLT,BFY7 HJV<br />

"FKBS XFF[IJY MFHSDTKB THBC YT,F7<br />

"FKFC VBBQT,TY CFGFCE[JL=<br />

LF FVFC DTQFHFATHB ITFXTHT,C 2<br />

MFHSDTKB [FK[B FQFH FGFNBT,C<br />

FV HT;BVC FVLTY CBC[KC=4<br />

HT;BCJHBC SDFKBS<br />

wbbc4 vtht lf .dtkfathb yfstkb<br />

bmyt,f smdtysdbc5 LF-<br />

DBS GFBZF’T FHBC VJYF= VJ-<br />

YF= CFFRFIDBKBC VJYF=== CF-<br />

VFHSKBFY MDT.FYFIB TCTYB<br />

FEWBKT,KFL LFBC]T,BFY7<br />

HFLUFY CBC[KPT7 ’FKFLJ-<br />

,FPT7 FVGFHNFDYJ,FPT LF-<br />

FAE’YTC MDT.FYF= RFWJ,HB-<br />

J,BC OBYFIT XFLTYBKB<br />

FHFFLFVBFYEHB MVTLT,T,BC-<br />

SDBC LFBC]T,BFY TCTYB ’F-<br />

KBFY VFKT LF XDTY FVFC<br />

FEWBKT,KFL VJDTCOHT-<br />

,BS= ’fkbfy vrfwh gfce[c<br />

fut,c cffrfidbkb lf vbcb ]fkfsehb<br />

ueylb= vt erdt d[tlfd<br />

vfs7 sfduflfgfhcekt,c7<br />

d[tlfd cfcfvfhskj crfvpt dfyj<br />

vthf,bidbkc7 pehf, fltbidbkc7<br />

vbif cffrfidbkc7 ubuf<br />

,jrthbfc7 rf[f kjvfbfc7 ubdb<br />

sfhufvf’tc7 vfvf-idbk uf-<br />

,fidbkt,c lf vstk fv vjluvfc=<br />

[jv fh fdbo.lt,f dbyvtc7<br />

pfpf ujhjpbf lf rf[f kjvfbf<br />

hjujh lffnfht,lyty hec utythfk<br />

,jhbcjdc0 rf[f ,tylemb’t<br />

genbybc trjyjvbrehb<br />

cf,zjc otdhbf lf ubrdbhs7<br />

vstkb mfhsekb trjyjvbrf<br />

hect,bc [tkib hjv uflfdblf0<br />

ybreif hehef lf ,fse mestkbf<br />

ufvfh]dt,fc ptbvj,lyty<br />

@__( okbc fudbcnjib888 fm<br />

[jv fqflubytc cfmfhsdtkjc<br />

nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,f<br />

!)@% okbc cfpqdht,ib lf vtht7<br />

kfvbc hjcnjdcfw uflfcodlyty<br />

lf vbbqtc rbltw gfce-<br />

[b 2 ;fyubfyb kekt,b ufbs[fhtc<br />

lf rehlqkt,bdbs<br />

ufvjbmwyty ,tkflbc vtsfehj,bs=<br />

uf,fidbkbw bm b.j7<br />

c[dfsfijhbc= tctyb .dtkfyb<br />

lfbc]t,bfy= .dtkfyb= rfyjybc<br />

vstkb cbvrfwhbs lfbc]t,bfy=<br />

lqtc ,b’byf bdfybidbkvf htfkehb<br />

ifycb uffxbyf7 hjv fhxtdyt,ib<br />

lfdfvfhw[js tc ht-<br />

;bvb= .dtkf fhxtdyt,b ofudfhsdtc7<br />

cbc[kib xff[idtc xdtyb<br />

ufvfh]dt,t,b7 vfuhfv f[kf fvltyc<br />

dtqfh it’kt,ty= dtqfh=<br />

LQTCFW CBC[KBS VJDFOTH<br />

[TKC7 HJV TCTYB FHXTDYT-<br />

,BS FH LFSVJ,TY [TKB-<br />

CEAKT,FC7 VFUHFV 2 LF-<br />

DFSVJ,BYT,S= se lfczbhlf7<br />

cffrfidbkb cfresfh ltlfc<br />

ufe.fk,t,c .dtkfathc lf fhxtdyt,c<br />

fh uff.fk,t,c7 hjujh<br />

abmhj,s0 lf7 se uff.fk,t,c7<br />

hfqf smvf eylf7 ’fkflj,f ’fkflj,fc<br />

ij,c lf vt sdbsjy<br />

ufvjdfk lf gbhflfl fqdelut,b<br />

oby fv cbc[kbcvcvtkt,bc<br />

cehdbkc7 hjv bctd offhsdfy<br />

mfhsdtk [fk[c sfdbceakt-<br />

,bcf lf sfdbceafkb fhxtdfybc<br />

eakt,f= UBVTJHT,S5 SE<br />

TCTYB TWLT,BFY7 HJV "F-<br />

KBS XFF[IJY MFHSDTKB<br />

THBC YT,F7 "FKFC VBBQT,TY<br />

CFGFCE[JL= LF FVFC DTQF-<br />

HFATHB ITFXTHT,C 2 MFH-<br />

SDTKB [FK[B FQFH FGFNB-<br />

T,C FV HT;BVC FVLTY CBC[KC=<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 37<br />

tcfe,hf<br />

ubjhub<br />

vfvfwfidbkb


@_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` -<br />

38<br />

08&00^ 00&00 vjfv,t (fa[f-<br />

08&00^ 00&00 vjfv,t (fa[f-<br />

08&00^ 00&00 vjfv,t (fa[f-<br />

08&00^ 00&00 vjfv,t (fa[f-<br />

08&00^ 00&00 vjfv,t (fa[f-<br />

peh^ jceh^ cjv[eh^ fpth-<br />

peh^ jceh^ cjv[eh^ fpth-<br />

peh^ jceh^ cjv[eh^ fpth-<br />

peh^ jceh^ cjv[eh^ fpth-<br />

peh^ jceh^ cjv[eh^ fpth-<br />

,fb]fyek tyt,pt) 09&00^<br />

,fb]fyek tyt,pt) 09&00^<br />

,fb]fyek tyt,pt) 09&00^<br />

,fb]fyek tyt,pt) 09&00^<br />

,fb]fyek tyt,pt) 09&00^<br />

12&00^ 14&45^ 17&45^ 23&00<br />

12&00^ 14&45^ 17&45^ 23&00<br />

12&00^ 14&45^ 17&45^ 23&00<br />

12&00^ 14&45^ 17&45^ 23&00<br />

12&00^ 14&45^ 17&45^ 23&00<br />

,hbabyubc lhjbs 10&00^<br />

,hbabyubc lhjbs 10&00^<br />

,hbabyubc lhjbs 10&00^<br />

,hbabyubc lhjbs 10&00^<br />

,hbabyubc lhjbs 10&00^<br />

22&00 sfdbceafkb nhb,e-<br />

22&00 sfdbceafkb nhb,e-<br />

22&00 sfdbceafkb nhb,e-<br />

22&00 sfdbceafkb nhb,e-<br />

22&00 sfdbceafkb nhb,e-<br />

yf 11&00 gfhkfvtynbc c[lj-<br />

yf 11&00 gfhkfvtynbc c[lj-<br />

yf 11&00 gfhkfvtynbc c[lj-<br />

yf 11&00 gfhkfvtynbc c[lj-<br />

yf 11&00 gfhkfvtynbc c[lj-<br />

vbc nhfyckfwbf<br />

vbc nhfyckfwbf<br />

vbc nhfyckfwbf<br />

vbc nhfyckfwbf<br />

vbc nhfyckfwbf 19&00<br />

19&00<br />

19&00<br />

19&00<br />

19&00<br />

cth&@TKBNFHEKB E


IJSF HECSFDTKBC<br />

CF[TKJ,BC<br />

CF[TKVOBAJ<br />

STFNHB<br />

+HECSFDTKBC UFVP8 !*8<br />

NTK85 @*@-^(-^(`<br />

LBLB CWTYF<br />

@( ST,THDFKB7 !)8$%<br />

hfvfp x[brdf't<br />

3%% otkb cwtyfpt4<br />

$ VFHNB7 !)8$%<br />

bhfrkb cfvcjyf't<br />

3dfybkbc vjnr,j<br />

ctdlbfyb cehytkb4<br />

HT:BCJHT,B 2 h8 cnehef7<br />

f8 tyemb't8<br />

TMCGTHBVTYNEKB CWTYF<br />

@! ST,THDFKB7 !)8$%<br />

3/fvktnb-rjvbmcb4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 k8 [dbxbf8<br />

@ VFHNB7 !)8$%<br />

fvtkb yjnjvb<br />

3vnhbc ybqf,b4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 h8 cnehef8<br />

CFYLHJ F[VTNTKBC<br />

CF[TKJ,BC<br />

CF[TKVOBAJ STFNHB<br />

+DTREFC M8 (8 NTK85 @^@-%!-*!`<br />

@7 # VFHNB7 !)8__<br />

htb reyb<br />

3nfmcbcnb ubdbc<br />

cb.dfhekbc<br />

bcnjhbf4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2<br />

v8 fckfvfpbidbkb8<br />

$ VFHNB7 !)8__<br />

ybrjkj vfrbfdtkb<br />

3vfylhfujhf4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2<br />

v8 fckfvfpbidbkb8<br />

GFYNJVBVBC<br />

CF[TKVOBAJ STFNHB<br />

+HECSFDTKBC UFVP8 #*8<br />

NTK85 @))-^#-!$`<br />

@ VFHNB7 !)8__<br />

htdfp vbidtkf't<br />

3mhbcnt4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 f8 ifkbrfidbkb8<br />

SFDBCEAFKB STFNHB<br />

+HECSFDTKBC UFVP8 @8<br />

NTK85 @)(-%(-@!`<br />

@( ST,THDFKB7 !)8__<br />

sfvhb a[frf't<br />

3,jcnfyb<br />

rjyakbmnbc<br />

pjyfib4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 f8 dfhcbvfidbkb8<br />

@) ST,THDFKB7 !)8__<br />

yjtk mfefhlb<br />

3sfakj,bc sdt4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2<br />

v8 lj,jh]ubyb't8<br />

! VFHNB7 !)8__<br />

lfsj nehfidbkb<br />

3]byct,bc<br />

sfj,f4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2<br />

l8 ljbfidbkb8<br />

@ VFHNB7 !)8__<br />

tynjyb ,th]thcb<br />

3vtmfybrehb<br />

ajhsj[fkb4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2<br />

f8 dfhcbvfidbkb8<br />

# VFHNB7 !)8__<br />

rfhkj ujkljyb<br />

3vidtybthb<br />

mfhsdtkb mfkb4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2<br />

f8 dfhcbvfidbkb8<br />

$ VFHNB7 !)8__<br />

3qvthsj7<br />

lfudbafht xdty lf<br />

flfvbfyt,b4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2<br />

f8 dfhcbvfidbkb8<br />

VB[TBK SEVFYBIDBKBC<br />

CF[TKJ,BC<br />

RBYJVCF[BJ,SF<br />

CF[TKVOBAJ STFNHB<br />

+FQVFITYT,KBC UFVP8 !^$8<br />

NTK85 @#$-@(-))`<br />

#7 $ VFHNB7 !)8__<br />

ebkbfv itmcgbhb<br />

3hjvtj lf<br />

]ekbtnf4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2<br />

v8 vfhvfhbyjcb8<br />

STFNHT,B<br />

RJNT VFH}FYBIDBKBC<br />

CF[TKJ,BC<br />

CF[TKVOBAJ<br />

STFNHB<br />

+VFH}FYBIDBKBC M8 (8<br />

NTK85 @)%-%)-^^`<br />

LBLB CWTYF<br />

@( ST,THDFKB7 @_8__<br />

]jdfyb ,jrfxj<br />

3ltrfvthjyb4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 k8 oekf't8<br />

@) ST,THDFKB7 @_8__<br />

ybrjkjp ujujkb<br />

3htdbpjhb4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 u8 ;jhlfybf8<br />

! VFHNB7 @_8__<br />

fkt[fylhj rfcjyf<br />

3te[tyf ,fk,jf4<br />

HT:BCJHT,B 2 k8 oekf't7<br />

l8 [dsbcbfidbkb8<br />

@ VFHNB7 @_8__<br />

bkbf zfdzfdf't<br />

3vupfdhbc<br />

othbkt,b4<br />

HT:BCJHT,B 2 s8 x[tb't7<br />

l8 [dsbcbfidbkb8<br />

VWBHT CWTYF<br />

@( ST,THDFKB7 @_8__<br />

sfvfh ,fhmfbf<br />

3gtbpf;c frkbf<br />

cbs,j4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 l8 [dsbcbfidbkb8<br />

@) ST,THDFKB7 @_8__<br />

3mfkb 'fqkbs4<br />

fynjy xt[jdbc vb[tldbs<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 k8 oekf't8<br />

FKTMCFYLHT<br />

UHB,JTLJDBC CF[TKJ,BC<br />

CF[TKVOBAJ STFNHB<br />

+HECSFDTKBC UFVP8 @/$8 NTK85<br />

@)#-!!-_^`<br />

# VFHNB7 !(8__<br />

3xdtyb j]f[bc<br />

vwdtkt,b4<br />

]fljcyehb pqfgfhb<br />

eahjct,bcfsdbc<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 f8 dfhcbvfidbkb8<br />

$ VFHNB7 !@8__<br />

]fyb hjlfhb<br />

xbgjkbyj4<br />

HT:BCJHB 2 u8 sjlf't8<br />

cffmwbj cfpjufljt,t,bc cf.ehflqt,jl=<br />

kbwtypbht,ekb htubcnhfnjhb<br />

cc 3rfdrfchttcnhb4<br />

usfdfpj,s afcbfyb mfqfklt,bc httcnhbc<br />

ofhvjt,bc vfqfkrdfkbabwbeh vjvcf[eht,fc8<br />

vjvcf[eht,bc cfafcehb !* kfhblfy8<br />

s,bkbcb7 vjcfidbkbc m8 1!! +dfrbc gfhrsfy`7 vt-@ cfhs8<br />

ntk85 @@@-_*-!(9 @@@-_*-$)9 afmcb5 @@%-!(-*^<br />

dt,-cfbnb5 www.kavkasreestri.ge tk8ajcnf5 kavkasreestri@gse.ge<br />

RHJCDJHLBC GFCE[T,B5<br />

SFHFPEKFL5 !8 rfvgecb9 ^8 rjk,f9 !_8 lth,b9 !#8 hbkrt9 !$8 rbynj9 !%8 fkflbyb9 !^8 ythgf9 !*8 ytybf9 !(8 cjhlb9<br />

!)8 ,fyub9 @_8 frbyfrb9 @$8 fnbkf9 @%8 fnbrf9 #_8 fkfycjyb9 #!8 vjhbtkb9 #@8 rjveybrt9 #^8 rfkjhbf9 #*8 yfhdfkb9 #)8<br />

vfhfj9 $@8 rbkbrbf9 $^8 3njcrf49 $*8 vjf9 $(8 fvfpjyb9 $)8 cf,pf9 %_8 cfylfkb9 %!8 rjybf9 %@8 ytb9 %#8 fafkbyf9 %$8 bhtvb9<br />

%%8 jnfhblb8<br />

IDTEKFL5 !8 rjfkf9 @8 vefhb9 #8 e,bcf9 $8 bhbcb9 %8 mkjhb9 ^8 rtybf9 *8 kfhlb9 (8 frf,f9 )8 byfyf9 !_8 ljybf9 !!8<br />

hbyub9 !@8 bsfrf9 @!8 rjkbj9 @@8 yfyle9 @#8 rhjcb9 @^8 nhbnjyb9 @*8 rfkdbyb9 @(8 nbht9 @)8 ,jhfyb9 #@8 rfynfnf9 ##8<br />

vfhcfkf9 #$8 ybfvjhb9 #%8 rhbnbrf9 #(8 bcfyb9 #)8 vfcfb9 $_8 hf,kt9 $!8 jvfyb9 $@8 rfcbj9 $#8 kfyxf9 $$8 rkfyb9 $%8 fybcb8<br />

;bekb ifhnfdfc sfj,f qhvf voe[fht,bc ufvjsmdfvc<br />

hj,thn qfhb,fidbkbc 'vbc<br />

UTKF QFHB,FIDBKBC<br />

ufhlfwdfkt,bc ufvj lf cfv'bvfhc ew[flt,c ufycdtyt,ekbbc j]f[cf lf f[kj,kt,c8<br />

lfrh'fkdf5 ! vfhnc7 !#8__ cffspt9<br />

ufvjcdtyt,f stkfdbc qdsbcvij,kbc trktcbblfy8<br />

VFLKJ,F VFBF MFHSDTKBIDBKC<br />

,jkj @-# otkbf7 xtvc j]f[ib .dtkfathb sfdlf.bhf lfluf7 vfvf cfvcf[ehblfy ufvjeidtc7<br />

ltlbc [tkafcb +gtlfujubf‘ hfvlty hfvtc ufcodlt,jlf7 ,jkjc lfudtvfnf bcbw7 hjv 'vfv<br />

dthcfl bijdf cfvcf[ehb7 cfw[jdht,kfl uflfdblf vfcpt @_ okbs eahjc mfksfy8 hsekb<br />

vbcf[dtlhb fh fhbc7 fv mfkvf hjujh vjf[th[f tc8 sfyfw7 ,jkj gthbjlib xtvvf 'vfv it.dfht-<br />

,eksfy ehsbthsj,f fqflubyf7 ithbulyty lf ewt, tc mfkb ufvjxylf8 f[kj,kbc o.fkj,bs<br />

vjd[dlbs vfbfcsfy7 hjvtkvfw bct fudbothf j]f[bc fv,fdb7 sbsmjc lffhbutcj7 ufvjcfdfkbw<br />

vjudbyf[f8 vbcb lfhbut,bcfvt,h dbvjmvtlts lf dth utn.dbs7 hjujh cfcbrtsjl itbwdfkf<br />

j]f[bc fv,t,b7 'vfw vjtuj ujyc7 lfe,heylf sfdbc 'dtk cfwjktc7 veifj,f lfbo.j vfvfvfw8<br />

vflkj,bc vtnb hf udtsmvbc7 hjv fhf vfbf7 dby bwbc7 hf bmyt,jlf7 'vfcfw lfdrfhufdlb lf ltlvfvfcfw7<br />

hjvkt,bw dth uflfbnfylyty fv nhfutlbfc8<br />

VFBFC VBCFVFHSBF5 ujhbc mexf<br />

+vtnhjcflueh 3othtstksfy4‘8 1!# %)#-)@-#^-#$<br />

RF[F }BZJYFBF5<br />

UEUEIDBKB<br />

N.EBC=<br />

ECBHW[DBKJL<br />

N.EBFY<br />

GHTPBLTYNSFY<br />

,JKJC V.JAB<br />

LFWDBC OTDHT,BW=<br />

rfyjybthb [tkbceakt,bc<br />

vtjht gbhb ,tcfhbjy ueueidbkb7<br />

vfiby7 hjltcfw cfvtuhtkj<br />

cfdct b.j UHE-cf lf<br />

CER-bc futynt,bs7 sfdbceakfl7<br />

vfymfybs uflfdblf 'dtkb<br />

[b,ekflfy ofkty]b[fib8 sdbsv[bkdtksf<br />

smvbs7 vfc sfy<br />

/mjylf hfwbf lf 3fhutynbybc4<br />

nbgbc htdjkdthb7 sevwf7<br />

fv afmnc cftzdjl efh-<br />

.jac8 ueueidbkb vfkfdlf<br />

ghtpbltynbc lf[dhtnbc fv-<br />

,fdc7 fv,j,lf7 pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbf<br />

ecfahs[jl fhbcj7<br />

sfdfl rb v[bfhek ueyt,fpt<br />

b.j8 itvltu ,fsevblfy<br />

cfpqdfhufhts uflfdblf8<br />

xdty 2 udfhlbtkt,c7 bvtlb<br />

udmjylf7 hjv gfhnbpfyekb<br />

,h’jkf lfbo.t,jlf7 dtkjlbs<br />

,h’fyt,fc @__$ okfvlt7<br />

vfuhfv fvfjl8 fh udtujyf7 se<br />

udbqfkfnt,lyty lf ufnt[lyty<br />

thbcsdbc vbwtvek abwc8<br />

fh udtujyf7 se mhbcnbfyb<br />

mfhsdtkb qdsbcvij,kbc<br />

obk[dtlh cfmfhsdtkjc eqfkfnt,lf<br />

lf hectsbc bvgthbbc<br />

[f[fib vjbchjlf8 fh udtujyf7<br />

se thjdyek vj’hfj-<br />

,fib .jayf lf sfyfvlt,j,f<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc ufcf.blfl czbhlt,jlfs8<br />

fh udtujyf7 se ,fhf,fc<br />

upfc fbhxtdlyty8 fh udtujyf7<br />

se jwlffsb dthw[kb<br />

lff,hvfdt,lfs8 fh udtujyf7<br />

se lblb pdbflbc cbn.dfc<br />

ereqvf ufbut,lyty5 3fh itb’kt,f<br />

cfresfhb sfdbcf lf cfresfhb<br />

[fk[bc vjn.et,f7 fvfpt<br />

vofht [dtlhb7 fvfpt itvpfhfdb<br />

lfyfifekb fh fhct-<br />

,j,c8884 fh udtujyf7 se vfqfkxbyjcyt,bc<br />

lf vsfdhj,bc<br />

ofhvjvflutykt,bc evhfdktcj,f<br />

vjqfkfnt bmyt,jlf8 fh<br />

udtujyf7 hjv peulblib xfnfht,ek<br />

ctcbfpt vbqt,ekb uflfo.dtnbkt,f<br />

lblb pdbflbc<br />

xfvjcdkfpt7 vfs bvbcfsdbc<br />

czbhlt,jlfs7 hfsf ghtpbltynb<br />

cfvtuhtkjib vjtrkfs8<br />

fh udtujyf7 se lblb pdbflbc<br />

cfmfhsdtkjib lf,heyt,bc<br />

itvltu7 vfqfkxbyjcyt,cf lf<br />

vsfdhj,bc evhfdktcj,fc<br />

,h’jkbcf lf obyffqvltuj,bc<br />

cehdbkb meckt,ib uftgfht-<br />

,jlfs8<br />

lqtc .dtkfathb yfstkbf8<br />

UEUEIDBKB fhfvfhnj n.ebc7<br />

fhfvtl ghtpbltyn pdbfl<br />

ufvcf[ehlbfc elbthfl<br />

b[ctybt,c lf itehfw[.jac<br />

sfdbc bynthdbet,ib8 ecbhw[dbkjl<br />

n.ebfy ghtpbltynsfy<br />

,jkjc v.jab lfwdbc<br />

otdht,bw= utrbs[t,bs<br />

smdty 2 rfyjybthb [tkbceakt,bc<br />

vfqfkxbyjcyt,c lf<br />

vsfdhj,bc ufmwtek ofhvjvflutykt,c<br />

2 hfnjv fh lfltmbs<br />

sbsj-jhjkf rfwb vfbyw<br />

.dtkf ,fnfkbjybcf lf<br />

]ueabc udthlbs7 hjujhw tc<br />

jvbc gbhj,t,ib [lt,f7 hjujhw<br />

qbhctekb vfvekbidbkt,b<br />

uffrtst,lyty7 hjujhw<br />

tc xtxytsib vj[lf= UTRBS[T-<br />

,BS UEUEIDBKC LF .DT-<br />

KFC7 DBYW ,H’JKF VBF-<br />

NJDF LF UFBMWF5 xdty7 udfhlbtkt,c7<br />

bfhfqb hjv lfudt.fhf<br />

lf ufdmwtekb.fdbs7<br />

[jv itudhfw[fdlbs vjqfkfntt,fl0=<br />

vfiby smdty hjv<br />

erfyvje[tlfdfl ufbmtwbs7<br />

[jkj ueueidbkvf bct 3lff[dbf4<br />

ief ,h’jkblfy7 hjv<br />

!( otkbf7 dth 3fvje[dtdbf47<br />

fvfc qfkfnbc ufhlf7 c[df hf<br />

itb’kt,f tojljc0= smdty<br />

fhfvfhnj lbl pdbflc7 fhfvtl<br />

cfmfhsdtkjc eqfkfnts=<br />

ufyf fvfc fh /mdbf ew[j mdt.ybc<br />

vbpybc ufy[jhwbtkt,f<br />

xdtyc mdt.fyfib xdtybdt mdt.ybc<br />

lfmwtdbc [fh]pt0=<br />

kecnhfwbbc rfyjybc vbqt-<br />

,bcf lf ghtpbltyn pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfc<br />

vrdktkj,bc ufvj-<br />

’bt,bc obyffqvltubf tlefhl<br />

itdfhlyf’t lf vbcb cekbthb<br />

idbkb vb[tbk cffrfidbkb7<br />

sevwf7 .dtkfv sdbsjy vjf[lbyf<br />

cfresfhb sfdbc kecnhfwbf8<br />

vf[cjdc7 ths[tk s,bkbcib<br />

it[dtlhbcfc ztivfhbnvf<br />

mfhsdtkvf7 fo ufycdtyt,ekvf<br />

,B’BYF LFYUF’TV<br />

vbs[hf 2 3itdfhlyf’tv CERbcf<br />

lf UHE-c vbth itvjupfdybkb<br />

futynt,bc lf[vfht,bs<br />

lffv[j thjdyekb [tkbceakt,f7<br />

hjvkbc ofhvjvflutykt,bw7<br />

,fnjyb pdbflbc cf-<br />

[tkc fvjafht,ekt,b7 cfvoe-<br />

[fhjl7 lqtcfw afhekfl<br />

vnhbc cfvcf[ehib fhbfyj48<br />

chekt,bs lfdtsfy[vt lf afmnb<br />

cf[tptf8<br />

lqtcfw c[dbc lfrhekpt<br />

RDBHBC AJCNF<br />

jwb otkb ufdblf thjdyekb [tkbceakt,bc lfv[j,bc itvltu8 jwb otkbf7<br />

hfw cfmfhsdtkjib lfbo.j htytufnj,bc [fyf8 thjdyekb [tkbceakt,bc<br />

lfv[j,bc itvltu xfvjb.dfytc hectsbc bvgthbbc tvbcfhb tlefhl itdfhlyf’t8<br />

fsbfsfcj,bs hxtekb mfhsdtkb f[fkufphlf ittobhf rfyjybthb<br />

[tkbceakt,bcf lf nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bc fqlutyfc8 itdfhlyf’tv ew[j<br />

stckc fxemf cfmfhsdtkjc 'bh’dtkb vbot,b 2 fa[fptsb lf cfvfxf,kj8<br />

rfyjybthb ghtpbltynb [b,ekfib7 vjqfkfnbc [tkib vfhnjl lfhxtybkb<br />

lf[dhbntc8 cfmfhsdtkjc ,tlbc rfhf,flbyib rbltd ths[tk xfbothf<br />

mfhsdtksf cfvfhw[dbyj qfkfnb8<br />

wtrdfdty8 dbcsfy fh yf[fds<br />

vfs7 ufhlf thjdyekb 'fkbcf7<br />

thjdyekb 'fkf lf<br />

qvthsb rb c’eks= bjnbcjltyf<br />

cbylbcb lf mfhsekb<br />

cekb hjv ituhxtyjlfs<br />

smdty7 cffrfidbkbc gbhfl<br />

gfnbvhfl f.dfybk ,fnjy<br />

WJNYT UFVCF[EHLBFPT cgfhnfyekb<br />

levbkbc yfwdkfl7<br />

[vfc fbvfqkt,lbs7<br />

vfuhfv ,fnjyb wjnytc wb-<br />

[tib ofvt,bs itdfhlyf’t-cffrfidbksfy<br />

thsfl smdtyw<br />

b’bts iehb pdbfl ufvcf[ehlbfpt8<br />

fv othbkbc ofrbs[dbc itvltu<br />

fv vjqfkfntt,ib ,tdhb<br />

fvjbwyj,c cfresfh sfdc lf<br />

udtkbc ujhufkb ftikt,fs<br />

uekpt8<br />

FSHBTS SMDTYB<br />

UFVJABNEKB<br />

CEKB LF C[TEKB=<br />

ZFVTS THBC<br />

UF.BLDBCSDBC<br />

VBQT,EKB FHFVB<br />

GEHB= FX[HBFKTS<br />

QFKFNBCSDBC<br />

VBQT,EKB #_<br />

DTHW[KB= BFHTS<br />

SMDTYC VBTH<br />

UF.BLEK<br />

CFMFHSDTKJIB=<br />

FEYSTS CFYSTKB<br />

QDSBCVIJ,TKC7<br />

HJVTKCFW<br />

OBK[DTLHB<br />

MDT.FYF<br />

UFE.BLTS= QDSBC<br />

HBC[DF FH<br />

FUWLT,FS<br />

FHWTHSC=<br />

,JKJC LBLB<br />

PDBFLBC<br />

CBN.DT,C<br />

ITUF[CTYT,S5<br />

3DBOHJF UPF<br />

[CYBCF LF<br />

AFHSJF UPF<br />

OFHO.VTLBCF48<br />

UTRBS[T,BS UEUEIDBKC LF .DTKFC7<br />

DBYW ,H’JKF VBFNJDF LF UFBMWF5<br />

XDTY7 UDFHLBTKT,C7 BFHFQB HJV<br />

LFUDT.FHF LF UFDMWTEKB.FDBS7<br />

[JV ITUDHFW[FDLBS VJQFKFNTT,FL0=<br />

VFIBY SMDTY HJV ERFYVJE[TLFDFL<br />

UFBMTWBS7 [JKJ UEUEIDBKVF BCT<br />

3LFF[DBF4 IEF ,H’JKBLFY7<br />

HJV !( OTKBF7 DTH 3FVJE[DTDBF47<br />

FVFC QFKFNBC UFHLF7 C[DF HF<br />

ITB’KT,F TOJLJC0=<br />

- @_!@ OKBC @* ST,THDFKB - $ VFHNB 1 ) ~)_*` 39


ITUFOE[FS OBYCDKBCF UEKVF0 LF CFCOHFAJL OFHVFNT,BC FRHBATS !% )$-__-!! OTKB<br />

☺<br />

�����<br />

40<br />

TMBVVF UBHXBFS RJHJYFHJUHFABF0 UFOE[T,S FHBSVBF0<br />

VBVFHSTS FYPJH VTKBFC RFHLBJKJUBEH RKBYBRFC 3UEKB4<br />

cfcbfvjdyj7 cfcbrtsj lqt8<br />

gkfytnt,bc ptufdktyf fhfrtsbkcfcehdtkbf8<br />

vybidytkjdfyc<br />

yehfathc vjbvjmvtlt,s lf<br />

yehw f[fk cfmvtc ofvjbo.t,s8<br />

vjsvbyt,f7 sfditrfdt,f lf ufyc]bc<br />

eyfhb ufvjbxbyts8<br />

yehfdbc tylj,bs7 itb’kt,f vjufn.ejy8<br />

cbahs[bkt ufvjbxbyts<br />

vtuj,ht,sfy lf ,fdidt,sfy ehsbthsj,fib8<br />

vjbo.dts gbhflb w[jdht,f7 lf[dtots<br />

bynbvehb ehsbthsj,t-<br />

,b7 .dtkfathc itvjmvtlt,bsfl<br />

vbeltmbs8<br />

vjdktyfsf etwfhb itvj,heyt-<br />

,f7 ahbfl gthcgtmnbekb obyflflt,t,b<br />

utkbs8<br />

vfnthbfkehb vlujvfhtj,bc ufev]j,tct,f7<br />

ghjatcbekb ofhvfnt,t,b8<br />

vjthblts ehsbthsj,fc eahjcj,fcsfy<br />

lf bv flfvbfyt,sfy7 hjvtksfw<br />

lblb ptufdktyf fmds smdtypt8<br />

ye ittwlt,bs7 eahj cjkblehfl<br />

ufvjb.eht,jlts8<br />

hsek vjvtynib lf[vfht,bcfsdbc<br />

vtuj,ht,c7 sfyfnjkt,cf<br />

lf f[kj,kt,c vbvfhsts8<br />

ye ufhbcrfds8 ufeahs[bklbs<br />

]fyvhstkj,fc8<br />

itcf'kjf7 umjylts cfcbfvjdyj<br />

lf cfzbhj ityf'tyb8<br />

dfhcrdkfdt,b +fh` [evhj,ty888<br />

SDBC<br />

HBW[DT,B<br />

@*<br />

JHI8<br />

@(<br />

CFVI8<br />

@)<br />

JS[I8<br />

!<br />

[ESI8<br />

@<br />

GFH8<br />

#<br />

IF,FSB<br />

$<br />

RDBHF<br />

LFFHCT

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!